INSPIRE Data Specifications Management of environmental data and information

Transcription

1 INSPIRE Data Specificatins Management f envirnmental data and infrmatin Ilkka Rinne / Spatine Oy 3th Octber 2018

2 Abut Me Ilkka Rinne, Funder and Head f Custmer Experience & Interperability at Spatine. Spatine is a Finnish cmpany ffering clud-based tls and cnsulting fr testing and imprving the quality f spatial data and ge-apis. OGC member since An active member in EU INSPIRE implementatin expert grups, has als dne cntracted INSPIRE wrk fr the Eurpean Cmmissin. Chair f Quality f Service Experience Dmain Wrking Grup f the Open Gespatial Cnsrtium (OGC). M.Sc. frm Univ. Helsinki Cmputer Science (user interface design & sftware develpment backgrund).

3 Spatial data prduct Cnsistent and frmally described piece if spatial infrmatin a dataset r dataset series. Cnfrms t the Data (Prduct) Specificatin dcument (standardized as ISO 19131) Designed fr mdelling and distributin f data needed fr particular use cases r data theme. Intended t be distributed as a whle r filtered t match user needs. Nte: In practice it s nt always clear hw a dataset r dataset series shuld be defined!

4 INSPIRE Data Specificatins (technical guidance) Dcuments that define the data structure, cntent and presentatin f harmnized, sharable and reusable INSPIRE datasets. Data mdels and encdings fr INSPIRE Dwnlad Services. At least the GML (XML) encding f the data mdel Default map presentatins (prtrayal) fr INSPIRE View Services. Typically ne specificatin fr each the 34 Data Themes. Technical guidance fr implementing the the INSPIRE Implementing Rules legislative text.

5 INSPIRE annexes and themes INSPIRE Data Themes frm a thematic gruping fr the INSPIRE datasets. INSPIRE Data Themes in grups Annex I, II and III (listed the Directive Annexes) have different legislative implementatin deadlines: Annex I data, services and metadata must be made available first, Annex III last. Sme Annex I data mdels are meant t be reusable building blcks fr ther themes, like Crdinate systems and Gegraphic names.

6 pa pe па pa pe па pa pe па AU RS RS AD GG GG CP GN RS GN TN AU GG AU HY AD GN AD PS AU CP CP EL AD TN TN LC CP HY HY Crdinate reference systems RS Gegraphical names GN Gegraphical systems Crdinate reference systems GG Administrativegrid units AU Gegraphical grid systems Crdinate reference systems GG Addresses Administrative units AU Gegraphical names Gegraphical grid systems GN Addresses AD Gegraphical names Gegraphical grid systems GN Cadastral parcels Addresses AD Administrative units Gegraphical names AU Cadastral parcels Crdinate reference systems CP Gegraphical names Administrative units AU Cadastral parcels Transprt netwrks CP Addresses Administrative units AD Gegraphical grid systems Transprt netwrks TN Administrative units Addresses AD Hydrgraphy Transprt netwrks TN Cadastral parcels Addresses Gegraphical names CP Hydrgraphy HY Addresses Cadastral parcels CP Hydrgraphy Hydrgraphy Prtected sites HY Administrative units Transprt netwrks Cadastral parcels TN Prtected sites PS Cadastral parcels Transprt netwrks TN Prtected sites Prtected sites Elevatin PS Newly cllected and extensively restructured data sets available Hydrgraphy Addresses Transprt netwrks as harmnized by HY Elevatin EL Transprt netwrks All ther data sets available ashy harmnizedhydrgraphy by Elevatin EL Elevatin Land cver Prtected sites Cadastral parcels PS Hydrgraphy Land cver LC Hydrgraphy Prtected sites PS Eurpa Eurpa Eurpa Eurpa Administrative units Eurpe Eurpe Eurpe Eurpe Eurpa Eurpe Eurpa Eurpe Eurpa Eurpe Eurpa Eurpe Eurpa Eurpe Eurpa Eurpe Eurpa Eurpe Eurpa Eurpa Eurpe Eurpe Eurpa Eurpe Eurpa Eurpe Eurpa Eurpa Eurpe Eurpe Annex I Eurpa Eurpe Eurpa Eurpe

7 TN HY HY PS PS EL EL LC LC OI OI GE GE Transprt netwrks Hydrgraphy Hydrgraphy Prtected sites Prtected sites Elevatin Elevatin Land cver Land cver PS EL EL Prtected sites Elevatin Annex II LC LC OI OI GE GE Elevatin Land cver Land cver Orthimaginary Orthimaginary Gelgy Gelgy Orthimaginary Orthimaginary NewlyGelgy cllected and extensively restructured data sets available as harmnized Gelgy by All ther data sets available as harmnized by

8 D MR R Bi-gegraphical regins facilities Envirnmental mnitring Land use Bi-gegraphical regins Buildings Mineral resurces Atmspheric cnditins Sil Meterlgical gegraphical features SO MF AF HB PD SD AM regulatin znes and reprting units Habitats andand bitpes Prductin industrial facilities Land useresurces Mineral Land use Mineral resurces Natural risk znes Agricultural and Species distributin aquaculture facilities Human health and safety Human health and safety Atmspheric cnditins Ppulatin distributin demgraphy Energy resurces Utility and gvernmental services Utility and gvernmental services Meterlgical Statistical units Statistical units gegraphical features Area management/restrictin/ regulatin znes and reprting units Envirnmental mnitring facilities Mineral resurces Envirnmental Oceangraphic mnitring facilities Buildings Buildings gegraphical features Natural risk znes Prductin and industrial facilities Prductin and industrial facilities Sil Sil Statistical units Energy resurces Natural risk znes Bi-gegraphical regins demgraphy Envirnmental mnitring facilities Energy resurces Sil Sil Energy resurces Area management/restrictin/ Newly cllected and extensively restructured data sets by SU ER NZ Species distributin Area management/restrictin/ regulatin znes and reprting units Ppulatin distributin demgraphy Habitats and bitpes Agricultural and aquaculture facilities Prductin and industrial facilities Bi-gegraphical regins Prductin and industrial facilities Habitats and bitpes Human health and safety Habitats bitpes Statisticaland units Statistical units Agricultural Sea regins and aquaculture facilities Species distributin Utility and gvernmental services Buildings Species distributin Buildings Ppulatin distributin BU MR AC Annex III PF BR Utility and gvernmental services US Human health and safety HH Land use LU BU H R D M SB H R Sil Buildings OR U F F R OB SO HR U BR EF LU BR PF HB Natural risk znes HH Envirnmental mnitring facilitiessu HB Natural risk znes Human health and safety SU Sea regins Buildings Atmspheric cnditins SR AF Statistical units Atmspheric cnditins SD US Prductin and industrial facilities BU Atmspheric cnditins Utility and gvernmental services SD BU Meterlgical Sil Bi-gegraphical regins PD gegraphical features BR Meterlgical Buildings Agricultural and EF gegraphical features Meterlgical ER SO aquaculture facilities Envirnmental mnitring facilities gegraphical features SO ER Oceangraphic Sea Landregins use AM gegraphical Habitats and features bitpes Oceangraphic Sil HB PF Ppulatin distributin gegraphical features Oceangraphic MR Prductin and industrial facilities LU demgraphy gegraphical features LU Human health and safety MR Bi-gegraphical regins NZ Land use Species distributin AF Area management/restrictin/ SD Agricultural and HH regulatin znes and reprting units aquaculture facilities Utility and gvernmental services HH AC Habitats and bitpes Human health and safety PD Energy resurces Ppulatin Natural riskdistributin znes ER US demgraphy US Envirnmental mnitring facilitiessu MF Utility and gvernmental services SU Species distributin AM Area management/restrictin/ Mineral resurces Atmspheric cnditins EF MR regulatin znes and reprting units EF Prductin and industrial facilitiesbu OF Envirnmental mnitring facilitiesbu NZ Energy resurces Meterlgical PF Natural risk znes gegraphical features Agricultural and PF SO aquaculture facilities Prductin and industrial facilities SO Envirnmental mnitring facilities Sea regins Sil demgraphy Area management/restrictin/ regulatin znes and reprting units Area management/restrictin/ regulatin znes and reprting units Area management/restrictin/ Utility and gvernmental services Land use regulatin znes and reprting units Statistical Natural riskunits znes EF SR O M M M U Others by

9 Hw t read INSPIRE Data Specificatins?

10 Hw t create a data prduct specificatin? Starting pint: Cllect and define tp pririty use cases and cncepts (cnceptual analysis) Try invlving bth the data wners and the data users, use real usage scenaris. Guidance fr the prcess and the dcument: Methdlgy fr the develpment f data specificatins (D 2.6): JHS 177 Paikkatiettutteen määrittely: (in Finnish) ISO Gegraphic infrmatin - Data prduct specificatins: (158 Swiss Francs, try yur library first!)

11 Cnceptual mdelling

12 (Gespatial) feature Basic identifiable entity f spatial infrmatin. Is a cnceptual mdel (simplificatin) f a real-wrld entity lcated smewhere. In additin t the lcatin, cntains als ther prperties describing the entity. A feature can have relatins t ther features and ther (nn-spatial) entities.

13 Example: a river In real life A river flws gently thrugh the city. Chice f view pint t be made: Means f transprtatin, recreatinal area, pssible flding area, valuable scenic area, demanding building envirnment, land transprtatin hindrance, The use cases fr applicatin cntext define the view pint fr the mdelling: Let s chse the means f transprtatin in this example

14 Feature and its prperties As a means f transprtatin, a river culd have the fllwing prperties f interest: Width, depth f the waterway, the speed and directin f the current, and steepest curves cnsidering navigatin. Where des the river prvide access t, where des it start & end, which lcatins des is pass by, cnnected ther waterways, and the muth f the river are als f cnsiderable interest. Frm this the view pint the cleanliness f the water might nt be s imprtant.

15 The lcatin prperty The lcatin prperty f a feature (ften called gemetry) makes the feature spatial. Gemetries can be rughly split in fur categries: pint, line, area and (3-dimensinal) vlume. Smetimes yu have t chse the gemetry type based n the use case: Lakes gemetries are typically f area type: need t knw if anther feature is lcated in/n the lake r at the shre. River gemetry can be f line r area type: Fr transprt netwrk the centre line f the waterway is typical, but fr small scale mapping the actual water area is required.

16 Feature relatins Semantic cnnectins between features are mdelled as relatins: A harbur r pier culd be a spatial feature related t the river they prvide access t. As a spatial feature type a harbur wuld have a lcatin, a prperty linking it t the water feature and ther prperties. Relatins typically have a name and multiplicity, pssibly different fr different directins: The relatin frm the harbur t the river culd be called a water cnnectin, and frm river t the harbur a berth r lading site.

17 Feature inheritance

18 INSPIRE WaterCurse (Hydrgraphy theme)

19 Hydr Netwrk UML

20 Applicatin Schema (UML) Structural descriptin f spatial feature types fr a particular applicatin cntext and their relatins with each ther and t ther entities. Described graphically as UML class diagrams based n the General Feature Mdel included in ISO In INSPIRE, the Applicatin Schemas fr each Theme are based n the INSPIRE Generic Cnceptual Mdel (GCM) Included in the chapter 5. Data cntent and structure f the Data Specificatins.

21 Feature catalg Textual descriptin f the Feature types and cde lists f an Applicatin Schema. Alternative t the UML diagrams, ther prvides mre detailed explanatins f the prperties, restrictins, multiplicities etc. Handy, if yu knw the name f the feature type t lk fr. Like the Applicatin Schema UML diagrams, included in the chapter 5. Data cntent and structure f a Data Specificatin.

22 Prviding spatial data prducts In it self, the abstract UML mdel f an Applicatin Schema is nt suitable fr transferring the spatial data, it needs a cncrete encding. Several alternative encdings may be included in a Data Specificatin, Gegraphy Markup Language (GML), a XML encding is usually always included. Encdings are described in Chapter 10. Delivery

23 Features encded in GML GML is an OGC and ISO Standard fr an XML-based encding f gespatial data structured accrding t the feature mdel. Mirrred as ISO 19136:2007 XML (extensible Markup Language) is a generic, frmal, text-based language fr expressing hierarchical dcuments. GML prvides a generic way t encde Applicatin Schema data in XML, with structure and cntent rules expressed in XML Schema (.xsd) language rules. Nte: Schematrn validatin rules are als smetimes prvided t express rules that cannt be given in XML Schema XML (and thus GML) encding is human and machine readable, but quite verbse, the GML files quickly becme very big; zipping helps.

24 GML encded feature

25 Access t feature data: INSPIRE Dwnlad Services INSPIRE feature data is made available via INSPIRE Dwnlad Services: Predefined Dwnlad Service: the whle dataset r predefined parts are dwnladable withut filtering. Direct Access Dwnlad Service: users may filter the datasets based n their prperties t fetch nly the features relevant fr their use case. Services available in the Web, use Geprtals r search engines t find. Brwser can be used t fetch the data in simple cases, GIS sftware r client libraries fr mre cmplicated data extractin.

26 Predefined dataset Dwnlad Service When the full WFS implementatin is t cstly r impractical. Especially when the data des nt change ften (administrative areas etc.) Atm + OpenSearch ptin (file-based dwnlad): Tw-level Atm feeds (tp level feed pints t data-set specific feed dcuments) pinting t data files and metadata descriptins. Typically, but nt necessarily GML, dwnladed as whle files. OGC WFS with ptin t dwnlad an entire dataset by giving it s INSPIRE identifier. Other stred queries typically als available t select the data. Freely selectable WFS queries d nt have t be supprted.

27 Direct access Dwnlad Service Fr INSPIRE feature data, the full-blwn WFS is required: When the datasets are large, but nly specific, varying subsets are required fr the typical use cases. Gegraphical area is the mst typical filtering criteria, but any ther prperty value can als be used and cmbined as a WFS GetFeature request. WFS GetFeature result data is typically GML encded, but ther encdings may als be available.

28 Feature prtrayal (maps) The default map visualisatin styles f the feature types. In a View Service (WMS) each feature type is typically available as a separate map layer. Included in chapter 11. Prtrayal f the INSPIRE Data Specificatins. Nte: the default INSPIRE styles fr many f the Data Specificatins are pr verging t unusable when cmbining data frm several data surces. Try t prvide mre sensible styles in additin t the mandatry INSPIRE nes if yu are respnsible fr publishing View Services!

29 Natinal data prducts INSPIRE Data Specificatins and data mdels are cmprmises: natinal needs may differ. INSPIRE Data Specificatins are meant t be extensible, but in cntrlled ways t maintain at least certain level n interperability: Extensible cde lists are the simplest extensin methd. Using the INSPIRE feature types, but frcing ptinal prperties t be mandatry can be enfrced by additinal Schematrn rules. Inheriting frm the INSPIRE feature types by adding new prperties can create validatin issues and t unnecessarily cmplex data structures. Up-t-date metadata and frmal Data Specificatins necessary als fr the natinal data prducts.

30 INSPIRE ht tpics in 2018 Better client access alternative simplified data mdels and encdings fr INSPIRE datasets First apprach fr a GeJSON encding underway, see n n+alternative+encdings+fr+inspire+data Impacts f API blm and RESTful services n INSPIRE SDI OGC WFS versin 3, Sensr data / Internet f Things Use cases fr Cpernicus Sentinel data

31 Further reading INSPIRE Thematic Clusters: Open, theme riented discussin arund INSPIRE data and technlgies The INSPIRE Geprtal The main INSPIRE Discvery Service and search engine The new INSPIRE reference validatr: The (legacy) Geprtal Validatr: still the mst cmprehensive validatr fr many INSPIRE requirements, but a bit cnfusing UI: GIS terms in Finnish: INSPIRE inf in Finnish at NLS site: Brwse Finnish INSPIRE and ther data (preview) at Paikkatietikkuna

32 Hmewrk assignment 4 Part 1: Which INSPIRE data themes and annexes the fllwing data belngs t: Names f cities and twns Bundaries f territrial waters Railway statins Rubbish dumps and recycling sites Lcatins f weather bservatin sites Hint: Read the text f chapter 2 "Overview" f the INSPIRE Data Specificatin dcuments yu think may be relevant.

33 Hmewrk assignment 4 Part 2: In which it makes mst sense t prvide INSPIRE datasets using Predefined Dwnlad Services, r Direct Access Dwnlad Services? Cnsider the issue frm bth the data prviders and the data users perspectives.