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1 EKT Priciples of Measureet ad struetatio Se. 0/0 Solutio Tutorial (Chapter ) Q. (a) Briefly discuss the operatio of a Peraet Maget Movig Coil (PMMC) oveet ad also describe TWO() advatages of PMMC. PMMC operatio ad advatages (efer to your slide otes) (b) Desig a Aryto shut to provide a aeter with a curret rage of 0-50 A, 00 A, 0 A, ad A. A D' Arsoval oveet with a iteral resistace of kω ad full scale curret of 0 μa is used. = 0 µa; = kω; Aeter rages; = A, = 0 A, = 00 A, = 50 A. For sh A; sh ( ) k (00 ) 0.00 For sh 5A; ( sh ) ( ) For sh 0A; ( sh ) ( ) For sh Therefore, 50A; ( sh ) ( ) , ,, Page of 8
2 EKT Priciples of Measureet ad struetatio Se. 0/0 Q. (a) Explai with a eat sketch, the costructio, workig ad theory of a Peraet Maget Movig Coil istruet.(pmmc). PMMC; costructio + operatio (efer to Note) (b) Desig a Aryto shut to provide a aeter with curret rages of 0- A, 5 A,0 A, ad 50 A, usig a D Arsoval oveet havig iteral resistace of 50 Ω ad a full scale curret of 00 µa. = 00 µa; = 50 Ω; Aeter rages; = A, = 5 A, = 0 A, = 50 A. For sh A; 0 0. sh ( ) 50 (0 ) For sh 5A; ( sh ) ( ) 50. For sh 0A; ( sh ) ( ) For sh 50A; ( sh ) ( ) Page of 8 Therefore,.5, 0.8, 0.667, 0.
3 EKT Priciples of Measureet ad struetatio Se. 0/0 Q. (a) What value of shut resistace is required for usig 50 µa eter oveet havig a iteral resistace of 50 Ω for easurig curret i the rage of A? = 50 µa; = 50 Ω; Aeter rage, = 500 A sh sh sh sh ( ) (b) Desig a Aryto shut to provide a aeter with curret rages of 0- A, 0A,50 A, ad 00 A, usig a D Arsoval oveet havig iteral resistace of 00 Ω ad a full scale curret of 50 µa = 50 µa; = 00 Ω; Aeter rages; = A, = 0 A, = 50 A, = 00 A. For sh A; sh ( ) 00 (0 ) 5.6 For sh 0A; ( sh ) (00 5.6) For sh 50A; ( sh ) (00 5.6) For sh Therefore, 00A; ( sh ) (00 5.6) , 0.057, 0.0, Page of 8
4 EKT Priciples of Measureet ad struetatio Se. 0/0 Q. (a) Explai how a PMMC ca be used as a basic volteter. The basic oveet of a dc volteter is a PMMC galvaoeter. The basic oveet is coverted ito a dc volteter by addig a series resistor kow as ultiplier. The ultiplier liits the curret through the oveet, so the curret does ot exceed the full scale deflectio curret. A dc volteter easures the potetial differece betwee two poits i a dc circuit. The voltage rage ca be exteded by eas of differet values.of ultiplier resistaces. (Diagra refer to slide ote) (b) Defie sesitivity of volteters. What is the sigificace of sesitivity i volteters? Sesitivit y fs ( /) Sesitivity is based o the full scale curret () results wheever resistace is preset i the eter circuit for each voltage applied. The portace of olteter Sesitivity olteters are coected i parallel with the copoets whose voltage or voltage drop you wat to easure. That eas that the iteral volteter's resistace will create a ew brach i parallel with the copoet, thus icreasig the curret i the circuit. f there are other copoets i series with the copoet to which the volteter is coected, this icreet of curret will icrease the voltage drop across the, reducig the voltage drop across the copoet whose voltage is beig easured. This is obviously a iduced error i the easureet, which adds up to other errors built ito the volteter (accuracy, resolutio, liearity, parallax, etc.) Whe easurig the output voltage of low resistace (high curret) power supplies, the iput ipedace is usually ot a issue. However, whe easurig a low curret power supply, the iput resistace of the volteter will have to be at least 0 ties the iteral resistace of the power supply. Otherwise, the error will be too oticeable. Therefore, the ideal volteter should have a ifiite iteral resistace. Sice this is ot the case, it should at least have several egaohs. Aalog volteters usually have s sesitivity of 0 to 0 kiloh per volt (kω/), which varies with the volteter rage settig. Page of 8
5 EKT Priciples of Measureet ad struetatio Se. 0/0 (c) A basic D Arsoval oveet with a full scale deflectio of 50µA ad havig a iteral resistace of 800 Ω is available. t is to be coverted ito a 0, 0-5, 0-0, 0-00 ultirage volteter usig idividual ultipliers for each rage. Calculate the values of the idividual resistor.give Step for ( ) 50µA.80K 8.K Step for 5 ( ) 5 50µA (.8K ) (00.8) K 98.K Step for 0 ( ) ( ) 0 50µA (.8K ) (00.8) K 98.K Step for 00 ( ) ( ) 00 50µA (.8K ) (000.8) K 998.K Page 5 of 8
6 EKT Priciples of Measureet ad struetatio Se. 0/0 Q5. (a) State the effect of usig a volteter of low sesitivity A low sesitivity volteter ay give a correct readig whe easurig voltage i a low resistace circuit, but it ay produce ureliable readig i a high resistace circuit. (b) Covert a basic D Arsoval oveet with a iteral resistace of 00 Ω ad a full scale deflectio of A ito a ultirage dc volteter with the voltage rages of a 0,0-0, Step for ( ) A 0.K 0.9K Step for 0 ( ) ( ) 0 A (0.9K 0.K ) 9K Step for 50 ( ) ( ) 50 A (9K 0.9K 0.K ) (50 0) K 0K Page 6 of 8
7 EKT Priciples of Measureet ad struetatio Se. 0/0 Q6. (a) The circuit diagra of figure shows a full wave rectifier ac volteter with a 0 rs AC applied. The eter oveet has a iteral resistace of 50 Ω ad required A for full scale deflectio. The diodes each have a forward resistace of 50 Ω ad ifiite reverse resistace. Calculate: (i) (ii) (i) Figure The ohs per volt ratig of the ac volteter. The series resistace required for full scale eter deflectio whe 5 rs is applied to the eter terials. = 50 Ω, = A, D =50Ω. Ohs per volt ratig = S 0.9k dc A / (ii) Series resistace, S ) S ac rs ( D S 0.9k / 5 (50 (50)). 5k (b) A A full scale deflectio curret eter oveet is to be used as a oheter circuit. The eter oveet has a iteral resistace of 500 Ω ad a 5 battery will be used i the circuit. Mark off the eter face (dial) for readig resistace with a 0%, 50% ad 00% deflectio. = 500 Ω, = A, E=5 The value of s which liit curret to FSD curret, s E Page 7 of 8 5 s k A The value of x with 0% deflectio 5 x 0 0.A.5 0.5k k The value of x with 50% deflectio 5 x 5 0.5A.5 0.5k k The value of x with 00% deflectio 5 x 0 A.5 0.5k k
8 EKT Priciples of Measureet ad struetatio Se. 0/0 Q7. Explai with a diagra the operatio of a series type oheter. (a) With referece to Figure, state the oheter scale whe the curret is 0A, / FSD, /FSD ad FSD Figure Page 8 of 8
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