The Erosion Problem: Perspectives. Physical
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1 Greg Berman
2 The Erosion Problem: Perspectives Physical Education Regulation
3 The Erosion Problem: Physical Perspectives What is a hotspot? Erosion Rate / Vulnerability / Frame of Reference
4 Sandwich Town Neck January 26, 2015
5 Video by Peter Traykovski, WHOI Sandwich Town Neck January 26, 2015
6 Sandwich Town Neck Video by Peter Traykovski, WHOI, Image by Issac Benaka January 27, 2015 February, 2015
7 February 6, 2015 The Erosion Problem: Dennis July 30, 2015
8 The Erosion Problem: Truro
9 The Erosion Problem: Education Perspectives It s all sediment transport! What is Erosion???... just more leaving than coming in Accretion Static Equilibrium Erosion
10 Daily/Seasonal Variability Beach Profile Adjustments Large waves, which tend to occur in the winter in Massachusetts, cause the beach to temporarily change its profile. Winter Summer Images adapted from Natural Hazard Considerations for Purchasing Coastal Real Estate in Hawaii - A Practical Guide of Common Questions and Answers, by University of Hawaii Sea Grant College Program, 2006.
11 General Coastal Processes
12 Coastal Processes: Why they matter 70 80% of MA shoreline is eroding Erosion rates have increased since 1950 s Erosion is not steady punctuated by storms (layers exposed can cause slumping)
13 Erosion Control Structures Designed to extend the usable life of a property. General practice 1920s 1950s. Scientists wrote letter in 1970 s... MA needs erosion. 310 CMR 10: no new coastal engineering structure on a coastal beach/dune/bank to protect a structure built after 8/10/1978 Towns: Engineered structures may require nourishment
14 Coastal Processes: Key Points 1. Erosion of glacial landforms is the MOST important source of sediment for dunes and beaches in Massachusetts. 2. Wind and waves then transport sediment. 3. Without erosion and then longshore re-deposition there would be no beaches.
15 The Spectrum of Coastal Erosion Control Methods Do nothing Vegetation Re-grade Managed retreat Beach nourishment Sand fencing Fiber rolls Coir Envelopes C E S WPA: Coastal engineering structure means, but is not limited to, any breakwater, bulkhead, groin, jetty, revetment, seawall, weir, riprap or any other structure that is designed to alter wave, tidal or sediment transport processes in order to protect inland or upland structures from the effects of such processes.
16 The Erosion Problem: Regulatory / Legal Perspectives Stick vs. Carrot Regulations Incentives
17 The Erosion Problem: Educational Perspectives Scientists Public Childhood Vaccines: 86% 68% PEW Climate Change: 87% 50% GMO: 88% 37% High 90s%, if look at literature Cook et al 2013, IPCC 5th AR
18 The Erosion Problem: Educational Perspectives Coastal Property Owner Coastal Resource User Preserve upland Preserve CRA width Revetment Green Infrastructure Nourishment trigger at local beach elevation Nourishment is annual volume for downdrift beaches
19 The Erosion Problem: Educational Perspectives Grandfathering.pre/post 1978 Buyer beware Remove grandfathering or drop the 1978 restriction on CES Right now we ve got 2 classes of property NFIP tried to remove grandfathering BW12 Lose grandfathering on change in ownership (2 nd homes 1 st )
20 The Erosion Problem: Regulatory / Legal Perspectives 1. Post 1978 house 2. Scarp from house 3. Poorly maintained fiber rolls 4. Several OOCs included no CES Is it acting as a sediment source?...only needs to play a role. Local ConCom permitted a rock revetment (CES). Abutters/Stakeholders appealed to State DEP
21 The Erosion Problem: Regulatory / Legal Perspectives 1. Mix of Pre and Post 1978 houses 2. Scarp 5-50 from houses 3. Revegetation of coastal bank attempted 4. Several OOCs included no CES 5. Town owned conservation land 6. Beach had Wetlands Restriction Act 7. Erosion down drift Is it acting as a sediment source?...only needs to play a role. Local ConCom denied project. Likely changes/appeal coming soon. No you don t understand my house is going to fall in!
22 The Erosion Problem: Regulatory / Legal Perspectives Temporary Measures
23 The Erosion Problem: Regulatory / Legal Perspectives
24 Why not eminent domain? Why protect properties..? Town of Brewster example The Facts Value = $333,000,000 Only ~1% of properties ~3% of town area but they make ~10% of the real estate taxes The Implications (don t want takings) To keep the same revenue, the tax rate would go from 8.18 to 9.06 or ~$300 per household
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