Environment Bay of Plenty Ohope Beach system
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1 Environment Bay of Plenty 7 5. Ohope Beach system Environmental Publication 27/ NERMN Beach Profile Monitoring
2 Environment Bay of Plenty 5..1 Ohope Spit (CCS 9) Discussion The site is located 2m to the west of the Ohiwa Harbour entrance. The Ohope Spit evidently formed rapidly through longshore drift in the late Holocene (c. 2 calendar years BP) Richmond et al. (196); Beanland & Berryman (1992). Murdoch (25) has proposed a new mid-holocene evolutionary model. The model is based around new radiocarbon ages obtained from subsurface shells, in situ tree stumps, together with tephrochronology and investigations of buried soil horizons. The spit attained its current (historical) length by 19 cal. yrs B.P. based on a shell date of this age near the spit s eastern end. A dominant feature is the series of six well vegetated sub parallel dune ridges that recurve on the distal eastern end towards the harbour (Julian, 26). Ohiwa and Ohope Spits appear to be in a state of dynamic equilibrium, as Ohiwa Spit is now in a state of strong accretion; the Ohope Spit is currently in a state of strong erosion. This trend is highlighted in the profile summary and the statistical analysis. Conversely, Gibb (199) when reporting on the trend for stated a shoreline advance of approximately 2m. The offshore profiles show a significant loss of the sand when comparing the 23 against the 1992 profile. A dominance of El Nino conditions (Figure.1) would result in an increased eastward drift and a resulting loss of material from the Ohope Spit and corresponding renourishment of the Ohiwa Spit/Bryans Beach section (as evidenced in Section 5.3.). NERMN Beach Profile Monitoring Environmental Publication 27/
3 Environment Bay of Plenty 9 CCS 9 - Ohope Spit State: Erosion 5 Location: NZMG 2737E 63979N Period of record: No. of profiles: 39 Morphodynamic type (Wright Short model): Longshore Bar and Trough Volume p-level. TOF p-level.-.. Number of Profiles Seasonal Profile Distribution Summer Autumn Winter Spring Beach Profile Summary MHWS position from Benchmark (elevation 1.1m) Range = 295m /3/199 11/12/ /3/26 Min Envelope Average Max Envelope Offshore Profile Summary // /5/ /5/23 Distance from Front Benchmark (m) y = x R 2 =.9153 Volume and Toe of Foredune Summary y = -.x R 2 = Volume (m 3 /m) TOF position Volume Environmental Publication 27/ NERMN Beach Profile Monitoring
4 5 Environment Bay of Plenty 5..2 Moana Street (CCS 1) Discussion This site is located 7km from the Ohiwa Harbour entrance. Like CCS9, the photographic evidence shows that a significant landward beach position change has occurred along this section of the Spit. Faceted dune scarps exhibiting deficient vegetation growth along central Ohope Beach and Ohope Spit provide visual evidence of an actively eroding beach profile (Julian, 26). Investigation of the profile summary shows a landward retreat of the frontal dune at this site. This trend is supported by the MWHS plot showing a m horizontal range at a fixed elevation of 1.1m. The offshore profile record shows the seaward movement of sediment and the development of a sizable offshore bar. Dissipative beaches normal do not normally exhibit marked offshore bars but in this erosive state material could well be stored some distance offshore. Statistical analysis of the toe of foredune position and beach volume show strong negative sloped trends indicating a state of erosion for this site. As with CCS9, Gibb stated a long-term trend (19-199) of shoreline advance of approximately 65m, ranging from 5 to m for this section of beach. NERMN Beach Profile Monitoring Environmental Publication 27/
5 Environment Bay of Plenty 51 CCS 1 - Moana Street State: Erosion Location: NZMG 26716E 63562N Period of record: No. of profiles: 77 Morphodynamic type (Wright Short model): Dissipative Volume p-level. TOF p-level. Number of Profiles Seasonal Profile Distribution Summer Autumn Winter Spring 6 2 Beach Profile Summary MHWS position from Benchmark (elevation 1.1m) Range = 37m /3/9 11/12/96 15/3/6 Min Envelope Average Max Envelope Offshore Profile Summary //92 26/6/97 3//3 Volume and Toe of Foredune Summary y = -.36x R 2 = Distance from Front Benchmark (m) y = -.13x R 2 = Volume (m 3 /m) Volume TOF position Environmental Publication 27/ NERMN Beach Profile Monitoring
6 52 Environment Bay of Plenty 5..3 West End (CCS 11) Discussion This site is located m to the east of the Kohi Point headland. This section of Ohope Beach has a north-north east aspect. Steep cliffs shelter the beach from south and south easterly winds (Saunders, 1999). The photographic history shows a well vegetated low profile upper beach area. The 26 photograph shows the effects of several significant storms and the introduction of a number of exotic vegetation species. The profile summary shows the retreat of the frontal dune position. Most of this landward movement occurred during the three events listed in Table 3.1 (January 1996, December 1996 (Cyclone Fergus) and January 1997 (Cyclone Drena)). Not only was there a horizontal retreat measured, but also a significant reduction in beach elevation, as material was removed off the upper beach. The offshore profiles show no significant offshore bar (sand reservoir). When discounting the divergent 1992 profile (7 17m offshore) the remaining two profiles converge at -6m. The statistical analysis shows a significant retreat in the toe of foredune position. The volume record is markedly different for the period 1999 to 23 when there was significant vertical growth in the beach profile. The state proposed for this site is heading toward erosion. As with the other Ohope Beach sites, Gibb (199) when analysing an earlier period of record calculated a long-term trend (19-199) of shoreline advance of approximately 15m for this section of beach. NERMN Beach Profile Monitoring Environmental Publication 27/
7 Environment Bay of Plenty 53 CCS 11 - West End State: Erosion? Location: NZMG 2617E N Period of record: No. of profiles: 5 Morphodynamic type (Wright Short model): Dissipative Volume p-level.91 TOF p-level. Number of Profiles Seasonal Profile Distribution Summer Autumn Winter Spring Beach Profile Summary MHWS position from Benchmark (elevation 1.1m) Range = m /3/199 11/12/ /3/26 Min Envelope Average Max Envelope Offshore Profile Summary // /6/1997 3//23 Volume and Toe of Foredune Summary Distance from Front Benchmark (m) y = -.5x R 2 =.353 y = -.1x R 2 = Volume (m 3 /m) TOF position Volume Environmental Publication 27/ NERMN Beach Profile Monitoring
8 5 Environment Bay of Plenty NERMN Beach Profile Monitoring Environmental Publication 27/
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