Philippine Natural Hazards, Landforms and Water Forms

Transcription

1 Philippine Natural Hazards, Landforms and Water Forms

2 LEARNING OBJECTIVES: identify the major natural disasters in the country; evaluate the implications of different geographical features and changes to the livelihood, culture, politics and traditions of Filipinos; trace the location of major landforms and water forms using the Philippine map; and propose plausible actions to mitigate the negative effects of natural disasters and minimize activities that contribute to land and water pollution. 2

3 1. Natural Hazards in the Philippines (Water and Land-Based)

4 Natural Disasters major adverse event resulting from natural processes of the Earth 4

5 NATURAL DISASTERS: LANDSLIDE defined as the movement of a mass of rock, debris, or earth down a slope when a large slide occurs in an area of dense human habitation, large numbers of people can be killed can follow after one disaster occurs DEADLIEST LANDSLIDE: On February 17, 2006, the whole section of the mountain in Brgy. Guinsaugon, St. Bernard, Southern Leyte due to heavy rains and a minor earthquake. 5

6 LANDSLIDE PRONE AREAS 6

7 is a series of ocean waves created when an earthquake or other major disturbance displaces a large volume of water tsunamis can travel for thousands of miles often barely noticeable in deep ocean water, but as it approaches land and enters shallow water, the waves slow and increase in height DEADLIEST TSUNAMI: On about 10 minutes past midnight of August 17, 1976, a strong earthquake caused a tsunami and killed around 8, 000 people. NATURAL DISASTERS: TSUNAMI 7

8 TSUNAMI PRONE MAP 8

9 happens when lava, tephra and gas are discharged from a volcanic vent about 50 eruptions occur per year (worldwide_ occurs usually on active fault lines or on hotspots STRONGEST VOLCANIC ERUPTION: In June 1991, Mt. Pinatubo erupted and caused a temporary decrease in the global temperature. NATURAL DISASTERS: VOLCANIC ERUPTION 9

10 DEADLIEST VOLCANIC ERUPTION: In February 1814, Mt. Mayon erupted violently can caused the death of around 1, 200 people and destroyed the town of Cagsawa. NATURAL DISASTERS: VOLCANIC ERUPTION 10

11 ACTIVE VOLCANO MAP 11

12 any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through Earth s rocks can be caused by movement of Earth s plates, volcanism or human activities DEADLIEST EARTHQUAKE (WITHOUT TSUNAMI): On July 16, 1990, a 7.8 M earthquake damaged parts of Luzon and killed more than 1, 600 people. NATURAL DISASTERS: EARTHQUAKE 12

13 DISTRIBUTION OF ACTIVE FAULTS AND TRENCHES 13

14 CEBU PROVINCE 14

15 COMBINED RISK TO GEOPHYSICAL DISASTERS 15

16 GEOHAZARD MAP OF CEBU 16

17 1. Landforms in the Philippines What are the different landforms in the country?

18 ACT. 1 - Instructions: Analyze the question. Write your answer in not less than 7 sentences. (10 points) Content: Answer is appropriate to the question. Content is factually correct 8 points Organization: Clear sense of order. Begins with a thesis or topic sentence. Supporting points are presented in a logical progression. 2 points

19 1. What are the implications of landforms and water forms to the life of the Filipinos? 2. As a student, how will you promote the landforms and water forms of the country? Give concrete examples.

20 LANDFORM: MOUNTAIN stretch above the surrounding land in a limited area, usually in the form of a peak HIGHEST MOUNTAIN: Mt. Apo (2, 956 m) Davao del Sur and Cotabato 2 nd HIGHEST MOUNTAIN: Mt. Dulang-Dulang (2, 938 m) Bukidnon 20

21 LANDFORM: MOUNTAIN stretch above the surrounding land in a limited area, usually in the form of a peak HIGHEST MOUNTAIN IN LUZON: Mt. Pulag (2, 922 m) Benguet HIGHEST MOUNTAIN IN VISAYAS: Mt. Kanlaon/Canlaon Negros Oriental and Negros Occidental 21

22 LANDFORM: MOUNTAIN RANGE geographic area containing numerous geologically related mountains; series of mountains or hills ranged in a line and connected by high ground LONGEST MOUNTAIN RANGE: Sierra Madre (from Cagayan to Quezon) 22

23 LANDFORM: MOUNTAIN RANGE geographic area containing numerous geologically related mountains; series of mountains or hills ranged in a line and connected by high ground Cordillera Mountain Range (Abra, Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga and Mountain Province) Kitanglad Mountain Range (Bukidnon) 23

24 LANDFORM: VOLCANO a mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are being or have been erupted from the earth's crust MOST ACTIVE: Mayon Volcano - Albay 2 nd MOST ACTIVE: Taal Volcano Batangas 24

25 LANDFORM: VOLCANO a mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are being or have been erupted from the earth's crust Mt. Hibok-Hibok (left) and Mt. Vulcan (right), Camiguin Musuan Peak/ Mt. Calayo, Bukidnon 25

26 LANDFORM: VOLCANO a mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are being or have been erupted from the earth's crust Biliran Volcano, Biliran Mt. Banahaw, Laguna and Quezon 26

27 LANDFORM: PLATEAU is an area of highland, usually consisting of relatively flat terrain that is raised significantly above the surrounding area Bukidnon Plateau Benguet Plateau 27

28 LANDFORMS: PLAIN a large area of flat land that does not change much elevation Central Luzon Plain largest plain in the Philippines National Capital Region 28

29 LANDFORM: VALLEY a low area between hills or mountains, often with a river running through it; an elongate depression of the earth's surface usually between ranges of hills or mountains Cagayan Valley, Isabela and Cagayan Allah Valley, South Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat 29

30 LANDFORM: VALLEY a low area between hills or mountains, often with a river running through it; an elongate depression of the earth's surface usually between ranges of hills or mountains Trinidad Valley, Benguet 30

31 LANDFORM: PENINSULA is a piece of land that is bordered by water on three sides but connected to mainland Zamboanga Peninsula Bicol Peninsula 31

32 LANDFORM: HILL a usually rounded natural elevation of land lower than a mountain Chocolate Hills, Bohol Cassamata Hill, Abra Hills of Negros Occidental 32

33 1. Water Forms in the Philippines What are the different water forms in the country?

34 WATER FORM: BAY a recessed, coastal body of water that directly connects to a larger main body of water; usually smaller than a gulf body of water that has a wider opening than a gulf Manila Bay Baler Bay, Aurora 34

35 WATER FORM: BAY a recessed, coastal body of water that directly connects to a larger main body of water; usually smaller than a gulf body of water that has a wider opening than a gulf Panguil Bay, Misamis Occidental, Zamboanga del Sur and Lanao del Norte Butuan Bay, Agusan del Norte 35

36 WATER FORM: GULF large bay surrounded by land that resembles an arm of an ocean or a sea an area of sea surrounded on three sides by land Lingayen Gulf, Pangasinan and La Union Leyte Gulf Leyte, Southern Leyte, Eastern Samar, Samar and Dinagat Islands 36

37 WATER FORM: GULF large bay surrounded by land that resembles an arm of an ocean or a sea an area of sea surrounded on three sides by land Davao Gulf, Davao Region Moro Gulf largest gulf in the Philippines - ARMM, Region IX and XII 37

38 WATER FORM: LAKE area of variable size filled with water, localized in a basin, that is surrounded by land, apart from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake Laguna de Bay Rizal and Laguna; largest lake in the Philippines Lake Lanao Lanao del Sur; largest lake in Mindanao 38

39 WATER FORM: LAKE area of variable size filled with water, localized in a basin, that is surrounded by land, apart from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake Taal Lake - Batangas Lake Mainit Surigao del Norte and Agusan del Norte 39

40 WATER FORM: RIVER is a natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or another river Cagayan River - Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva Ecija, Quirino longest river in the Philippines Rio Grande de Mindanao - Region X, XII and ARMM 2 nd longest river in the Philippines 40

41 WATER FORM: WATERFALL place where water flows over a vertical drop or a series of steep drops in the course of a stream or river Maria Cristina Falls, Lanao del Norte Tinago Falls, Lanao del Norte 41

42 WATER FORM: WATERFALL place where water flows over a vertical drop or a series of steep drops in the course of a stream or river Aliwagwag Falls, Davao Oriental considered as the highest waterfalls Limunsudan Falls, Lanao del Norte 42

43 WATER FORM: WATERFALL place where water flows over a vertical drop or a series of steep drops in the course of a stream or river Pagsanjan Falls, Laguna Tinuy-an Falls, Surigao del Sur 43

44 WATER FORM: STRAIT a narrow passage of water connecting two seas or two large areas of water San Bernardino Strait Sorsogon and Northern Samar San Juanico Strait Leyte and (Western) Samar 44

45 WATER FORM: STRAIT a narrow passage of water connecting two seas or two large areas of water Tablas Strait Oriental Mindoro, Romblon, Marinduque and Aklan Tañon Strait Negros Oriental, Negros Occiental and Cebu 45

46 WATER FORM: CHANNEL a wide strait or waterway between two landmasses that lie close to each other Mactan Channel, Cebu Hilutangan Channel, Cebu 46

47 Credits Geography and Natural Resources of the Philippines by Salita (1990) Mountains-in-the-Philippines maps.html

48 Philippine Natural Hazards, Landforms and Water Forms