3D City Models. Lars Harrie, Per-Ola Olsson. Images borrowed from Hanna Stigmar, Viktoria Strömberg, Bo Mao and Ara Toomanian

Transcription

1 3D City Models Lars Harrie, Per-Ola Olsson Images borrowed from Hanna Stigmar, Viktoria Strömberg, Bo Mao and Ara Toomanian

2 1. Collection of 3D-data

3 Photogrammetry

4 Overlapping images Ideon Gateway I Ortofoto Flygbild Images from Lunds kommun

5 Overlapping images Ideon Gateway I Ortofoto Flygbild Images from Lunds kommun

6 Overlapping images Ideon Gateway I Ortofoto Flygbild Images from Lunds kommun

7 Photogrammetry point cloud Source: Lantmäteriet

8 UAV-images

9 Laser scanning methods Terrestrial laser scanning (Reshetyuk, 2009) Mobile laser scanning (WSP homepage) Airborne laser scanning (Lantmäteriet)

10 Airborne laser scanning

11 Inertial measurements Source: och

12 Point cloud Original Classified

13 Point cloud - Ideon Gateway Profile 3D view

14 Point denisty (here around 0,5-1 point/m2)

15 Point denisty (here around 100 point/m2)

16 Analyses of laser scanning data I

17 Analyses of laser scanning data II

18 2D-data and lidar data -> 3D city model

19 2D-data and lidar data -> 3D city model

20 2D-data and lidar data -> 3D city model

21 2. Representation of 3D-data

22 Boundary representation (B-rep) surface-based (Haidacher, 2011, s. 8)

23 3D array volume-based

24 Octree volume-based

25 Constructive solid geometry (CSG) volume-based (Haidacher, 2011, s. 26)

26 3D TIN (TEN tetrahedral network) volume-based (Abdul-Rahman & Pilouk, 2008, s. 36)

27 3. Formats of 3D-data

28 Visual presentation models

29 Semantic model, Gothenburg Källa: cityglm.org

30 Representation formats (semantic models) - Geometry - Topology - Semantics Visualisation formats - Geometry - Presentation

31 CityGML (representation) Common model for 3D urban objects 5 LoDs Mainly based on B-rep geometry representation Semantic information Used in several cities (especially in German and the Netherlands). Increasingly popular in Sweden. Perhaps there will be a Swedish version of CityGML quite soon

32 CityGML LoD LOD 0 Regional model - 2.5D Terrain model LOD 1 City/Site model - block model (can have roof structures) LOD 2 City/Site model - roof structures, textured LOD 3 City/Site model - detailed architecture model LOD 4 Interior model - architecture model, indoor

33 CityGML LoD LOD 0 Regional model - 2.5D Terrain model LOD 1 City/Site model - block model (can have roof structures) LOD 2 City/Site model - roof structures, textured LOD 3 City/Site model - detailed architecture model LOD 4 Interior model - architecture model, indoor

34 CityGML LoD LOD 0 Regional model - 2.5D Terrain model LOD 1 City/Site model - block model (can have roof structures) LOD 2 City/Site model - roof structures, textured LOD 3 City/Site model - detailed architecture model LOD 4 Interior model - architecture model, indoor

35 CityGML LoD LOD 0 Regional model - 2.5D Terrain model LOD 1 City/Site model - block model (can have roof structures) LOD 2 City/Site model - roof structures, textured LOD 3 City/Site model - detailed architecture model LOD 4 Interior model - architecture model, indoor

36 CityGML LoD LOD 0 Regional model - 2.5D Terrain model LOD 1 City/Site model - block model (can have roof structures) LOD 2 City/Site model - roof structures, textured LOD 3 City/Site model - detailed architecture model LOD 4 Interior model - architecture model, indoor

37 Examples of features in CityGML

38 CityGML text <bldg:buildingpart gml:id="_a2a7b e5a79e0532b0b5b0add0d"> <core:creationdate> t16:19:21.000</core:creationdate> <gen:stringattribute name="citygml_storeysaboveground"> <gen:value>1</gen:value> </gen:stringattribute> <gen:stringattribute name="citygml_yearofconstruction"> <gen:value>1910</gen:value> </gen:stringattribute> <bldg:class>woonfunctie</bldg:class> <bldg:lod1solid> <gml:solid srsname="epsg:7415" srsdimension="3"> <gml:exterior> <gml:compositesurface> <gml:surfacemember> <gml:polygon> <gml:exterior> <gml:linearring> <gml:poslist> </gml:posList> </gml:linearring>

39 Industry Foundation Classes IFC (representation) Common model for buildings Standard to use in several countries in Europe

40 IFC (representation) #78909= IFCWALL('1ZSMBLVPIHGP1irZQzi243',#15,'IV 04',$,$,#78840,#78905,'637162D5-7D C-D636BDB02103'); #78913= IFCRELASSOCIATESMATERIAL('3bYpGqYKsLWMhQRJsAhtGk',#15,$,$,(#78909),#17161); #78916= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('Renovation Status',$,IFCLABEL('Existing'),$); #78917= IFCPROPERTYSET('1dVezKgIhRP_7IRCEVNFOM',#15,'AC_Pset_RenovationAndPhasing',$,(#78916)); #78919= IFCRELDEFINESBYPROPERTIES('1vHESeV7FYIYcvUmLeEXLz',#15,$,$,(#78909),#78917); #78923= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('LoadBearing',$,IFCBOOLEAN(.T.),$); #78924= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('IsExternal',$,IFCBOOLEAN(.F.),$); #78925= IFCPROPERTYSET('1XR2OVObVq9tEvKo0cI5jG',#15,'Pset_WallCommon',$,(#78923,#78924)); #78927= IFCRELDEFINESBYPROPERTIES('1_V2_afv7XF$C7nRYR$sXg',#15,$,$,(#78909),#78925);

41 IFC to CityGML Created by Perola Olsson

42 IFC to CityGML Ifc-model LOD2 - solid LOD2 multisurface Created by Perola Olsson

43 3. Applications of 3D city models

44 3D Cadastre Andrée, Pålsson, Paasch, Seipel et al., 2017

45 Urban planning Ljungblom et al. (2017)

46 The building permit process Perola Olsson Får Jag Lov? - project Josefine Axelsson

47 3D analyses