Status and Roadmap. Dr. Thomas H. Kolbe Dr. Gerhard Gröger. Institut für Kartographie und Geoinformation, Uni Bonn Lehrstuhl für Geoinformation

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1 Institut für Kartographie und Geoinformation, Uni Bonn Lehrstuhl für Geoinformation CityGML Status and Roadmap Dr. Thomas H. Kolbe Dr. Gerhard Gröger November 2005 Institute for Cartography and Geoinformation, Univ. of Bonn Prof. Dr. Lutz Plümer, Chair of Geoinformation

2 CityGML Overview CityGML = GML3 Application Schema / Profile for virtual 3D City Models Representation of 3D Topography application independent; multifunctional explicit modelling of Geometry, Topology, Semantics, and Appearance multiscale model (5 distinct levels of detail) intended to represent 3D geo base data Finished testbed with 6 cities (Berlin, Hamburg,...) Growing support by 3D GIS / 3D Geo DB T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/2005 2

3 GDI NRW and the SIG 3D Geodata Infrastructure North Rhine-Westphalia founded in 1999 by the state government more than 100 institutions organized in 6 Special Interest Groups very active in the OGC (WPOS, WCTS, GML3) Special Interest Group 3D (SIG 3D) open group with >70 active members; 2 working groups from industry, government, municipalities and academia participants from all over Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and UK aims: interoperable visualization Web 3D Service and exchange of 3D geodata CityGML T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/2005 3

4 SIG 3D members (excerpt) Municipalities Berlin Hamburg Cologne Düsseldorf Bremen Essen Leverkusen Wuppertal Bochum Stuttgart Administration State surveying agencies Companies T-Mobile Bayer Industry Services Rheinmetall 3D Geo CPA Geoinformation Con Terra GTA Geoinformatik GIStec Inpho Citygrid (AT) CyberCity (CH) Snowflake (UK) Science Univ. of Bonn Univ. of Hamburg Univ. of Potsdam Univ. of Hannover Univ. of Dortmund Univ. of Münster Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics, Darmstadt Research center Karlsruhe Univ. of Applied Sciences Stuttgart T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/2005 4

5 3D City Models Multifunctional Use SI, University of Stuttgart IfGI, University of Münster IKG, University of Bonn T-Mobile Germany Rheinmetall Defence Electronics Sony Corporation T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/2005 5

6 Unified 3D city model Aim: Common Ontology for 3D city models ongoing development in SIG 3D since May 2002 Content / Entities: Digital Terrain Model / Relief Sites - Buildings - Bridges - Tunnels - Walls - Landfills - Excavations Transportation objects - Streets - Railways Water bodies Vegetation objects City furniture - e.g. street lights, traffic lights, benches T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/2005 6

7 Multi-scale modelling: 5 level of details LOD 0 Regional model 2.5D Digital Terrain Model LOD 1 City / Site model block model w/o roof structures LOD 2 City / Site model textured, differenciated roof structures LOD 3 City / Site model detailed architecture model LOD 4 Interior model walkable architecture models T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/2005 7

8 Thematic Schema: UML Diagram <<FeatureCollection>> CityModel <<Feature>> _CityObject ExternalReference - informationsystem: anyuri - externalreference: ExternalObjectReferenceType _Transportation Objects _City Furniture CityObject Group _Water Bodies _Site Complex Relief lod1geometryproperty lod2geometryproperty Geometry _Vegetation lod3geometryproperty T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/2005 8

9 External references Telecomm. DB Cadastral DB Facility Management System Every object (part) may have references to corresponding objects in external databases Connection with external information, e.g.: building: link to cadastre, owner's contact information door, antenna: link to facility management systems T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/2005 9

10 Site Model _CityObject _Site Excavation _Abstract Building Tunnel Wall Bridge Building Complex T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

11 Building Model in LoD1: UML Diagram 0..1 _AbstractBuilding + function: BuildingFunction[0..*] + yearofconstruction:integer[0..1] + rooftype: RoofType[0..1] + measuredheigth: LengthType[0..1] lod1geometry Property Solid Geometry 0..* BuildingPart 1 0..* Building Address + zipcode: int + city: String + street: String + housenumber: String Implemented in in CityGML using the the xnal standard from from OASIS T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

12 LoD1 LoD2 _CityObject Building Model in LoD2 _AbstractBuilding + function: BuildingFunction[0..*] + yearofconstruction:integer[0..1] + rooftype: RoofType[0..1] + measuredheigth: LengthType[0..1] lod1solidproperty lod2solidproperty lod2surfaceproperty lod2lineproperty lod2terrain IntersectionCurve Solid Geometry Surface Geometry Line Geometry _BoundarySurface lod2surfaceproperty Roof Wall Ground ClosureSurface T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

13 Terrain Intersection Curve (TIC) Interface between 3D objects and the terrain ensure matching of object textures with the DTM DTM may be locally warped to fit the TIC T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

14 Closure Surfaces Seal open 3D objects in order to be able to compute their volumes T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

15 LoD1 LoD2 LoD3 LoD4 Building Model in LoD3 & LoD4 Building Characteristic Building Furniture interior exterior interior interior Room _Abstract Building lod3geometryprop. lod4geometry Property lod4geometryproperty Solid Geometry Opening Window Door GroupOf Rooms _BoundarySurface lod4geometryproperty lod3geometryprop. Surface Geometry Ceiling Room Wall Floor Roof Wall Ground Closure Surface T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

16 Exterior Shell Opening (Window) Building in LoD4 Roof Wall Ceiling Room wall Room Floor Ground Room wall Opening (Door) T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

17 Room Building in LoD4 Interior Model Topology implies an Accessibility Graph Back room Passage (w/o door) Living room GroupOf Rooms Entrance door Hallway Doorway (with door) T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

18 Deriving LOD4 models from IFC IFC Model Current research of Benner, Geiger, Leinemann Helmholtz Research Center Karlsruhe T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

19 Deriving LOD4 models from IFC IFC Model Derived CityGML object Current research of Benner, Geiger, Leinemann Helmholtz Research Center Karlsruhe T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

20 Digital Terrain Models DTM for each Level of Detail can be composed of TINs (Triangulated Irregular Network), Grids, 3D Breaklines, and 3D Mass Points Each DTM component may be restricted to be valid in a specific region by providing a validity extent polygon detailed TIN coarse Grid Validity extent polygon can have holes which allow nested DTMs! T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

21 Digital Terrain Model: UML Diagram City Model LoD0 LoD4 Complex Relief Validity Extent Relief + name: String[0..1] TIN Grid Breaklines MassPoints Triangle Surface Geometry Line Geometry Point Geometry T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

22 LoD1 from LoD2 Transportation Objects gml:_gml +name[0..*]: String CityModel * * CityObject ExternalReference Track Road Railway _TransportationObject TransportationComplex + function[0..*] Square AuxillaryTrafficArea + function[0..*] + surfacematerial[0..1] gml:_surface LoDXGeometry, x in {1..4} TrafficArea + function[0..*] + usage[0..*] + surfacematerial[0..1] T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

23 Example: Transportation Model in LoD2 Traffic Area Traffic Area Traffic Area Auxillary Traffic Areas Road T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

24 Water Bodies gml:_gml +name[0..*]: String CityModel * * CityObject ExternalReference Ocean FlowingWater StagnantWater WaterBody + function[0..*] LoDXSolid Geometry, x in {1..4} LoD0Curve Geometry gml:solid gml:multicurve WaterSurface + waterlevel[0..1] * * * GroundSurface ClosureSurface LoDXGeometry, x in {1..4} gml:_surface LoDXGeometry, x in {1..4} T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

25 Illustration of a Water Body WaterSurface Water Closure Surface WaterBody GroundSurface T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

26 Mapping to GML3 GML3 offers no textured surfaces Class TexturedSurface as an extension of GML3 class OrientableSurface Texture / appearance parameters from X3D No explicit representation of topology in V1.0 Simple profile (easier for readers), like in the German cadastre standard ALKIS / NAS Topological profile in the future Usage of GML3 Dictionaries & Code lists for enumerative attributes (-> user definable) T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

27 GDI NRW Pilot 3D Phase 2 First testbed for CityGML 07/ /2005 Aim: Interoperable access to / exchange of 3D city models Realization of CityGML readers / writers and a visualization tool by different partners Roundtrip evaluation (crosswise data exchange) 6 Project groups (each consisting of municipalities, software manufacturers, and academia): Cities: Berlin, Hamburg, Cologne, Düsseldorf, Leverkusen, Recklinghausen, Erkelenz Universities: Bonn, Dortmund, Braunschweig, Freiberg; Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Darmstadt GIS software companies from Germany T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

28 CityGML Status Data Model: Buildings, DTM, Traffic Objects, Water Bodies complete Vegetation not yet complete Street Furniture, Bridges, Tunnels to be specified in detail (Partial) implementations: LandXPlorer (3dgeo) CityServer 3D (GIStec / FhG IGD) SupportGIS (CPA Geo-Information) Tridicon (GTA Geoinformatik) GoPublisher (Snowflake Software UK) Aristoteles GML3 Viewer (IKG Uni Bonn) Open Source Framework Deegree (lat/lon, in preparation) 3D Geo DB of the cities Berlin & Bonn (IKG Uni Bonn, in prep.) T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/

29 Further information & demo datasets: Roadmap Aim: Reach a version 1.0 by the end of 2005 New: CityGML project within EuroSDR. Phase 1: Translate and distribute documents, schemas & datasets Bring together interested parties within EuroSDR Prepare, distribute & evaluate questionnaire Proposal for Standardization within OGC / Testbed? Plans beyond V1.0 Dynamic features Multiple versions / Time Prototypes; Constructive Solid Geometry? Employment of GML3 topology package T. H. Kolbe: CityGML, OGC TC Meeting Bonn 11/