Detroit 516 Activities

Transcription

1 Detroit 516 Activities Dam Capacity Study Sediment Workshop in Traverse City START 2.0 Saginaw River Study

2 Dam Capacity Study A progress report

3 Outline Study Objective (Why are we doing this?) Reservoir Sedimentation Rates 1. USGS sediment gage 2. Bathymetric comparison 3. Coring and dating sediment 4. Numerical modeling Rockwell Dam Preliminary Results Extrapolation to other dams in series Anthropogenic component in reservoir sediment Regression model and extrapolation to entire GL basin Publications

4 Study Team U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Detroit Wayne State University Civil and Environmental Engineering Dept Geology Dept

5 Why are we doing this? Sediment Yield Dredging Missing and order of magnitude of sediment!

6 Selecting Representative Reservoirs 10 Selected

7 Reservoir Sedimentation Rates Methods 1. USGS sediment gage 2. Bathymetric comparison 3. Coring and dating sediment 4. Numerical modeling

8 Great Lakes Sediment Yield Curve Lake Rockwell x

9 Sediment Passing Dam Sed in = Sed out

10 Sediment Passing Dam Sed in Sed out ~ 0

11 Sediment Passing Dam Sed in Sed out ~ 0

12 Sediment Passing Dam Sed in Sed out 0 d(sed out ) dt

13 Sediment Passing Dam Sed in = Sed out

14 Sediment Passing Dams Dams in Series

15 Anthropogenic Component in Reservoir Sediment Once calibrated, timevarying landuse will be input to SWAT Natural sediment loadings determined from Pre-European settlement data Percent Ag mapped for each county in pilot watersheds and input to calibrated SWAT

16 Multi-Variable Linear Regression Model Identify key variables than can be used to predict sediment yield, storage, and delivery for current conditions and extrapolate to entire Great Lakes Percent agricultural Clay content Basin Slope Dam density Dam network topology (parallel vs. series) Soil erodibility factor from SSURGO Parameters identified in the sensitivity analysis

17 Publications Masters Thesis - Sediment Yield and Dam Capacity in the Great Lakes Watershed - Methods Analysis Eric Anderson 2012 Masters Thesis Methods for estimating sediment yield in the Great Lakes Watershed - Jennifer Hui 2014 Masters Thesis Jena Hage-Hassan 2015 J. P. Selegean, T. Dahl, C. Creech, C. Miller, M. Baskaran and M. Riedel. Sediment yield in the Great Lakes basin, USA. J. of Geomorphology. In prep. Babakhani, F., C. Miller, J.P. Selegean, J. Barkach, M. Sadatiyan and T. Dahl. Estimate of the Sediment Trapping Rates of Two Reservoirs in the Lake Erie Watershed: Lake Rockwell and Ballville Dam Impoundments, Ohio. J. of Hydrology. In Prep. Kumar, A., J. Hage-Hassan, M. Baskaran, C.J. Miller, J.P. Selegean and C. Creech. Multiple sediment cores from reservoirs are needed to reconstruct recent watershed changes from stable isotopes ( 13 C and 15 N) and C/N ratios: case studies from the mid-western United States, Journal of Paleolimnology June 2016 Baskaran, M., C. Miller, A. Kumar, E. Andersen, J.P. Selegean, C. Creech and J. Barkach. Journal of Great Lakes Research. Sediment Accumulation Rates and Sediment Dynamics Using Five Different Methods in a Well-constrain Dam: Case Study from Riley Dam, Michigan. Journal of Great Lakes Research Selegean, J.P. and J. Barkach. Society of American Military Engineers Detroit Post meeting. Sediment Yield and Dam Capacity in the Great Lakes. Feb Miller, C., E. Anderson, C. Creech, M. Baskaran, J.P. Selegean and J. Hui. International Association of Great Lakes Research Conference, Cornwall, ON, Canada. Anthropogenic impacts on sediment production in Great Lakes watersheds. May Anderson, E., J. Hanselman, J. Hui, C. Miller, J.P. Selegean, M. Baskaran, C. Creech and S. McElmurry. MI H2Objectives Conference, Detroit, MI. Sediment yield and dam capacity in the Great Lakes watershed. Oct Baskaran, M., A. Kumar, R. Heichel, C. Miller, J.P. Selegean and C. Creech. International Association of Great Lakes Research Conference, Cornwall, ON, Canada. Reservoir capacity and sediment loading investigations: Implications for dam removal. May Kumar, A., M. Baskaran, C. Miller, E. Anderson, J.P. Selegean and C. Creech. International Association of Great Lakes Research Conference, Cornwall, ON, Canada. Sediment dynamics in three dams in Michigan and Indiana using excess Pb-210 and Cs-1378 as chronometers. May Baskaran, M., A. Kumar, R. Heichel, C. Miller, J.P. Selegean and C. Creech. International Association of Great Lakes Research Conference, Cornwall, ON, Canada. Reconstruction of landuse changes using carbon and nitrogen isotopes in sediment cores from dams in Michigan. May 2012.

18 Conclusions Coming August 2016!

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20 Questions?

21 US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District Interpreting Sediment Class Traverse City July 25 to July 29, 2016 Great Lakes Hydraulics and Hydrology Office

22 US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District Course Overview Day 1 - Glacial Sediment Day 2 - Fluvial and Pond Sediment Day 3 - Aeolian Sediment Day 4 - Coastal Deposits Day 5 - Modern Sediment Sources

23 US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District Glacial Outwash Sediment

24 US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District Drumlin Sediment

25 US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District Gravel Pit Deposits

26 US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District Winery in Drumlin Field

27 US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District Reservoir Sediment

28 US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District Reservoir Sediment

29 US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District Fluvial Sediment

30 US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District Dune Sediment

31 US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District Beach Trench and Box Core

32 US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District Vibracore Beach Ridges

33 US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District GPR of Beach Ridges

34 Modern Sediment Sources US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District

35 US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District Cost = $200 See Mike Schneider to register

36 Evaluating the Significance of Wetland Restoration Scenarios on Phosphorus Removal in Saginaw River Watershed PI: Pouyan Nejadhashemi MSU Biosystems US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District US Army Corps of Engineers Detroit District

37 Objectives 1) Examine P. and sediment loading pre and post GLRI 2) Evaluating wetlands impact on P. reduction at subbasin and watershed level 3) Providing a decision making guideline for wetlands implementation based on reduction and cost criteria

38 Study Area Saginaw River Watershed Largest HUC-6 in Michigan Drains to Lake Huron 13,831 stream segments Area of Concern by EPA Potential wetland restoration sites were obtained from the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) Figure 1. Study area (a) and wetland restoration potentials (b)

39 Modeling Process Physiographical and climate data were used to develop SWAT model. SWAT simulates streamflow and phosphorus load on daily basis. SUSTAIN was used to evaluate wetlands phosphorus removal. SUSTAIN outputs were routed into SWAT for watershed level evaluation. Figure 2. Modeling process flowchart

40 SWAT Model Calibration/Validation Streamflow: Calibration: Validation: Total Phosphorus: Figure 3. Monitoring sites Calibration:

41 SWAT Model Calibration/Validation o NSE > 0.5 is satisfactory o -25% < PBIAS < +25% is satisfactory for streamflow o RSR < 0.7 is satisfactory USGS Stations Calibration ( ) Validation ( ) NSE PBIAS (%) RSR NSE PBIAS (%) RSR Table 1- Streamflow calibration/validation summary

42 SWAT Model Calibration/Validation o NSE > 0.5 is satisfactory o -55% < PBIAS < +55% is satisfactory for sediment o -70% < PBIAS < +70% is satisfactory for nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus) USGS station ( ) Sediment Total N Table 2- Phosphorus calibration/validation summary Calibration ( ) Validation ( ) NSE PBIAS (%) RSR NSE PBIAS (%) RSR Total P orsr < 0.7 is satisfactory SWAT model is calibrated for streamflow, sediment, total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads

43 Wetland Implementation Scenarios o Subbasins larger than 8 ha (20 acre) with the highest wetland restoration potential were used (2,293 subbasins). o Four wetlands (2, 4, 6 and 8 ha) with depth of 0.3 m (1ft) were implemented one at the time. o SUSTAIN was used for wetlands implementation evaluation at subbasin level (4*2,293 runs = 9,172). o SWAT was used to route SUSTAIN outputs into watershed (4*2,293 runs = 9,172). o Phosphorus reductions were measured for 10 years (Oct Sep. 2009) Figure 4. Subbasins used for wetland implementation

44 Results Figure 5. Percentage of phosphorus reduction at subbasin level for wetland size of a) 2 ha, b) 4 ha, c) 6 ha and d) 8 ha

45 Results Figure 6. Percentage of phosphorus reduction at watershed outlet for wetland size of a) 2 ha, b) 4 ha, c) 6 ha and d) 8 ha

46 To Do: Perform comparisons for pre/post GLRI project implementation Sediment and P. Determine Phosphorous/Sediment Optimized Wetland placement A Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method called VIKOR is suggested. VIKOR can be used for complex decision-making problems with conflicting criteria

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