GEO GRA P HICAL RESEA RCH

Transcription

1 GEO GRA P HICAL RESEA RCH Vol124, No15 Sept1, , 2, 2, 1, 3 (11, ; 21, ; 31, ) :,,, GIS,,,, : ; ; ; GIS : (2005) ,, ( EMS), EU RE KA (M EMbrain) ( DRS), [1 3 ],, [4 7 ],, 1911, 2942km 2, , 512, 26, 35, 1997 GIS, GIS,,, [ 8,9 ] : ; : : ( 2001BA601B ) ; 2003 (2003 Y039) ; (105205) : (19642),,, 1984

2 GIS, 1 : ;, ; 1 GIS Fig11 Flow chart of the quakeproof GIS system, ( 2) ARCGIS, A RCGIS GEODA TABASE,,,,,, :,,,,,

3 5 : GIS Fig1 2 The structure of the quakeproof GIS system 3 GIS,, ( ),, GIS, GIS GIS [10 ]

4 752 24,, 311,,, [ 11,12 ], X A M,,, Arc GIS,,,,,,,,, [ 13 ], 1900, ,, : I = a + bm + cln ( R + R0 ), R0 : : I a = M ln ( D + 20) Ia = : Ib = M ln ( D + 14) Ib = 01493, I, M, R, a b c, R0 312,, : A Pi = j Pji S j S S = S j j, A Pi i (1 5 ), S j, S 313, GIS, [14,15 ],, 314, : ( ) ( ),, :

5 5 : 753 L j = Qbj 5 1 bi + Qhj 5 Pi hi Pi, L j ; Qbj, Qbj = ( 900 / m 2, 500 / m 2 ) ; Qhj, Qhj = ( 1000 / m 2, 3, 5, 1518m 2 ) ; ; bi h i, 1 1 Tab1 1 The ratio between architecture and chamber property ( %) ( %) ( %) ( %) ( %) (71 5) (25) (60) (90) (71 5) (25) (55) (85) (6) 8-35 (211 5) (521 5) (85) (30) (73) 1 Pi,,,,, [16,17 ] 315 [10 ] : P j3 S j P j4 S j P j5 S j N dead = N j j j p D3 + D4 + D5 S S S, N p, S j, S, Pj3 Pj4 Pj5, D3 D4 D5,, 1/ ( D3 ) 1/ 1000 ( D4 ) 60 ( ; D5 ), 4, 30 (1) : dn ( I) = A 1 d1 + A 2 d2 + A 3 d3 + A 4 d4 + A 5 d5 : dn ( I) 1/ I ; A 1 5 D1 5 ; d1 5 D1 5, ; ( / ) (2) : hn ( I) = A 1 d1 1 + A 2 d2 2 + A 3 d3 3 + A 4 d4 4 + A 5 d5 5 : hn ( I) I ; A 1 5 D1 5 ; d1 5 D1 5, ; (3) : ln ( I) = 1 a A 5 + A A 3 - dn ( I) : ln ( I) I ; 1 a (m 2 ) ; A 5 3 D5 D4 D3 (m 2 ) ; dn ( I) I, (1)

6 , 618, 3,, 5 : 6 10, 3 Fig13 The analysis of the earthquake influence scene 2,,,,,, 5 ( 4) ;, 4, Fig14 The damage of buildings 2 Tab12 The situation of economic forecasting and casualty simulation

7 5 : 755, 8, 0 011, , , , , , , ;,,,, 5,,,,,,, GIS,,,,,,, : [ 1 ] Gao Yunxue1 Suggestions on how to reduce eart hquake disasters on living buildings in villages and towns of China1 Chinese Science Abstract s Series B, 1995,14 (3) :60. [ 2 ] Yin Zhiqian1 Content of analysing eart hquake losses in city and t he process of countermeasures decision2making for disaster Mitigation1 Chinese Science Abstracts Series B,1995,14 (3) :60. [ 3 ] Shabestari, Khosrow T, Yamazaki Fumio, Saita J un,et al1 Estimation of t he spatial distribution of ground motion parameters for two recent eart hquakes in Japan1 Tectonophysics,2004,390 (1-4) : [ 4 ], 1 1, 2004, (6) : [ 5 ] 1 1, 2004 (1) : [ 6 ],,, 1 1,2003,19 (4) : [ 7 ],,, 1 1 :,2001. [ 8 ],,, 1 1 :,2001. [ 9 ] Keilis2Borok,Vladimir, Ismail2Zadeh, et al1 Non2linear dynamics of t he lit hosphere and intermediate2term eart h2 quake prediction1 Tectonophysics, 2001,338 (3-4) : [10 ] Japanese seismic rehabilitation of concrete buildings after the Hyogoken2Nanbu Earthquake1 Cement and Concrete Composites, 2000,22 (1) : [ 11 ] Three dest ructive inland eart hquakes in t he central2western Yamaguchi Prefecture, sout hwest Japan and accompa2 nied stress changes to t heir adjacent fault s1 Engineering Geology, 2002,66 (1-2) : [ 12 ], 1 1 :,1991. [ 13 ], 1 1,1990,10 (1). [ 14 ],, 1 1 :,1994. [ 15 ], 1 1 :,1993. [ 16 ], 1 1 :,2002. [ 17 ],1 1,2000.

8 Design of the seismic disaster prediction and emergency simulating system and its application : taking emergency system in Yongan city as a case WEI Fu2quan 1, L IU Gao2huan 2, YAO Xin 2, CA I Zong2wen 1, HON G Wei 3 ( 11 Seismological Bureau of Fujian Province, Fuzhou ,China ; 21 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing , China ; 31 Jiujiang Environmental Protection Bureau,Jiujiang , China) Abstract :Urban eart hquake prevention and disaster alleviation is one of t he important fac2 tor s which imp rove t he abilit y of nat ural disaster p reventio n in t he areas where eart h2 quakes may occur frequently1 Combining with the p ractice of constructing urban informa2 tion management systems for anti2eart hquake and seismic hazard reduction in Yongan City of Fujian Province,t his paper not only discusses the mat hematic models of eart hquake pre2 ventio n and disaster alleviatio n, but also analyses t he critical techniques of model integra2 tion1 In addition,a seismic hazard prediction and emergency simulation system was estab2 lished based o n GIS for seismic risk evaluatio n,vulnerabilit y analysis of buildings,estima2 tion of casualty and economic loss, search and rescue management1 GIS has notable advan2 tages for spatial analysis and grap hic display1 We can predict t he influence of eart hquake in virt ue of many seismic mat hematic models, such as t he model of vulnerability analysis of buildings, estimation of casualty and economic loss, t he influence of epicentrum1 By GIS and relevant model s,we can identif y t he coverage of eart hquake which can directly affect t he p recision of final result1 It is believed t hat t he lo ss of eart hquake depends on t he inten2 sity of t he earthquake1 Certainly,it is true1 In t he mathematic models,the scale and t he di2 rection of seismic grade affect the distribution range of ellip se1 Anot her factor is also very important, that is t he quality of buildings,which are affected by t he materials, years and stories of a building1 According to t he result t hat leads to the formation of t he models, we can take p roper measures to reduce hazard before eart hquake1 The p ractical applicatio n of t he system shows t hat it can not only intensify the weakness in urban eart hquake p reven2 tion according to the analysis of seismic hazard prediction result,but also provide auxiliary informatio n for disaster affected area s decisio n2making and quick respo nse1 Therefo re, t he co mp rehensive abilities for urban eart hquake p reventio n and disaster alleviatio n are im2 p roved evidently1 Key words :eart hquake ; seismic hazard ; emergency ; prediction ; GIS