Preliminary Earthquake Risk Management Strategy Plan of Eskisehir, Turkey by using GIS
|
|
- Kory Parrish
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Preliminary Earthquake Risk Management Strategy Plan of Eskisehir, Turkey by using GIS Metin Altan, Ferah Özturk and Can Ayday Space and Satellite Sciences Research Institute Anadolu University, TURKEY Eskisehir, Turkey SUMMARY Earthquake risk is defined as the product of hazard and vulnerability studies. The main aims of earthquake risk management are to make plans and apply those for reducing human losses and protect properties from earthquake hazards. Eskisehir, which is one the biggest urban area, is located in the northwest part of middle Anatolia. The population of the urban area is above half million and it is under the affect of North Anatolian Active Fault. In 1956, an earthquake of magnitude 6.4 took place close to urban area (approximately 15 kms) and caused deaths, injuries and produced serious damage to several structures. Natural risk managers are studying to identify and manage the risk from an earthquake for these highly populated urban areas. They want to put some strategic plans for this purpose. Risk managers need some input about these kinds of studies. Some input for preparation of earthquake risk management strategy plans were tried to find in this study. Tectonic settings, seismicity of the area were studied and magnitudes of historical earthquakes were used to predict the probability of occurrence of major earthquakes. After obtaining the critical earthquake magnitude, the study concentrated on the field data for providing soil dynamic properties. Number of measures are employed to characterise the earthquake s affects in the soil of studied area. Maximum horizontal peak ground acceleration was provided for the area. It is seen that soil property change from place to place. The soil classification map, which indicates soil properties, was prepared. In addition to these outputs, which can be used as an input for strategy plans, some critical properties and lifelines like natural gas lines, interchanges and schools have been indicated on the map. Geographic Information System (GIS) was used for the realisation of damage and loss estimation analyse in this part of the study. The earthquake risk manager can use these outcomes and plans as input for their own studies. KEYWORDS: Earthquake hazard, risk management, vulnerability, GIS INTRODUCTION It is known that, approximately 20 % of the world s population are living in seismically active zones. In 50 years time, half of the urban people in the world s 50 largest cities will live within 200 km of faults that are known to produce earthquakes of Richter magnitude 7 or greater (Tucker et al., 1994). Furthermore, 90 % of that population will be in risk the developing countries. It is also obvious that, socio-economic development of the countries has led to increase of losses due to natural disasters like earthquake. The aims of risk management are making a project and put some strategies to reduce not only human losses but also protect properties, lifelines, etc. due to earthquakes. It is seen that, when the number of unknowns and uncertainties increases in any study, the degree of risk increases dependently. It is known that, it is not easy to prepare an earthquake risk management plans of any urban area due to high number of input parameter needed. The goal of risk management is to identify the risk of the study and develop strategies to reduce them. So, the goal of risk management should be to move uncertainty away from risk and move towards opportunity (Wideman, 1992). The risk manager or the person who works 7 th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science 29 April-1May 2004, Heraklion, Greece Parallel Session 1.2- Decision Support Systems/Risk Management I 83
2 for this study must use all necessary information for making the right decision. The result will have perfect outcomes which we can make predictions with a high degree of confidence and low uncertainty. Earthquake risk management methodology is composed of by the integration of two different studies. Earthquake hazard analysis is one of them, which provides information on engineering geology, geomorphology, tectonics, seismicity and soil conditions. These data are used to compute the potential for ground motion and ground failure. Historical earthquake records were used to determine the seismotectonic property of the region. Regional tectonics of the region was studied to predict the type and source location of the earthquake. Dynamic soil property of the studied area, like peak ground acceleration was calculated by using attenuation functions. Using conic penetration test (CPT) results does classification of the soil according to soil type. Vulnerability investigations were done in the second stage. Only limited number of infrastructures and lifelines were included in this study. These critical facilities which are included in this study are major roads, interchanges, railroads, main streets, main natural gas lines, schools, hospitals, governmental buildings. Influences of these infrastructures and lifelines due to the earthquake-induced soil with the proposed earthquake magnitude were analysed in the form of GIS database and maps. The length and area attributes of each property were calculated. The earthquake risk manager can use these outcomes and maps as input for their more detailed studies. The use of GIS allows fast and convenient handling of large data files. The incorporation of GIS techniques especially for risk management study is strongly recommended for these kinds of studies. STUDIED AREA The city of Eskisehir is situated in the northwest of Middle Anatolian. With more than half million population, it is one of the biggest cities of Turkey located between Ankara and Istanbul railroad (as illustrated by figure 1). If you look at it from the seismic view, it is less than 100 kms. to the Figure 1: The location maps of the studied area. North Anatolian Fault (NAF), this is known as one of the most famous active faults like San Andreas. It is defined as sister of San Andreas in some books and articles. In 1956, an earthquake of magnitude 6.4 according to Richter scale took place very close to Eskisehir (approximately 15 km. west of it) and caused deaths, injuries and gave serious damages to several structures. Eskisehir faced with deaths, injuries and 84
3 serious damages during the last 1999 Marmara Earthquake, which had a magnitude of 7.4. One of the subsidiary faults of NAF, was named as Eskisehir Active Fault also passes just south part of the urban area (as illustrated by figure 2). All these facts indicate Eskisehir is located in seismically active zone in Turkey. Figure 2: Tectonic situation of Eskisehir region (NAF is located on the north) SEISMIC HAZARD ANALYSIS One integrated part of earthquake risk management study is seismic hazard analysis. As it is mentioned above, the degree of uncertainty increases risk value in the earthquake studies. These uncertainties are mostly found around the size, time and location of future earthquakes. Seismic hazard analyses involve the quantitative estimation of ground-shaking hazards at particular site. Seismic hazards may be analysed deterministically, as when a particular earthquake scenario is assumed, or probabilistically, in which uncertainties in earthquake size, location, and time occurrence are explicitly considered (Kramer, 1996). Deterministic analysis was selected for this study and nearly historical seismic records of the earthquakes were used. The historical records have extended from year 2001 to The map coordinates of these records were located on digital map (as illustrated by figure 3). Figure 3: Historical earthquake epicenters around the studied area. 85
4 All earthquake sources which are capable of producing significant ground motion at the site have selected (as illustrated by figure 4). The distance between the source zones and the studied area were measured and the strongest level of shaking which influence the interested site was selected. Level of shaking was assumed to characterise by the peak horizontal ground acceleration (PGA). Appropriate attenuation relationships were used and effective PGA value was calculated for the interested area. Eskisehir Fault Zone that is defined as a line type source was selected as a major source for the studied area. The magnitude of the major source that would be effect the area in the future was determined. The earthquake magnitude 6.4 was selected according to Richter scale and g as a PGA, ground motion parameter for this analysis. Figure 4: Selected earthquake sources areas for seismic hazard analyse. CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS Metamorphic, ultramafic and Miocene aged sedimentary rocks bound Eskisehir on the north and south. Porsuk River flows between these high-elevated mountains from west to east and on the graben type valley. Most of the Eskisehir urban area is built on Quaternary aged soils around Porsuk River. These are the youngest sedimentary deposits of the region. The thickness of alluvial deposit is around 25 to 30 m. The average depth of water table is 3 m in the middle of the valley and close to the river and goes deeper towards to the mountains. The alluvial deposits and rock boundaries are bounded by normal and lateral faults. The soils mainly consist of sand, silt and clay. Sand layers can be seen at 5 m and 7 m depths with a thickness 1-3 m. Silt and clay layers repeat themselves till that sand predominant location. Average shear wave velocity was recorded around 200 m s -1. The soils of the studied area were classified according to their expected response to shaking from earthquakes. Liquefaction is used as the most important earthquake-induced soil failure, which would be expected for this study. Liquefaction potential map was prepared by using GIS techniques and drilling logs from ordinary drilling and CPT data. Iwasaki et. al. (1982) procedure was used for the preparation of liquefaction potential map. The soils of the interested area are classified into three groups according to the liquefaction potential due to shaking from earthquake. Group I, indicates an area which has very high probability of liquefaction at the proposed earthquake magnitude and PGA value. Group II, indicates high liquefaction potential but not much like Group I. The last group is Group III, and shows very low liquefaction potential. Old alluvium observed as cemented gravel, sand and silt was considered as rock in this study (as illustrated by figure 5). 86
5 Figure 5: Earthquake liquefaction potential map of the studied area VULNERABILITY INVETIGATIONS Vulnerability is defined (Blaikie et al., 1994) as the characteristics of a person or group that affect their capacity to anticipate, cope with, resist and recover from the impact of a natural hazard. The degree of vulnerability is defined by factors such as socio-economic status, wealth, ethnicity, gender, disability and age. Vulnerability is one of the major parameters used for loss estimation studies. Loss estimation is defined a very useful tool for developing preparedness plan and for promoting seismic risk mitigation. This study must be done before the earthquake happens. It is not easy to estimate the earthquake damage and loss. Data collection is the biggest difficulty that researchers could face with. Nowadays, with the advance of information technology, it is easy to overcome the difficulties in data collection. In addition to that, development in computer technology and software about GIS can help to identify and manage risk for earthquakes. The old models have been based on conventional type maps and making visual analyses on them. It was impossible to overlay more than five thematic maps and make a decision about the problem by the conventional methodology. Today, unlimited number of even different scaled digital maps can be used at the same time by using GIS. In the application of vulnerability investigation, a significant effort goes into building inventory data. Generally, inventory data are structured into two classes. Occupancy class data provides information on the use and function of the building environment. The second class provides engineering construction types of similar damage potential for each construction (e.g. concrete, masonry, wood, etc.). In this study, occupancy type classification is used for vulnerability investigation. But only hospitals, schools, factories, gas stations and governmental buildings were selected as critical facilities. Railroads, roads, interchanges, main streets were defined as transportation facilities and natural gas line as a lifelines. All these elements were digitised for a GIS environment as lines and polygons. Some of them were attributed, if any information about them could be obtained. Overlay analysis was applied by using each element layer with liquefaction potential map of the interested area. An example of this overlay analyse is seen in the figure 6. The areal extend of very high probability of liquefied areas in the liquefaction potential map, which defined as Group I were calculated 857 hectares ( m 2 ). The areas and lengths of critical facilities for earthquake risk management studies were measured (as illustrated by table 1). It was concluded that, 12 hospital buildings, 10 schools, 10 factories and 90 governmental buildings were under the danger of earthquake hazard. The total area of governmental buildings, which would be effected by the earthquake, is around m 2. More than m length main natural gas line exists into this risky area. 87
6 Figure 6: Overlapped result of very high probability of liquefied areas and some critical facilities for earthquake risk management. Table 1: Inventory data of some critical facilities for earthquake risk management Facilities Number of facility Area (m 2 ) Length (m) Hospital School Factory 10 - Gas station 6 - Governmental build Railroads Highways Natural gas line CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS It is concluded that, many critical utilities, lifelines are under the influence of earthquake hazard in the liquefiable zone of the studied area. Approximately hospitals have m 2, schools have m 2 and governmental buildings have m 2 areal coverage in the very high liquefiable soil. These facilities must be taken into consideration as soon as possible due to earthquake hazards. Railroads, highways and natural gas lines are also passed into this soil zone. More detailed earthquake risk management studies must be put into action in this region. These kind of studies can provide city planners and emergency risk managers key information on potential damages and losses to buildings, critical utilities and transportation systems. City planners, risk managers can use these outcomes and make their strategic plans according to these results. Development in softwares like GIS will increase the developments in loss estimation tools. This developments will influence the race of earthquake risk mitigation in the highly populated urban areas. 88
7 BIBLIOGRAPHY Blaikie, P., Cannon, T., Davis, I. and Wisner, B., 1994 At Risk: Natural Hazards, People s Vulnerability and Disasters, Rootledge, London and Newyork. Iwasaki, T. and others, 1982, Microzonation for Soil Liquefaction Potential Using Simplified Methods, Third International Earthquake Microzonation Conference Proceedings, USA, vol.3, pp Kramer, S.L., 1996 Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, pp 653. Tucker, B.E., Erdik, M. and Hwang, C.N., 1994 Issues in Urban Earthquake Risk, NATO ASI Series, Series E: Applied Sciences, Vol. 271, Kluwer, Dordrecht, Boston and London. Wideman, R.M., 1992 Project and Program Risk Management, A Guide to Managing Project Risk and Opportunities, A Publication of the Project Management Institute, Four Campus Boulevard Newtown Square, Pennsylvania USA, ISBN
Comparison of CPT Based Liquefaction Potential and Shear Wave Velocity Maps by Using 3-Dimensional GIS
Comparison of CPT Based Liquefaction Potential and Shear Wave Velocity Maps by Using 3-Dimensional GIS Muammer Tün, Uğur Avdan, Metin Altan, Can Ayday Anadolu University, Satellite and Space Sciences Research
More informationCHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY
32 CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 3.1 GENERAL In 1910, the seismological society of America identified the three groups of earthquake problems, the associated ground motions and the effect on structures. Indeed
More informationSURFACE GEOLOGY AND LIQUEFACTION SUSCEPTIBILITY IN THE INNER RIO GRANDE VALLEY NEAR ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO
SURFACE GEOLOGY AND LIQUEFACTION SUSCEPTIBILITY IN THE INNER RIO GRANDE VALLEY NEAR ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO Keith I. Kelson, Christopher S. Hitchcock, and Carolyn E. Randolph William Lettis & Associates,
More informationInterpretive Map Series 24
Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Interpretive Map Series 24 Geologic Hazards, and Hazard Maps, and Future Damage Estimates for Six Counties in the Mid/Southern Willamette Valley Including
More informationREAL-TIME ASSESSMENT OF EARTHQUAKE DISASTER IN YOKOHAMA BASED ON DENSE STRONG-MOTION NETWORK
REAL-TIME ASSESSMENT OF EARTHQUAKE DISASTER IN YOKOHAMA BASED ON DENSE STRONG-MOTION NETWORK Saburoh MIDORIKAWA 1 And Susumu ABE 2 SUMMARY This paper describes a system for REal-time Assessment of earthquake
More informationCurrent Landscape of Spatial Decision Support Systems (SDSS) and Software Applications for Earthquake Disaster Management in Turkey
Presented at the FIG Congress 2018, May 6-11, 2018 in Istanbul, Turkey Current Landscape of Spatial Decision Support Systems (SDSS) and Software Applications for Earthquake Disaster Management in Turkey
More informationEarthquake Hazards in Douglas County
Earthquake Hazards in Douglas County Craig M. depolo Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Nevada Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee August 9, 2012 Earthquake Truths The consequences of bad earthquakes
More informationInvestigation of Liquefaction Behaviour for Cohesive Soils
Proceedings of the 3 rd World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering (CSEE 18) Budapest, Hungary April 8-10, 2018 Paper No. ICGRE 134 DOI: 10.11159/icgre18.134 Investigation of Liquefaction
More informationSCENARIO DESIGN ON THE IMPACT OF A HIGH-MAGNITUDE EARTHQUAKE IN THE CITY OF LIMA, PERU
SCENARIO DESIGN ON THE IMPACT EARTHQUAKE IN THE CITY OF LIMA, Methodology Determination of the characteristics of the probable earthquake (magnitude, intensity, acceleration). Seismic geotechnical soil
More informationBorah Peak Earthquake HAZUS Scenario Project Executive Summary Idaho Bureau of Homeland Security Idaho Geological Survey Western States Seismic
Borah Peak Earthquake HAZUS Scenario Project Executive Summary Idaho Bureau of Homeland Security Idaho Geological Survey Western States Seismic Policy Council 12/30/2008 The HAZUS-MH analysis of the Borah
More informationEarthquake Hazards in Henderson
Earthquake Hazards in Henderson Craig M. depolo Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Nevada Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee November 15, 2012 Earthquake Truths The consequences of bad earthquakes to
More informationENGINEERING-SEISMOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF EARTHQUAKE SCENARIO DEVELOPMENT ON THE EXAMPLE OF TASHKENT, UZBEKISTAN
International Journal of Geology, Earth & Environmental Sciences ISSN: 2277-281 (Online) 218 Vol. 8 (2) May-August, pp. 3-35/Alixanovich ENGINEERING-SEISMOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF EARTHQUAKE SCENARIO DEVELOPMENT
More informationDowntown Anchorage Seismic Risk Assessment & Land Use Regulations to Mitigate Seismic Risk
Prepared for: The Municipality of Anchorage Planning Department and the Geotechnical Advisory Commission Downtown Anchorage Seismic Risk Assessment & Land Use Regulations to Mitigate Seismic Risk Prepared
More informationINTRODUCTION. Climate
INTRODUCTION Climate Landslides are serious natural disasters in many parts of the world. Since the past 30 years, rainfall triggered landslides and debris flows had been one of the natural disasters of
More informationGEOLOGY, SOILS, AND SEISMICITY
4.9 GEOLOGY, SOILS, AND SEISMICITY 4.9.1 Introduction Information about the geological conditions and seismic hazards in the study area was summarized in the FEIR, and was based on the Geotechnical Exploration
More informationEARTHQUAKE HAZARD ASSESSMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN
EARTHQUAKE HAZARD ASSESSMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN Dr Ilaria Mosca 1 and Dr Natalya Silacheva 2 1 British Geological Survey, Edinburgh (UK) imosca@nerc.ac.uk 2 Institute of Seismology, Almaty (Kazakhstan) silacheva_nat@mail.ru
More informationApplication of a GIS for Earthquake Hazard Assessment and Risk Mitigation in Vietnam
Application of a GIS for Earthquake Hazard Assessment and Risk Mitigation in Vietnam Nguyen Hong Phuong Earthquake Information and Tsunami Warning Centre, VAST OUTLINE Introduction Fault Source Model and
More informationStudy area (this section is not numbered in the manuscript) The study area section were numbered as 1.1 in the revised manuscript.
Reviewers comments are given in bold font, our responses are written in normal font, and quotations from the revised manuscript are provided in italic font. the authors make an improper use of some technical
More informationIV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS G. GEOLOGY AND SOILS
IV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS G. GEOLOGY AND SOILS The following section is a summary of the geotechnical report conducted for the proposed project. The Report of Geotechnical Investigation Proposed
More informationGeographic Information Systems
Geographic Information Systems What is a Geographic Information System (GIS)? definition of GIS - An internally referenced, automated, spatial information system for data mapping, management, and analysis
More informationLIQUEFACTON HAZARD ZONATION OF ALLUVIAL SOIL IN SAITAMA CITY, JAPAN
Paper No. LHZPO LIQUEFACTON HAZARD ZONATION OF ALLUVIAL SOIL IN SAITAMA CITY, JAPAN Rama Mohan POKHREL 1 Jiro KUWANO 2, Shinya TACHIBANA 3 ABSTRACT Soil Liquefaction is one of the most devastating geotechnical
More informationPROTECTING MONUMENTS AND HISTORICAL SETTINGS FROM THE NEXT EARTHQUAKE
PROTECTING MONUMENTS AND HISTORICAL SETTINGS FROM THE NEXT EARTHQUAKE R.PAPADHMHTRIOU, L.PELLI EUROPEAN CENTER OF PREVENTING & FORECASTING OF EARTHQUAKES Confronting the problem SEISMIC RISK R SEISMIC
More informationAPPLICATIONS OF EARTHQUAKE HAZARD MAPS TO LAND-USE AND EMERGENCY PLANNING EXAMPLES FROM THE PORTLAND AREA
APPLICATIONS OF EARTHQUAKE HAZARD MAPS TO LAND-USE AND EMERGENCY PLANNING EXAMPLES FROM THE PORTLAND AREA O. Gerald Uba Metro, Portland, Oregon OVERVIEW The extent to which we understand "below ground"
More informationPROBABILISTIC LIQUEFACTION HAZARD ANALYSIS IN JAPAN
SECED 2015 Conference: Earthquake Risk and Engineering towards a Resilient World 9-10 July 2015, Cambridge UK PROBABILISTIC LIQUEFACTION HAZARD ANALYSIS IN JAPAN Tetsushi KURITA 1 and Sei ichiro FUKUSHIMA
More informationOverview of Seismic PHSA Approaches with Emphasis on the Management of Uncertainties
H4.SMR/1645-29 "2nd Workshop on Earthquake Engineering for Nuclear Facilities: Uncertainties in Seismic Hazard" 14-25 February 2005 Overview of Seismic PHSA Approaches with Emphasis on the Management of
More informationHAZUS-MH: Earthquake Event Report
HAZUS-MH: Earthquake Event Report Region Name: El Paso County Earthquake Scenario: El Paso County Random EQ Print Date: February 08, 2006 Disclaimer: The estimates of social and economic impacts contained
More informationDeterministic Seismic Hazard Assessment of Quetta, Pakistan
Deterministic Seismic Hazard Assessment of Quetta, Pakistan M.A. Shah Micro Seismic Studies Programme, Islamabad, Pakistan Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan M.
More informationGeo-hazard Potential Mapping Using GIS and Artificial Intelligence
Geo-hazard Potential Mapping Using GIS and Artificial Intelligence Theoretical Background and Uses Case from Namibia Andreas Knobloch 1, Dr Andreas Barth 1, Ellen Dickmayer 1, Israel Hasheela 2, Andreas
More informationThe UN-GGIM: Europe core data initiative to encourage Geographic information supporting Sustainable Development Goals Dominique Laurent, France
INSPIRE conference Strasbourg 6 September 2017 The UN-GGIM: Europe core data initiative to encourage Geographic information supporting Sustainable Development Goals Dominique Laurent, France Introduction
More informationEarthquake Hazard Analysis Methods: A Review
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science PAPER OPEN ACCESS Earthquake Hazard Analysis Methods: A Review To cite this article: A M Sari and A Fakhrurrozi 2018 IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ.
More informationGeology 229 Engineering Geology Lecture 27. Earthquake Engineering (Reference West, Ch. 18)
Geology 229 Engineering Geology Lecture 27 Earthquake Engineering (Reference West, Ch. 18) Earthquake Engineering 1. General introduction of earthquakes 2. Seismic Hazards 3. Strong ground motion Exactly
More informationTo estimate damage ratios of water and gas distribution pipes, fragility curves were empirically obtained based on damage datasets after the 1995 Kobe
Proceedings of the 9th U.S. National and 10th Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering Compte Rendu de la 9ième Conférence Nationale Américaine et 10ième Conférence Canadienne de Génie Parasismique
More informationEarthquakes. & Expansive Soils
Earthquakes & Expansive Soils January 22, 2009 Plan Update Flanagan & Associates, LLC Consultants Tulsa, OK www.rdflanagan.com rdflanagan@rdflanagan.com Plan can be reviewed at: www.rdflanagan.com/.html
More information2014 Summer Training Courses on Slope Land Disaster Reduction Hydrotech Research Institute, National Taiwan University, Taiwan August 04-15, 2014
Final Project Report 2014 Summer Training Courses on Slope Land Disaster Reduction Hydrotech Research Institute, National Taiwan University, Taiwan August 04-15, 2014 Landslides in Mt. Umyeon Susceptibility
More informationGuidelines for Site-Specific Seismic Hazard Reports for Essential and Hazardous Facilities and Major and Special-Occupancy Structures in Oregon
Guidelines for Site-Specific Seismic Hazard Reports for Essential and Hazardous Facilities and Major and Special-Occupancy Structures in Oregon By the Oregon Board of Geologist Examiners and the Oregon
More information14 Geotechnical Hazards
Volume 2: Assessment of Environmental Effects 296 14 Geotechnical Hazards Overview This Chapter provides an assessment of the underlying geotechnical conditions to identify: any potential liquefaction
More informationImportant Concepts. Earthquake hazards can be categorized as:
Lecture 1 Page 1 Important Concepts Monday, August 17, 2009 1:05 PM Earthquake Engineering is a branch of Civil Engineering that requires expertise in geology, seismology, civil engineering and risk assessment.
More informationWord Cards. 2 map. 1 geographic representation. a description or portrayal of the Earth or parts of the Earth. a visual representation of an area
Name: Date: Hour: Word Cards 1 geographic representation a description or portrayal of the Earth or parts of the Earth Example: A map is a representation of an actual location or place. 2 map a visual
More informationDAMAGE ANALYSIS OF WATER SUPPLY PIPES DUE TO THE 2004 NIIGATA-KEN CHUETSU, JAPAN EARTHQUAKE ABSTRACT
Proceedings of the 8 th U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering April 18-22, 2006, San Francisco, California, USA Paper No. 1163 DAMAGE ANALYSIS OF WATER SUPPLY PIPES DUE TO THE 2004 NIIGATA-KEN
More informationMULTI-HAZARD RISK ASSESSMENT AND DECISION MAKING
MULTI-HAZARD RISK ASSESSMENT AND DECISION MAKING JULINDA KEÇI Epoka University Logo of the institution CONTENT: Introduction Multi Hazard Risks Multi-Hazard Risk Assessment Quantitative Assessment Event
More informationY. Shioi 1, Y. Hashizume 2 and H. Fukada 3
Y. Shioi 1, Y. Hashizume 2 and H. Fukada 3 1 Emeritus Professor, Hachinohe Institute of Technology, Hachinohe, Japan 2 Chief Engineer, Izumo, Misawa, Aomori, Japan 3 Profesr, Geo-Technical Division, Fudo
More informationSIMPLIFIED METHOD IN EVALUATING LIQUEFACTION OCCURRENCE AGAINST HUGE OCEAN TRENCH EARTHQUAKE
October 12-17, 28, Beijing, China SIMPLIFIED METHOD IN EVALUATING LIQUEFACTION OCCURRENCE AGAINST HUGE OCEAN TRENCH EARTHQUAKE ABSTRACT : N. Yoshida 1, S. Sawada 2 and S. Nakamura 3 1 Professor, Dept.
More information3D Seismic Hazard and Risk Maps for Earthquake Awareness of Citizens with Aids of GIS and Remote Sensing Technologies
3D Seismic Hazard and Risk Maps for Earthquake Awareness of Citizens with Aids of GIS and Remote Sensing Technologies Saburoh Midorikawa Tokyo Institute of Technology In Japan, seismic hazard and risk
More informationPROTECTING MONUMENTS AND HISTORICAL SETTINGS FROM THE NEXT EARTHQUAKE
PROTECTING MONUMENTS AND HISTORICAL SETTINGS FROM THE NEXT EARTHQUAKE E. PAPADIMITRIOU & L. PELLI EUROPEAN CENTER OF PREVENTING & FORECASTING OF EARTHQUAKES Confronting the problem SEISMIC RISK R SEISMIC
More informationNPTEL Online - IIT Kanpur. Course Name Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering. Department IIT Kanpur
NPTEL Online - IIT Kanpur Course Name Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering Department Instructor Civil Engineering Department IIT Kanpur Prof. N.R. Patra Module 1 INTRODUCTION TO GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
More informationGeology, Soils, and Seismicity
Section 3.8 Geology, Soils, and Seismicity Introduction This section generally evaluates the effects of the alternatives analyzed in this Supplemental DEIS with regard to geology, soils and seismicity.
More informationENSURE. Coordinator: Hormoz MODARESSI Website:
ENSURE Coordinator: Hormoz MODARESSI h.modaressi@brgm.fr Website: http://ensureproject.eu/ The project is financed by the European Commission under the 7th Framework Programme for Research and Technological
More informationAnalysis Of Earthquake Records of Istanbul Earthquake Rapid Response System Stations Related to the Determination of Site Fundamental Frequency
Analysis Of Earthquake Records of Istanbul Earthquake Rapid Response System Stations Related to the Determination of Site Fundamental Frequency A. C. Zulfikar, H. Alcik & E. Cakti Bogazici University,Kandilli
More informationFLOOD HAZARD AND RISK ASSESSMENT IN MID- EASTERN PART OF DHAKA, BANGLADESH
FLOOD HAZARD AND RISK ASSESSMENT IN MID- EASTERN PART OF DHAKA, BANGLADESH Muhammad MASOOD MEE07180 Supervisor: Prof. Kuniyoshi TAKEUCHI ABSTRACT An inundation simulation has been done for the mid-eastern
More informationIV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS E. GEOLOGY AND SOILS
IV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS E. GEOLOGY AND SOILS INTRODUCTION This section evaluates potential impacts related to geology, including seismicity, and soils associated with development of the proposed
More informationInterpretive Map Series 24
Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Interpretive Map Series 24 Geologic Hazards, Earthquake and Landslide Hazard Maps, and Future Earthquake Damage Estimates for Six Counties in the Mid/Southern
More informationStudents will be able, using GIS, to locate the largest and most destructive earthquakes;
Exploring Earthquake Hazards with GIS Laboratory for Introduction to Geophysics, Spring 2007 Prof. Constantin Cranganu Brooklyn College of the City University of New York Learning Objectives: Students
More informationFLOOD HAZARD MAPPING OF DHAKA-NARAYANGANJ-DEMRA (DND) PROJECT USING GEO-INFORMATICS TOOLS
FLOOD HAZARD MAPPING OF DHAKA-NARAYANGANJ-DEMRA (DND) PROJECT USING GEO-INFORMATICS TOOLS Md. Aminul Islam MEE07178 Supervisor: Prof. Kuniyoshi TAKEUCHI ABSTRACT Dhaka-Narayanganj-Demra (DND) Project is
More informationSeismic Analysis of Structures Prof. T.K. Datta Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi. Lecture 03 Seismology (Contd.
Seismic Analysis of Structures Prof. T.K. Datta Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi Lecture 03 Seismology (Contd.) In the previous lecture, we discussed about the earth
More informationHawke s Bay Liquefaction Hazard Report - Frequently Asked Questions
Hawke s Bay Liquefaction Hazard Report - Frequently Asked Questions What is liquefaction? Liquefaction occurs when an earthquake shakes up water-logged sediments. As a result, the soil behaves like a liquid
More informationPREDICTION OF AVERAGE SHEAR-WAVE VELOCITY FOR GROUND SHAKING MAPPING USING THE DIGITAL NATIONAL LAND INFORMATION OF JAPAN
th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C., Canada August -6, 00 Paper No. 07 PREDICTION OF AVERAGE SHEAR-WAVE VELOCITY FOR GROUND SHAKING MAPPING USING THE DIGITAL NATIONAL LAND INFORMATION
More informationLSN a new methodology for characterising the effects of liquefaction in terms of relative land damage severity
van Ballegooy, S., Lacrosse, V., Jacka, M. & Malan, P. (2013) Proc. 19 th NZGS Geotechnical Symposium. Ed. CY Chin, Queenstown LSN a new methodology for characterising the effects of liquefaction in terms
More informationIV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS E. GEOLOGY AND SOILS
IV. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS E. GEOLOGY AND SOILS The following section is a summary of the geotechnical report conducted for the Proposed Project. The Geotechnical Engineering Investigation (the
More informationLandslide analysis to estimate probability occurrence of earthquakes by software ArcGIS in central of Iran
Research Journal of Recent Sciences ISSN 2277-2502 Res.J.Recent Sci. Landslide analysis to estimate probability occurrence of earthquakes by software ArcGIS in central of Iran Abstract Hamid Reza Samadi
More informationHomework Assignment II. Seismological Exercises Fall 2014
Page 1 of 8 EENS 3050 Tulane University Natural Disasters Prof. Stephen A. Nelson Homework Assignment II. Seismological Exercises Fall 2014 This page last updated on 03-Sep-2014 Answer the following questions.
More informationEarthquake Hazards in Washoe County
Earthquake Hazards in Washoe County Craig M. depolo Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Nevada Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee August 13, 2013 Earthquake Truths The consequences of damaging earthquakes
More informationM 7.1 EARTHQUAKE 5KM ENE OF RABOSO, MEXICO EXACT LOCATION: N W DEPTH: 51.0KM SEPTEMBER 19, 1:14 LOCAL TIME
M 7.1 EARTHQUAKE 5KM ENE OF RABOSO, MEXICO EXACT LOCATION: 18.584 N 98.399 W DEPTH: 51.0KM SEPTEMBER 19, 2017 @ 1:14 LOCAL TIME Photo: Eduardo Verdugo / AP Photo: Alfredo Estrella/ Agence France-Presse/
More informationSeth J. Wittke Wyoming State Geological Survey
Seth J. Wittke Wyoming State Geological Survey Project initiation Data manipulation Scenarios Creating the IMS Lessons learned County-wide block level probabilistic models created in 2004 for state mitigation
More informationThe Seattle-area geologic mapping project and the geologic framework of Seattle
The Seattle-area geologic mapping project and the geologic framework of Seattle Troost, K.G., D.B. Booth, S.A. Shimel, and M.A. O Neal, Univ. of Washington, Seattle 98195 Introduction The Puget Lowland
More informationComparison between predicted liquefaction induced settlement and ground damage observed from the Canterbury earthquake sequence
Power, P.M. & Jacka, M. (2013) the Canterbury earthquake sequence Proc. 19 th NZGS Geotechnical Symposium. Ed. CY Chin, Queenstown Comparison between predicted liquefaction induced settlement and ground
More informationSeismic Response Analysis of selected sites in Wenxian urban area, China
Seismic Response Analysis of selected sites in Wenxian urban area, China Y. Lu, K. Liu & Q. Li Earthquake Administration of Gansu Province (Key Laboratory of Loess Earthquake Engineering, CEA),China Y.
More informationSetting MOUNTAIN HOUSE NEIGHBORHOODS I AND J INITIAL STUDY 5. ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLIST 6. GEOLOGY AND SOILS. Issue
Issue Less Than Significant or No Impact Potential Significant Impact Adequately Addressed in MEIR MEIR Required Additional Review: No Significant Impact Less Than Significant Impact Due to Mitigation
More informationCOMPREHENSIVE GIS-BASED SOLUTION FOR ROAD BLOCKAGE DUE TO SEISMIC BUILDING COLLAPSE IN TEHRAN
COMPREHENSIVE GIS-BASED SOLUTION FOR ROAD BLOCKAGE DUE TO SEISMIC BUILDING COLLAPSE IN TEHRAN B. Mansouri 1, R. Nourjou 2 and K.A. Hosseini 3 1 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Emergency Management, International
More informationSome relevant issues in landslide risk assessment
Geohazards Technical, Economical and Social Risk Evaluation A FIRST-ORDER SECONDMOMENT FRAMEWORK for PROBABILISTIC ESTIMATION of VULNERABILITY to LANDSLIDES Some relevant issues in landslide risk assessment
More informationSeismic vulnerability in Latinamerica Speaker: Rafael Osiris de León Sciences Academy of Dominican Republic.
Seismic vulnerability in Latinamerica Speaker: Rafael Osiris de León Sciences Academy of Dominican Republic. IANAS GENERAL ASSEMBLY Punta Cana, 16-20 July, 2013 TECTONIC PLATES AND EARTHQUAKES Pacific
More informationSeismic hazard analysis and microzonation of Coimbatore Corporation
Indian Journal of Geo Marine Sciences Vol.46 (11), November 2017, pp. 2207-2214 Seismic hazard analysis and microzonation of Coimbatore Corporation K E Viswanathan 1 & K Elangovan 2 1 Department of Civil
More informationPROCEEDINGS PIT IAGI YOGYAKARTA 2012 The 41 st IAGI Annual Convention and Exhibition
EG-25 COMPARING QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE METHOD TO DETERMINE EARTHQUAKE SUSCEPTIBILITY LEVEL AT KULON PROGO, YOGYAKARTA by: Deasy Rimanda Cahyaningtyas (1), Prof. Dr. Kirbani Sri Brotopuspito (2) Salahuddin
More informationStudents will be able, using GIS, to locate the largest and most destructive earthquakes;
Exploring Earthquake Hazards with GIS Laboratory for Introduction to Geophysics, Spring 2007 Prof. Constantin Cranganu Brooklyn College of the City University of New York Learning Objectives: Students
More informationSEISMIC HAZARD ANALYSIS. Instructional Material Complementing FEMA 451, Design Examples Seismic Hazard Analysis 5a - 1
SEISMIC HAZARD ANALYSIS Instructional Material Complementing FEMA 451, Design Examples Seismic Hazard Analysis 5a - 1 Seismic Hazard Analysis Deterministic procedures Probabilistic procedures USGS hazard
More informationSEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN ARMENIA
SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT IN ARMENIA Hovhannes Khangeldyan Head of National Crisis Management Center Rescue Service Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Armenia Tokyo, 2016 ARMENIA: GEOGRAPHICAL
More informationDEVELOPING A TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR EVACUATION OF BUILDUP AREAS IN CASE OF EARTHQUAKE "CASE STUDY"
DEVELOPING A TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR EVACUATION OF BUILDUP AREAS IN CASE OF EARTHQUAKE "CASE STUDY" Osama A. Abaza Associate Professor, Civil Engineering Dept., University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage,
More informationImpact : Changes to Existing Topography (Less than Significant)
4.2 Land Resources 4.2.1 Alternative A Proposed Action Impact 4.2.1-1: Changes to Existing Topography (Less than Significant) Development of the project site would involve grading and other earthwork as
More informationESTIMATION OF LANDFORM CLASSIFICATION BASED ON LAND USE AND ITS CHANGE - Use of Object-based Classification and Altitude Data -
ESTIMATION OF LANDFORM CLASSIFICATION BASED ON LAND USE AND ITS CHANGE - Use of Object-based Classification and Altitude Data - Shoichi NAKAI 1 and Jaegyu BAE 2 1 Professor, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
More informationEvaluation of the Liquefaction Potential by In-situ Tests and Laboratory Experiments In Complex Geological Conditions
Evaluation of the Liquefaction Potential by In-situ Tests and Laboratory Experiments In Complex Geological Conditions V. Sesov, K. Edip & J. Cvetanovska University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Institute of
More informationSeismic Hazard Switzerland. When, where, and how often does certain shaking occur in Switzerland?
Seismic Hazard Switzerland When, where, and how often does certain shaking occur in Switzerland? Hazard The hazard map shows where and how often certain incidents of horizontal acceleration are likely.
More information4. Geotechnical and Geological Aspects. 4.1 Geotechnical Aspects
4. Geotechnical and Geological Aspects 4.1 Geotechnical Aspects A preliminary reconnaissance of the geotechnical conditions of Duzce, Kaynasli, and Bolu urban areas was done during the Turkey Expedition
More informationSTATUS OF HAZARD MAPS VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTS AND DIGITAL MAPS
JapanInternational Cooperation Agency STATUS OF HAZARD MAPS VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTS AND DIGITAL MAPS ANGUILLA REPORT THE CARIBBEAN DISASTER EMERGENCY RESPONSE AGENCY () Table of Contents Page Preface
More informationDisaster Risk Reduction in Survey for Seismic Protection of MES
Survey for Seismic Protection Ministry of Emergency Situations of Republic of Armenia Disaster Risk Reduction in Survey for Seismic Protection of MES Syuzanna Kakoyan Leading specialist at the Department
More informationLandslide Hazard Assessment Methodologies in Romania
A Scientific Network for Earthquake, Landslide and Flood Hazard Prevention SciNet NatHazPrev Landslide Hazard Assessment Methodologies in Romania In the literature the terms of susceptibility and landslide
More informationUsually, only a couple of centuries of earthquake data is available, much shorter than the complete seismic cycle for most plate motions.
Earthquake Hazard Analysis estimate the hazard presented by earthquakes in a given region Hazard analysis is related to long term prediction and provides a basis to expressed hazard in probabilistic terms.
More informationImpacts of Climate Change and Water-Related Disaster Reduction Management in the Asia-Pacific Region
Impacts of Climate Change and Water-Related Disaster Reduction Management in the Asia-Pacific Region Katumi MUSIAKE Professor, Fukushima University Secretary General, Asia Pacific Association of Hydrology
More informationPerception of Earthquake Risk and Postdisaster
Perception of Earthquake Risk and Postdisaster Reconstruction: Comparative Study of Two Residential Neighborhoods on Different Socio-economic Status in Tehran Seyed Ali Badri University of Tehran, sabadri@ut.ac.ir
More informationSeismic hazard expression in risk assessment
Earthquae Resistant Engineering Structures VI 299 Seismic hazard expression in ris assessment X.-X. Tao 1, 2, Z.-R. Tao 2 & P. Li 1 1 Harbin Institute of Technology, People s Republic of China 2 Institute
More informationTsukuba, Japan International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering Building Research Institute STUDY TRIP TO ITAKO CITY
Tsukuba, Japan International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering Building Research Institute STUDY TRIP TO ITAKO CITY A Technical Report By MARTINEZ BRAVO Delvin Abdiel (MEE10515) Disaster
More informationGIS in Weather and Society
GIS in Weather and Society Olga Wilhelmi Institute for the Study of Society and Environment National Center for Atmospheric Research WAS*IS November 8, 2005 Boulder, Colorado Presentation Outline GIS basic
More information"The Natural Disasters, like The Sumatra Tsunami had taught us before -BUT" U Than Myint President Myanmar Engineering Society
"The Natural Disasters, like The Sumatra Tsunami had taught us before -BUT" U Than Myint President Myanmar Engineering Society Present Day Regional Tectonic Setting of South East Asia Tsunami-generated
More information5. Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) proposed by C.A. Cornell (1968) used to determine the design earthquake for all locations in USA. PSHA gives a relative quantification i of the design earthquake,
More informationSource:
Source: http://www.pastforward.ca/perspectives/columns/10_02_05.htm At 16:53, on Wednesday, January 12th, 2010, a devastating 7.0 earthquake struck Haiti's capital, Port-au-Prince. The earthquake left
More informationIn the early morning hours of
Figure 1. Brace that Chimney! Bracing of masonry chimneys is very difficult to do properly and has generally been ineffective in preventing their failure during earthquakes. While replacement of the chimney
More informationEarthquakes. Earthquake Magnitudes 10/1/2013. Environmental Geology Chapter 8 Earthquakes and Related Phenomena
Environmental Geology Chapter 8 Earthquakes and Related Phenomena Fall 2013 Northridge 1994 Kobe 1995 Mexico City 1985 China 2008 Earthquakes Earthquake Magnitudes Earthquake Magnitudes Richter Magnitude
More informationSite Effects on Amplification of Earthquke in Southwest of Tehran
Site Effects on Amplification of Earthquke in Southwest of ehran Amir Mohammadi Vala and Reza Alaghebandian MSc of Geotechnical Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan,
More informationLiquefaction induced ground damage in the Canterbury earthquakes: predictions vs. reality
Bowen, H. J. & Jacka, M. E. () Proc. th NZGS Geotechnical Symposium. Ed. CY Chin, Queenstown Liquefaction induced ground damage in the Canterbury earthquakes: predictions vs. reality H J Bowen & M E Jacka
More informationA METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED LANDSLIDE RISK. Agency for the Environmental Protection, ITALY (
A METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED LANDSLIDE RISK Roberto W. Romeo 1, Randall W. Jibson 2 & Antonio Pugliese 3 1 University of Urbino, ITALY (e-mail: rwromeo@uniurb.it) 2 U.S. Geological Survey
More information9. GEOLOGY, SOILS, AND MINERALS
June 28, 2018 Page 9-1 9. GEOLOGY, SOILS, AND MINERALS This EIR chapter describes the existing geological, soil, and mineral conditions in the planning area. The chapter includes the regulatory framework
More informationSeismic Site Classification and Soil Amplification Assessment of Chiang Rai City, Northern Thailand
Seismic Site Classification and Soil Amplification Assessment of Chiang Rai City, Northern Thailand Ratchadaporn Jintaprasat and Thanop Thitimakorn 1 Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn
More information