EARTH SCIENCE 1 Test on weather Ch. 23, 24, 25.

Transcription

1 NAME *KEY BLOCK DATE 1/17/11 EARTH SCIENCE 1 Test on weather Ch. 23, 24, 25. Part 1- Circle or false for the statement below. 2 Correct one or more of the underlined words needed to make the statement with more than just a negative. No need to rewrite whole sentence. CHECK YOUR WORK false 1. Air converges and rises at the equator false 2 Air pressure *increases as elevation decreases. false 3. At the dew point temperature the air is at 100% relative humidity. false 4. Air temperature *drops with altitude in the troposphere and *mesophere false 5. When air temperature drops, its capacity for holding water *decreases false 6. Fog requires condensation nuclei to form. false 7. To make water vapor condense, energy must be removed false 8. Lightning, bacteria, and legumes are part of the.*nitrogen cycle. false 9. Steady rain or snow might happen at a warm front false 10. When air rises in the troposphere, it expands and gets cooler *(or gets warmer and contracts as it drops false 11. The atmosphere is made mostly of about 20% O 2 and 80% *N 2 false 12. Fast rising vertical clouds with thunderstorms occur along a*cold (or occluded) front false 13. Fronts are caused by air masses colliding false 14. The *mp air mass is usually responsible for our winter Nor'easter storms false 15. Clear weather usually occurs at the center of an air mass (high pressure; lowpressure at fronts, because warm air rises, humidity condenses, precipitate) false 16. The strongest winds of a hurricane are in the *eyewall (or calmest at eye) Part 2- Write in CAPITAL letters the best answer for each question, easier to read. 1 _*D_17. Due to prevailing global winds, weather in the United States in general moves from: a. east to west b. north to south c. south to north d. west to east *D 18. What letters would be used to designate an air mass that forms over Mt. Everest, a cold inland area? a. ct b. MIT c. mt d. cp _*D (like sea breeze) 19. Valley breezes do which of the following? a. blow from the mountains into the valleys at night b. blow from the valleys into the mountains at night c. blow from the mountains into the valleys during the day d. blow from the valleys into the mountains during the day pts. Define evaporation:_*, liquid changes to a gas, energy added, particles speed up Define precipitation: air becomes saturated and water coming out of solution is heavier than air resistance and falls from clouds--ex.rain, snow, sleet, or _*A_21. Which of the following is NOT a cause of wind? a. longitude differences in hours of daylight c. temperature differences d. pressure differences b. differences 38 points off previous pages spelling/grammar errors EC pg. 1 of 6 ES1 Sanders-Fleming Weather Test 1/17/11 10:51 AM

2 _*A 22. Air pressure is a measure of a. the ratio of the weight of air to the area of surface on which it presses b. the motion of molecules in a gaseous state c. the energy of molecules when they become a gas d. the size of molecules in a gas *C. On which of these materials is it not possible for humidity to condense? a. salt b. candle smoke c. water vapor d. volcanic ash e. ice crystals _*C_24. When a cold air mass and a warm air mass are staying in one place: a. a warm front forms b. a high pressure system forms c. a stationary front forms d. a cold front forms *A 25. Low sheet like clouds are called: a. stratus clouds b. cumulus clouds c. cirrus clouds d. cirrocumulus clouds *C_26. Unequal heating of the earth's surface causes: a. radiation currents c. convection currents b. the greenhouse effect d. conduction _*B_27. The cycle of gases among photosynthesising plants, animal respiration, burning of fossil fuels and volcanic eruption is the a. N 2 b. CO 2/ O 2 c. N 2/ O 2 d. H 2 0 cycle _*C_28. Which type of cloud is made entirely of ice crystals? a. cumulus b. stratus c. cirrus d. cumulonimbus *D_29. Dry Arizona air is more comfortable than air with the same actual humidity temperature in tropical Columbia because in Arizona: a. the temperature is closer to the dew point b. less evaporation can occur c. there is plenty of water vapor to condense on your skin d. its relative humidity is lower _*C 30. Ice changes directly into water vapor by the process of: a. evaporation b. condensation c. sublimation d. saturation *D 31. One evening at 10 PM the sky was clear, the air temperature was 11 C, and the dew point was 2 C. During the night the temperature dropped to 0 C. What happened? a. snow and fog developed b. no dew formed but frost formed by morning c. clouds and rain would develop by morning d. dew formed and then froze *A_32. The term cirro added to the name of any form of cloud means a. high b. puffy c. rain d. layered _*D 33. Tornadoes: a. can create damage covering thousands of miles b. are also known as typhoons in Japan and China c. form over warm tropical waters d. create winds of 250 miles per hour or more *B 34. A wet, cold air mass would be identified as: a. maritime tropical b. maritime polar c. continental tropical d. continental polar _*A 35. Stratus clouds are usually found : a. along warm fronts b. along cold fronts c. in high pressure areas d. in sinking air _*A 36. An air mass that came to Sudbury from Arizona (inland southwest US) would be classified as: a. ct b. MIT c. mt d. cp 53 points off previous pages spelling/grammar errors EC pg. 2 of 6 ES1 Sanders-Fleming Weather Test 1/17/11 10:51 AM

3 Use the weather map below to answer questions North is at the top of the map. _*C 37. The wind at station "y" is coming from the: a. northwest b. northeast c. southeast d. southwest *B_38. Which station has 50% cloud coverage? a. Y b. X c. Z d. V _*A_39. The front "C" is a: a. warm front moving towards the east b. warm front moving towards the west c. cold front moving towards the east d. cold front moving towards the west _*C 40. Which of the following would not happen in a stratus cloud? a. snow b. drizzle c. tornadoes d. sleet Part 3--Read all parts of the questions first! Answer succinctly. Do not mix up #42 and #43 concepts. 41. (4 pts.) a. Where is "Tornado Alley"? Great Plains of US, prime tornado land in world b. What air masses meet there to form tornadoes? cold dry (cp) warm moist (mt) c. Where do the air masses come from? from Canada, from Gulf of Mexico d. Explain how the shape of the land causes so many tornadoes to form there:_ because so flat, jet stream can start colliding air from masses spinning, doesnʼt slow down 42. (4 pts.) A. What is global warming?_gradual heating of earth's atmosphere B. What atmospheric substances cause it to occur and how?_*greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor) trap infrared heat like glass C. Give the 2 most important different ways that humans increase global warming:.*burning fossil fuels and deforestation 64 points off previous pages spelling/grammar errors EC pg. 3 of 6 ES1 Sanders-Fleming Weather Test 1/17/11 10:51 AM

4 43. (3 pts.) In which layer of the atmosphere is the ozone layer *stratosphere, What is causing the ozone layer to become thinner (depleted)?*cfcs chlorofluorocarbons from refrigerants and aerosols Why is this a problem?--be specific. ozone blocks UV rays which cause sunburn and cancer For the next 2 questions, use the dew point chart on the next page, and the relative humidity chart below. 44. (2 pts.) If the dry bulb temperature was 7 C and the wet bulb temperature was 4 C, what would the dew point temperature be? Write down any calculations you do and mark the dew point chart. Answer, with unit: *0 C What instrument is used to collect this data? _psychrometer_ *1. find wet bulb depression 7-4=3 (vertical line) dew point=diagonal, dry bulb=flat 45. (2 pts.) a. If the wet bulb depression was 6 C and the dew point temperature was 14 C, what would the dry bulb temperature be? Show any steps you take, and mark the dew point and relative humidity charts. Answer: *24 C (diagonal line at 14 meets vertical 6, read horizontal) b. What would the relative humidity be? Answer: *56% 46. (6 pts.) At what latitudes and over what type of ocean does a hurricane form? *0-20 from equator, warm tropical waters In what season(s) does it form? * late spring to fall When a hurricane slows down to a tropical storm and later dies, what 2 factors which caused it decrease? *moisture &_*heat How are these factors decreased? *moving over land or moving away from equator What is the most damaging part of a hurricane?_*storm surge What causes it?*low pressure pulls the sea surface up, high winds push it onto land 77 points off previous pages spelling/grammar errors EC pg. 4 of 6 ES1 Sanders-Fleming Weather Test 1/17/11 10:51 AM

5 47. In the diagram below, in the correct places, write the names of three main bands of global winds north of the equator, (done ) and the names of two bands of areas of no wind (done )(2.5 pts.). There should be 5 answers. Show which are areas of wind, and which are areas of no wind. (done ) Show where *H there is high and low pressure above the earth's surface with "H" and "L". Add a point to each slanted line to show which way the wind blows ( or ) (3.5 pts.) 90 N *polar easterlies *L *westerlies *horse latitudes *H *trades *doldrums 0 *L 81 points off previous pages spelling/grammar errors EC pg. 5 of 6 ES1 Sanders-Fleming Weather Test 1/17/11 10:51 AM

6 48. (2.5 pts.) What causes lightning? *balance of charge within cumulonimbus clouds or to ground What causes thunder?*rapid expansion of superheated air from lightning How far away is lighting if it we hear thunder 10 seconds after the flash?*2 miles (sound travels at 5 sec/ mile: 10/5=2) 49. ( 1.5 pts.) What causes the Coriolis effect?*rotation of earth Do winds appear to bend right or left in the northern hemisphere_*right 50. (2 pts.) Where does a sea breeze flow from?*sea Does it occur during the night or day?_*day Why? *land heats and cools faster than sea, so in the day its hotter, air rises=low pressure, wind blows from high to low 51. Label the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum in order from longest wave to shortest. Include the names of the colors in order in their correct location (4 pts.) *microwaves *radio TV cell *infrared *red orange yellow green indigo violet *ultraviolet *Xrays *gamma 52. How is latent heat released and how does it add to the force of a hurricane? vapor from warm oceans condenses and releases latent heat, heat = lower pressure, greater pressure difference = faster winds EC (1 pt) Explain, with facts, one more weather concept we from the review sheet or notes that was not needed at all on the test. a. What is the atmospheric pressure if the station model symbol is 281?_ 1028.l mb 734?_*973.4 *add decimal point, 10 at front if last 3 digits <500, 9 if > 500 (natural air pressure limits) b. What is the moon phase today? 13 Jan, 1st quarter, 17 Jan waxing gibbous Put your name here please List any questions you found unclear or duplicate comics you noticed After the test is graded 1. write any spelling corrections 3 times here for points back or bonus points 2. Mrs. S-F please check questions # points off of 91 spelling off extra credit total /91 = % Grade 91 points off previous pages spelling/grammar errors EC pg. 6 of 6 ES1 Sanders-Fleming Weather Test 1/17/11 10:51 AM