STATION If relative humidity is 60% and saturation vapor pressure is 35 mb, what is the actual vapor pressure?

Transcription

1 STATION 1 Vapor pressure is a measure of relative humidity and saturation vapor pressure. Using this information and the information given in the problem, answer the following question. 1. If relative humidity is 60% and saturation vapor pressure is 35 mb, what is the actual vapor pressure? A. 25mb B. 95mb C. 21mb D. 10mb 2. The three ingredients needed in order for a cloud to form are moisture, cloud condensation nuclei, and a drop in. A. Temperature B. Pressure C. Wind speed D. All of the choices are correct E. Both A & B 3. Which of the following in NOT a permanent gas in the atmosphere near the earth s surface? A. Helium (He) B. Nitrogen (N) C. Xenon (Xe) D. Water vapor (H 2 O) 4. Oxygen is added to the atmosphere via and makes up about percent of the atmosphere s total volume. A. Breathing; 30 B. Photosynthesis; 21 C. Decay of organic matter; 15 D. Fertilization; 78

2 STATION 2 Answer the following questions. Write true or false on your answer sheet. 5. Approximately 50% of the molecules in the earth s atmosphere can be found at or below an altitude of 5.5 kilometers (3.5 miles). 6. With a 28 kilometer resolution, the Global Forecast System (GFS) computer model can resolve the locations of individual thunderstorms. 7. Water will freeze on human skin with an air temperature of 40 F and a wind chill temperature of 30 F. 8. Radiation from the sun is known as longwave radiation while radiation from the earth is known as shortwave radiation. 9. Infrared satellite imagery uses radio waves rather than light to create pictures.

3 STATION 3 Name the cloud types depicted in the following images. 10. Name the cloud type below. 12. Name the cloud type below. 11. Name the cloud type below. 13. Name the cloud type below. 14. Name the cloud type below.

4 STATION On average, which location has the most cooling degree days per year? A. International Falls, MN B. Seattle, WA C. Asheville, NC D. Phoenix, AZ 16. Which region of North Carolina typically has the most heating degree days each year? A. Mountains B. Piedmont C. Coastal Plains Using the diagram below, answer the following question regarding wave energy. 17. Which photon carries the most energy using the diagram above? A. Visible B. Microwave C. Infrared D. Ultraviolet

5 STATION 6 For the following questions (18-21), label the layers of the atmosphere, using the respective numbers as a guide, on your answer sheet In which layer of the atmosphere does weather occur? a. Thermosphere b. Ionosphere c. Troposphere d. Stratopause

6 STATION 7 Use the map below to answer the following questions. 23. Over the next 24 hours, what do you expect will happen to the temperature in Greensboro, NC? a. Increase to about 70 F b. Remain at about 55 F c. Decrease to about 40 F d. Decrease to about 0 F 24. Over the next 24 hours, how do you expect the winds will change in Kansas City (noted by the yellow star) as the high pressure system moves from west of Kansas City to east of Kansas City? a. Wind speeds increase with most wind coming from the north b. Wind speeds increase with most wind coming from the south c. Wind speeds decrease with most wind coming from the north d. Wind speeds decrease with most wind coming from the south 25. Based on the current radar imagery, over the next 24 hours, which location is most likely to see thunderstorms? a. Dallas, TX b. Atlanta, GA c. Boston, MA d. Denver, CO

7 STATION 8 Use the diagram below to answer the following question related to the STUVE diagram. 26. Which of the following statements best describe what is happening between 1000mb and 900mb on the Stuve diagram shown above? a. Dew point temperatures are decreasing with height b. There is a low-level temperature inversion c. Temperatures are going from below-freezing to above-freezing d. The radiosonde that reported this data probably malfunctioned 27. List the two atmospheric parameters that are included in the heat index calculation.

8 STATION On the map provided on your answer sheet, label the circles with the correct designated air mass of the area that each circle represents. The arrows are pointing in the direction of the flow of the air mass. Use the symbols mt, cp, ct, mp, ca. Each symbol will only be used ONCE. 29. Using the map above, which air masses are considered unstable? 30. Using the map above, which air mass is considered unstable at the surface, but stable aloft? 31. Why is cold air more dense than warm air? 32. If an air mass is unstable with warm, moist air present and occurring during the right time of year, what type of weather is likely to occur?

9 STATION On the answer sheet provided, assemble the station plot below. Include what each circle or box represents using the image as a guide. Use the following terms in the boxes below: temperature, cloud cover, dew point temperature, wind speed, wind direction, wind variability, barometric pressure, precipitation type, front. Not all terms will be used. 34. On the station plot above, wind direction is one of the variables. a. Does this variable represent that the wind is blowing from that direction or to that direction? b. Which direction is the wind blowing to?

10 STATION 12 Use the station model below to answer the following questions. Be sure to include units! 35. What is the temperature at this particular station? (Include units). 36. What is the barometric pressure? 37. What is the wind speed, in knots? 38. What is the wind direction?

11 STATION Choose the diagram below which represents a typical nighttime energy budget.

12 STATION Describe the atmospheric phenomena shown in the picture below. 41. Based on your knowledge of atmospheric optics, describe the phenomena in the red box of the diagram below (taken during a warm summer day).

13 STATION 15 Match the type of wind with the descriptions below. Letters may be used more than once. A. Chinook Wind B. Santa Ana Wind C. Alberta Clippers 42. Can cause a temperature increase during the winter of 50 F in a couple of hours 43. A fast-moving low pressure area originating from Canada 44. Impacts areas in Southern Canada and the Great Lakes of the US 45. Occurs along mountain ranges in the Pacific Northwest of the US 46. Dry, offshore winds that affect Southern California 47. Winds that blow through the Mohave desert and increase the chances of forest fires 48. Forms from warm, moist ocean air and brings warm air to leeward side of mountains 49. Can cause a temperature decrease of 30 F in a couple of hours

14 STATION 16 Match the wind with the descriptions below. Letters may be used more than once. A. Sea Breeze B. Land Breeze C. Valley Breeze D. Mountain Breeze 50. Warming of a mountain surface which causes a warm wind to blow upslope 51. Flow of wind from ocean to land 52. Created from a high pressure over water and a thermal low over land 53. Cool downslope wind 54. Flow of wind from land to ocean 55. A daytime breeze near valleys and mountains 56. Created from a high pressure over land and a low pressure over the water 57. A nighttime breeze near valleys and mountains

15 STATION 17 Use the image below to answer the following questions. 58. On the image on your answer sheet, shade in the areas where precipitation is falling. 59. On the image on your answer sheet, circle the locations that are reporting a thunderstorm. 60. On the image on your answer sheet, put a star over Raleigh, NC. 61. Is precipitation falling in Raleigh, NC?

16 STATION 1 1. C 2. E 3. D 4. B STATION 2 5. True 6. False 7. False 8. False 9. False 2013 State Meteorology B Test Answer Key 24. D 25. B STATION B 27. (2 points) Air temperature and (relative) humidity STATION (5 points) STATION Cirrus 11. Stratus 12. Cumulonimbus 13. Lenticular 14. Cumulus STATION D 16. A 17. D STATION Thermosphere 19. Mesosphere 20. Stratosphere 21. Troposphere 22. C 29. (2 points) mp & mt or just maritime air mass 30. ct 31. (2 points) cold air is tightly compacted and the molecules are not moving around as much as those in warmer air. The molecules in colder air are closer together. 32. Thunderstorms or tornadoes STATION C

17 STATION (7 points) 2013 State Meteorology B Test Answer Key 34a. wind blows from that direction 34b. To the northeast STATION 12 (2 points each; 1 point for units) F mb knots 38. from the south, to the north STATION A STATION Halo 41. Virga STATION A 43. C 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. B 48. A 49. C STATION C 51. A 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C 56. B 57. D

18 58. 4 points; shade precipitation points; circle thunderstorms point; star Raleigh 61. no 2013 State Meteorology B Test Answer Key STATION 17