at fronts, because warm air rises, humidity condenses, precipitate)

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1 NAME *KEY Block Date _*1/13/14 EARTH SCIENCE 1 Test on weather Ch. 23, 24, 25.!!!!! Part 1- Circle true or false for the statement below. 2 Correct one or more of the underlined words needed to make the statement true with more than just a negative. No need to rewrite whole sentence. CHECK YOUR WORK & PLAN YOUR TIME, it is a short block.! true true false 1. Air converges and rises at the equator false 2. Air pressure always increases as elevation decreases. true false 3. At the dew point temperature the air is at 100% relative humidity. true false 4. Air temperature *drops with altitude in the troposphere and *mesophere (or rises in thermosphere and stratosphere true false 5. When air temperature drops, its capacity for holding water *decreases true false 6. Fog requires condensation nuclei to form. DISC true false 7. To make water vapor condense, energy must be*removed true false 8. Lightning, bacteria, and legumes are part of the.*nitrogen cycle. true false 9. Steady rain or snow might happen at a warm! front true false 10. When air rises in the troposphere, it expands and gets cooler *(or gets warmer and contracts as it drops true false 11. The atmosphere is made mostly of about 20% O 2 and 80% *N 2 true false 12. Fast rising vertical clouds with thunderstorms occur along a*cold front DISC true false 13. Fronts are caused by air masses colliding true false 14. The *mp air mass is usually responsible for our winter Nor'easter storms DISC true false 15. Clear weather usually occurs at the center of an air mass (high pressure; lowpressure at fronts, because warm air rises, humidity condenses, precipitate) true false 16. The strongest winds of a hurricane are in the *eyewall (or calmest at eye) Part 2- Write in CAPITAL letters the best answer for each question, easier to read. 1 *D 17. Due to prevailing global winds, weather in the United States in general moves from: DISC! a. east to west! b. north to south! c. south to north! d. west to east *D 18. What letters would be used to designate an air mass that forms over Mt. Everest, a DISC!!! cold inland area? a. ct!! b. MIT!! c. mt!! d. cp *D (like sea breeze) 19. Valley breezes do which of the following? DISC! a. blow from the mountains into the valleys at night! b. blow from the valleys into the mountains at night! c. blow from the mountains into the valleys during the day! d. blow from the valleys into the mountains during the day pts. Define evaporation:*, liquid changes to a gas, energy added, particles speed up Is energy absorbed or released?: absorbed How does this affect particle speed and order? Particle speed is: faster Internal order the substance is: less orderly, bonds break, molecules move more freely 38 _*A 21. Which of the following is NOT a cause of wind? DISC! a. longitude differences! b. differences in hours of daylight night cooler than day! c. temperature differences blows cold to hot d. pressure differences blows high to low points off previous pages spelling/grammar errors EC pg. 1 of 6 ES1 Sanders-Fleming Weather Test 1/13/14 2:01 PM

2 *A 22. Air pressure is a measure of! a. the ratio of the weight of air to the area of surface on which it presses!! b. the motion of molecules in a gaseous state!! c. the energy of molecules when they become a gas! d. the size of molecules in a gas *C 23. On which of these materials is it not possible for humidity to condense? DISC! a. salt!! b. candle smoke! c. water vapor! d. volcanic ash e. ice crystals *C 24. When a cold air mass and a warm air mass are staying in one place:! a. a warm front forms!! b. a high pressure system forms! c. a stationary front forms! d. a cold front forms *A 25. Low sheet like clouds are called:! a. stratus clouds! b. cumulus clouds! c. cirrus clouds! d. cirrocumulus clouds *C 26. Unequal heating of the earth's surface causes:! a. radiation currents!!!! c. convection currents! b. the greenhouse effect!!! d. conduction _*B 27. The cycle of gases among photosynthesizing plants, animal respiration, burning of fossil!! fuels and volcanic eruption is the! a. N 2! b. CO 2/ O 2! c. N 2/ O 2! d. H 2 0 cycle *C 28. Which type of cloud is made entirely of ice crystals?! a. cumulus! b. stratus! c. cirrus! d. cumulonimbus *D 29. Dry Arizona air is more comfortable than air with the same temperature in tropical! Columbia because in Arizona:! a. the temperature is closer to the dew point!! b. less evaporation can occur! c. there is plenty of water vapor to condense on your skin d. its relative humidity is low *C 30. Ice changes directly into water vapor by the process of:! a. evaporation! b. condensation! c. sublimation!! d. saturation *D 31. One evening at 10 PM the sky was clear, the air temperature was 11 C, and the DISC!! dew point was 2 C. During the night the temperature dropped to 0 C. What happened?! a. snow and fog developed!! b. no dew formed but frost formed by morning! c. clouds and rain would develop by morning! d. dew formed and then froze *A 32. The term cirro added to the name of any form of cloud means! a. high!! b. puffy!! c. rain!! d. layered *D 33. Tornadoes:! a. can create damage covering thousands of miles! b. are also known as typhoons in Japan and China! c. form over warm tropical waters! d. create winds of 250 miles per hour or more *B 34. A wet, cold air mass would be identified as:! a. maritime tropical!!!!! b. maritime polar! c. continental tropical!! d. continental polar *A 35. Stratus clouds are usually found :! a. along warm fronts!! b. along cold fronts! c. in high pressure areas! d. in sinking air DISC *A 36. An air mass that came to Sudbury from Arizona would be classified as:! a. ct!! b. MIT!! c. mt!! d. cp 53 points off previous pages spelling/grammar errors EC pg. 2 of 6 ES1 Sanders-Fleming Weather Test 1/13/14 2:01 PM

3 Use the weather map below to answer questions North is at the top of the map. *C 37. The wind at station "y" is coming from the:! a. northwest!! b. northeast!! c. southeast!! d. southwest *B 38. Which station has 50% cloud coverage?! a. Y!! b. X!! c. Z!! d. V *A 39. The front "C" is a:! a. warm front moving towards the east!! b. warm front moving towards the west! c. cold front moving towards the east! d. cold front moving towards the west! _*C 40. Which of the following would not happen in a stratus cloud?*warm front; steady precipitation, freezes as it approaches ground=sleet (tornadoes at cold front, cumulonimbus clouds) a. snow!! b. drizzle! c. tornadoes!! d. sleet Part 3--Read all parts of the questions first! Answer succinctly. Do not mix up #42 and #43 concepts. 41. (4 pts.) a. Where is "Tornado Alley"? a.*great Plains of US, prime tornado land in world b. What air masses meet there to form tornadoes? warm, humid meets cold, dry (mt cp c. From where do the air masses in B come? from Canada, from Gulf of Mexico d. Explain how the shape of the land causes so many tornadoes to form there: because so flat, jet stream can start colliding air from masses spinning, doesn t slow down DISC 42. (4 pts.) A. What is global warming? gradual heating of earth's atmosphere B. What atmospheric substances cause it to occur and how? 2 pts greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor) trap infrared heat like glass DISC GH houses NOT trapped C. Give the 2 most important different ways that human actions are increasing global warming burning fossil fuels and deforestation 43. (3 pts.) In which layer of the atmosphere is the ozone layer*stratosphere points off previous pages spelling/grammar errors EC pg. 3 of 6 ES1 Sanders-Fleming Weather Test 1/13/14 2:01 PM 64

4 What substances cause the ozone layer to become thinner (depleted), & where do they come from? CFCs chlorofluorocarbons from refrigerants and aerosols DISC Why is this a problem?--be specific. ozone blocks UV rays which cause sunburn and cancer_ DISC For the next 2 questions, use the dew point chart on the next page, & the relative humidity chart below. 44. (2 pts.) Write any calculations you do and mark the dew point chart. If the dry bulb temperature was 7 C and the wet bulb temperature was 4 C, what would the dew point temperature be? *0 C (give unit) find wet bulb depression 7-4=3 (vertical line) dew point=diagonal, dry bulb=flat What instrument is used to collect the data in this question? psychrometer_ 45. (2 pts.) a. If the wet bulb depression was 6 C and the dew point temperature was 14 C, what would the dry bulb temperature be? Mark the dew point and relative humidity charts. Answer:_*24 C! b. What would the relative humidity be? Answer: 56% DISC 46. (6 pts.) A. (a) At what latitudes and (b) over what type of ocean does a hurricane form?! (a)._ 0-20 from equator_ (b) warm tropical waters!! (c). In what season(s) does it form? late summer to fall B. What 2 factors are needed to fuel a hurricane? (a)_ moisture & (b). heat C. When a hurricane slows down to a tropical storm and later dies, what causes factor(a) to decrease? moving away from equator (a) is decreased by: moving over land DISC!! What is the most damaging part of a hurricane? storm surge DISC What causes it? low pressure pulls the sea surface up, high winds push it onto land 77 points off previous pages spelling/grammar errors EC pg. 4 of 6 ES1 Sanders-Fleming Weather Test 1/13/14 2:01 PM

5 47. the diagram below shows 1/2 of the northern hemisphere seen from the side (in cross section.) In the correct places, write the names of three main bands of global winds north of the equator, (done ) and the names of two bands of areas of no wind (done )(2.5 pts.). There should be 5 answers. Label which are areas of wind, and which are areas of no wind. (done ) *H!!!!! Show where there is high and low pressure above! 90 N!!!! the earth's surface with "H" and "L". (done )!!!!! Add a point to each slanted line on the globe to! *polar easterlies!!! show which way the wind blows ( or )! *L!!! (3.5 pts.) (done ) *westerlies *horse latitudes *H *trades *doldrums 0 *L points off previous pages spelling/grammar errors EC pg. 5 of 6 ES1 Sanders-Fleming Weather Test 1/13/14 2:01 PM 81

6 48. (2.5 pts.) Complete sentences not needed: DISC!! A. What causes lightning? balance of separated electrical charge by bolts within cumulonimbus clouds or to ground!! B. What causes thunder? rapid expansion of superheated air from lightning! C. How far away is lighting if it we hear thunder 10 seconds after the flash?*2 miles (sound travels at 5 sec/ mile: 10/5=2) 49. ( 1.5 pts.) What causes the Coriolis effect? rotation of earth! Do winds appear to bend right or left in the northern hemisphere_*right DISC 50. (2 pts.) Where does a sea breeze flow from?*sea Does it occur during the night or day?_*day DISC Why? *land heats and cools faster than sea, so in the day its hotter, air rises=low pressure, wind blows from high to low 51. Label the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum in order from longest wave to shortest. Include the names of the colors in order in their correct location (4 pts.) DISC *radio TV cell *microwaves 52. (2 pts) A. Explain how latent heat is released: (phase change to lower state) DISC vapor from warm oceans condenses. cooling forms bonds, releasing heat B. How does latent heat add to the force of a hurricane? DISC warmer water = faster rising, lower pressure. condensation causes rain and cool falling air = higher pressure greater pressure difference = faster winds EC (1 pt) Explain, with facts, one more weather concept we from the review sheet or notes that was not needed at all on the test. *infrared *red orange yellow green indigo violet a. What is the atmospheric pressure if the station model symbol is 281?*1028.l mb734?_*973.4 mb *add decimal point, 10 at front if last 3 digits <500, 9 if > 500 (natural air pressure limits) b. What is the moon phase today? 1/11/13 new moon *ultraviolet *Xrays *gamma Put your name here please List any questions you found unclear or duplicate comics you noticed After the test is graded!1. write any spelling corrections 3 times here for points back or bonus points! 2. Mrs. S-F please check questions #!!!!!!!!!!!! points off of 91 spelling off extra credit total /91 = % Grade 91 points off previous pages spelling/grammar errors EC pg. 6 of 6 ES1 Sanders-Fleming Weather Test 1/13/14 2:01 PM