Name Team Period. Station #1 (drawing)

Transcription

1 Unit 5 Notes ATMOSPHERE Name Team Period Station #1 (drawing) When done drawing, read and answer the following questions. Troposphere - layer closest to Earth s surface. Extends from surface to altitudes of N/S Poles to equator. Weather layer Stratosphere - Layer above troposphere. Extends to 50km. Contains ozone layer. Protects Earth from ultraviolet rays that can kill plants, animals, and cause skin cancer Mesosphere - Protects Earth s surface from being hit by meteoroids. Burn up from friction with atmosphere Thermosphere - divided into 2 layers Ionosphere Lower layer of thermosphere. Contains ions/charged particles. Allow radio waves to bounce off Exosphere outer layer of thermosphere 1. Which layer is the closest to Earth s surface? 2. How many atmospheric layers are there? 3. Which is the outer layer? 4. Which layer protects Earth s surface? 6. Which layer extends to 50km? Station #2 (answer the questions) 1. Atmosphere: thin layer of gases surrounding Earth. Made up of nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), carbon dioxide, water vapor water vapor: water in its gaseous form, invisible ozone: forms when lightning interacts with oxygen in air and creates molecule of 3 oxygen atoms 2. Altitude: distance above sea level. As altitude increases air pressure decreases, which also decreases density. Low air density makes it difficult to breathe. 3. Air pressure: result of weight of column of air pushing down on area; measure by instrument called barometer QUESTION #1 QUESTION #2 QUESTION #3 QUESTION #4

2 QUESTION #5 QUESTION #6 QUESTION #7 Station #3 (drawing of energy transfer in the atmosphere) Station #4 (answer question) Station #5 to #19 (notes) Atmosphere station 5 layer of gases that surround the earth. Supports life on Earth by protecting it from dangerous. Creates and controls and. Provides plants and animals need to breathe Composition of the Atmosphere station 6 Nitrogen Oxygen Argon Carbon dioxide Trace gases Neon,, Krypton, Gases important to life on Earth station 7 Nitrogen removed from atmosphere by and N compounds used by for growth and. Oxygen Released into atmosphere by as they photosynthesize. Water vapor (H20) amount in the atmosphere Cycles through the water cycle. Carbon dioxide ( ) - Removed from the atmosphere by.

3 Atmospheric Pressure station? Pressure exerted on earth by the Layers of the Atmosphere station 9 Layer Boundaries station 10 Differences in temperatures each layer from the one above it. remains constant through boundary. Boundaries: Troposphere station 11 layer Most atmospheric is found here. Extends from above earth Air temperature with height above Earth. Virtually all weather occurs here Weather in the Troposphere station 12 Wind caused by heating of the earth s surface. Moisture - Moves through the - amount of water vapor in the air, depends on air. Dew point temperature at which water begins to on surfaces Water vapor condense to form Clouds station 13 Types - high level, wispy, curly, composed of ice crystals - mid level, fluffy, dense, mostly composed of water droplets - low level, layers like a blanket, composed of water droplets - extend through all levels, rain, storm

4 Station 14 Stratosphere Air temperature with height above earth due to absorption of sunlight. above earth Very layer allows for undisturbed layer found near the of the stratosphere. Ozone Layer station 15 Included in Mesosphere and Ozone gas absorb radiation Releases it as Protects Earth from harmful rays Station 15Mesosphere Air temperature with height above earth. layer Protects Earth - usually burn up in this layer. Station 16 Thermosphere Temperature with height above earth Borealis Space shuttle here Ionosphere - - the upper part Ionosphere station 17 Gas particles absorb and radiation from the Sun. Particles become charged waves are bounced off the and reflect back to Earth. Station 18 Exosphere - thousands of km into Air is very orbit the earth here Beyond the Atmosphere Station 18 Magnetosphere magnetic field km above earth s surface harmful particles from the Sun Particles concentrate into belts or layers called Cause the in the upper atmosphere

5 Water Cycle Drawing Station 12 Station #19 (label)

6 Station #20-24 Covection Current Notes Convection Currents station 20 energy transfer between two parts of a of different temperatures. When rise and sink. Occurs in Earth s Mantle flow within the mantle. Cause to move Less dense hot magma moves. More dense cooler magma moves. Earth s Oceans station 21 flow within the oceans. Temperature from the and salinity affects the density of water creating global currents. water sinks. water rises. Earth s Atmosphere radiation heats the Earth s surface. It is transferred by. Air touching the Earth s surface becomes less dense and. Air as it gets higher into the atmosphere. Cool air becomes more and sinks. is created as the cool air moves in to replace the air. Convection Currents station 22 High Pressure (H) Cool air masses become more and sink. Low Pressure (L) Warm air masses become less and rise. Wind difference between high pressure areas and low pressure surrounding it cause to form. Wind flows from to pressure.

7 Earth s atmospheric convection currents cause station 23 Local Breezes breeze - Wind that flows from the cool air over water (H) toward the warm air over the land (L). During the solar radiation heats the land more quickly than. Station 24 breeze breeze that flows from the cool air above land (H) toward the warmer air above the Water (L). Caused by cooling more quickly than water in the evening. Valley breeze mountain side is warmer than the valley in the. Breeze blows from the valley floor to the top of the mountain. breeze mountain sides cool quickly in the. Breeze blows form the mountain side to the valley floor. Station #25 (atmosphere label)

8 Station #26 (annotating) Hurricanes are tropical storms that start in the ocean waters near the equator. The storm moves its way north where the air is cooler. The wind gets stronger and the rain gets heavier. The eye of the storm is located in the center of the storm. It is the storm s calmest part. There is no rain in the eye and it can spread across 20 miles. The winds around the eye can blow as much as 200 miles per hour. They have the ability to uproot trees from of the ground. They can also blow glass out of windows. In the United States, summer and early fall are hurricane season. Every new season, tropical storms are labeled. The names follow alphabetical order, and alternate between male and female names. For example, the first hurricane may be Hurricane Andrew, then Barbara, Christopher, Deborah, Ephraim, etc. Hurricanes can last up to 14 days long. They travel for thousands of miles across the ocean. Most of the time they never reach the coast of the US, but when they do hit the coast, conditions become very dangerous. When water levels rise, there can be floods and mudslides. Houses close to the shore can be wiped out, and the people who live there can be in grave danger.