Final Weather Unit Study Guide

Transcription

1 Name: Atmospheric Composition and Layers Altitude Atmosphere Composition Troposphere Air Pressure Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere Ionosphere Sample Questions: Final Weather Unit Study Guide 1. In which layer of the atmosphere does weather occur? A. Mesosphere B. Stratosphere C. Troposphere D. Thermosphere 2. What are the two most abundant elements in the air? A. Carbon and Nitrogen B. Nitrogen and Oxygen C. Oxygen and Argon D. Carbon and Argon 3. What are the percentages of the elements from question 2? 4. The ozone layer is found in which layer? A. Thermosphere B. Troposphere C. Stratosphere D. Exosphere

2 The Water Cycle and Clouds Condensation Evaporation Precipitation (rain, sleet, freezing rain, snow) Transpiration Runoff Infiltration Sample Question: 5. Evaporation is when: A. Most energy is transferred from the sun to water in the water cycle B. Water droplets are cooled and fall from the clouds in the form of precipitation C. Liquid water goes through a phase change into water vapor D. Sunlight is converted to a food source by plants Air Movement and Weather Patterns Low pressure system High pressure system Cold front Warm front Thunderstorm Hurricane Tornado Sample Questions: 6. An occluded front occurs when: A. A cold air mass overtakes a warm air mass B. A warm air mass overtakes a cold air mass C. Two air masses approach each other from opposite directions but neither is strong enough to overtake the other D. A very cold air mass moves in towards another cold air mass pushing warm air up and away

3 7. How does solar energy cause high and low pressure systems? A. Air is heated and cooled which causes it to rise and then sink, creating convection cells B. Density levels change as air is heated and cooled causing different amounts to be pushing down on Earth s surface C. It doesn t cause the different pressure systems. 8. What type of weather is produced by a cold front? A. Gentle precipitation followed by warmer weather? B. Strong winds and heavy precipitation C. Many days of clouds and precipitation D. Thunderstorms followed by cool, fair weather. 9. What air masses are represented by the abbreviation mt? A. Maritime polar B. Continental polar C. Maritime tropical D. Continental tropical 10. A front symbol with only triangles represents what? A. Cold front B. Warm front C. Stationary front D. Occluded front Weather Prediction Cirrus Stratus Cumulonimbus Thermometer Barometer Cumulus Nimbus Wind vane Psychrometer Doppler radar Satellite Stratocumulus

4 Sample Questions: 11. A barometer is used to predict a future change in local weather. A. True B. False 12. Which weather instrument measures air pressure? A. Barometer B. Anemometer C. Thermometer D. Psychrometer 13. What type of cloud is most likely to produce rainfall? A. Cirrus B. Cirrostratus C. Altostratus D. Nimbostratus 14. An anemometer provides what kind of data? A. Atmospheric pressure B. Rainfall amount C. Wind direction D. Wind speed Using the weather station symbol below, answer the following questions 15. What is the temperature? A. 76 degrees B. 55 degrees C. 138 degrees D. 97 degrees 16. What is the dew point? A. 76 degrees B. 55 degrees C. 138 degrees D. 97 degrees

5 17. In what direction is the wind blowing? A. North B. North East C. South D. South East 18. Using a 500-millibar height contour map, explain how you can determine where the wind speed is slowest. 19. What type of cloud usually means a thunderstorm is coming? A. Cirrus B. Cumulus C. Nimbostratus D. Cumulonimbus 20. Why do cirrus clouds not produce precipitation? A. They have the highest elevation. B. There is not enough water vapor to condense. C. They are too thin and wispy to hold the water vapor. D. All of the above. Winds Jet stream Convection Coriolis effect Land and sea breezes Pressure gradient Friction Latitude and longitude Sample Questions 21. What causes land and sea breezes? A. The revolution of Earth around the Sun B. The uneven heating between the land and water C. The gravitational pull of Earth on the atmosphere D. The daily rise and fall of tides in a regular pattern.

6 22. How does solar energy create wind? A. Air is heated and cooled which causes it to rise and then sink, creating convection cells B. Density levels change as air is heated and cooled causing different amounts to be pushing down on Earth s surface C. It doesn t cause wind. 23. Which of these is the driving factor of the wind direction of the Easterlies? A. Global warming B. Coriolis Effect C. Convection Cells D. Jet Streams Air Quality Acid Rain Environmental Protection Agency Particulate matter Ozone Pollution Smog UV (ultraviolet) rays Greenhouse effect Sample Question 24. What happens when infrared radiation is released by Earth and absorbed by greenhouse gases? A. It heats the atmosphere. B. It cools the atmosphere. C. Nothing happens.