Data Availability through the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) suitable for wet deposition assessment

Transcription

1 Data Availability through the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) suitable for wet deposition assessment Presentation to the GAW Workshop on Measurement-Model Fusion for Global Total Atmospheric Deposition 25 Years, Andreas Becker 1, Udo Schneider, Markus Ziese, Anja Meyer-Christoffer, Peter Finger, and Elke Rustemeier 1 Head, Precipitation Monitoring Unit & GPCC Department of Hydrometeorology Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), Offenbach am Main, Germany, andreas.becker@dwd.de WMO Geneva, 28-February 2017

2 Data Availability through the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) suitable for wet deposition assessment The Global Precipitation Data Centre (GPCC) background and agenda Available GPCC Products A simple approach to wet deposition recognition in IMS RN threshold monitoring applications 4 Summary, Outlook and Pointer to GPCC Products

3 GPCC Facts The Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) Established on request of the World Meteorological Organization WMO in the year 1989 (>25yrs of operation) undertaken by Deutscher Wetterdienst DWD contributes to the Global Climate Observing System GCOS and the World Climate Research Programme WCRP thousands of users world-wide scientific task: quantitative assessment of global precipitation and investigation of the global water cycle new function proposed: high-quality data source to parametrize the wet deposition factor

4 GPCC Facts The functions of the GPCC collection of observed (gauges) precipitation data world-wide data processing, quality control, storage data analysis, production of gridded data fields distribution of the gridded data fields contribution to international programs

5 GPCC: Authoritative source of precipitation information Largest possible archive of obs data at highest feasible data quality Full documentation of data products including DOI references User and use case tailored product portfolios Regularly updated products when substantial improvements are made Support of OGC compliant data formats to ensure inter-operability and ease of use Access to PoCs of data providers to allow for user tailored expert advice Support to a quasi-operable verification regime on observed CC in-line with the needs resulting from Article 14 of the Paris Agreement (5yrs review) Product updates well synchronized to reporting needs of IPCC and UNFCCC Support and further development of GCOS with regard to the precipitation parameter 5

6 Data Availability through the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) suitable for wet deposition assessment The Global Precipitation Data Centre (GPCC) background and agenda Available GPCC Products A simple approach to wet deposition recognition in IMS RN threshold monitoring applications 4 Summary, Outlook and Pointer to GPCC Products

7 Archetype User requirements Features of gridded precipitation data as required by the users: Timeliness High resolution High accuracy Homogeneity (for drought monitoring) (for regional structures in global maps) (for verification of model results) (for climate change and variability analysis) All of these requirements cannot be met by one single gridded data set ==> A portfolio of different analysis products has been designed and optimized with respect to the application purposes 7

8 Precipitation analysis products of GPCC Analyses of monthly precipitation First Guess Product: automatic-only QC, based on SYNOP reports; near real-time (within five days) Monitoring Product: additional QC by experts, based on SYNOP and CLIMAT reports; near real-time (within two months) Climatology and Full Data Reproc.-Analysis highest data coverage and data quality, high spatial resolution; non real-time Analyses of daily precipitation First Guess Daily: automatic-only QC, based on SYNOP reports; near realtime (within five days after the end of a month) Full Data Daily Reproc.-Analysis: highest data coverage and data quality, high spatial resolution, non real-time Additional products GPCC drought index: combination of SPI-DWD and SPEI with nearly global coverage 8

9 GPCC product portfolio GPCC Product Spatial Resolution Time Coverage DOI Possible Application First Guess Monthly present Yes drought monitoring Dataset Spatial Resolution Time Period Possible Application First Guess Daily present Yes analysis of extremes and WD Monthly Monitoring Version 5 1.0, present Yes calibration of satellite data and WD First Guess Monthly present Drought monitoring 0.5, 1.0, Full First Data Monthly Guess Daily Version Yes 2.5 present hydrological Analysis studies of extremes and WD Full Monitoring Data Daily Version Product 1 (V5) 1.0, Yes present analysis Calibration of extremes satellite and WD data HOAPS/GPCC global daily 0.5, 1.0, Full Data Monthly (V7) 0.5, 1.0, precipitation Version Yes 2013 analysis Hydrological of extremes studies and WD HOMPRA Europe Version 1 Full Data Daily (V1) Not 2013 yet trend analysis Analysis of extremes (coming soon) HOMPRA-Europe (V1) 0.5, , Trend analyses VASClimo Dataset No trend analysis 2.5 Climatology (V2015) 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 for application as a reference, Precipitation Climatology 0.25, 0.5, 1951/2000 Yes and for utilization of the anomaly Version , 2.5 Interpolation Test interpolation Comparison method of Dataset comparison interpolation of interpolation schemes Interpolation Test Dataset Yes Drought Index (V1) present schemes Drought monitoring Drought Index Version present Yes drought monitoring Drought Index Version Yes drought monitoring 9

10 GPCC Products GPCC near real-time monthly products Routinely produced gridded data sets available within: application: number of stations: 5 days First Guess Anomalies drought monitoring FAO ~ 6,500 2 months Monitoring Product WCRP/GEWEX early reference ~ 8,000 Additional information provided for monitoring product Number of stations per grid box Sampling error Stochastic error Systematic error assessment Monitoring product also feeds global GPCP product that combines rain gauge and satellite data

11 GPCC First Monitoring Guess (public Product available!) (public available!) Precipitation [mm/month] in November 2016

12 GPCC Monitoring -> GPCP Product example (public available!) Precipitation during 1 st nuke test in DPRK-I (October 2006)

13 GPCC First Guess Daily Recognition of wet deposition for reanalysis of RN detection events would require precipitation products at time scales shorter than a month! GPCC has commenced generation of real-time daily precipitation analysis products

14 Full Data Daily Arbitrary Example: 6 July 1997 Total Precipitation Standard Deviation Number of Stations per grid cell Krigging Error 14

15 Regular Monitoring for WMO & EFAS Percentile Plots to supplement precipitation anomaly analyses of GPCC for reporting in Bulletins of RCC RA VI and WMO report for special periods (decadal, pentad etc..) Copernicus EMS: GPCC is member of 2 nd generation EFAS (European Flood Awareness System) in the function of an MDCC(*) 15

16 Bi-Decadal Global Daily Data Set,

17 Snapshot for 28 August 2005 (close to Katrina landfall) Example of the merged Daily Precipitation Analysis for Climate Prediction dataset (DAPACLIP) from land and ocean data for 29 August, Remarkable features from distinct events can be seen, for example the precipitation pattern of hurricane Katrina at the Gulf of Mexico and several tropical storms in the western Pacific Ocean 17

18 Use Case Extremes Bi-Decadal Global Daily Data Set, Access extreme precipitation, wet deposition, and drought world-wide Watch a demo on YouTube at player_detailpage&v=k7udhgvjqfi Action in support of WCRP GC and GEO: Data set with DOI reference on GPCC web-portal Published in Climate (*) (*) Dietzsch, F., Andersson, A., Ziese, M., Schröder, M., K. Raykova, K. Schamm and A. Becker, 2017: A Global ETCCDI-Based Precipitation Climatology from Satellite and Rain Gauge Measurements, Climate 2017, 5, 9; doi: /cli

19 FD V7 Use Case: Utilization of monthly Full Data Reanalysis for FP7 ERA_CLIM2 Project 19

20 Data Availability through the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) suitable for wet deposition assessment The Global Precipitation Data Centre (GPCC) background and agenda Available GPCC Products A simple approach to wet deposition recognition in IMS RN threshold monitoring applications 4 Summary, Outlook and Pointer to GPCC Products

21 Proposed Approach The IMS radionuclide (RN) monitoring capability is reduced in areas of systematically Take reduced advantage surface level horizontal of striking transport similarities that is due in to the ATM conservation constrained of mass threshold monitoring and precipitation monitoring products accompanied by regions of ascending air. The uplifting of air gives rise to condensation and formation of precipitation. It is thus RN straightforward Threshold Monitoring use precipitation Product purely patterns Global derived Precipitation from public Climatology available re-analysis Project contrained data sets as by proxies ATM and to detection describe areas limits of limited Monitoring detection Product capabilities. (public available!) [mm/month] Figure 1: Xe-133 threshold monitoring in the IMS Xenon network for summer year 2008/2009. GPCP monitoring product for the same period. Areas of apparently high pattern correlation are indicated by circles. Monthly precipitation totals (right plot) expose also the Indian monsoon area.

22 Proposed Approach 1. Apply a wet deposition related reduction factor during inversion of wind based source-receptor sensitivity fields 2. Parameterize this factor from available gridded precipitation monitoring products! Extension of the source-receptor relationship by the W term representing the wet deposition factor that can be parameterized from precipitation monitoring products In this approach wet deposition is only recognized at the source location thus treated in similarity to a containment factor for underground explosions Application of this wet deposition factor alleviates clearance of several apparently CTBT relevant detections as bogus. These were encountered in the past and in the wake of the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident

23 Wet Deposition How to find the right W? Parameterization of wet deposition is challenging. Two basic types: 1. Below-cloud scavenging, washout by rain droplet impact 2. In-cloud scavenging, related to nucleation process Dependencies on: Particle size Precipitation rate Humidity Cloud liquid water content, droplet size distribution Height of scavenging column First order approach for below-cloud scavenging: dc/dt (s -1 )= A * R B with precipitation rate R (mm/h) Empiric values for I-131 (Jylhä, 1991, Atmos. Environ., 25A, ): A=(7 ± 5) x10-5 B= 0.69 ± 0.12

24 Impact on Detectability First guess: Example: Estimate the possible impact of a heavy rain event over the source event with ~10% of monthly precipitation within 3 h Detection Threshold Monitoring for I-131 in and monthly GPCC 1 precipitation data for January 2009 Preliminary result: Difference between Detection Thresholds for I-131 in Jan 2009 with and without possible wet deposition impact considered.

25 Data Availability through the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) suitable for wet deposition assessment The Global Precipitation Data Centre (GPCC) background and agenda Available GPCC Products A simple approach to wet deposition recognition in IMS RN threshold monitoring applications Summary, Outlook and Pointer to GPCC Products

26 Summary Since more than 25yrs the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre is operated by Deutscher Wetterdienst, and provides for an authoritative source of global precipitation information GPCC s public available gridded precipitation monitoring products are suitable to serve the data base for the parameterization of a wet deposition factor field We propose here the utilization of the monthly/daily gridded precipitation monitoring products of the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) for the diagnosis of a monthly/daily global wet-deposition factor field across landsurfaces. A similar global product for the entire globe is available from the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) monthly product GPCC products are public available, a comprehensive description of the GPCC is provided on To visualize and download GPCC products consult ftp://ftp-anon.dwd.de/pub/data/gpcc/html/download_gate.html GPCC is ready to provide gridded precipitation data suitable for PTS needs to parameterize wet deposition.

27 Outlook Homogenized Precipitation Analysis (HOMPRA) for for Europe (in cooperation with Met. Institute of Univ. Bonn) is now scheduled to become available in spring 2015, on a global scale later Merging of daily precipitation analyses with the HOAPS data set for the period and extension to 1988-present with annual update Work on an extension of the improved (weather-dependent) correction of the systematic gauge-measuring error to period prior to > under-catch correction climatology Integration of entire GPCC product portfolio into DWD Climate Data Centre (CDC 2.0) to gain Web-Services dissemination functionalities by Q

28 ftp://ftp-anon.dwd.de/pub/data/gpcc/html/download_gate.html 28