Potential benefits that Sentinel-2 data could bring to characterise and monitor forestry, simulated through SPOT 4 Take5 data

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Sentinel 2 Fr Science Wrkshp ESRIN, Frascati, Italy 20-22 May 2014 Ptential benefits that

Take5 data Clette Meyer 1, Stephen Clandilln 1, Henri Giraud 1, Mathilde Caspard 1,

1 Sentinel 2 Fr Science Wrkshp ESRIN, Frascati, Italy May 2014 Ptential benefits that Sentinel-2 data culd bring t characterise and mnitr frestry, simulated thrugh SPOT 4 Take5 data Clette Meyer 1, Stephen Clandilln 1, Henri Giraud 1, Mathilde Caspard 1, Jérôme Maxant 1, Hervé Yesu 1, Paul de Fraipnt 1, Arnaud Selle 2 1 SERTIT, France; 2 CNES, France 1

SERTIT, a remte sensing and GIS technlgical transfer service Applicatins Land management and

management Resurces A multi-disciplinary team Remte sensing and GIS specialised equipment A

prjects Specificatin f future space systems Image prcessing methds Validatin and qualificatin

2 SERTIT, a remte sensing and GIS technlgical transfer service Applicatins Land management and urban planning Natural resurce mnitring Envirnmental studies Natural disaster and risk management Resurces A multi-disciplinary team Remte sensing and GIS specialised equipment A research/university envirnment within Strasburg university Natinal and internatinal research prjects Specificatin f future space systems Image prcessing methds Validatin and qualificatin tls Geinfrmatin based expert systems Sentinel 2 Fr Science Wrkshp ESRIN, Frascati, Italy May

3 SERTIT s experience in frest mnitring Lng-term inventry and mnitring n a regular basis f frest clear cuts using Sentinel-2 type data (SPOT) Frestry under pressure n the Alsace plain - encraching urbanizatin - ther landuses such as vineyards Mapping the changes between each image pair SPOT 2 20 years mnitring 1999 SPOT SPOT SPOT5 Frest clear cuts between Mapping n the Alsace plain Sentinel 2 Fr Science Wrkshp ESRIN, Frascati, Italy May

SERTIT s experience in frest mnitring Natural

damage, Alsace SPOT 4 September 1999 image,

The devastating Lthar and Martin strms struck

acquired after strm at the request f fresters

Cherence Radar Prducts (CAR) used t detect

mapping n the Alsace regin Windfall damage

4 SERTIT s experience in frest mnitring Natural disaster impact mapping Lthar Strm windfall damage, Alsace SPOT 4 September 1999 image, acquired just befre the strm December 1999 The devastating Lthar and Martin strms struck Western Eurpe SPOT 5 September 2002 image, acquired after strm at the request f fresters Early mapping studies Befre and after Cherence Radar Prducts (CAR) used t detect strm damage (ESA study, 2001) Windfall damage mapping n the Alsace regin Windfall damage Sentinel 2 Fr Science Wrkshp ESRIN, Frascati, Italy May

terrain 3D analyses Cniferus Deciduus Aims: Up-t-date inventry & 3D frestry terrain analysis Integrated

5 SERTIT s experience in frest mnitring Part f a multi-disciplinary effrt t preparing fr the next strm t hit Alsace Regin Frest inventry distinguishing between cniferus and deciduus stands in 2009 frestry terrain 3D analyses Cniferus Deciduus Aims: Up-t-date inventry & 3D frestry terrain analysis Integrated int the fficial strm preparedness dssier Sentinel 2 Fr Science Wrkshp ESRIN, Frascati, Italy May

Using SPOT4 Take 5 prgramme dataset Funded by a R&T CNES Prgramme SPOT4 Take 5 prgramme by CESBIO Simulatin f Sentinel

visible, near infrared and mid-infrared bands Study bjectives Tree species differentiatin ver the Alsace plain s

private (CRPF) sectr fresters (tree species, stand structure and typlgy) In ther wrds: Tree phenlgy evlutin can be

6 Using SPOT4 Take 5 prgramme dataset Funded by a R&T CNES Prgramme SPOT4 Take 5 prgramme by CESBIO Simulatin f Sentinel 2 data Images acquired between February and June 2013 High data acquisitin frequency (an image every 5 days) 20m visible, near infrared and mid-infrared bands Study bjectives Tree species differentiatin ver the Alsace plain s deciduus frests with SPOT4 Take 5 data Use f field data riginating frm public (ONF, Office Natinal des Frêts) and private (CRPF) sectr fresters (tree species, stand structure and typlgy) In ther wrds: Tree phenlgy evlutin can be fllwed every 5 days with the dataset SPOT4 Take 5 cvering area Des the high frequency mnitring help t better differentiate between tree species? 6

7 Sentinel 2 simulatin SPOT4 Take 5 dataset SPOT 4 data acquisitin during the vegetatin develpment phase between February and June 2013 An unlucky acquisitin prgramme, Spring 2013 was ne f the mst cludy n recrd Nt pssible t use the cludy February, March and early April images, nly the 4 th f March data cludless Partial use f the images acquired after the 23rd f April, nly ne is almst cludless (the17th f June) 23/04 08/05 18/05 02/06 07/06 17/06 Acceptable image data 7

Methdlgy Analysis f the multi-tempral data s spectral characteristics per deciduus species during the vegetatin develpment perid: with the SPOT4 Take 5 dataset using field samples f representative,

8 Methdlgy Analysis f the multi-tempral data s spectral characteristics per deciduus species during the vegetatin develpment perid: with the SPOT4 Take 5 dataset using field samples f representative, pure, mn-species frestry parcels, supplemented by field campaigns nearly synchrnus with satellite image acquisitins in rder t register the phenlgical develpment phase. Deciduus tree-species: pedunculate ak and beech (the main species), red ak, pplar and black lcust Frest samples where selected in areas with n clud cver in the selected SPOT 4 Take 5 data Lcatin f the field samples 8

Field trips Field campaigns realized frm late April t

develpment phase in the field with GPS psitining nt

vegetatin s develpment tk place rapidly within a few mild

Pedunculate ak Pedunculate ak Beech Beech Field bservatin

9 Field trips Field campaigns realized frm late April t early May: survey with phts describing the phenlgical develpment phase in the field with GPS psitining nt always useable because f cludy acquisitins mst f the vegetatin s develpment tk place rapidly within a few mild and sunny days (17-26 Avril) after a cl and cludy perid Pedunculate ak Pedunculate ak Beech Beech Field bservatin SPOT 4 acquisitin 23/04 08/05 18/05 02/06 07/06 17/06 17/04 26/04 06/05 9

red ak parcels are nt develped Mre vegetatin n beech parcels Use f mn-species

10 Multi-tempral spectral analysis Case study 1: Haguenau 23/04 08/05 18/05 02/06 07/06 17/06 First Date Secnd Date Third Date SPOT 4 acquisitin Leaves f beech and red ak parcels are nt develped Mre vegetatin n beech parcels Use f mn-species frestry parcels extracted frm private sectr frester databases All parcels alike Red ak Beech 10

11 Multi-tempral spectral analysis Case study 1: Haguenau 23/04 08/05 18/05 02/06 07/06 17/06 SPOT 4 acquisitin First Date Secnd Date Third Date RED CHANNEL MIR CHANNEL Number f ccurrence Number f ccurrence Data value Data value Number f ccurrence Number f ccurrence Data value Data value Number f ccurrence Number f ccurrence Data value Data value Red ak Beech Red ak / Beech are separable in early May 11

Multi-tempral spectral analysis Case study 2: Epfig 23/04

Date Presence f nly ak leaves Brighter-clured black lcust

centres frm square mn-species frestry grid samples (ONF,

12 Multi-tempral spectral analysis Case study 2: Epfig 23/04 08/05 18/05 02/06 07/06 17/06 First Date Secnd Date Third Date Presence f nly ak leaves Brighter-clured black lcust areas Very white black lcust sectrs clearly visible Use f centres frm square mn-species frestry grid samples (ONF, public frestry sectr) Black lcust Red ak Pedunculate ak 12

02/06 07/06 17/06 Field bservatin SPOT 4

40 20 0 First Date 40 45 50 55 60 Data value

50 55 Data value Number f ccurrence 60 40 20 0

13 Multi-tempral spectral analysis Case study 2: Epfig Black lcust Red ak The flwering black lcust 23/04 08/05 18/05 02/06 07/06 17/06 Field bservatin SPOT 4 acquisitin 06/05 RED CHANNEL Number f ccurrence First Date Data value Number f ccurrence Secnd Date Data value Number f ccurrence Third Date Data value Black lcust Red ak Pedunculate ak Black lcust is highly separable early June 13

14 The Chestnut in the Upper Rhine Valley A multi-partner Franc-German study within an Interreg IV Upper Rhine prject The study aims t cnserve and valrise the Chestnut tree, a species that verlks the vineyards f the area Presently, this tree is smetimes victim t die-ffs caused by a canker In this prject, SERTIT mapped chestnut tree plantatins using Sentinel 2 type data (SPOT 5) frm a multi-date imagery database Eurpean Reginal Develpment Fund Eurpean Territrial Cperatin

The Chestnut in the Upper Rhine Valley Field Validatin

tree stands Field surveys fr each pint f the prprtin f

survey >= 75% 50-75% 25-50% 0% Presence f chestnut trees

15 The Chestnut in the Upper Rhine Valley Field Validatin campaign by fresters (CRPF) 52 cntrl pints in chestnut tree stands Field surveys fr each pint f the prprtin f chestnut tree cver 9% 6% 4% 81% Chestnut tree prprtin survey >= 75% 50-75% 25-50% 0% Presence f chestnut trees at 96 % f cntrl pints Chestnut tree mapping n the Alsace Regin

16 16

17 The Chestnut in the Upper Rhine Valley Develpment f a methdlgy fr chestnut tree mapping with multi tempral SPOT 5 data and using deciduus tree field samples Chestnut late budding in spring Prfuse flwering in July April July September Oak Beech Red channel spectral respnses Chestnut 17

18 Cnclusin Tree species differentiatin is illustrated using the SPOT 4 Take5 time series despite the thick clud cver during the acquisitin perid Prmising results have led t interesting ideas fr future studies in the field f tree species mapping, especially with Sentinel 2 data Sentinel 2 will ffer: a year-rund mnitring, cvering the whle frestry species vegetatin cycle, a multi-annual acquisitin time-span, s bad weather cnditins can be accmmdated, a wrldwide cverage, an increased ptential with the wider range f spectral bands (Red edge, SWIR), a guaranteed lng term cverage (with S2A, B, C ). which tgether shuld pen the Hrizn t new and interesting frestry applicatins 18

19 Thank yu fr yur attentin Parc d'innvatin, Bd. Sébastien Brant, BP ILLKIRCH CEDEX- France Tel: +33 (0) Sentinel 2 Fr Science Wrkshp ESRIN, Frascati, Italy May 2014

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