9g RvZxq msm` wbe vpb wbe vpbx Bk Znvi cwiez bi cö Póv Effort for Change

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1 wcöq `kevmx, 9g RvZxq msm` wbe vpb 2008 RvZxq mgvrzvwš K `j-rvm` Gi wbe vpbx Bk Znvi cwiez bi cö Póv Effort for Change msmövgx mvjvg I ï f Qv MÖnY Ki b AvMvgx 29 ww m ^i 2008 RvwZi eûj cöpvwiz RvZxq msm` wbe vpb AbywôZ n Z hv Q G wbe vp bi Rb msweavb Abyhvqx wba vwiz mg qi cii RbMY K AwZwi³ `yb eqi A c v Ki Z n q Q wemz wegbwc-rvgvz RvU mikvi gzv wpi vqx Kivi Rb bxj bkkv K iwqj Zv `i GB bxj bkkv Abyhvqx ÔBqvRDwÏb ZË veavqk mikviõ I ÔAvwRR wbe vpb KwgkbÕ 2007 mv ji 22 Rvbyqvwi GKwU GKZidv wbe vp bi Ac Póv Pvwj qwqj wkš RbMY fv Ui AwaKvi i v Ges wegbwc-rvgv Zi gzv wpi vqx Kivi bxj bkkvi GKZidv wbe vp bi wei Zxeª MYAv `vjb M o Zv j MYAv `vj bi gy L 2007 mv ji 11 Rvbyqvwi ÔBqvRDwÏb ZË veavqk mikviõ gzv Qvo Z Ges 22 Rvbyqvwi bxj bkkvi GKZidv wbe vpb evwzj Ki Z eva nq ÔdLi wïb ZË veavqk mikviõ `vwqz MÖnY K i wbe vpb Kwgkb cybm Vb K i bzzb wbe vpb Kwgkb Lye axi MwZ Z n ji Qwe mn fvuvi ZvwjKv cöyqb, wbe vpbx AvBb I AvPiY wewa hy Mvc hvmx Kiv mn wbe vpb Abyôv bi c wzg~jk KvR jv m úbœ K i ZË veavqk mikvi wbe vpb K Kv jv UvKv I ckx kw³i Aïf cöfvegy³ Kivi Rb `ybx wzevr-jy Uiv-Kv jv UvKvi gvwjk-mš vmx `i wei Awfhvb ïi K i wkš mikv ii G Awfhvb `yõeq ii gv_vq AvR A bkuvb e _ I cönm b cwiyz n q Q ZË veavqk mikvi ÔgyL I `j bv ` LÕ AvB bi wbi c I K Vvi cö qv Mi e` j ÔmgZv i võ Ki Z wm q mgmö `ybx wz we ivax Awfhvb K cökœwe K i d j ZË veavqk mikvi cökvmb, `ybx wz `gb Kwgkb wpwýz `ybx wzevr `i wei Awfhvb mdj Kivi Rb h_vh_ AvBbx cö wz MÖnY I AvBbx cöwµqv AbymiY bv Kiv mn cökvmwbk e _ Zvi d j `ybx wzevr `i wei AvBbx jovb `ye j n q c o mikvi, cökvmb I `y` Ki GB e _ Zvi my hvm wb q AvB bi duvk dvuki w` q wpwýz jy Uiv-mš vmx-`ybx wzevr-kv jv UvKvi gvwjkiv ewi q G m wbe vp bi gv V Xy K c o Q mgmö RvwZ Avkv K iwqj, 2007 mv ji 11 Rvbyqvwii c~e vci cwiw wz we epbvq G b Ges RbM Yi AvKvsLv K aviy K i ivr bwzk bz Z cyi bv ivr bwzk ms wz _ K wkqzuv n ji ewi q Avm eb wb R `i wkqzuv n ji cwiez b Ki eb hz wbg gb nvk bv Kb ivr bwzk bz Z wpwýz `ybx wzevr-jy Uiv-mš vmx-r½xev`x Acivax `i mv _ mkj m ú K i Q` NUv e wkš `yf vm RbK n ji mz h, mikv ii e _ Zv I AvB bi duvk dvuki Mwj q ewi q Avmv wpwýz `ybx wzevr-jy Uiv-mš vmx `i A b KB ivr bwzk ` ji g bvbqb c q wbe vp bi gv V Xy K c o Q we kl K i wegbwc I Pvi`j AZ ší bmœfv e GB wpwýz jy Uiv-mš vmx-acivax `i g bvbqb w` q cyi Z K i Q G ikg cwiw wz Z AvMvgx 29 ww m ^i 9g RvZxq msm` wbe vpb AbywôZ n Z hv Q d j G wbe vp b mgmö `kevmx I fvuvi `i mvg b g~j cökœ: ` k AveviI `ybx wzevr-jy Uiv-mš vmx-r½xev`x Acivax `i ivrz Kv qg n e, bvwk cwiez bi c _ UKmB MYZš, AvB bi kvmb, mykvmb, Dbœqb I kvwšíi c _ cwipvwjz n e? `ybx wzevr-jy Uiv-mš vmx-r½xev`x-acivax `i cöavb c ô cvlk wegbwc-rvgvz AveviI gzvq Avm e, bvwk wegbwc-rvgvz RvU mikv ii `ytkvmb we ivax MYAv `vj bi avivevwnkzvq MYZvwš K Amv cö`vwqk kw³i bz Z cwiez bi kw³ mikvi MVb Ki e? wcöq `kevmx, RvZxq mgvrzvwš K `j-rvm `i i³siv msmövgx BwZnvm Avcbv `i Rvbv `k I RbM Yi Rb KvbI ivr bwzk ` ji bzv-kgx `i GZ wecyj cwigvb i³`vb, Rxeb`vb, AvZ Z vm, AZ vpvi-wbh vzb mn Kivi NUbv weij RvZxq mgvrzvwš K `j- Rvm` KL bvb Kvb cwiw wz ZB GK gyû Z i Rb I `k I RbM Yi ^v _ i wel q Avcm K iwb AvRI RvZxq mgvrzvwš K `j-rvm` mb msmövgx HwZn K aviy K ib `k I RbM Yi e nëi ^v_ K D a Zz j a i msmöv gi Ask wnmv eb 9g RvZxq msm` wbe vp b AskMÖnY Ki Q wcöq `kevmx, RvZxq mgvrzvwš K `j-rvm` g b K i, wegbwc-rvgvz Rv Ui ivr bwzk bxwzmz Ae vbb ^vaxbzv msmövg I gyw³hy i PZbv Z_v evsjv `k iv óªi wfwëi PZbv we ivax, wegbwc-rvgvz RvU bmœfv eb ÔD`vi I gy³ MYZš Õ-Gi mve Rbxb aviyv I 1

2 PZbv we ivax kw³ ZvB wegbwc-rvgvz RvU `k I RbM Yi Rb GKwU wec` G we epbv _ KB 2001 mv j wegbwc-rvgvz RvU mikvi gzvq G mb h `ytkvmb- `jevrx- gzvevrx-jyéb-`ybx wz-r½xev`x ivrz Kv qg K iwqj Rvm` Zvi wei HK e MYAv `vjb M o Zvjvi cö Póv bq Rvm `i cö Póvi d jb Amv cö`vwqk MYZvwš K kw³i mgš^ q 14 `jxq RvU Ges ciezx Z wegbwc-rvgv Zi `ytkvmb I R½xev` we ivax Ab vb ivr bwzk `j wb q gnv RvU MwVZ nq Rvm` mb e nëi H K i avivqb 14 `j I gnv Rv Ui kixk wnmv e Avmbœ RvZxq msm` wbe vp b AskMÖnY Ki Q RvZxq mgvrzvwš K `j-rvm` g bvbxz cö_x iv 4wU wbe vpbx GjvKvq 14 `j I gnv Rv Ui cöv_x wnmv e cöwzøw ØZv Ki Q Ges evkx 296 wu Avm b 14 `j I gnv RvU g bvbxz cöv_x `i c mwµq mg_ b cö`vb K i Q I f~wgkv ivl Q RvZxq mgvrzvwš K `j-rvm` g bvbxz cöv_x iv RbM Yi fv U msm` m`m wbe vwpz n j cwiez bi cö Póv wnmv e AMÖvwaKvi wfwë Z h fywgkv cvjb Ki e, Zv nvj: cwiez bi cö Póv Effort for Change RvZxq mikvi I b~ bzg RvZxq Kg m~wp Rvm` `jxq msm` m`m MY Amv cö`vwqk MYZvwš K kw³i mgš^ q GKwU b~ bzg RvZxq Kg m~wpi wfwë Z GKwU RvZxq mikvi MV bi D ` vm MÖnY Ki e Ges mb mikv i AskMÖnY Ki e mikvi cwipvjbvq fvimvg, ivóªxq bxwz wba vi Y RbAvKvsLvi cöwzdjb Rvm` mikvi MV b f~wgkv ivl j mikv ii wfz i kªwgk-kg Pvix-K lk-bvixi c fvimvg m wó, mikv ii bxwz wba vi Y RbAvKvsLvi cöwzdjb NUv bv, we kl K i kªwgk-kg Pvix-K lk-k wl kªwgk-kªgrxexñkg Rxex- ckvrxex- gnbwz gvbyl-k wl I wk í `kxq D ` v³v I wewb qvmkvix-bvix-agx q I RvwZMZ msl vjny, Avw`evmx mn mgv Ri kvwlz ewâz wcwq q cov Rb Mvôxi ^v_ i v Kiv, mikvi K RbM Yi cöwz ms e`bkxj I MYgyLx ivlvi Rb mve wyk cö Póv Pvjv e `ªe g~j wbqš Y, Lv` wbivcëv, `wi`ª I ^í Av qi gvbyl euvpv Z ivóªxq mg_ b Rvm` mikvi MV b f~wgkv ivl j mikv ii wfz i cö_g w`b _ KB m e v P RvZxq AMÖvwaKvi wfwë Z evrv ii Ici RbM Yi fvm Q o bv w` q gvbyl euvpv Z wbz cö qvrbxq `ªe g~j I Rxebhvcb e qi jvmvgnxb Da MwZ wbqš Y Ki Z mycwikwízfv e ivóªxq n Í c, wbz cöqvrbxq `ªe mg~ ni Pvwn`v I gry `i cwigvy mve wyk bri`vix I wbiƒcy K i ïaygvî e emvqx `i Ici wbf ikxj bv _ K ivóªxq D ` v M Pvwn`v gz we `k _ K Avg`vbx I Avf šíixy evrvi _ K msmön K i Lv` wbivcëv M o Zvjvi Rb cö_g ev R UB eivï Kiv, wuwmwe K mwµq Kiv, MÖvg I kn i kªwgk-kg Pvix-K wl kªwgk-wb Av qi gvbyl-ew Íevmx `i Rb ikwbs e e v Pvjy, wfwrgd KvW avixi msl v e w, eq I `ȳ bvix `i Rb fvzvi msl v I cwigvy e w, U wiwjd I Kv Ri wewbg q Lv` Kg m~wp m cömvwiz Kiv, K wl Drcv`b wbiwew Qbœ ivlv I e w i Rb Pvwn`v gz mvi-exr-ww Rj mn cö qvrbxq K wl DcKiY mievin wbwðz Ki Z cö_g ev R UB cö qvrbxq eivï ivlv, wegwwwm K mwµq Kivi Rb me vz K cö Póv Pvjv e we`ÿ r Drcv`b e w I R vjvwb wbivcëv Rvm` mikvi MV b f~wgkv ivl j AMÖvwaKvi wfwë Z ev Í evwpz m ve mkj Dcvq K Kv R jvwm q we`ÿ r Drcv`b e w, cvigvbwek we`ÿ r Drcv`b I AvÂwjK mn hvwmzvi wfwë Z Rjwe`ÿ r Drcv`b cö Póv Pvjv e RvZxq m ú` M vm-kqjvi e envi I we`ÿ r Drcv`b wb q GKwU mgwš^z R vjvwb wbivcëv bxwz MÖnY I ev Íevqb Kivi cö Póv Pvjv e `ybx wz gvkv ejv Rvm` mikvi MV b f~wgkv ivl j `ybx wz `gb Kwgkb K jvkej I cöwk Y w` q kw³kvjx I ^vaxb Kiv ivóªcwz, cöavbgš x, gš x, msm` m`m _ K ïi K i ivr bwzk ` ji kxl ch v qi bzv- bîx, mwpe, mikvix Awa`ßi-cwi`ßiwefvM- m±i K c v ik bi cöavb _ K ïi K i kxl ch v qi mikvix Kg KZ v, mgv Ri Ab vb Îi gzvevb `i Avq-e q Ges m ú `i weeiyx cöwz eqi cökvk Kiv, gzvi Ace envi I `yb xwzi Î I Drm jv wpwýz K i m mkj Î we kl bri`vixi e e v Kivi cö Póv Pvjv e R½xev` `gb Rvm` mikvi MV b f~wgkv ivl j R½xev` I R½xev`x buiqvk mg~n aÿsm K i RvZxq wbivcëv I RbwbivcËv wbwðz Ki Z AMÖvwaKvi wfwë Z ivóªxq c` c 2

3 MÖnY Ges R½xev` we ivax AvšÍR vwzk I AvÂwjK mn hvwmzv Rvi`vi Kivi cö Póv Pvjv e ^ QZv I Revew`wnZv, mykvmb I AvB bi kvmb Rvm` mikvi MV b f~wgkv ivl j mikv ii ^ QZv I Revew`wnZv wbwðz Ki Z mikvi K mkj wel q msm `i Kv Q Revew`wni e e v wbwðz Kiv, msm `i cö_g Awa ek bb msm`xq KwgwU mg~n MVb Ges msm`xq KwgwU mg~ ni cökvk MYïbvbxi e e v Pvjy Kiv, 70 aviv ms kvab K i msm` m`m `i ^vaxb f~wgkv wbwðz Kiv, Z_ AwaKvi AvBb ev Íevq bi gva g ivóªxq bxwz wba viy I ev Íevq bi mkj wel q RbM Yi Rvbvi AwaKvi wbwðz Kiv, msweavb I AvBb Abyhvqx cörvz š i mkj ch v qi Kg KZ v I Kg Pvix `i wbi c f~wgkv cvj bi cwi ek m wó Ges cökvm bi wbi c Zv I Kvh KvwiZv wbwðz Kiv, hz gzvevbb nvk bv Kb KvD KB AvB bi D a IVvi my hvm eü Kiv Ges mkj gvby li AwaKvi i v ev AwaKvi Le n j cöwzkvi cvevi e e v K i AvB bi kvmb mywbwðz Kivi cö Póv Pvjv e AvBb-k sljv AvBb k Ljv i vq cywjk mn mkj AvBb cö qvmkvix ms v K msweavb I AvBb Abyhvqx cwipvjbv Kiv, ^vaxbfv e KvR Ki Z `qv, G mkj ms vi ` Zv I Kvh KvwiZv e w Kiv, dšr`vwi Awf hv Mi Z`š I cöwmwkdkb c _K Kiv, cywjk wefvm ms vi-cybm Vb-k sljv cöwzôv I Kvh Ki Kivi Rb cywjk Kwgkb MVb Kivi cö Póv Pvjv e vbxq mikvi kw³kvjxkiy Rvm` mikvi MV b f~wgkv ivl j NvwlZ Zdwmj Abyhvqx Dc Rjv wbe vpb Abyôvb mywbwðz Kiv, Rjv cwil `i wbe vpb Abyôv bi Rb mikv ii Zid _ K wbe vpb Kwgkb K ZvwM` I mn hvwmzv cö`vb Kiv, vbxq mikv ii Ici vbxq mikvi gš Yvjq mn gš x, Ggwc, Avgjv `i mkj ai bi wbqš Y I Lei`vix eü K i vbxq mikvi Kwgk bi Ici vbxq mikvi mg~n K MwZkxj `vqe I kw³kvjx Kivi mkj `vwqz Ac Yi cö Póv Pvjv e Zi Y `i fwel Z wbg vy Rvm` mikvi MV b f~wgkv ivl j ` ki cöwzwu Zi Yi Rb wbwðz fwel Z Mo Z RvZxq I AvšÍR vwzk evrv i cöwz hvwmzv Kivi gz gvbm Z wk vi my hvm wbwðz, wk v k l ` k I we ` k Kg ms v bi Î we Z Kiv, ^ D ` v M Kg ms v bi Î we Z Kiv hv Z K i cöwzwu Zi Y hb ekvi bv _v K Ges RvZxq DbœqY, mgvr I cwiev ii Rb Ae`vb ivlvi my hvm wbwðz nq wk v Rvm` mikvi MV b f~wgkv ivl j wk v e e vi wbgœgvb-ˆbivr -wek Ljvwech q-msku K RvZxq Ri wi Ae v wnmv e m e v P i Z I AMÖvwaKvi cö`vb K i wk v e e v cybi v i RvZxq Ri wi c` c MÖnY Kiv, RvZxq msm ` Av jvpbv Ges wk vi mv _ m ú ³ wk K-M elk-we klá `i gzvgz wb q RvZxq HKg Z i wfwë Z Awej ^ RvZxq wk vbxwz cöyqb Kivi cö Póv Pvjv e, hv Z K i mikvi e` ji mv _ mv _ wk v bxwz e` ji cyivzb bvsiv ivrbxwzi cybive wë bv N U hy vciv ai wepvi Rvm` mikvi MV b f~wgkv ivl j 1971 mv j RvwZi Ici cwipvwjz hy vciva- MYnZ v-myal Yi NUbvi Z`šÍ Ges hy vcivax `i wpwýz Kivi Rb GKwU Kwgkb MVb Ges 1973 mv ji AvšÍR vwzk hy vciva AvBb Abyhvqx hy vcivax `i wepv ii Rb we kl UªvBeÿ bvj MV bi cö Póv Pvjv e RvZxq mgvrzvwš K `j-rvm` mikvi MV b f~wgkv ivl j AMÖvwaKvi wfwë Z D j wlz wel q bxwzwbô Ae vb _ K mikv ii wfz i bxwz wba viy I ev Íevq b me vz K cö Póv Pvjv e Gi cvkvcvwk `j _ K wbe vwpz msm` m`m MY msm `i wfz i avivevwnkfv e wb i well jv ZI mv Pvi f~wgkv cvjb Ki e Ges ivóªxq bxwz wba vi Y f~wgkv ivlvi cö Póv Pvjv e ivóªxq g~j bxwz AbymiY 3

4 mikvi cwipvjbvi mkj Î gyw³hy i PZbv Z_v 1972 mv ji msweav b wea Z g~j ivóªxq Pvi bxwz MYZš, mgvrzš, ag wbi c Zv I RvZxqZvev` AbymiY Kiv, Z_vKw_Z gy³ evrv ii nv Z `k I RbM Yi fvm Q o bv w` q RvZxq ^v_ I RbM Yi ^v_ K cövavb w` q ÔcwiKwíZ RvZxq A_ bxwzõ Ges ÔmvgvwRK A_ bxwzõ AbymiY Kiv gšwjk gvbevwakvi we ivax mkj KvjvKvbyb evwzj Kiv msm` I wbe vpb c wz ms vi ez gvb GK K wewkó msm `i e` j kªgrxex-kg Rxex- ckvrxex-bvix- z`ª RvwZmË v-avw`evmx- vbxq mikv ii cöwzwbwa wb q msm ` D P K MVb K i wøk wewkó msm`xq e e v Pvjy ez gvb msm` MV bi Rb AÂj wfwëk cöwzwbwa Z i e` j msl vbycvwzk c wz Pvjy Kg ms vb MÖvg-kni, wkw Z-wbi i, ` -A` wbwe k l mkj Kg g bvmwi Ki ZvwjKv cöyqb I Zv `i iwr óªkb KvW cö`vb Kiv, cöwz cwiev i Kgc GKR bi Rb eq i Aš Z 100 w` bi wbðqzv mn Kv Ri e e v Kiv we ` k Kg ms v bi Rb cöwk Y I A_ vqb Kiv Ges we ` k kªg evrvi m wói Rb we kl K U bwzk D ` vm MÖnY Kiv Kg ms vb Kwgkb MVb Kiv we `k _ K g~j evb ˆe `wkk gỳ ªv DcvR bkvix cöevmx `i Kg j AwaKvi I ghv `v wbwðz Kivi Rb cö qvrbxq K U bwzk D ` vm MÖnY Kiv, cöevmx `i ` k wewb qv Mi Î we kl myweav cö`vb Kiv, cöevmx `i ` k Avmv hviqvi c _ e ` i Ges GjvKvq we kl gh v`v I wbivcëv cö`vb Kiv bvix mgv Ri Dbœqb bvixi cöwz ˆelg gyjk mkj AvBb evwzj Kiv, 1997 mv ji bvix Dbœqb bxwzgvjv ev Íevqb Kiv, RvZxq msm ` 33% fvm Avmb bvix `i Rb msi Y I mivmwi wbe vpb Abyôvb, vbxq mikvi ms vq 33% fvm cöwzwbwaz bvix `i Rb msi Y, ivr bwzk `j, UªW BDwbqb mn mkj cöwzwbwaz kxj ms vq 33% fvm cöwzwbwaz bvix `i Rb msi Y, Kg Rxex bvix `i Rb m ezb 4 gvm gvz Z KvjxY QzwU, mg Kv R bvix-cyi l mgvb gryix Pvjy agx q, RvwZMZ msl vjny I Avw`evmx `i AwaKvi ag xq I RvwZMZ Kvi Y bvmwik `i g a mkj ai Yi ˆel g i Aemvb Kiv, kî m úwë AvBb evwzj Kiv, cve Z PUªMÖvg kwší Pzw³ cwic~y ev Íevqb Kiv, mgz ji Avw`evmx I RvwZMZ msl vjny `i f~wgi Ici HwZn evnx AwaKvi wbwðz Kivi Rb j vû Kwgkb MVb, z`ª RvwZmË vi mvsweavwbk ^xk wz cö`vb Kiv agx q ^vaxbzv I m cöxwz mkj bvmwi Ki wbf q kvwší Z ag cvj bi AwaKvi wbwðz Kiv gmwr`gw `i-wmr v-c v MvWv mn mkj ag xq v b ivr bwzk Kg KvÛ wbwl K i ag xq Dcmbvj qi cweîzv I kvwší wbwðz Kiv, ag K ivr bwzk nvwzqvi wnmv e e envi eü Kiv, mkj a g i gvbyl `i g a m cöxwz I kvwšíc~y mn-ae vb ervq ivlv ag wfwëk ivrbxwz, mv cö`vwqkzv, d ZvqvevRx wbwl Kiv mvgwók A_ bxwz RvZxq Drcvw`Kv kw³i wekvk RvZxq A_ bxwzi cöavb j wnmv e wba viy Kiv e w³-mgvr-evrvi-iv óªi mgš^q I cwikíbvi AvIZvq KvVv gvmz Ab vh Zv `~i Kivi `xn gqv`x Kg m~wpi wfwë Z RvZxq gvwjkvbvq câevwl K cwikíbv cybivq Pvjy Kiv we `kx FY I FYmnvqZv MÖnY I e envi, eivï I e q Ges mỳ I cwi kva wel q RvZxq Kwgkb MVb Kiv RbMY K AewnZ bv K i Ges RvZxq msm ` Av jvpbv bv K i evwyr I wewb qvm wel q Kvb Avš R vwzk Pzw³ bv Kiv RvZxq A_ bxwz Z ivóªvqë Lv Zi Ae`vb K ^xk wz `qv Ges ivóªvqë wkí I mevlvz K ` I cöwz hvwmzvg~jkfv e cwipvjbv Kiv Aeva Avg`vbx bxwz I Abyrcv`bkxj Lv Z e q K Vvifv e eü Kiv AcÖvwZôvwbK Îi A_ vqb, cöhyw³ mnvqzv I AvaywbKvq bi Rb Kwgkb MVb Kiv e `i I hvmv hvm AeKvVv gv PÆMÖvg e ` ii Kvh gzvi m cömviy I AvaywbKvqY Kiv, gsjv e `i K mpj I m cömvwiz Kiv, XvKv-PÆMÖvg gnvmok hvmv hvm m cömvwiz I AvaywbK Kiv, 4

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M vevj Kivckb e v ivwguvi 2010 mvi-ms c 1

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