Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv

Transcription

1 Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv

2 cökvkk mvmvbwu di Gbfvqib g U A vû wndg vb W fjc g U ( mw) 1/1 cjøex (5g Zjv), wgicyi, XvKv-1216, evsjv `k dvb: d v : B- gbj: sehd@sehd.org I qe: cökvkkvj: gvp 2014 AvBGmweG: ISBN: ^Z : mvmvbwu di Gbfvqib g U A vû wndg vb W fjc g U ( mw) Qwe I cö Q`: wdwjc MvBb K úvr I c ôvm¾v mnvqzv: jvkx iƒmv gỳ ªK: Rvnvb UªWvm g~j : 50 UvKv The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the drafting committee and can no way be taken to reflect the views of European Union and ICCO COOPERATION that fund a project, Mapping and capacity building of tea workers and little-known ethnic communities of Bangladesh under which this publication was made possible. Political and socio-economic agenda of tea workers and littleknown ethnic communities is published by Society for Enviornment and Human Development (SEHD). A drafting committee has prepared this agenda in cunsultation with different targets and final beneficiaries. m~wp K ZÁZv 04 f~wgkv 05 ivr bwzk `jmg~ ni 2008 mv ji wbe vpbx Bk Znv i Pv Rb Mvôx, Avw`evmx I wcwq q cov Rb Mvôx myiÿvi Rb A½xKvi I Zvi ev Íevqb wpî 09 ivr bwzk myiÿv (mvsweavwbk I AvBwb) 14 RvZxq Ges AvšÍR vwzk AvBb I mb` 14 grywi I Ab vb myweav 16 kvfb Kg cwi ek 16 ^v 17 wkÿv 18 f~wg I m ú ` AwaKvi 19 bxwzgvjv cöyqb I ivr bwzk cöwµqvq AskMÖnY I cöwzwbwaz 20 bvix I wkï myiÿv 21 Kg ms vb 22 Dcmsnvi 22

3 K ZÁZv Pv köwgk I ^í-cwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv ˆZwi n q Q BD ivcxq BDwbqb I B Kv- KvAcv ikb-gi Avw_ K mn hvwmzvq cwipvwjz Òevsjv ` ki Pv-kªwgK Ges ^í-cwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni Dci gvbwpîvqb, M elyv, Ges m gzv e w Ó cök íi AvIZvq 2013-Gi g gv m ïiæ niqv wzbeqi gqv`x G cök íi D Ïk n jv Pv köwgk I ^í cwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni mv _ wb q M elyv Kiv Ges Zv `i wewfbœ Bmÿ Zz j aiv I mÿgzv e w Kiv `kg RvZxq msm` wbe vpb K mvg b i L Pv köwgk I ^í-cwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni wbe vpbx G RÛv we kl K i ivrbxwzk `i mvg b Zz j aiv n e Ggb GKwU wm vší wqj wkš RvZxq wbe vpb K wn i bvbv AwbðqZv, k¼v I mwnsmzvi Kvi Y wbe vpbx G RÛv wbe vp bi Av M ei Kiv m e nqwb Pv Rb Mvôx I ^í-cwiwpz RvwZmËvmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv ev e³e Kx ZvB wb q A b Ki bvbv fvebv Av Q mw MZ wek eqi a i G `i AwaKvi, Ae v I bvbv wel q M elyv Ki Q Ges Zv `i K GKmv _ R ov K i Q ZviB avivevwnkzvq G cökí Avev iv Pv Rb Mvôx I ÿz`ª Ges ^í cwiwpz RvwZ Mvôxi cöwzwbwa `i GKÎ nevi my hvm K i w` q Q AZxZ I ez gvb wpšívfvebv GKÎ K i GB G RÛv G RÛv ˆZwi Kivi Rb GKwU Pv-evMvb GjvKv, ` ki DËi-ga vâj Ges DËi cwðgvâ ji cöwzwbwa `i wb q ˆZwi Kiv GKwU G RÛv cö wz KwgwU wb R `i GjvKv I XvKvq ek K qkevi wgwjz n q GB G RÛv ˆZwi K i Q G Z ms ÿ c DwÏó Rb Mvôxi m ú K Z_ -DcvË Av Q Avi Zviv Zv `i AwaKvi, ivr bwzk myiÿv I Av_ -mvgvwrk Ae v wb q Kx fv eb Ges Kx Zv `i `vwe-`viqv Zv Zz j a i Qb G cökvkbvq mgq I gav `evi Rb cª wz KwgwUi mevb K A bk ab ev` BD ivcxq BDwbqb I B Kv KvAcv ikb Avw_ K mn hvwmzv w` q Amnvq gvbyl `i cv k `vwo q Q Zv `i K we klfv e ab ev` Av iv A b K A bkfv e mvnvh mn hvwmzv K i Qb; Zv `i mevb K ab ev` AvkvKwi G QvÆ cökvkbv Pv-kÖwgK I ^í-cwiwpz RvwZmË vi gvby li eâbv, Zvi KviYmg~n Ges ivóª I mgv Ri KiYxq eys Z mvnvh Ki e wdwjc MvBb Kg m~px cwipvjk f~wgkv evsjv ` ki DËi-c~e vâj (wm ju, gšjfxevrvi I nwemä), PÆMÖvg I ivovgvwu cve Z Rjvq 156wU Pv evmv b KvR K i 1 jÿ 18 nvrvi köwgk G `i AwaKvsk weªwuk Avg j fvi Zi wewfbœ AÂj _ K msmön K i Avbv wewfbœ RvwZmË vi gvbyl weªwuk Kv úvwb wenvi, gv`ªvr, Dwol v, AÜ«cÖ `k, DËicÖ `k, cwðge½ I Ab vb GjvKv _ K Zv `i Pv evmv b wb q Av m Pvi cörb cvi K i Gme gvbyl ez gv b evsjv ` ki bvmwik n ji Pv evmv bi evb i AcwiwPZ evsjv ` ki msl vmwiô GgbwK Avw`evmxmn A bk ewâz RvwZ Mvôx _ KI Giv wew Qbœ Giv ewâz `i g a ewâz Rb Mvôx Ges Pv evmv b ÔevavÕ köwgk bvmwik wn m e Zviv h eâbvi wkkvi Zv Kv bv fv eb MÖnY hvm bq G wekvj msl K gvbyl gšwjk AwaKvi _ K ewâz jevi jvb b ÔevavÕ Gme köwgk I Zv `i cwievi ` ki me P q cövwšík Rb Mvôxi Ask b vh grywi, wkÿv, ^v, cywó me AwaKv i G Rb Mvôx A bk wcwq q eâbvi w`k evsv Z wm q ejv nq evsjv ` ki Pv köwgkiv `wÿy Gwkqvi me P q ewk kvwlz Rb Mvôx msweav bi 27 aviv ` ki mkj bvmwi Ki Rb mgvbvwakv ii wbðqzv `q: ÔmKj bvmwik AvB bi ` wó Z mgvb Ges AvB bi mgvb AvkÖq jv fi AwaKvix Õ GKBfv e 28 (1) avivq ejv n q Q Ô Kej ag, Mvôx, ey, bvix-cyiæl f` ev Rb v bi Kvi Y Kv bv bvmwi Ki cöwz ivóª ˆelg cö`k b Ki e bv Õ wkš Pv Rb Mvôxi Rb msweav b ewy Z Gme AwaKvi iÿvq ivóª Zvi `vwqz h_vh_fv e cvjb K i bv GKRb Pv kªwg Ki ˆ`wbK bm` grywi 2009 mv ji wqj gvî 32 UvKv câvk cqmv, GLb (2013) hv 69 UvKv köxj¼vq [2013 mv j] ˆ`wbK grywi 550 iæwc hv evsjv `wk UvKvq 324 UvKv câvk cqmvi mgvb ` ki Pv köwgkiv f~wgnxb wkïiv fym Q Zxeª Acywó Avi Awkÿvq ` ki ivr bwzk `jmg~n G Rb Mvôxi cöwz Pig D`vmxb G Kvi Y mikv ii bri Lye KgB c q Q Zviv 2008 mv ji RvZxq msm` wbe vp b Kej evsjv `k AvIqvgx jx Mi wbe vpbx Bk Znv i Pv Rb Mvôxi gvby li AwaKv ii D jøl Av Q Z e mikvi MV bi ci G `ji Pv köwg Ki fvm cwiez b Zgb wkqzb K iwb Pv Rb Mvôxi g a i q Q wewfbœ RvwZ Mvôx ^í cwiwpz Gme RvwZ Mvôxi Av Q wbr ^ më v Ges HwZn Z e Zv `i fvlv, ms wz I HwZ n i A bk wkqzb nvwi q M Q G ` ki bvmwik n qi Zviv A bkuv `knxb Pv evmvb QvovI ` ki wewfbœ A j ^í cwiwpz I ÿz`ª RvwZ Mvôxi müvb g j m úªwz mikvi

4 6 Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv 7 cöyqb K i Q ÿz`ª b Mvôx mvs wzk cöwzôvb AvBb 2010 G AvB b Kej 27wU Ôb MvôxiÕ bvg D jøl Av Q Avw`evmxmn b weávbx I M elkmy G msl v cöz vl vb K i Qb wewfbœ M elyv, Rwic, gzvgz, we køly K i Avgiv 60wUiI ewk RvwZ Mvôxi müvb cvb hv `i Kv bv D jøl bvb G AvB b ^xk wznxb, wew Qbœ I ^ícwiwpz Gme RvwZ Mvôxi A b KB Ab Kv bv RvwZ Mvôxi m ½ wg k hviqvi cöwµqvi g a Av Q A b KB GLb Avi gvz fvlvq K_v e j bv Gme RvwZ Mvôxi K qkwu n jv Anwgqv, evmw`, evbvb, f~wgr, evbvr, Wvjy, nv, nw`, Kg Kvi, Kv`v, Kvj, KvÐv, jvnvi, gv jv, gykni, cvî, iv Rvqvi, kei, KvP Ges Zzwi ` ki DËi-cwðgv ji 12wU Rjv I DËi-ga vâ ji cuvpwu Rjvq GiKg eûmsl K ^ícwiwpz RvwZ Mvôx Qwo q Av Q Gme RvwZ Mvôxi A b Ki bvg fvi Zi msweav b Zdwmjfz³ Av Q evsjv ` k ^xk wz I wpwýz Kivi Afv e Gme RvwZ Mvôx nvwi q dj Q Zv `i fvlv, ms wz I HwZn GKBm ½ ewâz n Q gšwjk AwaKvimn wewfbœ AwaKvi _ K wewfbœ Kvi Y wcwq q cov Gme RvwZ Mvôx Kej mvs wzk bq, Av_ -mvgvwrk w`k w` q ˆelg I Ab v qi wkkvi Pv Drcv`b GjvKv cvwëiqvwj Pv Drcv`b GjvKv Ges Pv evmv b emevmkvix RvwZ Mvôx Rjv wm ju Dc Rjv wm ju m`i, f vwj Pv evmv bi msl v ˆRšÍvcyi, dâzmä, MvqvBbNvU I KvbvBNvU gšjfxevrvi nwemä PÆMÖvg gšjfxevrvi m`i, köxg½j, KzjvDov, KgjMÄ, ivrbmi I eo jlv PzbviæNvU, evûej, gvaecyi I bexmä dwukqwo, iv½ywbqv, euvklvjx I cwuqv RvwZmË v wm ju 19 evovbk, wenvwi, cvnvb, Z j, evbvb, evdwi, gyðv, exb, fzrcywi, f~wgr, evbvr PŠnvb, Rywi, jsjv, gby- WjB I evwjwkiv 90 j icyi 23 PÆMÖvg 22 ivovgvwu KvßvB PÆMÖvg 1 eªvþyevwoqv eªvþyevwoqv m`i 1 M Ðv/MÄy, L v, Mv iv, mvšívj, IivI, Lvwoqv, K `, gv`ªvwr, gykni, bv qk, bywbqv, Dwoqv, cvwbkv, evk dvi, ˆKwi, evkwz, Kvwjw `, ivdwzqv, Mvqvjv, Mo, ivrfi, g av, gvn j, cvî, kãki, cvnvwi, Zwj, cvwk, `vlv`, iwe`vm, ZvuZx/Zš evb BZ vw` ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~n Ges Zv `i emev mi GjvKv (Pv evmv bi evb i) GjvKv RvwZmË v RbmsL v DËi-ga vâj: gqgbwmsn, Uv½vBj, MvRxcyi, Rvgvjcyi Ges kicyi Rjv nvrs, KvP, evbvb, Wvjy, nw`, kei, ivreskx/eskx, L v DËi-cwðg: ivrkvnx, RqcyinvU, cvebv, wmivrmä, iscyi, w`bvrcyi, PvcvBbeveMÄ, bimuv, bxjdvgvwi, KzwoMÖvg, e ov Ges câmo evmwz, fzbgvwj, fzbqv, f~wgr, fvrcywi, M Ðv/MÄy, NvUzqvj, nwi, nvriv, nv, K`i, Kg Kvi, Lvwiqv, Kv`v, Kzwg, gvn j, jvnvi, gv jv, gywiqvi/gyðv, gykni, cvwjqv, ivg`vm, iwe`vm, ivb, ivreskx/eskx, iv Rvqvo, ivdwzqv, wks, ZvuZx/Zš evb, Z j, cvuwb, MovBZ, Kvj, KvP, gyðv, cvnvwoqv, Zwj, Zzwi BZ vw` Pv evmv b wkïkög ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni mwvk RbmsL v Rvbv KwVb wewfbœ Dr m wewfbœ msl v cviqv hvq GK GKUv Mvôxi RbmsL v 100Õi Kg _ K 60,000 ch ší

5 8 Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv 9 ivrkvnxi cvnvwoqv K wlköwgk f wgr bvix K wlköwgk Kvj bvix Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz ÿz`ª RvwZmË vmg~ ni gvby liv G ` k ÔmvgvwRKfv e ev` covõ Rb Mvôxi Ask gvby li Rxe b G ev` cov-uv fxly cöfve d j G wel q AgZ mb wj L Qb, ÔmvgvwRK m úk jv _ K ev` c o hviqvi d j Ab vb ÿ ÎI eâbvi wkkvi n Z nq ( hgb Acywói wkkvi ev M nnxb niqv) Ó ewâz Rb Mvôx K AwaKvi `Iqvi Rb jovb Kiv ivr bwzk `jmg~ ni ivr bwzk G RÛviB Ask h_vh_ Z_ -DcvË, bri`vwi I mỳ wói Afv e Pv Rb Mvôx I ^ícwiwpz ÿz`ª RvwZmË vmg~n ivr bwzk `jmg~ ni G RÛvq vb wb Z cvi Q bv hv IB ev` cov ms wzib Ask ` ki mvgwmök Dbœq bi ^v _ ivr bwzk `jmg~n K Avw`evmx, Pv Rb Mvôx I ^ícwiwpz RvwZ Mvôxmg~ ni AwaKvi wel q m PZb n q `vex Av`v q mv Pvi niqv cö qvrb Z e G Rb Mvôxmg~ ni AwaKvi Av`vq cöwzôvq AZxZ AwfÁZv fv jv bq ivr bwzk `j jvi Bk Znv i Zv `i AwaKvi wel q A½xKvi _vk ji ciez x Z Zv ev Íevqb nq bv GgbwK wecixz wm všíi biqv nq Zgwb Avw`evmx RvwZ Mvôx I AwaKvi m ú K mȳ úó aviyv I ev Íe we epbv _v Kbv ej jb P j Ab w` K Pv köwgk I Pv Rb Mvôxi AwaKvi I Rxe bi welq GLb ch ší me ivr bwzk ` ji Bk Znv i D cwÿz i q M Q ivr bwzk `jmg~ ni 2008 mv ji wbe vpbx Bk Znv i Pv Rb Mvôx, Avw`evmx I wcwq q cov Rb Mvôx myiÿvi Rb A½xKvi I Zvi ev Íevqb wpî 2008 mv ji RvZxq msm` wbe vp b werqx gnv Rv Ui cöavb AvIqvgx jx Mi Bk Znv i Avw`evmx `i AwaKv ii K_v wqj Z e mlv b ag xq msl vjny `i m ½ Avw`evmx `i welq jv Ry o `Iqv nq Ôw`b e` ji mb`õ bvgk IB Bk Znv ii 18 bs Aby Q ` Avw`evmx AwaKvi msµvší NvlYvi bvg `Iqv nq Ôag xq msl vjny, AbybœZ m úª`vq I AbMÖmi AÂj 18.1 Aby Q ` ejv nq Ôag xq msl vjny, ÿz`ª RvwZmË v, Avw`evmx I Pv evmv b Kg iz kögrxex Rb Mvôxi Ici mš vm, ˆelg g~jk AvPiY Ges gvbevwakvi j N bi wpi Aemvb, Zv `i Rxeb, m ú`, m g, gvb gh v`vi myiÿv Ges ivóª I mgvr Rxe bi me ÿ Î mgvb AwaKv ii ev Íe cö qvm wbwðz Kiv n e Avw`evmx `i Rwg, Rjvavi Ges eb GjvKvq mbvzwb AwaKvi msiÿ Yi Rb we kl e e v MÖnYmn f~wg Kwgkb MVb Kiv n e msl vjny, Avw`evmx, ÿz`ª b -RvwZ Mvôx Ges `wjz `i cöwz ˆelg g~jk mkj cökvi AvBb I Ab vb e e vi Aemvb Kiv n e ag xq I RvwZMZ msl vjny Ges Avw`evmx `i Rb PvKwi I wkÿv cöwzôv b we kl my hvmmyweav wbwðz Kiv n e Õ c _K GKwU Aby Q ` (18.2) cve Z PÆMÖv gi bvg D jøl K i ejv nq, Ôcve Z PÆMªvg kvwšípzw³ m ú~y fv e ev Íevqb Kiv n e AbMÖmi AÂjmg~ ni Dbœq b ewa Z D ` vm, ÿz`ª RvwZ Mvôx,

6 10 Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv 11 Avw`evmx I Ab vb m úª`v qi AwaKv ii ^xk wz Ges Zv `i fvlv, mvwnz, ms wz I Rxebavivi ^vzš msiÿy I Zv `i mylg Dbœq bi Rb AMªvwaKvi wfwëk Kg m~px MÖnY I ev Íevqb Kiv n e Õ Z e Ôw`b e` ji mb`õ G `Iqv A½xKv ii ev Íevqb nqwb Bk Znv i Avw`evmx `i AwaKvi iÿvi NvlYv w` ji ÿgzvq Avmvi ci AvIqvgx jxm mikv ii ` wó Z Ô ` k Kv bv Avw`evmx bb Õ câ`k ms kvabx cöyqb K i mevb K ÔevOvjxÕ K i Avw`evmx `i A ^xkvi K i Ges ciez x Z mikvi RvwZmsN K e j `q, Ô ` k Kv bv Avw`evmx bb Õ 2011 mv j 25 Ryb RvZxq msm ` msweavb (câ`k ms kvab) wej 2011 DÌvcb Kiv nq IB we j ez gvb msweav bi 6 b ^i Aby Q ` ejv n q Q, Ôevsjv ` ki RbMY RvwZ wn m e evovjx Ges bvmwikmy evsjv `kx ewjqv cwiwpz nb eb Õ G ms kvabx Z Avw`evmx `i ÔDcRvwZÕ, Ôÿz`ª RvwZmË võ I Ôÿz`ª m úª`vqõ e j AwfwnZ Kiv n q Q we ÍvwiZ Kv bv Av jvpbv QvovB 30 Ryb wejwu cvm nq ciez x Z 2011 mv ji 29 RyjvB R bfvq RvwZms Ni A_ bwzk I mvgvwrk cwil` (B KvmK) evsjv ` ki Avw`evmx `i ^xk wz `q Z e G ^xk wz Z Nvi AvcwË Rvbvq evsjv ` ki mikvi mikv ii cÿ _ K ejv nq, RvwZms Ni IB dvivg GLwZqv ii evb i wm q cöwz e`b ˆZwi K i Q Ges Gi ^ QZv I wbi cÿzv wb q cökœ Av Q AvIqvgx jxm bz Z vaxb gnv RvU mikv ii ciivóªgš x `xcy gwb IB eqi 26 RyjvB ciivóª gš Yvj q AbywôZ GK mfvq Dbœqb mn hvmx ms vi cöwzwbwa I K~UbxwZK `i wzb cve Z Rjvi Awaevmx `i ÔAvw`evmxÕ m ^vab Ki Z wb la K ib ciivóª gš x Rvbvb, Ôevsjv ` ki wzb cve Z Rjvq Kv bv Avw`evmx bb IB GjvKvi Awaevmxiv ÿz`ª RvwZ Mvôx Zv `i h ÿz`ª RvwZ Mvôx wn m e AwfwnZ Kiv n e, mwu GKwU gxgvswmz welq Õ AvIqvgx jx Mi 2008 mv ji wbe vpbx Bk Znv i ÔPv evmv b Kg iz kögrxex Rb MvôxiÕ AwaKvi wel q GKevi D jøl Av Q Z e MZ cuvp eq i Pv köwgk I Pv Rb Mvôxi Rxe b Kv bv D jøl hvm cwiez b Av mwb mikvi 2009 mv ji Rvbyqvwi Z Pv köwg Ki grywi wba vi Yi Rb Ôwb œzg grywi evw Õ MVb K i Pv evmv bi gvwjk I köwg Ki mgš^ q Qq m` m i evw Kiv nq G evw wzbwu K vuvmwi Z grywi ˆ`wbK 48, 46 I 45 UvKv wba viy K ib ez gv b `wbk grywi 69 UvKv, hlv b cöwz ekx `k kªxj¼vq Pv köwg Ki ˆ`wbK grywi 550 iæwc MZ cuvp eq i Pv Rb Mvôx jevi jvb bi ÔevavÕ Rxeb _ K gyw³ cvqwb, e` j hvqwb G A ji wkÿv I ^v i cwi ek, ûgwki gy L Av Q bvix I wk kvixi ^v I fwel Z 2008 mv j ZË veavqk mikv ii kög gš Yvj qi D ` v M 26 A ±vei I 2 b f ^i `yb `dv köwgk BDwbq bi wbe vpb AbywôZ nq cö_gev ii g Zv Pv köwg Ki mivmwi fv U câv qz, f vwj I K `ªxq KwgwU wbe vwpz nq Z e gqv` c~y nevi Av MB 2009 mv j WvBi± iu Ae jevi wbe vwpz Kw `ªq KwgwU K AcmviY K i mikvwi Avkxe v`cyó GKwU GW-nK KwgwU jevi nvd R ewm q `q Pv köwgk `i g a `vbv euvav Am šívl cökgb Ki Z mikvi wbe vp bi Avk vm w` ji, 2014 mv j G mi wbe vpb AbywôZ nqwb Gi d j `xn jovb msmöv g cöwzwôz Pv köwgk BDwbq bi Kvh µg e vckfv e wcwq q c o gnv Rv Ui Ab Zg kwik `j evsjv ` ki IqvK vm cvwu i wbe vpbx Bk Znv i 15 b ^i NvlYv wnmv e Av Q Avw`evmx `i AwaKvi IB cwi Q `i bvg `Iqv nq Ôÿz`ª RvwZmË v I Avw`evmx AwaKviÕ cvnv oi I mgz ji Dfq As ki Avw`evmx `i D jøl K i gvu QqwU A½xKvi Kiv nq gvz fvlvq wkÿvi AwaKvimn mvsweavwbk ^xk wzi wel q Rvi `Iqv nq Z e IqvK vm cvwu i Bk Znv i Pv köwgk I ÿỳ ª RvwZ Mvôxi AwaKv ii wel q wkqz bb beg RvZxq msm` wbe vp bi cöv v j evsjv `k RvZxqZvev`x ` ji (wegbwc) Bk Znv i 31 b ^i Aby Q ` Avw`evmx `i AwaKv ii K_v ejv nq Z e mlv b ÔDcRvwZÕ kãwu e envi Kiv nq IB Aby Q `i wk ivbvg `Iqv nq, Ômv úª`vwqk m úªxwz I DcRvZxq RbMYmn me m úª`v qi AwaKvi msiÿyõ G Aby Q ` QqwU A½xKv ii PZz_ As k ejv nq, ÔAbMÖmi cvnvwo I DcRvZxq RbM Yi mvs wzk HwZn iÿv Ges Zv `i Rb PvKwi I wkÿvmn mkj ivóªxq I mvgvwrk ÿ Î cö`ë we kl my hvm myweav ervq i L RvZxq Dbœq bi avivq AwaKZi m ú ³ Kiv n e Õ câg As k ejv nq, Ôcve Z A ji Rxeb I RxweKvi gv bvbœq bi j ÿ me ai bi Dbœqb Kvh µg ev Íevq bi Rb Kvh Ki e e v bqv n e Õ Bk Znv ii ÔmvgvwRK I mvs wzkõ kxl K 32 b ^i Aby Q `i GKwU As k D jøl Av Q, Ôcvnvwo DcRvwZ I Avw`evmx RbM Yi ms wz K DrmvwnZ Kivi j ÿ Avw`evmx ms wz K `ª I GKv Wwg jvi Av iv DbœwZ Kiv n e Õ wegbwci wbe vpbx Bk Znv i Kv_vI Pv köwgk I Pv Rb Mvôxi AwaKv ii wel q wkqz bb ^vaxbzvi ci evsjv `k GwM q Q A bk wkš ^í cwiwpz RvwZ Mvôxi gvbyl `i fvm cwiez bi PvKv Nv iwb gv UI Kv bv Kv bv ÿ Î Zv `i hš bv AviI e o Q ZeyI Zviv Avkv K i ivr bwzk `jmg~n Zv `i myiÿvi K_v fve e Ges Zv `i cv k `uvovevi A½xKvi Ki e Pv köwgk I ` ki ÿz`ª I ^í cwiwpz RvwZmË vi gvby liv ZvB Zv `i Avkv AvKv Lv I `vexmg~n Zz j ai Q Zv `i GB G RÛvq

7 (Dci) köxg½ j Pv cvzv Zvjvq e Í cvwëiqvwj (wbp) D`vwjqv Pv evmv bi (PÆMÖvg) köwgk ew Í ev jevi jvbb (Dci) ivrkvnxi Mv`vMvox Dc Rjvq f wgr MÖvg Ni jvi PnvivB e j `q Zv `i `wi`ª Ae v (wbp) w`bvrcy ii wpwpie `i Dc Rjvi KvUvcvov MÖv g Zzwi cwievi

8 14 Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv 15 ivr bwzk myiÿv (mvsweavwbk I AvBwb) ` ki Avw`evmx `i Avkv AvKv Lvi cöwz Kv bv åæ ÿc bv K i msweavb ms kvab K i ` ki mkj bvmwi Ki RvZxqZv ÔevOvjxÕ Kiv n q Q msweavb ` ki mkj gvby li Kj v Yi Rb evsjv ` k evovjxiv msl vmwiô RvwZ wkš GLv b h D jøl hvm msl K ÿz`ª RvwZmË v Zv `i ˆewPÎ gq ms wz I fvlv wb q iyvzxz Kvj _ K Av Qb Gme RvwZ ^Ë vi mvsweavwbk ^xk wz Qvov ` ki Pwjø ki KvQvKvwQ fvlv, ms wz, K wó, cö_vmz AvBb, cöhyw³ I Ávb e e vi myiÿv Am e Kv RB ` ki Avw`evmx I ÿỳ ª RvwZmË vmg~ ni `vex, ivr bwzk `j jv hb cö qvrbxq ms kvabxi gva g msweav b evsjv ` ki mkj RvwZmË vi ^xk wz wbwðz Kivi Rb cö qvrbxq ivr bwzk D ` vm MÖnY K i GKgvÎ mvsweavwbk m xk wzi gva gb Gme wcwq q cov gvby li Rb h_ vh_ AvBb e e v M o Zvjv m e Avw`evmx I ÿz`ª RvwZmË vmg~ ni mvsweavwbk ^xk wzi D`vniY fvi Zi msweav b hy³ câg I lô Zdwmj, hvi gva g ÿz`ª RvwZmË vi cwi vi ^xk wz w` q Q ivóª evsjv ` ki msweav b Abyiƒc Zdwmj hy³ Kivi Rb ivr bwzk `jmg~ ni A½xKvi PvB Avw`evmx I ÿz`ª RvwZmË vmg~ ni cöwz mywepvi I mwvk ` wófw½ M o Zvjvi Rb GLbB cö qvrbxq cöwµqv ïiæ Kiv `ikvi Pv köwgk `i ˆbwgwËK QzwU I AwR Z QzwU, evm vb _ K D Q`, gvz Z Kvjxb QzwU BZ vw` wel q kög AvBb, 2006 ˆelg g~jk Ab vb köwgk `i Rb ˆbwgwËK QzwU hlv b 10w`b, Pv köwgk `i ejvq ˆbwgwËK Kv bv QzwUB bb Ab vb köwgkiv 18w`b Kv Ri Rb 1 w`b AwR Z QzwU cvq, Pv köwgk K mlv b 1 w`b QzwUi Rb 22 w`b KvR Ki Z nq kög AvB bi Gme elg `~i Kivi Rb cª qvrbxq ms vi Riæwi Pv köwgk `i h nzz Pv evmv bi evb i _vkvi RvqMv bb mrb evsjv `k kög AvBb, 2006-Gi evm vb _ K D Q` msµvší 32 b ^i avivwu cö hvr niqv DwPZ bq 32 b ^i avivq ejv Av Q ÒwZwb (Pv köwgk) Zvnvi PvKwii Aemv bi 60 w` bi g a gvwjk KZ K eivïk Z evm vb Qvwoqv w` eb Ó RvZxq Ges AvšÍR vwzk AvBb I mb` ek wkqz AvšÍR vwzk mb` I AvBb Avw`evmx I köwg Ki ivr bwzk myiÿv, AwaKvi, kvfb Kg cwi ek Gm ei msáv w` q Q Ges Gme wel q ivóª, AvšÍR vwzk ms v Ges e emv cöwzôv bi eva evakzv m ú K wb ` kbv w` q Q evsjv ` ki ÿz`ª RvwZmË v Ges Pv köwg Ki Rb cö hvr D jøl hvm AvšÍR vwzk mb` I AvBb jv n jv: 1. Avw`evmx I UªvBevj Rb Mvôx msµvší AvBGjI Kb fbkb bs 107 Ges Avw`evmx AwaKvi msµvší RvwZms Ni NvlYv Rvic~e K kög wbg ~j msµvší Kb fbkb 1957 (Kb fbkb bs 105) 4. msmwvz niqv I Kv jw±f evi MBwbs-Gi AwaKvi Kb fbkb (Kb fbkb bs 98) 5. mvk mvkvj PvU vi (2004 mv ji 4 Rvbyqvwi M wnz) 6. cøv Ukb Kb fbkb, 1958 (bs 110) 7. wdªwg Ae G mvwm qkb A vû cªv UKkb Ae w` ivbu Uy AM vbvbr Kb fbkb, 1948 (bs 87) evsjv `k mikvi Gme mb `i g a AvBGjI Kb fbkb 169 Ges 110 Abymg_ b K iwb Pv köwg Ki Rb cö hvr Rvic~e K kög wbg ~j msµvší Kb fbkb 1957 (Kb fbkb bs 105) Abyhvqx mkj mvÿikvix `k Rvic~e K ev eva Zvg~jK kög eü Kivi e vcv i Kvh Ki e e v wb Z eva evsjv ` ki Pv köwgk `i K hw`i Pv evmv b KvR Ki Z KvM R Kj g eva Kiv nq bv, ZeyI ev ÍeZv n jv GB h, Zviv cör b i ci cörb a i Pv evmv bb AvU K Av Q PvevMv bi jevi jvbb _ K Zv `i gyw³i Dcvq bb A b KB Av Q, hviv Kvbw`b cv ki kniwui ` Lwb wkÿvi my hvm h _ó bv niqvq Ges wew Qbœ Rbc ` evm Kivq ckv cwiez bi my hvmi bb ej jb P j Pv köwgk `i G Ae vi cwiez bi Rb AvBGjI Kb fbkb 105 ev Íevqb Riæwi Avw`evmx I ÿz`ªrvwzmë vmg~ ni AwaKvi we kl K i f~wgi AwaKvi cöwzôvi Rb evsjv `k mikv ii AvBGjI Kb fbkb 169 Abymg_ b/ ^vÿi Kiv Riæwi RvZxq hmkj AvBb Pv köwgk I ÿz`ª RvwZ ^Ë vi gvby li Rb cö hvr Zvi g a Ab Zg nj: 1. evsjv `k kög AvBb, w` B e½j BU A vkzbwrkb A vû Ub vwý A v± Awc Z m úwë AvBb Pv köwgkiv kög AvBb, 2006-Gi ev Íevqb hgb `L Z Pvq Zgb Gi cö qvrbxq ms kvabi Pvq agx q msl vjny I ÿz`ª RvwZ ^Ë vi gvby liv Ab `y Uv AvB bi cö qvm I AccÖ qv Mi wkkvi nq bvbvfv e Zviv Gm ei Aemvb `L Z Pvq

9 16 Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv 17 grywi I Ab vb myweav evsjv `k kög AvBb, 2006 Abymv i (aviv 234) cöwzôv bi jv fi 5 kzvsk köwgk AskMÖnY Znwej Ges köwgk Kj vy Znwej-G Rgv nevi K_v, hv köwgkiv hš_ wm v šíi wfwë Z Zv `i cö qvrb Abyhvqx e envi Ki Z cvi e ez gvb kög AvB bi c~ e I Pv köwgkiv cöwzôv bi 5 kzvsk jf vsk cvevi AwaKvix wqj hv _ K Zviv ewâz n q Q memgq ez gvb kög AvBb Abymv i Zviv jf vs ki mydj fvm Ki Z Pvq Pv köwg Ki grywi (2013 mv j ˆ`wbK bm` m e v P 69 UvKv) gv UI b vqm½z bq ` ki Ab vb kögrxex gvbyl I K wl köwg Ki grywi Ges cöwz ekx `kmg~ n Pv wk í wb qvwrz köwgk `i grywi we epbvq wb q evsjv ` ki köwgk `i Rb b vh grywi wba viy Ki Z n e G ÿ Î mikvi K h_vh_ f~wgkv cvjb Ki Z n e hme köwgk KviLvbvq I KxUbvkK wquv bvi g Zv SuywKc~Y KvR K ib Zv `i Rb b vqm½z evowz grywi ev SuywKfvZv we epbv Ki Z n e eq ii ci eqi KvR K i Avmv köwgk `i K vryqvj bv i L kög AvB b wba vwiz mg qi g a vqx Ki Z n e c~ e i g Zv cöwz Kqvi (30 kzvsk) ÿzj vû e env ii Rb Pv köwg Ki KvQ _ K Kvb ikb KZ b Kiv hv e bv GK Kqv ii D ÿzj v Ûi Rb Pv köwg Ki KvQ _ K jxr ww W wba vwiz U v i (GK i eq i 500 UvKv) AvbycvwZK nv i j vû i U Av`vq Kiv hv e mkj wbqwgz köwgk `i cöwf W U dvû myweav cö`vb Ges Zv 15% nv i evov bv cö qvrb Aemi biqvi ci GKRb köwg Ki cöwf W U dvûmn Ab vb cvibv AvBb Abyhvqx 30 (wîk) w` bi g a cwi kva Ki Z n e mgz ji f~wgnxb ÿz`ªrvwzi gvby li g a K wl köwgkiv grywimn bvbv ˆel g i wkkvi nb G `i grywi ˆelg `~i Ki Z n e kvfb Kg cwi ek Pv wk í wb qvwrz köwgk `i Kg cwi ek hme ÿ Î kvfb bq mme wel qi cöwz gvwjk K Ges ivóª K we klfv e bri w` Z n e Pv wk í wkïkög, B Qvi weiæ KvR Ki Z eva niqv, msmwvz niqvi e vcv i bvbv cöwzeükzv, grywi eâbv, ^v I wkÿvi mgm v, gvbem ú` Dbœq b ch vß my hv Mi Afve, `ÿzv wekv ki Rb AbyK~j cwi e ki Afve BZ vw` kvfb Kg cwi e ki cwicš x Kg cwi ek kvfb Kivi Rb GKw` K gvwjk `i hgb mw` Qvi cwipq w` Z n e Zgwb GiRb ivóª K AvBb cö qv M K Vvi n Z n e ^v wb œgv bi I Ach vß evm vb, Acywó I A ^v Ki m vwb Ukb e e v Pv köwgk `i Avevm j jevi jvb bi mvaviy ˆewkó evsjv ` ki gvby li gvî 4 kzvsk hlv b Lvjv RvqMvq gjz vm K i mlv b Pv Rb Mvôxi ewkifvm gvbyl Lvjv AvKv ki wb P gjg~î Z vm K i jevi jvb bi b` gv jv KuvPv Avi Lvjv weï cvbxq R ji e e vi AcÖZzj K~qv ev Qovi cvwbb e envi Ki Z nq ewkifvm köwgk cwievi K c qvwb vk bi Afv e g v jwiqv I Wvqwiqvi cöv`yf ve GLv b A bk ewk ch vß cywóki Lvev ii Afv e bvix I wkïiv Zxeª Acywó Z fv M GKBm ½ Kzô, h²v, i³k~b Zv I g v jwiqv iv Mi cö KvcI ` ki Ab vb GjvKvi Zzjbvq ewk 95 kzvs ki ewk wkïi Rb nq Acwi Qbœ N ib GQvov h_vh_ myiÿv Qvov evmv b KxUbvkK wquv bvi d j bvbv iv M AvµvšÍ nq Pv köwgk, wkš ch vß wpwkrmv mev cvq bv Pv evmv bi f vwj jv Z kög Kj vy K `ª _vk ji GLv b cövqb Kvb wpwkrmk _v Kb bv köwg Ki mȳ ^v h Kvb wk íi cövy, ZvB jevi jvb b wew Qbœ Rxebhvcb Kiv ^í ezb fvmx Pv köwgk `i chv ß ^v mev wbwðz Kivi `vq evmvb KZ c ÿi mb mv _ iv óªi KZ e nj welqwui Z`viwK I cö qvr b mnvqzv cö`vb Pv evmv b iv Mi cöv`yf ve Kgv Z ^v m Z cvqlvbv I weï cvwbi e e v Kiv Riæwi Avi ivmvµvší Pv köwgk `i mwvk ^v mev wbwðz Ki Z duvwoevmvbmn cöwzwu Pv evmv b GKwU DbœZgv bi ^v K `ª Pvjy Kiv cö qvrb Gme ^v K `ª GKRb K i GgweweGm Wv³vi wb qvm K i Zuvi Dcw wz wbwðz Ki Z n e Avi cöwzwu f vwj Z GKwU DbœZgv bi ^v mev m ^wjz AvaywbK nvmcvzvj w` Z n e ZvQvov evsjv `k kög AvBb, 2006-Gi 89 aviv Abyhvqx cöwzwu Pv evmvb I duvwo evmv b cö qvrbxq myweav m ^wjz wwm cbmvwimn ivmx Kÿ _vkvi K_v ewkifvm Pv evmv b KxUbvkK cö qvmkvix köwgk `i ` Ívbv, gy Lvk BZ vw` mieivn bv Kivi welqwu LyeB nzvkvrbk, hv köwgk `i iæzi ^v SuywK Z d j A b KB eyke v_v, ^vmkómn wewfbœ iv M fv Mb Gme köwg Ki myiÿvi e e v Kivi `vwqz evmvb KZ c ÿi evsjv ` k wbwl Kv bv KxUbvk Ki e envi hw` Pv evmv b n Z _v K, Z e Awej ^ Zv eü Ki Z n e ivm cöwz iva I cwievi cwikíbvq m PZbZvi Rb cöwz 50 cwiev ii Rb GKRb ^v Kg x wb qvm Kiv `ikvi

10 18 Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv 19 nz`wi`ª Pv köwgk `i ÿz`ª Avq Zv `i cwiev ii mkj m` m i mywpwkrmv wbwðz Kivi Rb h _ó bq ZvB evmvb gvwj Ki DwPZ cö Z K köwgk I Zvi cvl cwievie M i m`m `i m ú~y wpwkrmvi e e v wbwðz Kiv PvevMv bi evb i wpwkrmvaxb ivmx Ges Zvi `Lv kvbvi Rb GKRb mev`vbkvixi hvezxq LiP KZ cÿ K enb Kiv cö qvrb G ÿ Î ivmxi m ve LiP AMÖxg w` Z n e Avi `yiv ivm Amy Li ÿ Î mȳ bv niqv ch ší PvKwi i L QzwU w` Z n e ivmx Avbv biqvi Rb cöwzwu evmv b A v ^y j Ýi e e v _vkv cö qvrb `ym g I wew Qbœ GjvKvq emevmkvix ^í cwiwpz RvwZ Mvôxi gvby li ^v I wpwkrmv mevi Rb I h _ó msl K ^v Kg xmn we kl e e v biqv `ikvi hvmv hvm e e v fvj bq, Ggb `ym g GjvKvq emevmkvix ^ícwiwpz RvwZ Mvôxi gvby li ^v mev wbwðz Kivi Rb I Abyiƒc we kl e e v MÖnY Kiv cö qvrb wkÿv ` ki DËi I `wÿy c~e vâ ji 156wU Pv evmv b mikvwi cöv_wgk we` vjq i q Q gvî 6wU Pv ev W i cwimsl vb Abyhvqx mlv b evmvb KZ cÿ cwipvwjz z ji msl v 188, hvi me jvb cöv_wgk GQvovI i q Q we `kx mvnvh wbf i GbwRI cwipvwjz wkqz zj emevi ch vß eâ bb, Pvwn`v Abyhvqx kªwykÿ ev wkÿk bb, wudei qj, AvmevecÎ, GgbwK cöwz köwyi Rb GKwU K i nvwriv LvZvI bb GB nj PvevMv bi zj jvi mvaviy Pnviv wkÿv_ x `i ewkifv MiB wkÿv DcKiY Kbvi mvg_ bb, A b K cixÿvi wd w` Z cv i bv z j hvevi Dc hvmx wkï `i KZ kzvsk wkÿv cv Q bv wksev S o hv Q, Zvi Kvb cwimsl vb mikv ii nv Z bb, Z e GUv cwi vi h cöv_wgk wkÿv bqv QvÎQvÎx `i wmsnfvmb Avi cov jlv Pvwj q h Z cv i bv AwZ bmb cvwievwik Av qi cvkvcvwk Gi Ab Zg Avi GKwU KviY, 156wU Pv evmv b gvî wzbwu gva wgk we` vjq i q Q wvk GKBfv e my hvmmyweav I h Zœi Afv e S i c o ^í cwiwpz RvwZ Mvôxi wkÿv_ xiv gvz fvlvq co Z bv cviv, wkÿv DcKiY I wkÿk m¼u cöf wz Kvi Y S i hv Q Gme wkïi ` ki mvwe K Dbœq bi ^v _ GBme RvwZ Mvôxi wkï `i Rb wkÿvi ch vß my hvm ˆZwi Kivi j ÿ Awej ^ wkqz c` ÿc MÖnY Kiv cö qvrb: we `kx mvnvh eü n q M j GbwRI cwipvwjz zj jv Pvjy ivlv Am e n q hvq, ZvB wbiew Qbœ wkÿv mev Pvjy ivlvi cö qvr b cöwzwu Pv evmv b Pvwn`v Abymv i mikvwi cöv_wgk we` vjq Ges AšÍZ cöwzwu f vwj Z GKwU K i gva wgk we` vjq vcb Kiv Riæwi cöwzwu cöv_wgk z j Kgc ÿ 4 (PviRb) wkÿk wb qvm Kiv `ikvi Pv evmv bi zj jv K mikvwiki Yi we` gvb D ` vm K MwZkxj Kiv G ÿ Î dj`vqk n e z j evsjv cov bv nq e j ^í cwiwpz RvwZ Mvôxi evev gvõiv Pvq Zv `i Q j g qiv evsjv wklyk GUv Ki Z wm q RvwZmË v jv bv cvi Q wb R `i fvlv c ii cör b i Kv Q cšu Q w` Z, bv cvi Q g~javivi ms wz cy ivcywi MÖnY Ki Z ZvB ` ki mvs wzk ˆewPÎ iÿvi LvwZ i Ges wkÿv we Ív ii cö qvr b cöv_wgk Í i wewfbœ RvwZ Mvôxi wkÿv_ x `i Rb wbr fvlvq wkÿvi e e v Ki Z n e GRb ivóªxq D ` v M mme fvlvq wkÿv DcKiY ˆZwi Ges mb fvlvfvlx wkÿk wb qvm Kiv `ikvi Pv evmv bi mikvwi we` vjq jv Z wkÿk wb qv Mi ÿ Î Pv köwgk Rb Mvôxi hvm Zvm úbœ mšívb `i AMÖvwaKvi w` Z n e evsjv ` ki Pv Rb Mvôxi cövq mevb, Ges ^í cwiwpz RvwZ Mvôxi wmsnfvm gvbylb f~wgnxb I AwZ`wi`ª ZvB Gme RvwZ Mvôxi wkÿv_ x `i h_vmg q webvg~ j eb, cvkvkmn Ab vb wkÿv DcKiY mieivn Ki Z n e mb mv _ D P wkÿvq ^ícwiwpz RvwZ Mvôx I Pv Rb Mvôxi wkÿv_ x `i Rb KvUv eivï ivlvi Riæwi Pv köwgk Kj vy dvû I Pv evmvb wkÿv Uªv i wkÿv e wëi A_ gva wgk, D P gva wgk Í i I wek we` vj qi fwz i mg qi c~ e B cö`vb Ki Z n e Pv evmv b mvaviy wkÿvi cvkvcvwk KvwiMix wkÿvi e e v Ki Z n e Ges eq wkÿv K `ª Pvjy Ki Z n e f~wg I m ú ` AwaKvi cö_vmz f~wgi mvsweavwbk ^xk wz I AvBbMZ ˆeaZvi Afve, `vwi`ª, ivr bwzk I mvgvwrk ÿgzvnxbzv BZ vw` Kvi Y ^í cwiwpz RvwZ Mvôxi gvby li AwaKvskB f~wgnxb A b KB LvmRwgi Ici A vqxfv e emevm K i ÿgzvkvjx `i bri mme Rwgi Ici ci jb Gme RvwZ Mvôxi gvbyl D Q `i gy LvgywL nq bzzb Kv_vI KvbiK g gv_v MuvRvi VvB wgj ji b~ bzg K wlrwgi e e v nq bv A b i Rwg Z K wlgryi ev w`bgryi wn m e KvR KivB Zv `i wbqwz f~wg Z cö ekvwakvi I f~wgi gvwjkvbvi Afve ZvB ^í cwiwpz RvwZ Mvôxi Mfxi D Ø Mi KviY Kv bv Kv bv RvwZ Mvôxi f~wg Z Kv bv AwaKviB bb, Kv iv mxwgz AwaKvi Av Q cö_vmz AwaKv ii ^xk wz bv _vkvq Gme RvwZ Mvôx f~wgi Dci wbqš Y nviv Q Ab w` K, ` ki DËi I `wÿy c~e vâ j Pv Pv li Rb e `ve Í `qv Rwgi cwigvy 115,000 n±i Gi cy ivuvb mikvwi Rwg eivïk Z Rwgi 45% Pv Pv l e eüz n Q A_P Pv Rb Mvôxi Kv bv AwaKviB bb GB f~wg Z Pvlvev `i Rb

11 20 Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv 21 KvD K ÿzj vû eivï `qv n j Gi wecix Z ikb K U bq gvwjk cÿ wewfbœ KviY `wl q ÿzj vû K o bqvi NUbvI N U Pv köwgk I ^í cwiwpz RvwZ Mvôxi gvby li f~wgi AwaKvi wbwðz Ki Z wkqz c` ÿc bqv Riæwi: f~wg AwaKvi msµvší AvBGjI mb` 169 Abymg_ b/ ^vÿi I Zv ev Íevqb Kiv mgz ji Avw`evmx `i Rb c _K f~wg Kwgkb MVb K i Zvi gva g f~wg I m úwë Z AwaKvi wbwðz Kiv Pv köwgk I Pv Rb Mvôxi cöwz cwiev ii Rb emzwfuv I Pv li Rwg/ ÿzj vû vqx e `ve Í `Iqv Pv Pv li Rb eivï `qv mikvwi Rwgi 12, n±i K wlrwg ( ÿzj vû) köwgkiv G Rwg e env ii my hvm c ji Gi wbqš Y Pv evmvb gvwj Ki nv Z G e e v A hšw³k ` ki LvmRwg f~wgnxb `i gv S wezi Yi Rb h bxwz I AvBb i q Q Zvi AvIZvq Gme Rwgi gvwjkvbv köwgk `i vqx e `ve Í `Iqvi cöwµqv ïiæ Kiv Riæwi Pv Rb Mvôxi gvbyl K f~wgnxb wnmv e mikvwi ZvwjKvq AšÍf y³ Ki Z n e Ges Zv `i g a Lvm Rwg weziy Ki Z n e Pv evmv bi Rb eivï Rwgi Ae v wbiƒc Yi Rb GKwU Kwgkb MVb K i Rwgi cök Z e envi wpî ei Kiv cö qvrb Pv evmv b Pv Pvl nqbv Ggb DuPz Rwg Z g bvkvjpvi cøv Ukb (ivevi I Ab vb ) eü K i Pv Pvl m úªmvwiz Kiv I we` gvb cövk wzk ebf~wg iÿv Kiv Pv evmv bi Rjvkq köwgk `i wjr cö`vb Kiv Avw`evmx, ^ícwiwpz RvwZ Mvôx I Pv Rb Mvôxi Kg ms vb myiÿvi e e v biqv bxwzgvjv cöyqb I ivr bwzk cöwµqvq AskMÖnY I cöwzwbwaz Pv köwgk `i köwgk msmvb Av Q Z e wb R `i AwaKvi cöwzôvq köwgk BDwbq bi Ae`vb I ÿgzv mxwgz wkš Pv köwgkiv vbxq, RvZxq me ai bi wbe vp b fvu w` q Ask wb Q ` ki MYZvwš K cöwµqvq Pv köwgk `i AskMÖnY ej Z G ch šíb Kej fvuvi cwip q fvu `Iqv Qvov bxwz I AvBb cöyqy ch v q cöwzwbwaz Ki Z cvi Q bv Pv Rb Mvôxi gvby liv mgz ji Avw`evmx I ^ícwiwpz RvwZ Mvôxi g a Kej GKRb msm` m`m n Z c i Qb wkš wekvj msl K Rb Mvôxi g a GKRb LyeB Kg GgbwK wekvj Pv Rb Mvôxi gvby livi wb R `i K_v bxwz wba vik gn j cvvv Z cvi Q bv ` ki RvZxq bxwzgvjv I AvBbmg~ n Avw`evmxmn Ab vb ^í cwiwpz RvwZ Mvôx I Pv Rb Mvôxi `vex, AwaKvi I msmöv gi cöwzdjb NUv bvi Rb Zv `i ivr bwzk AskMÖnY evov bvi cvkvcvwk wewfbœ bxwzgvjv cöyqb cöwµqvq cöwzwbwaz wbwðz Kiv `ikvi GRb wb P D jøwlz e e v jv MÖnY Kiv Riæwi: Pv Rb Mvôx Ges Avw`evmx `i Rb RvZxq msm ` msiwÿz Avmb ivlv Avw`evmx Aaÿ wlz GjvKvq vbxq mikv i msiwÿz Avmb ivlv Avw`evmx, ^í cwiwpz RvwZ Mvôx, Pv Rb Mvôxi Rb c _K gš Yvjq Ges mswkøó Rb Mvôx _ K gš x wb qvm Kiv RvZxq bxwzgvjv Ges AvBb cöyqb msµvší KwgwU Z cöwzwbwaz Kivi I gzvgz `v bi my hvm `Iqv RvZxq bxwzgvjvmg~ n ^í cwiwpz RvwZ Mvôxmn mkj Avw`evmx Rb Mvôx I Pv Rb Mvôx m ú K c _K Aby Q` ivlv bvix I wkï myiÿv Pv köwgk bvix I Zv `i wkïiv me P q ewk Ae nwjz Ges cövwšík Rb Mvôxi g a I cövwšík Ae v b Av Q bvix Pv köwg Kiv `yb-wzb gvbj nu U evmv b wm q KvR K i Kv Ri cö qvr b evmv b nuvu Z nq gvb ji ci gvbj GZ cwikö gi c ii cywóki Lvevi _ K ewâz _v K bvixiv G Kvi Y Pv evmv bi bvixiv i³k~y Zv I Acywó Z fv Mb GLv b g q `i A b Ki Aíeq m we q nq Nb Nb Mf aviy, cöme c~e ez x I ciez x mevi Afvemn bvbv mgm vq Av Q bvixiv gv qi Acywói Kvi Y Kg IR bi wkïi Rb nq, gv I wkï g Zz i nvii ewk GQvov bvix I wkï `i hšb myiÿvi cöpð Afve Av Q AšÍtmË v Ae vq Pv köwgk K NÈvi ci NÈv `uvwo q KvR Ki Z nq hv ^v i Rb LyeB SuywKc~Y Pv köwgk `i gvz Z Kvjxb QzwU I fvzv mikvwi AvBb gvzv ek wbwðz Kiv cö qvrb GQvov cöm~wz QzwUKvjxb mg q cöm~wz I wkïi Ilya, wpwkrmv I cywóki Lvevi mieivn wbwðz Kiv cö qvrb cöwzwu Pv evmvb I duvwo evmv b wkï m`b K `ª wbg vy K i mlv b wkï `i we bv`b mvgmöx I cywóki Lv` mieivn Ki Z n e Pv evmv b bvix Kg Pvixi msl v evov Z n e cöwzwu evmv b hlv b cvzv Pqb nq, mlv b Ôbvix m` viõ wb qvm w` Z n e Pv evmv b bvix wkÿvi cömv i we kl e e v wb Z n e

12 22 Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv 23 bvix I wkïi hšb wbivcëv wbwðz Ki Z n e Kg ms vb GL bv Pv wk í wb qvwrz köwgk `i kvfb Kg cwi ek wbwðz Kiv nqwb Pv wk í wkïkög, B Qvi weiæ KvR Ki Z eva niqv, msmwvz niqvi e vcv i bvbv cöwzeükzv, ch vß grywi _ K eâbv, `ÿzv wekv k evav, gvbem ú` Dbœq b ch vß my hv Mi Afvemn bvbvgylx mgm v i q M Q Ab vb wk íi g Zv Pv wk í evmvb, f vwj I RvZxq wfwëk UªW BDwbqb Kivi AwaKvi w` Z n e Gi Rb cö qvrbxq AvBbx ms vi Kiv Ki Z n e Pv köwgk `i m PZbZv e w i j ÿ we` gvb bvbvwea AwaKvi m ú K cöwkÿ Yi Av qvrb Ki Z n e UªW BDwbqb KB G `vwqz wb Z n e Pv evmv b bzzb PvKzix m wói Afv e ekvi Z i nvi e w i cöwÿ Z ekvi `i KvwiMix cöwkÿy w` q Kg ms v bi my hvm K i w` Z n e Pv wkí mswkøó mkj cöwzôv b wb qv Mi ÿ Î Pv Rb Mvôxi hvm Zvm úbœ mšívb `i K AMÖvwaKvi w` Z n e mikvwi I Avav mikvwi mkj cöwzôv b wb qv Mi ÿ Î Pv Rb Mvôxi hvm Zvm úbœ mšívb `i we kl myweav w` Z n e Pv wk íi Dbœq b ivóª Ges gvwjk `i msmvb hme cwikíbv I cökí wb Q Zv Z köwg Ki Rxebgvb Dbœq bi welq K we klfv e vb w` Z n e Pv köwgk, evmvb Ges Pv wkí mswkøó Z _ i Aeva cöevn wbwðz Ki Z n e ` ki ivr bwzk `jmg~ ni KiYxq A bk G `i K ïay fvue vsk wnmv e we epbv bv K i ivrbxwz Z mwz Kv ii AskMÖn Yi my hvm K i `qv AZ ší Riæwi AZx Z hme A½xKvi ivr bwzk `jmg~n K i Q mme ch v jvpbv hgb Kiv DwPZ Zgwb wbe vp b G `i cöwzwbwa Z i e vcv i mywbw` ó c` ÿc biqv DwPZ ` ki we ekevb gvbyl Ges mykxj mgv RiI KZ e G `i cöwz ivr bwzk `j I iv óªi A½xKvi I `vwqz cvj b mvwe K mn hvwmzv `qv G RÛv cö wz KwgwU: g bviäb KvP, mfvcwz, evsjv `k Avw`evmx KvP Dbœqb mvmvbwu; wjub `e mb; BDwRb bk ik, mfvcwz, R qbkvwn Avw`evmx Dbœqb cwil`; my jlv gªs, AvwPK wgwpk mvmvbwu; cwigj wms evovbk, gšjfxevrvi Pv Rb Mvôx Avw`evmx d«u; Avkv Aibvj, Pv köwgk; RqšÍ Kg Kvi, Ggwm RGGd; _ vw`qvm wek vm, Avw`evmx M elyv I Dbœqb mvmvbwu; my mb Kzgvi m vg`yqvi, RvZxq Avw`evmx cwil` ( RGwc); wegj P `ª iv Rvqvo, RvZxq Avw`evmx cwil` ( RGwc); Zcb `Ë, mfvcwz, evsjv `k UªW BDwbqb m Uvi; A vw fv KU bvwmg, wmwbqi wjm vj KvD Ýji mwjwvwiwu m Uvi; ivgfrb ˆKwi, UªW BDwbqb bzv; Avn g` Avj Avgxb, jvi; gvt Avkivdyj nk, wimvp A vû WKz g Ukb Awdmvi; Ges wdwjc MvBb, cªvmªvg ww i±i Dcmsnvi Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZ Mvôxi gvby liv Mfxi ivr bwzk I Av_ mvgvwrk mgm vq RR wiz K qk cörb a i grywi eâbv, wkÿv I ^v mevq eâbvi wkkvi Gme gvbyl ïay h `wi`ª ZvB bq, Giv myweavewâz we kl cövwšík Rb Mvôx G `i K ïay `wi`ª Rb Mvôx we epbv Ki j Zviv h Mfxi mgm vq Wz e Av Q Zvi _ K cwiîv bi Dcvq bb myweaveâbvi cvkvcvwk Giv vbxq mgvr _ K wew Qbœ Kv bv Kv bv ÿ Î A ú k we epbvq G `i K `~ i ivlv nq Pv Rb Mvôxi GKwU eo mgm v n jv Giv mvaviy Pv evmv bi evb ii Kg RMZ I cwi e ki m ½ cwiwpz bb G Kvi Y G `i cöwz iv óªi evowz bri I myweav `Iqv Riæwi GRb iv óªi we kl bxwz, cwikíbv I mywbw` ó mev `Iqvi A½xKvi _vkv `ikvi cvkvcvwk XvKvq 8 m Þ ^i (2013) Òevsjv ` ki Pv köwgk I ^í-cwiwpz RvwZ Mvôxi gvby li gvbwpîvqy I mÿgzv e w Ó cök íi Bb mckb mwgbv i Av jvpbviz AskMÖnYKvixMb

13 24 Pv köwgk I ^ícwiwpz RvwZmË vmg~ ni ivr bwzk I Av_ -mvgvwrk G RÛv msweav bi 27 aviv ` ki mkj bvmwi Ki Rb mgvbvwakv ii wbðqzv `q: ÔmKj bvmwik AvB bi ` wó Z mgvb Ges AvB bi mgvb AvkÖq jv fi AwaKvix Õ GKBfv e 28 (1) avivq ejv n q Q Ô Kej ag, Mvôx, ey, bvix-cyiæl f` ev Rb v bi Kvi Y Kv bv bvmwi Ki cöwz ivóª ˆelg cö`k b Ki e bv Õ Pv Rb Mvôxi Rb msweav b ewy Z Gme AwaKvi iÿvq ivóª Zvi `vwqz h_vh_fv e cvjb Ki Q wk? köxg½j GjvKvi Pv köwgk GK bvix ivrkvnxi Mv`vMvox DcwRjvi f wgr câ`k ms kvabx cöyqb K i mevb K ÔevOvjxÕ K i Avw`evmx `i A ^xkvi K i Ges ciez x Z mikvi RvwZmsN K e j `q, Ô ` k Kv bv Avw`evmx bb Õ 2011 mv j 25 Ryb RvZxq msm ` msweavb (câ`k ms kvab) wej 2011 DÌvcb Kiv nq IB we j ez gvb msweav bi 6 b ^i Aby Q ` ejv n q Q, Ôevsjv ` ki RbMY RvwZ wn m e evovjx Ges bvmwikmy evsjv `kx ewjqv cwiwpz nb eb Õ G ms kvabx Z Avw`evmx `i ÔDcRvwZÕ, Ôÿz`ª RvwZmË võ I Ôÿz`ª m úª`vqõ e j AwfwnZ Kiv n q Q we ÍvwiZ Kv bv Av jvpbv QvovB 30 Ryb wejwu cvm nq