The International year of light 2015 The Open University animation Arabic translation

Transcription

1 The International year of light 2015 The Open University animation Arabic translation United Nations Cultural Organization In support of International Year of Light has been declared by the United Nations General Assembly as the International Year of Light and Light based Technology (IYL2015). By proclaiming the IYL2015, the United Nations, together with 100 partners over 85 countries, is recognising the importance of light and light based technology in the lives of the citizens of the world and for the future development of global society on many levels also coincides with the anniversaries of a series of milestones in the history of the science of light that are celebrated during the year: 1000 years of The book Of Optics by Ibn Al Haytham (1015), 200 years of the Wavelength s Theory of Light by Fresnel (1815), 150 years of the Electromagnetic Theory of Light by Maxwell (1865), 100 years of General Relativity by Einstein (1915), 60 years of the discovery of the Cosmic Microwave Background by Penzias & Wilson and the implementation of Fibre Optics in communication by Charles Kao (1965). All these scientists have changed the world with their revolutionary ideas and the Open University, Gold sponsor for IYL2015, is now proud to present them in a way that you have never seen before. Thanks to volunteers from all around the world we are now able to provide a translated transcript of this animation in a variety of languages in the hope that it can be used to inspire the children worldwide. Please find the translated text in Arabic, together with the original English version and the visual description. Cartoon details & credits: Executive production: Lucia Marchetti & Sas Amoah, The Open University (UK) Production company: Damn Fine Media Illustrations: Dan Evans Supporters: The Open University, South East Physics Network (SEPnet) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS) Credits: The Open University (executive production), Dan Evans (illustrations) Arabic ranslation & voice over: Sara JAFGHALI (Al Akhawayn University) Muhammad Baraa Karate, Talib Al Mishlab and Deena Dajani For any special enquiries, comments or feedbacks please send an to: lucia.marchetti@open.ac.uk; marchetti.lu@gmail.com VISUAL TEXT للض وء الدولي ة الس نة Hand assembles title. The International Year of light Celebrating seven scientists ف ي ساھموا بع لماء االحتف اء who changed the world, and our.للض وء وفھمن ا الع الم تغي ير understanding of light. 1

2 Hand draws stage. Enter our 7 famous scientists. They wave. Hand adds fridge magnet number 1, adds Ibn Al Haytham with name beneath. Then text saying: The Book of Optics and 1015 slides on. Hand creates Egyptian landscape backdrop. Enter Al Haytham. Water floods in carrying furniture, underwear, a goat. The water fills up to his neck. Speech bubble appears from person off camera Sort it out. البصري ات كت اب الھيث م اب ن In the 11th Century, Arab من طلب عش ر الح ادي الق رن ف ي scientist, Ibn Al Haytham, was حال يج د أن الھيث م اب ن الع ربي الع ال م told to work out how to regulate نھ ر ف ي تق ع ال تي للفياض انات the erratic flooding of the River.الني ل Nile. Hand creates lab interior. Add Al Haytham working on machine. Water floods in, including pants. He picks them up and puts them on his head. He speaks gibberish: Marmalade! Catnip! Titchmarsh! He soon realised it was utterly impossible and, fearing execution, he pretended to be insane. مستحيل األم ر أن أدرك ما س رعان لكن ه تظ اھر ي عدم أن من وخوف ا كلي ا.ب الجنون Hand creates home interior. Add Al Haytham in straightjacket. He is sat at a table with a candle on it and a book. He writes with pen in his teeth. He shuts book to reveal it is The Book of Optics. We see light shine from the candle into his eyes. The door opens and he quickly puts pants on head (with foot) and says Helipad, Bozo, Pancakes. The door closes. The speech bubble vanishes. Al Haytham smiles. Hand creates racetrack. Al Haytham runs on in straightjacket holding candle in mouth. We go to close up of him. When we return to a wide shot, Augustin Jean Fresnel is waiting in front of him, in Victorian swimsuit. Al Haytham s candle pings to He was placed under house arrest: bad news for Al Haytham, good news for civilisation. He suddenly had a lot of free time to continue his studies. Eventually he wrote The Book of Optics, which showed how vision takes place when light enters the eye. Al Haytham had furthered our understanding of light s nature and 800 years later Augustin Jean Fresnel, while discovering the wave nature of light, would create something truly illuminating, with his aptly named, Fresnel lens. شك ل ما الجبري ة اإلقام ة تح ت و ضعه ت م وف ي.ل ه بالنس بة س يئا خ برا للبشري ة سار ا الخ بر ك ان المقاب ل الوق ت من الكث ير للع ال م أص بح حي ث مواص لة من خالل ه من تمك ن الف ارغ حول كتاب ا ي ؤل ف أن واس تطاع.س تهدرا ت رى كي ف خالل ه من يش رح البصري ات.الض وء يخترقھ ا عن دما العي ن مفھومن ا الھيث م اب ن أن ار لق د ٨٠٠ مرور بع د و.الض وء لطبيع ة فرين ل جان أوغس تان اخ ترع س نة للطبيع ة استكتش افه حي ن علي ه أطل ق رائع ا شيئ ا للض وء الموجي ة.فرين ل عدس ة اس م 2

3 appear in Fresnel s hand. Fresnel runs off screen. Hand creates sea with lighthouse background. Fresnel dives into the water and swims toward lighthouse. Hand adds fridge magnet number 2, adds Augustin Jean Fresnel with name beneath. Then text saying Wave nature of light and 1815 slides on Hand assembles interior of lighthouse with inferior unattractive lens mirror. Enter Fresnel in Victorian swimwear holding big unwieldy Fresnel lens. He swaps them. Hand assembles sea and lighthouse at night. Light bursts out of lighthouse. The Fresnel lens appear in front of the light and separates it Hand places down magazine called Science Hunks with Fresnel on cover, then a magazine on top called Naval Gazer with Fresnel on front. Hand adds Fresnel on podium. Text enters above scene saying SLOW LEARNER. It zooms offscreen and is replaced by text saying THE FATHER OF THE WAVE THEORY OF LIGHT We see the sea with rocks. Real hand places lighthouse on it with light shining out. The lighthouse changes into a big question mark shape:?, same colours as lighthouse, as if it has stretched and morphed. Hand adds fridge magnet number 3, adds James Clerk Maxwell with name beneath. Then text saying The Fresnel lens can project light for miles around; and soon became the big thing in keeping ships off rocks. And Fresnel s ground breaking studies into wave theory have seen him become just as popular with scientists as sea captains A slow learner, who couldn t read at aged 8, he is now considered the Father of the wave theory of light. Although Fresnel had laid the foundations... The nature of light remained a mystery until James Clerk Maxwell discovered the deep connection between electricity and magnetism. تس ليط فرين ل عدس ة بإمك ان جعلھ ا مم ا أمي ال محي ط عل ى الض وء ف ي علي ه الم عتمد الرئيس ي الش يء الص خور عن الس فن إبع اد ف ي لفرين ل الرائ دة الدراس ات ش ھرة أك ثر جعلت ه الموج ات نظري ة ربابن ة ول دى الع لماء ص فوف ف ي س واء حد عل ى البح ر يك ن ل م إذ تعل مه ب طء ف رغم س ن ف ي وھو ح تى الق راءة يس تطيع ي صبح أن اس تطاع أن ه إال الثامن ة للض وء الموجي ة النظري ة رائ د حينھ ا ق د فرين ل ك ون من ال رغم عل ى...األس س وض ع غامضة ظل ت الض وء طبيع ة أن إال أن إل ى الص لة ماكس ويل ك الرك اكتش ف الكھرب اء بي ن ت ربط يال ت الوثيق ة.والمغناطيسي ة 3

4 Electromagnetic waves and 1865 slides on. Hand creates dark dungeon. Enter Maxwell with lamp shining. The light from lamp changes into the electromagnetic wave Hand creates lab background. Icons representing electricity and magnetism are on shelf. Enter Maxwell holding sack. He grabs both and throws them in bag. The bag rattles about. He looks worried. Hand add fridge magnet number 4, adds Albert Einstein with name beneath. Then text saying General Relativity and 1915 slides on. Einstein holds up ring and looks proud. Hand creates Observatory background with telescope. Enter female scientist character. She looks into telescope. We see view through telescope with one galaxy as ring round another. Hand creates the gravitational lensing image. First add earth, then lens, then distant galaxy Hand creates space with huge Einstein head in centre and ring of lots of little Einstein heads all around it. The ring of heads are a different colour to the one in the centre. The big Einstein winks. Hand add number 5, adds Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson with names beneath. Then text In discovering electromagnetic force he proved that light is in fact an electromagnetic wave. Maxwell was the first scientist to unify any of nature s fundamental forces and a great influence on our next hero, Albert Einstein, whose theory of General Relativity gave us (Epic Voice) One ring to rule them all. With General Relativity Einstein theorised the phenomenon known as gravitational lensing. It explains why distant galaxies sometimes appear shaped like a ring wrapped around a closer galaxy. During gravitational lensing, a heavy object bends the space around it making a lens. This can magnify the light of a distant galaxy, presenting it as a ring around the closer one. الق وة اكتش اف خ الل فم ن أن ي ثبت أن اس تطاع الكھرومغناطيسي ة موجة عن عبارة فعال الض وء.كھرومغناطيسي ة ق ام عالم أ ول ماكس ويل ي عتبر للطبيع ة األساسي ة الق وى بتوحي د أل برت الت الي بطلن ا ف ي أث ر مم ا النسبي ة نظري ة ص احب آينش تاين الش ھيرة العام ة ق ام العام ة النسبي ة نظري ة خ الل من ي طلق ظاھرة بتفس ير اينش تاين وال تي الجاذبي ة عدس ة اس م عليھ ا البعي دة المجر ات ظھور ف ي تتجل ى مجرة حول ملفوفة حلقة ش كل عل ى أحيان ا أق رب ت ؤث ر الجاذبي ة عدس ة ظاھرة خ الل عل ى جدا الكب ير ال وزن ذات األجس ام والمنبع ث منھا بالق رب الم ار الض وء إي اه جاعلة البعي دة المجر ات من حلقة ش كل عل ى ي صبح ح تى يتنح ى أق رب بمجرات ت حيط Einstein had taken our understanding of light far into ليص ل للض وء فھمن ا تط ور وق د الفض اء إل ى outer space and soon Arno الع الم بفض ل الخارج ي أرن و بع ده وجاء اينش تاين Penzias and Robert Wilson ويلس ون روب رتو بينزي اس would detect the earliest hum of..باس تخدام كوني ة ھمسة أ ول ليلتقط ا the cosmos using a... 4

5 saying Cosmic Microwave Background and 1965 slides on. A microwave appears in their hands. They throw it aside. Hand creates Bachelor flat with microwave. Add Robert Wilson in vest waiting by microwave which is on. It beeps and opens as if finished. We zoom into microwave and see the cosmic microwave background Hand adds their antenna Enter Penzias and Wilson on top of it wearing aprons. They mop it. They look up and smile. Hand creates awards event background. Enter Penzias and Wilson. A shared Nobel Prize appears in their hands. Pigeon poo lands on it. They both look up angrily. Hand adds number 6, adds Charles Kao with name beneath. Then text saying Optical fibre technology and 1965 slides on. Hand creates psychedelic pattern background with psychedelic text saying Glass ain't groovy Text leaves scene. Enter Charles Kao carrying chunk of glass and copper. He throws copper over shoulder and kisses glass comically. Hand makes 60s British office backdrop and adds Kao at device that resembles spaghetti machine. He puts chunk of glass into the device and churns out glass fibres. He says Fiberoptics! Microwave (Clears throat)... using microwaves! Yes by detecting the very same light that warms many a bachelor s lonely heart, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discovered the echo of the big bang موجات باس تعمال..الميك روويف الميك روويف نف س عن الكش ف خ الل فم ن!أجل ف ي الطع ام لتدفئ ة الم ستخدم الض وء أرن و تم كن يك روويفال م ف رن من ويلس ون وروب رت بينزي اس العظي م االنفج ار ص دى اكتش اف At first they thought the غراب ة س بب أن ظن ا البداي ة ف ي strange radio signal was caused فض الت من كان ت ال راديو إش ارة antenna. by pigeon poo in their اإلش ارة ظل ت إزالتھ ا رغم أن ه إال الحم ام But with the poo removed... the signal remained. They won a Nobel Prize for their work, an accolade they share with our last hero of light, Charles Kao. Back in the 60s, most engineers thought glass was an inefficient medium for carrying Telecommunications. But Charles Kao (and George Alfred Hockham) believed it could be better than copper. He found that by purifying glass and bundling it into fibres, it could carry huge amounts of information over long distances using light. نتيج ة نوب ل بج ائزة الع ال مان ف از آخر مع تقاس مھا جائزة عملھما تش ارلز :الض وء مي دان ف ي أبطالن ا ك او يعتق د ك ان الس تينيات ف ي الز جاج أن المھندس ين م عظم االتص االت لنق ل فع الة غير وس يلة ألفري د وجورج) ك او تش ارلز أن إال أفض ل يك ون ق د أن ه م قتنعا ك ان (ھوكام النح اس من الز جاج تنقي ة خ الل من أن ه و جد حي ث ي مكن ألي اف ش كل عل ى وتجميع ه ع بر المعلوم ات من ھائلة كمي ات نق ل.الض وء عل ى باالعتم اد طويلة مسافات 5

6 Hand assembles desk and laptop. Skype style window appears with Kao in it. He waves. And thanks to Kao, we can now communicate from one side of the world to the other in an instant. بإمكانن ا أص بح ك او وبفض ل بأشخاص االتص ال رب ط الي وم الع الم بق ع م ختلف ف ي يتواج دون فق ط لحظات بض ع وف ي Hand assembles stage. All seven scientists enter smiling. Neon text slides on above them saying International Year of Light. It flickers and comes on. We hear cheering. They wave. All these scientists have made history in the field of light and in ت اريخ ص نعوا العلم اء ھؤالء س نة ف ي الي وم نح ن وھا الض وء 2015 we re celebrating the السنوي ة بال ذكرى نحتف ل ٢٠١٥ anniversaries of their االحتف ال إطار ف ي الكتش افاتھم discoveries as part of the للض وء الدولي ة بالس نة International Year of Light. The IYL logo appears, then the website link and the sponsor logos small in the bottom of the screen. 6