22 8 Vol. 22 No Journal of A rid Land Resources and Environment Aug. 2008
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1 22 8 Vol. 22 No Journal of A rid Land Resources and Environment Aug : (2008) ,, (, ) :, 19, 82. 6%, 5, ;,,, : ; ; : Q16 : A 1 (Calligonum L. ), 35 [ 1 2 ], 23, 8,, ,, : ( Sect. Calliphysa ( Pall. ) Endl. Gen. ) ( Sect. Ptcrococcus ( Pall. ) Endl. Gen. ) ( Sect. Calligonumu Sect. P tteygobasis Borszcz. ) ( Sect. Medusa Sosk. et A lexandr. ) 19 [ 3 ], ( Ca lligonum juochiangense C. pum ilum ), 82. 6% 2, ( C. arborescens) (C. caput - m edusae ) ; 5 [ 4 ], (C. trifa rium ) (C. yingisari2 um ) (C. kuerlese) (C. jim unaicum ) (5) ( C. klem entzii) 62. 5%, 2. 2, 2 4,, ;,,,,,,,, 1 :,,, 2. 3 ( 2) : 2X,, 3 : : : :, ( ),,,.. E - mail: luckfy@m s. xjb. ac. cn
2 Tab. 1 Flower color, seed types of Sect. M edusa Sosk. et A lexandr of Calligonum (mm) ( ) C. m ongolicum C. gobicum C. chinense C. pum ilum C. trifarium C. ebinuricum , C. jem inaicum C. arborescens C. caput - m edusae , C. roborowski C. kuerlese , C. yingisaricum [ 5 ] 3 29, 5 Tab. 2 The chromosome number of deferent Calligonum 15, 6 9, 8 C. junceum 18 2X 18, 9 15 C. leucocladum 18 2X l18d 2, C. aphyllum 36 4X 8, [ 6 ] 3 C. rubicundum 36 4X C. cordatum 18 2X C. densum 18 2X, C. klem entzii 18 (24) 2X (3 ), C. m ongolicum 18 (27) 2X 3X C. pum ilum 18 2X,, C. ebi - nuricum 18 2X C. arborescens 18 2X C. caput - m edusae 36 4X,, C. roborovskii 36 4X,, 60, (4 ),,,, 40 3 ( / ) Tab. 3 The phonological phases of deferent Calligonum in Turupan Calligonum calliphysa /3 /3 /4 - /5 /10 C. leucocadum /3 /4 /4 - /5 /10 C. rubicundum /3 /4 /4 - /5 /10 C. aphyllum /3 /4 /4 - /5 /10 C. kiem entzii /3 /4 /4 - /5 /10 C. densum /3 /4 /4 - /5 /10 C. cordatum /3 /4 /4 - /5 /10 Calligonum m ongolicum /3 /4 /4 - /5 /10 Calligonum pum ilum /4 /4 /4 - /5 /10 Calligonum ebinuricum /3 /4 /4 - /5 /11 Calligonum arborescens /3 /4 /4 - /5 /10 Calligonum caput - m edusae /3 /4 /4 - /5 /10 Calligonum roborowski /4 /4 /4 - /5 /11, 3,,,,,,,,,,, 7
3 8 141,,,,,,,,,, 2. 5,,,,,,, [ 7 ] : C 4,, mol/m 2 / s; 4 10, cm g [ 8 ],,,,,,,,,,,,,, [ 9 ] : > > > > > > ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 30m, 6m, , - 40 C, ,, ( ),,, ,,,, : ( 4),, : 13, : C. junceum C. leucocladum C. aphyllum C. rubicundum C. densum C. colubrinum C. squarrosum C. klem en tzii C. m ongolicum C. gobicum C. trifarium C. ebi - nurcum C. jim unaicum 6, : C. junceum C. leucocladum C. corda tum C. m ongolicum C. pum ilum C. roborovskii 7, : C. junceum C. m ongolicum C. ch inense C. roborovskii C. kuerlense C. yingisaricum Calligonum juochiangense
4 Tab. 4 D istribution of the species of Calligonum L. in the world Name Russia Mongolia Turkmenistan Kazakhstan Tajikistan Uzbekistan SW A sia C. junceum C. leucocladum W Siberia C. aphyllum W est C. rubicundum W Siberia W EST - NORTH C. cordatum C. densum W EST C. colubrinum East C. squarrosum East C. klem entzii East C. m ongolicum m iddle west west C. gobicum SW west norther C. chinense East C. pum ilum East C. zaidam ense C. alaschanicum west west C. trifarium C. ebi - nurcum? C. jim unaicum W EST - NORTH C. arborescens C. caput - m edusae C. roborovskii west East South C. kuerlense C. yingisaricum,,,, : = 2J / ( Tab. 5 The correlation analysis among churchyard in Xinjiang a b) : a a ; b b ; J ,, , ( 5),,, (0. 46),,,, 19,,, 37 ;, 48 ; 76 ;, 94 : ;,,,,,,, [ ],, 60,,,,, East
5 8 143,,, (1) (C. rubicundum ),,, 10-60% (A rtem isia albi2 cerata) ( Ephedra lom atolepis) (A griophyllum squarosum ) (A ristida pennata) ( E rem u rus inderiensis) (Ceratocarpus a renarius) (L eym us racem osus) ( Salso2 la affin is) (Chond rilla am bigua), ,,, (Haloxylon persicum ) (2) (C. leucocladum ),, +, (A. heym annii) (Corisperm um lehm ann ianum ) (S. arbuscula), 20%, (Heterocaryum rigidum ), 20% (3) (C. ebi - nu rcum ), 30 40% (H. amm odendron), (4) ( C. aphyllum ),, 40%, : + +, (A stragalus ka rka rensis) (Heliotropium argusioides) ( Horan2 inovia ulicina) ( Krascheninnikovia latens) (L. m yosotis) (5) (C. densum ), (Amm odendron bifolium ) ( Tam arix ram osissim a) (A traphaxis frutescens), 40% (6) (C. cordatum ), 2m, 2 5m (N itra ria sphaerocarpa) (Halim odend ron halodendron), (7) (C. junceum ),, (R eaum uria soongorica) ( S. brachia ta), (A nabasis salsa) 50% (8) (C. klein entzii),, 30% (A. san2 tolinum ) (S. pestifer) (9) (Calligonum ), 10%, ( E. przew alskii) (10) (Calligonum pum ilum ),,, ( Iljin ia rege2 lii) (11) (Calligonum korlaense) 29 30, 2O % ( Zygophyllum xan thoxylon) (12) (C. roborovskii),,, 5%,, + + +, [ 1 ]. [M ]. :, [ 2 ]Bao B - J, Grabovskaya - Borodina A E. Calligonum L. In: W u Z - Y, Raven P H eds. Flora of China[M ]. Beijing: Science Press; St. Louis: M issouri Botanical Garden Press. 2003, 5: [ 3 ]. [M ]. :, 1996, [ 4 ],,. [ J ]., 2003, 23 (2) : [ 5 ],. [ J ]., 1985, 6 (1) :
6 [ 6 ],. [A ]. [ C ]. 2001, [ 7 ],. C4 [ J ]., 2005, 29 (1) : 1 7. [ 8 ], Frankm. Thomas, Xim ing Zhang. [ J ] , 27 (4) : [ 9 ],. [ J ]., 1992, 6 (4) : [ 10 ],. [ J ]., 1988, 24 (2) : [ 11 ]. [M ]. :, 1978, [ 12 ]. ( 1) [M ]. :, 1985, [ 13 ] T. I. KHAN. Conservation of biobiodiversity in western India[ J ]. The Environmentalist, 1997, 17: B iod iversity and D istr ibution Pa ttern of Ca lligonum L. in Xinjiang FENG Ying, PAN Bo - rong, YAN Cheng (Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, U rumqi , China) Abstract Xinjiang is the p rovince in China with the most Calligonum L. There are 19 species, 82. 6% which takes of total in China and among them 5 species are endem ic species in Xinjiang, which m ainly distribute in Junger Basin. The biodiversity characteristics of species, chromosom e, phenology, stress resistance and distribution pat2 tern were discussed. The research p robed to the relationship between Ca lligonum L. biodiversity and the environ2 ment. These help to study the ecological structure and functions and p rovide the scientific basis for manage2 ment and p rotection of Ca lligonum L. in Xinjiang. Key words: Ca lligonum L. ; biodiversity; distribution pattern
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