Analysis of China s Haze Days in the Winter Half-Year and the Climatic Background during
|
|
- Jeffry Stanley
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH 5(1): 1-6, DOI: /SP.J CHANGES IN CLIMATE SYSTEM Analysis of China s Haze Days in the Winter Half-Year and the Climatic Background during SONG Lian-Chun 1,2, GAO Rong 1,2, LI Ying 1,2, WANG Guo-Fu 1,2 1 National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing , China 2 Laboratory for Climate Studies, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing , China Abstract The characteristics of haze days and the climatic background are analyzed by using daily observations of haze, precipitation, mean and maximum wind speed of 664 meteorological stations for the period of The results show that haze days occur significantly more often in eastern China than in western China. The annual number of haze days is 5 30 d in most parts of central-eastern China, with some areas experiencing more than 30 d, while less than 5 d are averagely occurring in western China. Haze days are mainly concentrated in the winter half-year, with most in winter, followed by autumn, spring, and then summer. Nearly 20% of annual haze days are experienced in December. The haze days in central-eastern China in the winter half-year have a significant increasing trend of 1.7 d per decade during There were great increases in haze days in the 1960s, 1970s and the beginning of the 21st century. There was also significant abrupt changes of haze days in the early 1970s and 2000s. From 1961 to 2012, haze days in the winter half-year increased in South China, the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and North China, but decreased in Northeast China, eastern Northwest China and eastern Southwest China. The number of persistent haze is rising. The Longer the haze, the greater the proportion to the number persistent haze. Certain climatic conditions exacerbated the occurrence of haze. The correlation coefficient between haze days and precipitation days in the winter half-year is mainly negative in central-eastern China. The precipitation days show a decreasing trend in most parts of China, with a rate of around 4.0 d per decade in central-eastern China, which reduces the sedimentation capacity of atmospheric pollutants. During the period of , the correlation coefficients between haze days and mean wind speed and strong wind days are mainly negative in central-eastern China, while there exists positive correlation between haze days and breeze days in the winter half-year. The mean wind speed and strong wind days are decreasing, while breeze days are increasing in most parts of China, which is benefitial to the reduction of the pollutants diffusion capacity. As a result, haze occurs more easily. Keywords: haze; winter half-year; precipitation days; wind speed Citation: Song, L.-C., R. Gao, Y. Li, et al., 2014: Analysis of China s haze days in the winter half-year and the climatic background during Adv. Clim. Change Res., 5(1), doi: /SP.J Introduction Haze is a weather phenomena affecting the visibility of lower atmosphere, which is caused by a large number of very fine dry dust evenly floating in the air and resulting in a horizontal visibility below 10 km at common air turbidity [CMA, 2003]. In the case of haze, the fine particles are difficult to diffuse due to stable atmospheric stratification leading to a serious threat to people s health [Bai et al., 2006]. Many scholars have studied the composition and climate characteristics of haze in the past. Malm [1992] Received: 18 November 2013 Corresponding author: SONG Lian-Chun, songlc@cma.gov.cn 1
2 2 ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH found that the low visibility in haze over the U.S. was mainly caused by sulfate aerosols, while Schichtel et al. [2001] analyzed the haze trend in the U.S. during and found that haze days have reduced by about 10% since the implementation of the Clean Air Act, and this decline is synchronous with the SO 2 emissions. In recent years, with the rapid urbanization and economic development in China, increases in air pollutants and haze have become severe weather events. Domestic studies show that, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, North China, and South China have become haze-prone areas and the annual haze days in China had increased significantly from 1961 to 2005 [Gao, 2008; Hu and Zhou, 2009]. After the 1980s, haze days obviously increased, and occurred often in winter. The total haze days in December and January accounted for 30% of the whole year [Wu et al., 2010]. The increase of haze days is not only closely related to the concentration of air pollutants [Tong et al., 2007], but also to the meteorological conditions at the surface. In addition, wind speed, relative humidity and the concentration of PM2.5 (particles smaller than 2.5 µm) play major role in the formation of haze [Hu et al., 2009]. Additionally, the zonal circulation is closely related to the frequency of haze in the Pearl River Delta [Wu et al., 2008]. In summary, Chinese scholars have carried out studies on climate characteristics and variations in haze, but only few focused on the relationship between large-scale climate change and haze. In this paper, the latest observational data is used to systematically analyze the temporal variation of haze days in the winter half-year during , and to explore the change characteristics of climatic background affecting haze from a climate change perspective. meteorological stations with complete records for at least 30 years for the period In China, 664 stations are available with such records. In order to identify the causes of changes in haze days, daily precipitation, mean and maximum wind speed from the above stations are also used. The least square method is used for linear regression, and the sliding T method [Afifi and Azen, 1972] is used to test whether there is a mean mutation in the sequence. The latter method is artificial in its selection of the sub-sequence length and may cause a drifting mutation. The M-K test [Goossens and Berger, 1986] is used for the significance testing of the linear trends. 3 Climatic changes of haze days 3.1 Climatic distribution of haze days For the period , the annual haze days show a spatial decrease from east to west (Figure omitted). In the west, annual haze days less than 5 d are observed in most areas, and even less in the northeast and the middle-east of Inner Mongolia. Annual haze days of 5 30 d are observed in North China, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and South China. Haze days more than 30 d occur in the middle of Guangdong, northeastern Guangxi, northern Jiangxi, northern Zhejiang, southern Jiangsu, central Henan, and southern Shanxi, which is consistent with other studies [Gao, 2008; Hu and Zhou, 2009]. The above analysis showed that haze mainly occurs in central-eastern China (east of 100 E and south of 42 N), with most in winter, accounting for 41.9% of annual haze days, followed by autumn (27.7%), spring (20.5%), and summer (10.1%) (Fig. 1). On monthly 2 Materials and methods The haze data are taken from the Dataset of Haze Days in China provided by the national meteorological data storage and retrieval system of the National Meteorological Information Center. This dataset draws up daily haze observations based on the criteria of the weather phenomenon, but not by revising relative humidity. Data is also taken from observations at Figure 1 Proportion of monthly haze days in centraleastern China ( mean)
3 SONG Lian-Chun et al. / Analysis of China s Haze Days in the Winter Half-Year and the Climatic Background... 3 basis, haze most frequently occurs in December in central-eastern China, accounting for 17.6% of all annual haze days, followed by January (15.5%), but with the least frequency in July (only 2.5%). 3.2 Climatic change in haze days a more change in the 1980s in Southwest and North China, but only one change in Northeast China. The trend test shows that there is tendency mutation (increasing trend of slowing) in haze days in centraleastern China from the late 1970s to the early 1980s, which is not significant at the 95% confidence level. The above analysis showed that haze days mainly occur in the winter half-year (October to March) in China. Haze days in the winter half-year in centraleastern China show an increasing trend for the period of , particularly high increases are found in central-northern South China and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, while decreases are apparent in Northeast China, the eastern parts of Northwest China and of Southwest China (Fig. 2). In central South China and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the average increase in haze days is more than 1 d per year. The increasing trends of most stations in North China, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and South China are significant at the 95% confidence level, while only few show a significant decrease in Northeast China, eastern Northwest China, and Southwest China. In , central-eastern China shows significant increasing trends in average haze days in the winter half-year, with the rate of 1.7 d per decade (Fig. 3). Furthermore, there is an obvious interdecadal change in haze days. From the 1960s to the mid-1970s, the number of haze days is less than the average, but with an obvious increase. From the late 1970s to the 1990s, the number of haze days fluctuates slightly lower than the average; but since 2001, haze days increase significantly with an average number of 10.2 d (3.1 d more than average). The increase in haze days from the 1960s to the 1980s is consistent with the increase in the aerosol optical depth [Luo et al., 2001] for the same period, which may also be related to the changes in observation methods. After testing the subsequence of haze days in the winter half-year of central-eastern China, Southwest China, South China, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, North China, and Northeast China, the haze days in most areas showed two abrupt changes in the 1970s and the early 2000s, as well as Figure 2 Spatial distribution of linear trends in haze days (unit: d per year) during the winter half-year in China from 1961 to 2012 (solid dot represents a significance at the 95% confidence level) Figure 3 Variations of haze days during the winter halfyear averaged for central-eastern China from 1961 to 2012 In the beginning of the 21st century, the number of persistent haze in central-eastern China in the winter half-year increases significantly (Fig. 4). During the period , the number of persistent haze for consecutive 3 days has increased from 222 to 493; the number of persistent haze for consecutive 4 days has increased from 124 to 296; the number of persistent haze for consecutive 5 days has increased from 75 to 188; the number of persistent haze for consecutive 6 days has increased from 47 to 127. They are 2.2, 2.4, 2.6 and 2.7 times respectively of the means. It indicates that in the early 21st century, the number
4 4 ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH Figure 4 The number of persistent haze events in the winter half-year during in central-eastern China of haze days increases, and the persistent haze is also increasing. 4 The climatic causes of changes in haze days There are two preconditions for the occurrence of haze: at first large number of pollutants exist in the air, and secondly a stable atmospheric stratification and minor wind speed are apparent. When the air contains many pollutants and the atmospheric stratification is stable, the pollutants cannot be dispersed in time, then haze appears. Main sources of air pollutants include ground dust, automobile exhaust, industrial exhaust and heating exhaust in winter [Zhang et al., 2010; Song et al., 2012; Gao et al., 2012]. From the 1980s, Chinese economy has developed fast and the urbanization progress has been accelerated, which mainly increases industrial exhaust. Meanwhile, the number of automobiles increased rapidly. For example, car ownership in Beijing in 2012 was 2.6 times of that in The increase in automobiles possession and traffic jams further worsen the amount of pollutants from automobile exhaust. All these are important reasons for the increase in haze days in the last decade in central-eastern China. Furthermore, the climatic conditions, which hinder the diffusion of pollutants, will aggravate haze disaster. According to the linear tendency of precipitation days in the winter half-year from 1961 to 2012 obtained from nationwide stations, the number of precipitation days of all regions reduced with the exception of southern Xinjiang. Precipitation days reduced at d per year in most areas of central-eastern China and more than 1 d per year in the southwestern Yunnan province (Figure omitted). When precipitation days reduce, the scouring action of rainfall on air pollutants will weaken and pollutant particles will sustain in the air for a longer time. In this case, haze will probably appear. The average number of precipitation days in central-eastern China reduced greatly ( 4.0 d per decade). A significant negative correlation ( 0.71) between haze days and precipitation days was observed. According to the correlation coefficient between haze days and precipitation days in the winter half-year obtained from all stations (Fig. 5a), Huanghuai region, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and South China, which observe more haze days, show significant negative correlation. Wind speed might reflect the change in atmospheric stability, and indirectly show the self-cleaning capability of air. From the aspect of dynamic conditions, wind transports local pollutants to other areas or heights to fully blend with the air and finally dilutes the pollutants and so that the air quality is improved. The mean wind speed in most regions of China in winter reduced at the rate of 0.5 to 0.1 m s 1 per decade, with some regions lower than 0.5 m s 1 per decade (Figure omitted). The number of haze days averaged in central-eastern China in winter have significant negative correlation ( 0.68) with the mean wind speed. According to the correlation coefficients between haze days and mean wind speed across all stations (Fig. 5b), significant negative correlation is found in the Huanghuai region, and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, while there are positive correlations in Northeast China, eastern Northwest China, and most areas of Guangdong province. The strong wind days (maximum wind speed 10 m s 1 ) and breeze days (maximum wind speed 3 m s 1 ) may indicate atmospheric stability to some extent. From 1961 to 2012, strong wind days and breeze days in the winter half-year show an opposite tendency. In other words, strong wind days reduce, while
5 SONG Lian-Chun et al. / Analysis of China s Haze Days in the Winter Half-Year and the Climatic Background... 5 Figure 5 Spatial distribution of correlation coefficients between haze days and precipitation days (a), and mean wind speed (b), and breeze days (c), and strong wind days (d) in the winter half-year during in China (the solid dot represents a significant trend at the 95% confidence level) breeze days increase (Figure omitted). The reduction rate of strong wind days in North China, normally above 10 d per decade, is higher than that in South China (merely below 5 d per decade). On the other hand, breeze days increase dramatically (10 d per decade) in the Yangtze River regions, but without great increases in the northeast, north, and south of China (0 10 d per decade). The correlation coefficient between haze days and strong wind days averaged in central-eastern China in winter half-year is 0.79, while that between haze days and breeze days is These two coefficients are significant at the 99% confidence level. In most stations in central-eastern China, haze days show positive correlation with breeze days, but negative correlation with strong wind days in the winter half-year. Some of these correlation coefficients are significant at the 95% confidence level (Fig. 5c & 5d). 5 Conclusions and discussion (1) The results show that more haze days significantly occur in eastern China than in western China. The annual number of haze days ranges at 5 30 d in most areas of central-eastern China, with some areas more than 30 d, while less than 5 d are observed in western China. Haze days are mainly concentrated in the winter half-year, and most haze days occur in winter, followed by autumn and spring, with the least in summer. Monthly haze days in December are the most, with nearly 20% of the annual haze days. (2) Haze days in the winter half-year averaged in central-eastern China have a significant increasing trend of 1.7 d per decade for the period Sharp increases in haze days occurred in the 1960s, the 1970s, and the beginning of the 21st century. There was a remarkable abrupt change of haze days in the early 1970s and the beginning of the 21st century. From 1961 to 2012, haze days in winter half-year increased in South China, the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River and North China, but decreased in Northeast China, eastern Northwest China and eastern Southwest China. Long persistent haze events increased more significantly than the short ones. (3) Unfavorable climatic conditions exacerbated the occurrence of haze. The correlation coefficient between haze days and precipitation days in winter halfyear is mainly negative in central-eastern China. The
6 6 ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH number of precipitation days shows a decreasing trend in most regions of China, with rates of around 4 d per decade in central-eastern China, which reduces the sedimentation capacity of atmospheric pollutants. During the period of , the correlation coefficients between haze days and mean wind speed and strong wind days are mainly negative in centraleastern China, but that between haze days and breeze days is positive in the winter half-year. The mean wind speed and strong wind days reduced, while breeze days increased in most regions of China, which leads to a reduction of the pollutants diffusion capacity. As a result, haze occurs more frequently. This paper preliminarily discussed changes in haze days in China and the causes from the perspective of climate conditions. To make a systematic analysis on causes of haze, we need further research on the changes in haze observations, which means the impact of the meteorological station migration, the progress of urbanization, the changes in industrial exhaust sources, the number of automotive vehicles, and traffic jams. Haze have great impacts on the society in recent years, so it is helpful to prevent and control haze more effectively by strengthening our understanding of the causes of haze. Acknowledgements The authors are very grateful to the anonymous reviewers and editors for their constructive comments and suggestions. The study was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2012CB955902). References Afifi, A. A., S. P. Azen, 1972: Statistical Analysis: A Computer Oriented Approach. 366pp. Academic Press, Bai, Z.-P., B.-B. Cai, H.-Y. Dong, et al., 2006: Adverse health effects caused by dust haze: A review. Environmental Pollution and Control (in Chinese), 28(3), CMA (China Meteorological Administration), 2003: The Standard of Surface Meteorological Observation (in Chinese). China Meteorological Press, 23. Gao, G., 2008: The climatic characteristics and change of haze days over China during Acta Geographica Sinica, 63(7), Gao, J., Y.-Z. Zhang, S.-L. Wang, et al., 2012: Study on the characteristics and formation of a multi-day haze in October 2011 in Beijing. Research of Environmental Sciences (in Chinese), 25(11), Goossens, C. H., and A. Berger, 1986: Annual and seasonal climatic variations over the Northern Hemisphere and Europe during the last century. Ann. Geophys., 4, Hu, R.-Z., H.-N. Liu, M.-G. Zhang, et al., 2009: Simulation of brownish haze in urban areas of Nanjing. Acta Scientiae Circum Stantiae (in Chinese), 29(4), Hu, Y.-D., and Z.-J. Zhou, 2009: Climatic characteristics of haze in China. Meteorological Monthly (in Chinese), 35(7), Luo, Y.-F., D.-R. Lu, X.-J. Zhou, et al., 2001: Characteristics of the spatial distribution and yearly variation of aerosoloptical depth over China in last 30 years. J. Geophys. Res., 106(D13), Malm, W. C., 1992: Characteristics and origins of haze in the continental United States. Earth-Science Reviews, 33(1), Schichtel, B. A., R. B. Husar, S. R. Falke, et al., 2001: Haze trends over the United States, Atmospheric Environment, 35(11), Song, J., T. Cheng, Z.-Q. Xie, et al., 2012: Impact on spatio-temporal variation of fog and haze days due to rapid urbanization in Jiangsu. Journal of the Meteorological Science (in Chinese), 32(3), Tong, R.-Q., Y. Yin, L. Qian, et al., 2007: Analysis of the characteristics of hazy phenomena in Nanjing area. China Environmental Science (in Chinese), 27(5), Wu, D., G.-L. Liao, X.-J. Deng, et al., 2008: Transport condition of surface layer under haze weather over the pearl river delta. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science (in Chinese), 19(1), 1-9. Wu, D., X.-J. Wu, F. Li, et al., 2010: Temporal and spatial variation of haze during in Chinese mainland. Acta Meteorologica Sinica (in Chinese), 68(5), Zhang, H., C.-E. Shi, M.-Y. Qiu, et al., 2010: Longterm variation of haze phenomena in Hefei and its impact factors. Acta Scientiae Circum Stantiae (in Chinese), 30(4),
SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences. Climatic change features of fog and haze in winter over North China and Huang-Huai Area
SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences RESEARCH PAPER August 2015 Vol.58 No.8: 1370 1376 doi: 10.1007/s11430-015-5089-3 Climatic change features of fog and haze in winter over North China and Huang-Huai Area YIN
More informationTrends of Tropospheric Ozone over China Based on Satellite Data ( )
ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH 2(1): 43 48, 2011 www.climatechange.cn DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1248.2011.00043 ARTICLE Trends of Tropospheric Ozone over China Based on Satellite Data (1979 2005) Xiaobin
More informationDecrease of light rain events in summer associated with a warming environment in China during
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 34, L11705, doi:10.1029/2007gl029631, 2007 Decrease of light rain events in summer associated with a warming environment in China during 1961 2005 Weihong Qian, 1 Jiaolan
More informationChanges in Climate Factors and Extreme Climate Events in South China during
ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH 4(1): 1 11, 2013 www.climatechange.cn DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1248.2013.001 SPECIAL TOPIC ON REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE Editor s notes: The Working Group (WG) Reports and Synthesis
More informationPrecipitation changes in the mid-latitudes of the Chinese mainland during
J Arid Land (2017) 9(6): 924 937 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40333-017-0105-4 Science Press Springer-Verlag Precipitation changes in the mid-latitudes of the Chinese mainland during 1960 2014 HU Yuling 1,
More informationAnalysis on the decadal scale variation of the dust storm in North China
2260 Science in China Ser. D Earth Sciences 2005 Vol.48 No.12 2260 2266 Analysis on the decadal scale variation of the dust storm in North China KANG Dujuan 1,2 & WANG Huijun 1 1. NZC/LASG, Institute of
More informationApplication and Verification of Multi-Model Products in Medium Range Forecast
Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 2018, 6, 178-193 http://www.scirp.org/journal/gep ISSN Online: 2327-4344 ISSN Print: 2327-4336 Application and Verification of Multi-Model Products in
More informationAssessment of Snow Cover Vulnerability over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH 2(2): 93 100, 2011 www.climatechange.cn DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1248.2011.00093 ARTICLE Assessment of Snow Cover Vulnerability over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Lijuan Ma 1,
More informationA Preliminary Analysis of the Relationship between Precipitation Variation Trends and Altitude in China
ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCE LETTERS, 2011, VOL. 4, NO. 1, 41 46 A Preliminary Analysis of the Relationship between Precipitation Variation Trends and Altitude in China YANG Qing 1, 2, MA Zhu-Guo 1,
More informationResearch on Characteristics of Atmospheric Pollution and Meteorological Condition in South of Northern China
Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 2017, 5, 73-84 http://www.scirp.org/journal/gep ISSN Online: 2327-4344 ISSN Print: 2327-4336 Research on Characteristics of Atmospheric Pollution and Meteorological
More informationAnalysis on Temperature Variation over the Past 55 Years in Guyuan City, China
Analysis on Temperature Variation over the Past 55 Years in Guyuan City, China Liu Rui 1, 2,*, Zhang ZhiHua 1, 2 1 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang an University, No.126 Yanta Road,
More informationDISTRIBUTION AND DIURNAL VARIATION OF WARM-SEASON SHORT-DURATION HEAVY RAINFALL IN RELATION TO THE MCSS IN CHINA
3 DISTRIBUTION AND DIURNAL VARIATION OF WARM-SEASON SHORT-DURATION HEAVY RAINFALL IN RELATION TO THE MCSS IN CHINA Jiong Chen 1, Yongguang Zheng 1*, Xiaoling Zhang 1, Peijun Zhu 2 1 National Meteorological
More informationChanges in Daily Climate Extremes of Observed Temperature and Precipitation in China
ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCE LETTERS, 2013, VOL. 6, NO. 5, 312 319 Changes in Daily Climate Extremes of Observed Temperature and Precipitation in China WANG Ai-Hui and FU Jian-Jian Nansen-Zhu International
More informationSeasonal Aerosol Vertical Distribution and Optical Properties over North China Xing-xing GAO, Yan CHEN, Lei ZHANG * and Wu ZHANG
2017 International Conference on Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development (EESD 2017) ISBN: 978-1-60595-452-3 Seasonal Aerosol Vertical Distribution and Optical Properties over North China Xing-xing
More informationMeasurement and Analysis of the Vertical Distribution Characteristic of the Atmospheric Particle Concentration in Beijing District
International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, Vol. 5, No. 2, April 214 Measurement and Analysis of the Vertical Distribution Characteristic of the Atmospheric Particle Concentration in
More informationAnalysis on Characteristics of Precipitation Change from 1957 to 2015 in Weishan County
Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 2017, 5, 125-133 http://www.scirp.org/journal/gep ISSN Online: 2327-4344 ISSN Print: 2327-4336 Analysis on Characteristics of Precipitation Change from
More informationChapter outline. Reference 12/13/2016
Chapter 2. observation CC EST 5103 Climate Change Science Rezaul Karim Environmental Science & Technology Jessore University of science & Technology Chapter outline Temperature in the instrumental record
More informationDust Storm: An Extreme Climate Event in China
Dust Storm: An Extreme Climate Event in China ZHENG Guoguang China Meteorological Administration Beijing, China, 100081 zgg@cma.gov.cn CONTENTS 1. Climatology of dust storms in China 2. Long-term variation
More informationHorizontal visibility trends in China
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 34, L24706, doi:10.1029/2007gl031450, 2007 Horizontal visibility trends in China 1981 2005 Huizheng Che, 1 Xiaoye Zhang, 1 Yang Li, 2 Zijiang Zhou, 3 and John J. Qu 4
More informationPrediction Research of Climate Change Trends over North China in the Future 30 Years
42 ACTA METEOROLOGICA SINICA VOL.22 Prediction Research of Climate Change Trends over North China in the Future 30 Years LIU Yanxiang 1,2,3 ( ), YAN Jinghui 1 ( ), WU Tongwen 1 ( ), GUO Yufu 2 ( ), CHEN
More informationLarge-scale atmospheric singularities and summer long-cycle droughts-floods abrupt alternation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River
Chinese Science Bulletin 2006 Vol. 51 No. 16 2027 2034 DOI: 10.1007/s11434-006-2060-x Large-scale atmospheric singularities and summer long-cycle droughts-floods abrupt alternation in the middle and lower
More informationEstimation of precipitation condensation latent heat in rainy season over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Online system, http://www.scar.ac.cn Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions 2009, 1(2): 0099 0106 Estimation of precipitation condensation latent heat in rainy season over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau DongLiang Li
More informationA GIS-based Study on Grassland Degradation and. Increase of Dust Storms in China
1 A GIS-based Study on Grassland Degradation and Increase of Dust Storms in China Qinxue WANG* and Kuninori OTSUBO* * National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506,
More informationProjections of the 21st Century Changjiang-Huaihe River Basin Extreme Precipitation Events
ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH 3(2): 76 83, 2012 www.climatechange.cn DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1248.2012.00076 CHANGES IN CLIMATE SYSTEM Projections of the 21st Century Changjiang-Huaihe River Basin Extreme
More informationAnalysis on Climate Change of Guangzhou in Nearly 65 Years
, pp.111-117 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2016.138.24 Analysis on Climate Change of Guangzhou in Nearly 65 Years Wenzheng Yu, Haitao Liu, Chunyong Yin, Jin Wang College of Environmental Science and
More informationThe Interdecadal Variation of the Western Pacific Subtropical High as Measured by 500 hpa Eddy Geopotential Height
ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCE LETTERS, 2015, VOL. 8, NO. 6, 371 375 The Interdecadal Variation of the Western Pacific Subtropical High as Measured by 500 hpa Eddy Geopotential Height HUANG Yan-Yan and
More informationSevere Dust Storm Events Validation
Annex: Severe Dust Storm Events Validations Severe Dust Storm Events Validation The weather processes of severe dust storms affecting Asia since 2002 were selected to synoptically assess CMA CUACE/Dust
More informationSpatial-temporal characteristics of temperature variation in China
MAP-0/758 Meteorol Atmos Phys 000, 1 16 (2005) DOI 10.1007/s00703-005-0163-6 Monsoon and Environment Research Group, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China Spatial-temporal characteristics
More information!"#$%&'()#*+,-./0123 = = = = = ====1970!"#$%& '()* 1980!"#$%&'()*+,-./01"2 !"#$% ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH
www.climatechange.cn = = = = = 7 = 6!"#$% 211 11 ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH Vol. 7 No. 6 November 211!"1673-1719 (211) 6-385-8!"#$%&'()#*+,-./123 N O N=!"# $%&=NMMMUNO=!"#$!%&'()*+=NMMNMN = 1979
More informationSpatial and temporal variability of precipitation in East China from 1880 to 1999
CLIMATE RESEARCH Vol. 32: 29 218, 26 Published October 26 Clim Res Spatial and temporal variability of precipitation in East China from 188 to 1999 Weihong Qian 1, *, Zicheng Yu 2, Yafen Zhu 1 1 Monsoon
More informationThe Decadal Shift of the Summer Climate in the Late 1980s over Eastern China and Its Possible Causes
NO.4 ZHANG Renhe, WU Bingyi, ZHAO Ping et al. 435 The Decadal Shift of the Summer Climate in the Late 1980s over Eastern China and Its Possible Causes ZHANG Renhe ( ), WU Bingyi ( ), ZHAO Ping ( ), and
More informationTest Calibration of the Paleoclimatic Proxy Data with Chinese Historical Records
ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH 2(1): 38 42, 2011 www.climatechange.cn DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1248.2011.00038 ARTICLE Test Calibration of the Paleoclimatic Proxy Data with Chinese Historical Records De
More informationResearch progress of snow cover and its influence on China climate
34 5 Vol. 34 No. 5 2011 10 Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences Oct. 2011. 2011. J. 34 5 627-636. Li Dong-liang Wang Chun-xue. 2011. Research progress of snow cover and its influence on China climate J.
More informationWhy do dust storms decrease in northern China concurrently with the recent global warming?
Click Here for Full Article GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 35, L18702, doi:10.1029/2008gl034886, 2008 Why do dust storms decrease in northern China concurrently with the recent global warming? Congwen
More informationTHE STRUCTURE OF THE ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARYLAYER DURING FOGGY DAYS IN WINTER AND SPRING SEASONS AT SOUTHERT OF BEIJING
THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARYLAYER DURING FOGGY DAYS IN WINTER AND SPRING SEASONS AT SOUTHERT OF BEIJING HONGSHENG ZHANG, KAI WANG, FUYU LI, XINJIAN LIU, JIAYI CHEN Department of Atmospheric
More informationTransition of the annual cycle of precipitation from double-peak mode to single-peak mode in South China
Article Atmospheric Science November 2013 Vol.58 No.32: 3994 3999 doi: 10.1007/s11434-013-5905-0 Transition of the annual cycle of precipitation from double-peak mode to single-peak mode in South China
More informationAnalysis of Historical Pattern of Rainfall in the Western Region of Bangladesh
24 25 April 214, Asian University for Women, Bangladesh Analysis of Historical Pattern of Rainfall in the Western Region of Bangladesh Md. Tanvir Alam 1*, Tanni Sarker 2 1,2 Department of Civil Engineering,
More informationThe regional distribution characteristics of aerosol optical depth over the Tibetan Plateau
The regional distribution characteristics of aerosol optical depth over the Tibetan Plateau C. Xu, Y. M. Ma, CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences xuchao@itpcas.ac.cn
More informationChanging Characteristics on Dust Storm in Jiangsu
Open Journal of Air Pollution, 2012, 1, 67-73 doi:10.4236/ojap.2012.13009 Published Online ecember 2012 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojap) Changing Characteristics on ust Storm in Jiangsu Zhaotang Shang
More informationMULTI-SCALE CHARACTERISTICS STUDY ON THE FREQUENCY OF FOGGY DAYS OCCURRING IN NANJING IN DECEMBER 2007
Vol.21 No.4 JOURNAL OF TROPICAL METEOROLOGY December 2015 Article ID: 1006-8775(2015) 04-0428-11 MULTI-SCALE CHARACTERISTICS STUDY ON THE FREQUENCY OF FOGGY DAYS OCCURRING IN NANJING IN DECEMBER 2007 LIU
More informationComparison of the seasonal cycle of tropical and subtropical precipitation over East Asian monsoon area
21st International Congress on Modelling and Simulation, Gold Coast, Australia, 29 Nov to 4 Dec 2015 www.mssanz.org.au/modsim2015 Comparison of the seasonal cycle of tropical and subtropical precipitation
More informationDuration and Seasonality of Hourly Extreme Rainfall in the Central Eastern China
NO.6 LI Jian, YU Rucong and SUN Wei 799 Duration and Seasonality of Hourly Extreme Rainfall in the Central Eastern China LI Jian 1 ( ), YU Rucong 1 ( ), and SUN Wei 2,3 ( ) 1 Chinese Academy of Meteorological
More informationFuture trends of climatic belts and seasons in China
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY Int. J. Climatol. 28: 148 1491 (28) Published online 9 January 28 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).1658 Future trends of climatic belts and seasons
More informationThe Formation of Precipitation Anomaly Patterns during the Developing and Decaying Phases of ENSO
ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCE LETTERS, 2010, VOL. 3, NO. 1, 25 30 The Formation of Precipitation Anomaly Patterns during the Developing and Decaying Phases of ENSO HU Kai-Ming and HUANG Gang State Key
More informationSeasonal Prediction of Summer Temperature over Northeast China Using a Year-to-Year Incremental Approach
NO.3 FAN Ke and WANG Huijun 269 Seasonal Prediction of Summer Temperature over Northeast China Using a Year-to-Year Incremental Approach FAN Ke 1,2 ( ) and WANG Huijun 1 ( ) 1 Nansen-Zhu International
More informationThe distribution and trends of fog and haze in the North China Plain over the past 30 years
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 11949 11958, 2014 doi:10.5194/acp-14-11949-2014 Author(s) 2014. CC Attribution 3.0 License. The distribution and trends of fog and haze in the North China Plain over the past 30
More informationDEPARTMENT OF EARTH & CLIMATE SCIENCES Name SAN FRANCISCO STATE UNIVERSITY Nov 29, ERTH 360 Test #2 200 pts
DEPARTMENT OF EARTH & CLIMATE SCIENCES Name SAN FRANCISCO STATE UNIVERSITY Nov 29, 2018 ERTH 360 Test #2 200 pts Each question is worth 4 points. Indicate your BEST CHOICE for each question on the Scantron
More informationCirculation in the South China Sea in summer of 1998
Circulation in the South China Sea in summer of 1998 LIU Yonggang, YUAN Yaochu, SU Jilan & JIANG Jingzhong Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration (SOA), Hangzhou 310012, China;
More informationThe increase of snowfall in Northeast China after the mid 1980s
Article Atmospheric Science doi: 10.1007/s11434-012-5508-1 The increase of snowfall in Northeast China after the mid 1980s WANG HuiJun 1,2* & HE ShengPing 1,2,3 1 Nansen-Zhu International Research Center,
More informationSpatial and temporal variations of light rain events over China and the mid-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere
Article SPECIAL ISSUE: Extreme Climate in China April 2013 Vol.58 No.12: 1402 1411 doi: 10.1007/s11434-012-5593-1 Spatial and temporal variations of light rain events over China and the mid-high latitudes
More informationFuture Changes of Drought and Flood Events in China under a Global Warming Scenario
ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCE LETTERS, 2013, VOL. 6, NO. 1, 8 13 Future Changes of Drought and Flood Events in China under a Global Warming Scenario CHEN Huo-Po 1, SUN Jian-Qi 1, and CHEN Xiao-Li 2 1
More informationObservational Study of Wind Fields, Temperature Fields over Beijing Area in Summer and Winter 1)
( ), 41, 3,2005 5 Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, Vol. 41, No. 3 (May 2005) Observational Study of Wind Fields, Temperature Fields over Beijing Area in Summer and Winter 1) HU Xiaoming
More informationNOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE. Seasonal Variation of the Diurnal Cycle of Rainfall in Southern Contiguous China
6036 J O U R N A L O F C L I M A T E VOLUME 21 NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE Seasonal Variation of the Diurnal Cycle of Rainfall in Southern Contiguous China JIAN LI LaSW, Chinese Academy of Meteorological
More informationON THE KEY REGIONS OF 500 hpa GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHTS OVER NORTHERN HEMISPHERE IN WINTER
Vol.11 No.1 JOURNAL OF TROPICAL METEOROLOGY June 2005 Article ID: 1006-8775(2005) 01-0023-08 ON THE KEY REGIONS OF 500 hpa GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHTS OVER NORTHERN HEMISPHERE IN WINTER YAN Hua-sheng ( 严华生 )
More informationComparison of Global Mean Temperature Series
ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH 2(4): 187 192, 2011 www.climatechange.cn DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1248.2011.00187 REVIEW Comparison of Global Mean Temperature Series Xinyu Wen 1,2, Guoli Tang 3, Shaowu Wang
More informationDROUGHT IN MAINLAND PORTUGAL
DROUGHT IN MAINLAND Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior Instituto de Meteorologia, I. P. Rua C Aeroporto de Lisboa Tel.: (351) 21 844 7000 e-mail:informacoes@meteo.pt 1749-077 Lisboa Portugal
More informationSpatial and Temporal Variations of Tropical Cyclones at Different Intensity Scales over the Western North Pacific from 1945 to 2005
NO.5 YUAN Jinnan, LIN Ailan, and LIU Chunxia 1 Spatial and Temporal Variations of Tropical Cyclones at Different Intensity Scales over the Western North Pacific from 1945 to 2005 YUAN Jinnan ( ), LIN Ailan
More informationRecent strong inter-decadal change of Meiyu in 121-year variations
Water Science and Engineering, Jun. 2008, Vol. 1, No. 2, 33 46 ISSN 1674 2370, http://kkb.hhu.edu.cn, e-mail: wse@hhu.edu.cn Recent strong inter-decadal change of Meiyu in 121-year variations Xu Qun* Jiangsu
More informationIAP Dynamical Seasonal Prediction System and its applications
WCRP Workshop on Seasonal Prediction 4-7 June 2007, Barcelona, Spain IAP Dynamical Seasonal Prediction System and its applications Zhaohui LIN Zhou Guangqing Chen Hong Qin Zhengkun Zeng Qingcun Institute
More informationLong-Term Trend of Summer Rainfall at Selected Stations in the Republic of Korea
Long-Term Trend of Summer Rainfall at Selected Stations in the Republic of Korea Il-Kon Kim Professor, Department of Region Information Rafique Ahmed Professor, Geography and Earth Science Silla University
More informationInfluence Regularity of Fog on Expressway in China
Influence Regularity of Fog on Expressway in China Tang Jun-jun 1, Bai Song-ping 2, He Yong 1, Gao Hai-long 1 1 Research Institute of Highway, MOC, Key Laboratory of Road Safety Technology, MOC, PRC. 8
More informationAnalysis of the Characteristics of the Haze in Recent 3 Decades in Chengdu
Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 2017, 5, 196-209 http://www.scirp.org/journal/gep ISSN Online: 2327-4344 ISSN Print: 2327-4336 Analysis of the Characteristics of the Haze in Recent 3
More informationMedieval Warm Period, Little Ice Age, present climate, East Asian monsoon, decadal-centennial-scale variability
Article SPECIAL TOPIC Climate Change over the Past Millennium in China October 2011 Vol.56 No.28-29: 3003 3011 doi: 10.1007/s11434-011-4651-4 Characteristics of decadal-centennial-scale changes in East
More informationThe role of teleconnections in extreme (high and low) precipitation events: The case of the Mediterranean region
European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2013 Vienna, Austria, 7 12 April 2013 Session HS7.5/NP8.4: Hydroclimatic Stochastics The role of teleconnections in extreme (high and low) events: The case of
More informationEffect of the strengthened western Pacific subtropical high on summer visibility decrease over eastern China since 1973
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Papers in the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of 2013 Effect of the strengthened
More information3.3 AN OBSERVATIONAL ANALYSIS OF VERTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS OF SO 2 IN THE SURFACE LAYER OF BEIJING DURING COLD WAVE PASSING IN WINTER
3.3 AN OBSERVATIONAL ANALYSIS OF VERTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS OF SO 2 IN THE SURFACE LAYER OF BEIJING DURING COLD WAVE PASSING IN WINTER LIU FENG 1,2 *,CHEN HUI 2,XU YONGFU 2,HU FEI 2, WANG MINGXING 2, SHI LIQING
More informationImpact of Preindustrial to Present-day Changes in Urbanization and Pollutant Emissions on the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM)
Impact of Preindustrial to Present-day Changes in Urbanization and Pollutant Emissions on the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) Jie Song, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA Hongyun Ma, and Zhihong
More informationMULTIMODEL CONSENSUS FORECASTING OF LOW TEMPERATURE AND ICY WEATHER OVER CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN CHINA IN EARLY 2008
Vol.21 No.1 JOURNAL OF TROPICAL METEOROLOGY March 2015 Article ID: 1006-8775(2015) 01-0067-09 MULTIMODEL CONSENSUS FORECASTING OF LOW TEMPERATURE AND ICY WEATHER OVER CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN CHINA IN EARLY
More informationAPPENDIX B PHYSICAL BASELINE STUDY: NORTHEAST BAFFIN BAY 1
APPENDIX B PHYSICAL BASELINE STUDY: NORTHEAST BAFFIN BAY 1 1 By David B. Fissel, Mar Martínez de Saavedra Álvarez, and Randy C. Kerr, ASL Environmental Sciences Inc. (Feb. 2012) West Greenland Seismic
More informationThe New Normal or Was It?
The New Normal or Was It? by Chuck Coffey The recent drought has caused many to reflect upon the past and wonder what is in store for the future. Just a couple of years ago, few agricultural producers
More informationThai Meteorological Department, Ministry of Digital Economy and Society
Thai Meteorological Department, Ministry of Digital Economy and Society Three-month Climate Outlook For November 2017 January 2018 Issued on 31 October 2017 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
More informationA STATISTICAL MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF INTENSITY AND FREQUENCY OF TROPICAL CYCLONES MAKING LANDFALL ON CHINA
Vol.18 No.1 JOURNAL OF TROPICAL METEOROLOGY March 2012 Article ID: 1006-8775(2012) 01-0108-05 A STATISTICAL MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF INTENSITY AND FREQUENCY OF TROPICAL CYCLONES MAKING LANDFALL ON CHINA
More informationRelationship between vegetation coverage and spring dust storms over northern China
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 109,, doi:10.1029/2003jd003913, 2004 Relationship between vegetation coverage and spring dust storms over northern China Xukai K. Zou and Panmao M. Zhai Laboratory
More informationNew Zealand Climate Update No 226, April 2018 Current climate March 2018
New Zealand Climate Update No 226, April 2018 Current climate March 2018 March 2018 was characterised by significantly higher pressure than normal to the east of New Zealand. This pressure pattern, in
More informationExtremely cold and persistent stratospheric Arctic vortex in the winter of
Article Atmospheric Science September 2013 Vol.58 No.25: 3155 3160 doi: 10.1007/s11434-013-5945-5 Extremely cold and persistent stratospheric Arctic vortex in the winter of 2010 2011 HU YongYun 1* & XIA
More informationDecadal Anomalies of Winter Precipitation over Southern China in Association with El Niño and La Niña
NO.1 YUAN Yuan, LI Chongyin and YANG Song 91 Decadal Anomalies of Winter Precipitation over Southern China in Association with El Niño and La Niña YUAN Yuan 1 ( ), LI Chongyin 2,3 ( ), and YANG Song 4
More informationObserved monthly precipitation trends in China
Theor. Appl. Climatol. 77, 39 45 (2004) DOI 10.1007/s00704-003-0018-3 1 Center for International Development and Environmental Research (ZEU), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany 2 Department of
More informationThe ENSO s Effect on Eastern China Rainfall in the Following Early Summer
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, VOL. 26, NO. 2, 2009, 333 342 The ENSO s Effect on Eastern China Rainfall in the Following Early Summer LIN Zhongda ( ) andluriyu( F ) Center for Monsoon System Research,
More informationObserved trends of precipitation amount, frequency, and intensity in China,
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 110,, doi:10.1029/2004jd004864, 2005 Observed trends of precipitation amount, frequency, and intensity in China, 1960 2000 Binhui Liu, 1,2 Ming Xu, 3 Mark Henderson,
More informationIdentifying Regional Prolonged Low Temperature Events in China
Running title: Identifying Regional Prolonged Low Temperature Events in China Identifying Regional Prolonged Low Temperature Events in China ZHANG Zongjie ( 张宗婕 ) and QIAN Weihong ( 钱维宏 ) Monsoon and Environment
More information2015: A YEAR IN REVIEW F.S. ANSLOW
2015: A YEAR IN REVIEW F.S. ANSLOW 1 INTRODUCTION Recently, three of the major centres for global climate monitoring determined with high confidence that 2015 was the warmest year on record, globally.
More informationSeasonal Climate Watch January to May 2016
Seasonal Climate Watch January to May 2016 Date: Dec 17, 2015 1. Advisory Most models are showing the continuation of a strong El-Niño episode towards the latesummer season with the expectation to start
More informationTrend in pan evaporation and its attribution over the past 50 years in China
J. Geogr. Sci. 2010, 20(4): 557-568 DOI: 10.1007/s11442-010-0557-3 2010 Science China Press Springer-Verlag Trend in pan evaporation and its attribution over the past 50 years in China LIU Min 1,2, * SHEN
More information!"#$%&'()*+,-./ I!"#$%&
www.climatechange.cn Q = O OMMU P ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH Vol.4, No.2 March, 2 8!"673-79 (28) 2--6 &'()*+,-./ I & NIO == N N=&' =NMMMUN O= &'()*+, =RNMSRR = NCAR! GCM CAM3. &'()*+,-&'()*+,
More informationBig Bend Regional Aerosol & Visibility Observational Study
Big Bend Regional Aerosol & Visibility Observational Study BRAVO - Results Bret Schichtel National Park Service, Schichtel@cira.colostate.edu Presented at the BRAVO Public Meeting Alpine, Texas September
More information22. DO CLIMATE CHANGE AND EL NIÑO INCREASE LIKELIHOOD OF YANGTZE RIVER EXTREME RAINFALL?
22. DO CLIMATE CHANGE AND EL NIÑO INCREASE LIKELIHOOD OF YANGTZE RIVER EXTREME RAINFALL? Xing Yuan, Shanshan Wang, and Zeng-Zhen Hu Anthropogenic climate change has increased the risk of 216 Yangtze River
More informationVariations of snow cover in the source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers in China between 1960 and 1999
420 Journal of Glaciology, Vol. 53, No. 182, 2007 Variations of snow cover in the source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers in China between 1960 and 1999 YANG Jianping, DING Yongjian, LIU Shiyin,
More informationChapter 1 Climate in 2016
Chapter 1 Climate in 2016 1.1 Global climate summary Extremely high temperatures were frequently observed in many regions of the world, and in particular continued for most of the year in various places
More informationApplication of Atmosphere Precipitation Resources Distribution Remote Sensed by Ground-based GPS in the West of Taiwan Strait.
4th International Conference on Mechatronics, Materials, Chemistry and Computer Engineering (ICMMCCE 2015) Application of Atmosphere Precipitation Resources Distribution Remote Sensed by Ground-based GPS
More informationPossible influence of Arctic Oscillation on dust storm frequency in North China
J. Geogr. Sci. 2011, 21(2): 207-218 DOI: 10.1007/s11442-011-0839-4 2011 Science Press Springer-Verlag Possible influence of Arctic Oscillation on dust storm frequency in North China MAO Rui 1,2,3, GONG
More informationNumerical Experiment Research of a Marine Fog Event in the Pearl River Estuary Region
NO.2 FAN Qi, Wang Anyu, FAN Shaojia, LI Jiangnan, WU Dui and LEONG Ka Cheng 231 Numerical Experiment Research of a Marine Fog Event in the Pearl River Estuary Region FAN Qi 1 ( ), WANG Anyu 1 ( ), FAN
More informationThe weather in Iceland 2012
The Icelandic Meteorological Office Climate summary 2012 published 9.1.2013 The weather in Iceland 2012 Climate summary Sunset in Reykjavík 24th April 2012 at 21:42. View towards west from the balcony
More informationDid we see the 2011 summer heat wave coming?
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 39,, doi:10.1029/2012gl051383, 2012 Did we see the 2011 summer heat wave coming? Lifeng Luo 1 and Yan Zhang 2 Received 16 February 2012; revised 15 March 2012; accepted
More informationWeakening relationship between East Asian winter monsoon and ENSO after mid-1970s
Article Progress of Projects Supported by NSFC Atmospheric Science doi: 10.1007/s11434-012-5285-x Weakening relationship between East Asian winter monsoon and ENSO after mid-1970s WANG HuiJun 1,2* & HE
More informationAnalysis of Spatial-Temporal Characteristics and Pattern Evolution of Fishery Geographic Agglomeration in China
2016 International Conference on Education, Management Science and Economics (ICEMSE-16) Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Characteristics and Pattern Evolution of Fishery Geographic Agglomeration in China
More informationImpact of Eurasian spring snow decrement on East Asian summer precipitation
Impact of Eurasian spring snow decrement on East Asian summer precipitation Renhe Zhang 1,2 Ruonan Zhang 2 Zhiyan Zuo 2 1 Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University 2 Chinese Academy of Meteorological
More informationGanbat.B, Agro meteorology Section
NATIONAL AGENCY FOR METEOROLOGY, HYDROLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT MONITORING OF MONGOLIA Ganbat.B, Agro meteorology Section OF INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND HYDROLOGY 2009 YEAR Location Climate Northern Asia,
More informationStandardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) Dataset in Yunnan Province, China
Journal of Global Change Data & Discovery. 2017, 1(4): 447-451 DOI:10.3974/geodp.2017.04.11 www.geodoi.ac.cn 2017 GCdataPR Global Change Research Data Publishing & Repository Standardized Precipitation
More informationSpatial Characteristics of Extreme Rainfall over China with Hourly through 24-Hour Accumulation Periods Based on National-Level Hourly Rain Gauge Data
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, VOL. 33, NOVEMBER 2016, 1218 1232 Spatial Characteristics of Extreme Rainfall over China with Hourly through 24-Hour Accumulation Periods Based on National-Level Hourly
More informationJ8.4 TRENDS OF U.S. SNOWFALL AND SNOW COVER IN A WARMING WORLD,
J8.4 TRENDS OF U.S. SNOWFALL AND SNOW COVER IN A WARMING WORLD, 1948-2008 Richard R. Heim Jr. * NOAA National Climatic Data Center, Asheville, North Carolina 1. Introduction The Intergovernmental Panel
More information