Geohazard Supersites and Natural Laboratories

Transcription

1 Geohazard Supersites and Natural Laboratories FRINGE 2011, Frascati, Italy, September 19, 2011 Wolfgang Lengert, ESA Falk Amelung, University of Miami, GEO task lead Craig Dobson, NASA, CEOS task lead Francesco Gaetani, GEO secretariat Overview: GEO & Supersites Science challenges, achievements and examples Coordination of data contributions (space & in-situ)

2 Group on Earth Observations Intergovernmental Organization with 86 members and 61 participating organizations Construct by 2015: Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) U.S. Department of State, Washington DC July 31, 2003 GEO Secretariat

3 Group on Earth Observations Intergovernmental Organization with 83 members and 59 participating organizations (as of October 2010) Construct by 2015: Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) U.S. Department of State, Washington DC July 31, 2003 GEO Secretariat

4 GEOSS - System of Systems The Global Earth Observation System of Systems is simultaneously addressing nine areas of critical importance to people and society. It aims to empower the international community to protect itself against natural and human-induced disasters, understand the environmental sources of health hazards, manage energy resources, respond to climate change and its impacts, safeguard water resources, improve weather forecasts, manage ecosystems, promote sustainable agriculture and conserve biodiversity.

5 What are GEO s geohazard Supersites? GEO task in Workplan DI-09-01: Systematic Monitoring for Geohazards Risk Assessment c) Supersites and Natural Laboratories - This GEO initiative to better understand the geophysical processes causing geohazards (earthquakes and volcanoes). - Global partnership of scientists, satellite and in-situ data providers (multi-sensor InSAR, seismic, GPS, complete data sets!) - Data can support national authorities and policy makers in risk assessment and mitigation strategies.

6 Strategic Goal & definition Pooling Satellite imagery and terrestrial in-situ data for earthquake and volcano studies. There are 3 different level of sites: Supersite all data Event Supersite all data in case of large scale event Natural Laboratories Global Network of Natural Laboratories. Providing online access to historic multi-sensor SAR data sets (digital heritage of Earth Observation for geohazards). 1 million ERS/Envisat frames, under investigation.

7 Data sets Seismic,GPS SAR (gas, gravity change) volcanoes: time delay for groundbased data as desired by observatory Japan Natural Laboratory complete ESA data set (>10,000 scenes)

8 ESA SAR science in the Cloud Virtual Archive (ESA processed data & repatriated data with a recent upload of up to 2500 products a day) Web portal managed by UNAVCO has proven in particular for Haiti and Japan Earthquake to become the science reference point

9 In July the EC has released a call: Long-term monitoring experiment in geologically active regions of Europe prone to natural hazards: the Supersite concept FP7-ENV-2012-two-stage 6 M per project

10 Example 1: Etna Envisat interferometry Flank motion visible from space! Puglisi et al., INGV Catania

11 Example 2: Kilauea TerraSAR-X interferometry Lundgren, JPL Richter and Poland, Hawaii Volcano Observatory Seismic tomography Lin and Okubo, U of Miami and HVO Baker and Amelung, U of Miami Multiple groups using same data better science!

12 Space assets of GEO members ALOS-2: 2 images/46 days TerraSAR-X: 2 images/11 days RSAT-2: 2 images/24 days Cosmo: 2 images/4 days Envisat: 2 images/30 days Sentinel: 2 images/12 days Kompsat-5, RISAT-1 (RISAT-3) Daily to sub-daily observations possible! InSAR could provide new information about volcanic unrest and explosive eruptions

13 The Rationale behind Event Supersites Flood disaster Volcano disaster New Orleans, 2005 Scientific information: Merapi, 2010 Weather satellites state of the atmosphere SAR satellites state of the Earth s crust Geological disaster response without InSAR == flood response without weather information

14 Example 3: Haiti earthquake, January 2010 Supersites: ALOS and ESA ALOS-PALSAR data led to 2 Nature Geosciences articles! Early scientific understanding of quake helped focussing response efforts Miami conference 2 month after quake

15 Example 4: Tohoku-oki earthquake, March 2010 ARIA_env_D189_D347_D074_ge.png (PNG Image, 1020x Contributions by: ASI, CSA, DLR, ESA, JAXA, NASA, USGS, CNES All agencies contributed data or high-level products! ASI COSMO-Skymed coseismic and postseismic interferograms CSA RADARSAT-2 damage maps DLR TerraSAR-X data, damage maps ESA ERS-2 and Envisat ASAR data JAXA PALSAR data NASA imagery, interferograms and various high-level products Unrestricted access to raw signal data: ESA, DLR and JAXA. Envisat orbit has been tuned to support Supersites Interferomtry 1 of 1 5/20/11 3:30 PM

16 cm/yr SBAS-DInSAR Mean deformation velocity map : SAR * : GPS =0.8cm ERS-2 data set: >60 Acquisitions: 32 =1.4cm Time span: 18-Mar Jul-2011 Interferograms: 80 =1.6cm <-60 =0.9cm ERS-2 3 days repeat "GPS RINEX data provided by GSI (Japan) and processed by ARIA Team at JPL/Caltech

17 What s next? Strategic Goals : Complete existing Supersites (some SAR and ground-based data are missing) Establish Natural Laboratories for - Turkey (GEO Plenary) - Southeast Asia - Central America - Japan - Hispaniola. Concept: Background monitoring: low-resolution sensors (ALOS-2, Sentinel-1) Earthquakes, volcanic unrest: high-resolution sensors (TSX, Cosmo, RSAT-2, Kompsat-5). In-situ data Capacity building: Train scientists from natural laboratory countries.

18 Proposed coverage for the Turkey Natural Lab. 1. Gazikoy-Saros 2. Istanbul (Supersite) 3. Havza 4. Susehri TerraSAR-X Other sensors ESA data already available.

19 Proposed coverage for the Turkey Natural Lab. 1. Gazikoy-Saros 2. Istanbul (Supersite) 3. Havza 4. Susehri TerraSAR-X Other sensors ESA data already available. Next: Plan Natural laboratories for: Southeast Asia Central America, etc

20 The Vision: Supersites Apps GPS Modelling Seismic Tomography All data in the Cloud, no worries about data format/access, science conducted on Cloud. Everybody can join and contribute data/apps!

21 Thank you! This presentation will be available from website.