Volatile recycling in the Lesser Antilles arc
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1 VoiLA Volatile recycling in the Lesser Antilles arc Processes and Consequences Oct 2015-Sep 2019 Funded by: Université des An-lles de la Guyane University of West Indies
2 Subduction Zone Diversity Slow Fast US & Japan ( ) US & Japan ( ) Slow slab
3 Vola9le input: serpen9nised oceanic lithosphere Oceanic Core Complexes discovered in 1997 at the Atlan-s FZ, MAR. Only formed at slow-spreading oceanic crust. Completely different oceanic lithosphere architecture. Serpen9nisa9on of large areas at seabed. Mid-Atlan9c Ridge
4 Our understanding of oceanic lithosphere hydra-on is rudimentary. Global Subduc9on Water Budget Es9mate based on Pacific Insights Hacker (2008)
5 Why An9lles? VoiLA Expect slow-formed Atlan-c crust to have a fundamentally different water distribu-on than Pacific Ocean crust. An-lles most accessible slow subduc-on system Global end-member of subduc-on systems.
6 Variability along An9lles arc Seismicity increases from south to north Large historic interplate earthquakes in center only Double arc in north Largest islands, magma9c produc9vity in center Difference in back-arc bathymetry south to north Thick sediments in south, pelagic only in north Geochemical signatures reflects sediments in source + fluids? GPS indicates coupled forearc block in north, uncoupled in south.
7 Incoming plate characteris9cs North Age 90m.y., Vconv 2 cm/yr dip 50 Thin sediments ATLANTIC PLATE Thick sediments CARIBBEAN PLATE
8 Atlan9c plate hydra9on from ridge to trench At trench At ridge Smith et al. (2008)
9 FZ and Crustal Structure? Fi^een-twenty Marathon Mercurius Fi^een-twenty Vema Doldrums Marathon Mercurius Vema Boynton et al. (1979) Doldrums
10 Fracture zones and Seismicity b-value 2.0 b-value dist. from FZ (km) Schlaphorst, Kendall, Collier et al., in revision,
11 Geochemical signatures in arc magmas Sediments? Fluids? Data from Davidson & Wilson 2011; Lindsay et al., 2005; Samper et al., 2009.
12 VoiLA The project
13 WP1 INPUT Distribution of hydration of incoming plate Research programme VoiLA WP3 OUTPUT Arc structure volcanism WP4 CONSEQUENCES Relation of seismicity, volcanism and metal fractionation to fluid distribution WP5 SYNTHESIS Global comparison and broader implications earthquakes WP2 PATHWAYS Wedge structure and flow
14 Geophysical Experiments Bathymetry (m) WP2 Passivesource experiment FZ Marathon FZ WP1 Ac-vesource experiment WP3 Along-arc shoot 14 Mercurius FZ Vema FZ 12 Doldrums FZ km (is)land stahons earthquakes
15 Project Team Seismology Collier, Rietbrock, Henstock, Kendall, Harmon, Rychert Crustal Petrology/Geochemistry Davidson, Macpherson, Wilkinson, Wilson Mantle Geochemistry Blundy Numerical modelling Van Hunen, Goes
16 VoiLA Ø produce the first high resolution image of slowspread (Atlantic) subduction-arc system Ø determine pathways of fluid subducted and recycled via serpentine Ø identify links between volatile recycling seismicity, volcanism and metal pathways First integrated analysis of an Atlantic subduction zone
17 Themes joint with GeoPRISMS VoiLA Vola-le cycling through subduc-on systems Magma genesis and pathways Crust forma-on and architecture Controls on seismogenesis Mineralisa-on processes
18 Research Program: Some other UK efforts relevant for GeoPRISMS Vola9les, Geodynamics & Solid Earth Controls on the Habitable Planet ( ) (hgp:// Standard grant: The Louisville Ridge-Tonga Trench collision: Implica9ons for subduc9on zone dynamics ( ) (Durham, Oxford) Large grants ri^ing: Looking inside the Con9nents from Space: Insights into Earthquake Hazard and Crustal Deforma9on ( ) (Alpine- Himalayan belt and EAR) (Oxford, Leeds, Cambridge, UCL, Bristol, Glasgow) Ric volcanism: past, present and future (EAR) ( ) (BGS, Edinburgh, Bristol, Oxford, Cambridge, Leeds, Southampton) (hgp://
19 Deep Vola9les: 3 Consor9a About 60 researchers, ~ 12 UK universi-es Mantle vola9les: processes, reservoirs and fluxes The vola9le legacy of the Earth The feedback between vola9les and mantle dynamics
20 Volatile recycling n the esser ntilles arc VoiLA
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Dr. Yildirim Dilek Department of Earth Sciences Miami University, USA 40 years of successful, field-based, inter-disciplinary exploration of the Earth processes and training of the future generations of