Unit 7 FRQs Question 3: Influence of transportation model on urban growth patterns Question 1: Primate Cities/Rank Size Rule

Transcription

1 Unit 7 FRQs Question 3: Influence of transportation model on urban growth patterns Question 1: Primate Cities/Rank Size Rule Question 2: Squatter Settlements in LDCs Question 3: Urban Revival

2 Question 3: Urban population/demographic structure Question 3: Urban population patterns: Female Households

3 Question 2: Development of the Suburbs Question 1: Von Thunen Model/Burgess Concentric Zone Model Comparison (Agriculture/Industry)

4 Chapter 12 1) Residents of rural settlements are more likely than residents of urban settlements to work in A) agriculture. B) manufacturing. C) services. D) education. E) cities. 2) A place where farm buildings, homes, and churches are found close together is what kind of settlement? A) urban B) linear rural C) dispersed rural D) clustered rural E) primordial 3) In the United States about of all jobs are in consumer services. A) 50 percent B) 10 percent C) 5 percent D) 75 percent E) 25 percent 4) Consumer services include A) educational, retail, wholesale, social, leisure, and hospitality jobs. B) educational, retail, wholesale, professional, and financial service jobs. C) educational, retail, wholesale, and financial service jobs. D) health and social, professional, and financial service jobs. E) wholesale, social, leisure, and information service jobs. 5) Most people in the world live in what type of settlement? A) clustered rural B) dispersed rural C) urban settlement D) agricultural E) primordial 6) Which of the following is not primarily a consumer service? A) transportation services B) retail and wholesale services C) education services D) health services E) hospitality services 7) The area surrounding a service from which customers are attracted is the A) hinterland. B) range. C) threshold. D) median. E) meridian 8) The maximum distance people are willing to travel for a service is A) hinterland. B) range. C) threshold. D) median. E) meridian 9) A central place is a A) hinterland. B) market center. C) range of a good. D) rank-size distribution. E) hexagonal settlement. 10) If a country's largest city has 1,000,000 inhabitants and the second largest city has 200,000 inhabitants, the country follows what distribution? A) central place B) economic base C) primate city D) rank-size E) equidistant 11) The hierarchical listing of settlements by size is known as the A) primate city. B) economic base. C) gravity model. D) rank-size rule. E) nesting of settlements. 12) A primate city is A) a city with political, economic, and cultural functions. B) at least twice as large as the next smaller city. C) the seat of a Roman Catholic diocese. D) a rapidly growing city. E) the center of gravity for a hinterland. 13) If a country follows the rank-size rule, if the largest city has 1,000,000 inhabitants, how many people live in the fifth largest city? A) 50,000 B) 100,000 C) 200,000 D) 500,000 E) 5,000,000 14) The minimum number of people needed to support a service is called the A) hinterland. B) range. C) threshold. D) median. E) meridian.

5 15) The gravity model predicts that the optimal location of a service is A) directly related to the number of people and services in the area and inversely related to the lengths of highways and railways that access it. B) directly related to the range in the area and inversely related to the hinterland. C) directly related to the number of people in the area and inversely related to the distance people must travel to access it. D) directly related to the median of people in the area and inversely related to the meridian of people who travel to access it. E) directly related to the distance people must travel and inversely related to the number of people in the area. 16) The potential use of a service at a location is related directly to population and inversely to distance in the A) gravity model. B) population model. C) distance decay. D) gravitational model. E) threshold model. 17) Periodic markets are likely to feature A) vendors who move from town to town. B) prices that change on a seasonal schedule. C) large sales after the holiday season. D) a daily offering of business services throughout the year. E) consumer goods that change periodically in the central business district. 18) Central Place Theory predicts larger settlements are A) more numerous and closer together. B) more numerous and farther apart. C) less numerous and farther apart. D) less numerous and closer together. E) more numerous. 19) In a linear community, we can deduce that the best location for a service is the A) hinterland. B) range. C) threshold. D) median. E) meridian. 20) Global cities are identified and ranked by a combination of A) economic, political, cultural, and infrastructure factors. B) economic, service, industrial, and infrastructure factors. C) central place theory and gravity models. D) hinterland models. E) political and infrastructure factors. 21) The geometric pattern which geographers use to represent market areas is A) a circle. B) a hexagon. C) a square. D) a pentagon. E) an octagon. 22) A is an example of a settlement that specializes in public services. A) state capital B) hospital C) large casino complex D) shopping mall E) retirement community 23) The attraction of the outsourced "call center" industry to locate in India can best be explained by A) low wages and the wide use of English. B) low wages and geographic situational factors. C) the wide use of English and the large number of working students. D) Indian students' ability to work at night and geographic situational factors. E) low wages and desperate conditions. 24) The attraction of the outsourced "offshore banking" industry can best be explained by A) bank secrecy laws and the avoidance of paying taxes in other countries. B) low wages, bank secrecy laws, and the avoidance of paying taxes in other countries. C) the wide use of English and the large number of working students in the Cayman Islands. D) the avoidance of paying taxes in other countries and the hiding of prostitution and capital crimes. E) corporate greed and the hiding of unethical and illegal behaviors, including prostitution. 25) World cities are defined by A) the number and type of business services found there. B) their total population. C) their location relative to other cities. D) the number of museums, monuments, and universities they offer. E) their total population in relation to major capital cities. 26) LDCs specialize in what two types of global business services? A) management consulting and staff training B) regional command and control centers C) biotechnology and medical research D) entertainment and recreation E) offshore financial and back office 27) Two major benefits many LDCs offer in terms of global financial services are A) tax breaks and privacy. B) command and control centers and low wages. C) dependent centers and tax breaks. D) command and control centers and dependent centers. E) privacy and low wages.

6 28) What factors determine where back office services will locate in LDCs? A) political stability and cultural diversity B) market threshold and service range C) military training and proximity to command and control centers D) low wage rates and workers who can speak English E) tax advantages and bank secrecy laws 29) Back-office functions are also called A) business-process offshore banking. B) market threshold outsourcing. C) command and control centering. D) business-process outsourcing. E) tax advantage outsourcing. 30) What technical development has allowed back-office functions to relocate to LDCs? A) telecommunications B) standard time zones C) improved public health services in tropical countries D) financial market reforms E) effective trademark enforcement 31) Which of the following is most likely a basic economic activity? A) video rental store B) grocery store C) gas station D) steel mill E) travel agency 32) A firm that sells its products primarily to consumers outside its settlement is a A) basic industry. B) functional classification. C) nonbasic industry. D) primate city. E) consumer service. 33) One of the most important basic activities in the southern Great Lakes region is A) manufacturing of durable goods. B) manufacturing of textiles. C) entertainment and recreation facilities. D) government and education. E) high technology services. 34) The French long-lot system was developed primarily because of A) collective land ownership. B) common grazing land. C) inheritance laws. D) need for access to a river. E) long distance between farms. 35) The most significant impact that Great Britain's enclosure movement made on the rural landscape was to A) produce more of a dispersed rural settlement pattern. B) reinforce the traditional clustered rural settlement pattern. C) discourage urbanization. D) increase the rural population. E) improve transportation. 36) Clustered rural settlements were most common in which region of colonial America? A) Middle Atlantic B) New England C) Southeast D) Coastal margins E) West 37) The most prominent structure in the ancient city of Ur was the stepped temple called the, which was built about 4,000 years ago. A) pyramid B) Great Pyramid C) Ziggurat D) cathedral E) Parthenon 38) The most prominent structure in the ancient city of Athens was the, which still overlooks the city. A) pyramid B) Great Pyramid C) Parthenon D) cathedral E) Ziggurat 39) Because of its centrality in an ancient communications network, we still have the old saying "All roads lead to." A) Paris B) Athens C) Rome D) Genoa E) London 40) Which of the following is considered to be a hearth of urban settlement? A) Rome B) North Africa C) southern Africa D) Australia E) Mesopotamia 41) Heterogeneity is more a characteristic of A) suburban and rural communities. B) ancient urban centers than modern urban centers. C) manufacturing centers and rural populations. D) rural and urban centers. E) urban centers than rural communities. 42) Urban residents are generally more tolerant of than are the residents of rural communities, but residents of urban settlements often feel that they are surrounded by people who are indifferent and reserved. A) discrimination B) political insiders

7 C) tax shelters D) uniform social behavior E) diverse social behavior 43) Urbanization can be analyzed by looking at the increase in the of people living in cities. A) number and percentage B) number and homogeneity C) percentage and density D) density and heterogeneity E) size and density 44) Which statement best describes the relationship between urbanization and the Industrial Revolution in Europe? A) Urbanization ultimately promoted the Industrial Revolution. B) The Industrial Revolution ultimately promoted urbanization. C) Urbanization preceded the Industrial Revolution by thousands of years. D) Urbanization preceded the Industrial Revolution by hundreds of years. E) Urbanization and the Industrial Revolution are largely unrelated. 45) Higher social heterogeneity in urban settlements means that A) the people you know socially are probably the same ones you see at work. B) the people are more alike than in rural settlements. C) people compete for limited space. D) there are many different kinds of people in cities. E) people play a specialized role in the urban economy. 46) The most significant anticipated benefit of the enclosure movement was to A) destroy traditional village life. B) promote agricultural efficiency. C) replace abandoned villages with new farmsteads. D) discourage urbanization. E) create an aristocracy. 47) The fall of the Roman Empire in the fifth century A.D. brought about what change in urban settlements? A) development of city-states B) rapid urbanization C) reduction in urban population D) revival of urban life E) increased trade 48) Typical medieval European urban settlements were characterized by the A) dispersal of palaces, churches, and other important buildings throughout the town. B) placement of buildings around a central market square. C) demolition of ancient walls surrounding the town. D) provision of parks and open space surrounding important churches. E) broad avenues in residential districts. 49) The city-state is an example of A) an early form of rural settlement. B) a state dominated by its major city. C) a functional region. D) a local government of the Roman Empire. E) diffuse political functions.

8 1. A 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. C 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. C 15. C 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. A 21. B 22. A 23. A 24. A 25. A Chapter 12 Key 26. E 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. C 39. C 40. E 41. E 42. E 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. B 49. b

9 Chapter 13 1) In a simplified model of a city, the zone where retail and office activities are clustered is the A) central business district. B) central commerce zone. C) urbanized downtown area. D) metropolitan statistical area. E) hub. 2) Retail activities which tend to concentrate in the CBD include those which have A) no threshold. B) no range. C) services for office workers. D) a need for rapid transportation. E) a need for large amounts of horizontal space. 3) Cities tend to situate convention centers and sports complexes in their CBDs because A) they hope to lower real estate prices and tax revenues in their downtown areas. B) of their low ranges and thresholds. C) they hope to stimulate more business for downtown restaurants, bars, and hotels. D) they have a need for the kind of rapid transportation that is only available in the CBD. E) the CBD offers large amounts of horizontal space. 4) Even with the diffusion of modern telecommunications, many lawyers, financial analysts, and public officials in CBDs still exchange information with colleagues primarily through A) face-to-face contact. B) high-cost influence peddling. C) interstate highway systems. D) the Internet. E) television and radio broadcasts. 5) Land values are high in the CBD primarily because of A) competition for limited space. B) high threshold and range. C) less intensive land use. D) the lack of skyscrapers. E) the lack of residential space. 6) As a result of high land costs, the American CBD is characterized by A) less intensive land use. B) the construction of skyscrapers. C) suburban sprawl. D) a high threshold and range. E) the reuse of existing buildings. 7) What activity tends to locate on the street-level floor of a skyscraper in a typical North American CBD? A) government B) industrial C) office D) retail E) education 8) A land use typically excluded from a North American CBD is A) public administration. B) industrial. C) office. D) retail. E) legal. 9) European CBDs are similar to those in North America because they both contain A) retail and office activities. B) extensive residential areas. C) large numbers of skyscrapers. D) structures inherited from medieval times. E) ancient Roman structures. 10) The zone in transition in U.S. cities typically contains which of the following? A) legal offices and parking lots B) skyscrapers, suburbs, agricultural land, parking lots, and restaurants C) agricultural land D) suburbs, agricultural land, parking lots, and transportation hubs E) warehouses, industry, and poorer-quality housing 11) According to the concentric zone model, a city develops in a series of A) corridors. B) nodes. C) rings. D) sectors. E) quadrants. 12) According to the sector model, the best housing is located in A) a corridor from downtown to the edge of the city. B) an outer ring surrounding the city. C) nodes near universities and parks. D) renovated inner-city neighborhoods. E) gated communities. 13) According to Homer Hoyt's sector model, once a district with high-class housing is established, the most expensive new housing is built A) on the outer edge of that district, farther out from the center. B) on the inner edge of that district, closer to the center. C) in the skyscrapers of the CBD. D) in old industrial buildings and retail shops. E) on the outer edge of the suburban area, farther out from the center. 14) According to the multiple nuclei model, an airport is

10 likely to attract nearby A) hotels and warehouses. B) residences and highways. C) retail and wholesale shops. D) universities and colleges. E) hospitals and clinics. 15) Chicago is a good location in which to develop urban models because it is located A) at the end of the nation's transportation system. B) in the center of the country. C) on a relatively flat prairie. D) on the shore of Lake Michigan. E) near other primate cities. 16) Social area analysis attempts to explain A) the changing location of retail and office activities in North American cities. B) the development of squatter settlements in developing countries. C) the distribution of different types of people in an urban area. D) which of the three models of urban structure is the most accurate in the United States. E) regions ideal for social services. 17) The multiple nuclei theory A) involves four linked CBDs. B) includes nodes such as a port, a university, airport, and a park. C) includes a nucleus in the CBD which is connected to a nucleus in the suburbs. D) links a seaport, an airport, and a railway station. E) disregards the use of nodes. 18) A recent change in the typical U.S. density gradient has been A) the elimination of the gap traditionally found in the center. B) an increase in the extremes between the inner and outer areas. C) an increase in the number of people living in the center. D) a reduction in the differences in densities found within an urban area. E) an increase in the differences in densities found within an urban area. 19) The city plus its surrounding built-up suburbs is the A) central city. B) urbanized area. C) metropolitan statistical area. D) consolidated metropolitan statistical area. E) regional government federation. 20) In the United States, which of the following definitions of a city covers the largest land area? A) central business district B) central city C) urbanized area D) metropolitan statistical area E) regional government federation 21) According to the sector model, if family X has an income of $100,000 and family Y has an income of $40,000 but family Z has an income of $115,000 A) families Y and Z are likely to live in the same sector of the city. B) families X and Z are likely to live in the same sector of the city. C) families X and Y are likely to live in the same sector of the city. D) families X, Y, and Z are likely to live in the same sector of the city. E) none of these families are likely to live in the same sector of the city. 22) Many of the poor on the periphery of cities in less developed countries live in areas known as A) squatter settlements. B) council estates. C) public housing. D) the zone in transition. E) suburbs. 23) The areas on the periphery of cities in less developed countries are sometimes known as A) barriadas, favelas bidonvilles, bastees, or kampongs. B) young city and old city zones. C) public housing, barmiadelas, fonelongas, or kuhpinongs. D) the zone in transition, suburbs, or public zone. E) suburbs, barmiadelas, fonelongas, or kuhpinongs. 24) The laws enacted in 1573 that specifically outlined how colonial Spanish cities were to be constructed were called the A) Bills of the Americas. B) Laws of the Indies. C) American Indian Laws. D) Colonial Center Laws. E) Laws of the Real Corona. 25) After 1573, most Spanish colonial cities were designed to have A) neighborhoods built around central, smaller plazas with parish churches and older quarters with narrow, winding streets and cramped residences. B) gridiron street plans centered on a church and plaza, walls around houses, and wider streets than are in the centers of most European cities. C) winding street plans centered on a church and plaza, garden lawns around houses, and wider streets than the centers of most European cities. D) gridiron street plans centered on a church and plaza, walls around houses, and narrower, more winding streets than are in the centers of most European cities. E) a gridiron street plan, a cathedral, and at least 20 parish churches for each city. 26) When the models of urban structure developed in

11 Chicago are applied to Sao Paulo, one conclusion is that A) both cities are located near large lakes. B) Sao Paulo doesn't have high income neighborhoods. C) the models don't work in Sao Paulo. D) the poorest people are located in different areas. E) physical geography has not influenced the distribution of social classes Sao Paulo. 27) Compared to the United Kingdom, the amount of sprawl in the United States is A) greater. B) less. C) about the same. D) better controlled. E) declining. 28) Sprawl is the A) change in density within an urban area from the periphery to the center. B) development of new housing sites not contiguous to the existing built-up area. C) land maintained as open space surrounding an urban area. D) period in the morning and evening with the heaviest volumes of traffic. E) increasing population density in rings two and three of the concentric zone model. 29) British cities are surrounded by open space known as A) greenbelts. B) public housing. C) sprawl. D) squatter settlements. E) suburbs. 30) The strongest criticism of suburbs argued that historically, A) low-income people and minorities are unable to live in some areas because of the high cost of the housing, the unfriendliness (or discrimination) of established residents, and fears that property values would decline if minorities were allowed to buy property there. B) low-income people and minorities are able to live in some areas because of the low cost of the housing, the friendliness of established residents, and the myth that property values would decline if minorities were allowed to buy property there. C) legal devices, such as requiring several small houses to sit on a large lot of land amid several different apartments, prevented low-income families from living in many suburbs. D) low-income people and minorities are unable to live in some areas because of the high cost of the private schools there, the unfriendliness of African American and Hispanic minorities there, and the fear that property values would not change if other minorities were allowed to buy property there. E) they encouraged the buying and selling of too many automobiles. 31) People in the United States are attracted to suburbs in part because suburbs are characterized by A) heavy traffic. B) lower opportunity for home ownership. C) private land surrounding the house. D) row houses and apartments. E) closer proximity to cultural institutions. 32) Factories have moved to suburban locations in part because of A) access to main highways. B) adequate space to build vertical structures. C) availability of large tracts of high-priced land. D) good rail connections. E) access to cheap labor. 33) Compared to the United States, poor families in European cities are more likely to be A) clustered in inner-city neighborhoods. B) dispersed throughout the city. C) clustered in suburbs. D) distributed uniformly in the city. E) living along major boulevards. 34) A legal form of segregation in U.S. cities is achieved through A) blockbusting. B) redlining. C) zoning. D) greenbelts. E) busing. 35) The largest number of daily trips are made primarily for A) legal reasons. B) shopping. C) social meetings. D) work. E) recreational endeavors. 36) The U.S. government has encouraged the use of cars in part by A) building interstate highways. B) charging high gasoline taxes. C) constructing new subways. D) protecting prime agricultural land. E) tax credits for automobile owners. 37) Compared to the private automobile, public transportation offers more A) energy efficiency. B) flexibility. C) pollution. D) privacy. E) range. 38) Hybrid automobile sales in the United States increased during the early 2000s primarily because of the success of Toyota's A) line of fuel-efficient SUVs.

12 B) Tundra. C) Prius. D) Prion. E) Honda Civic. 39) The energy efficiency of a hybrid car is tied to A) the use of hybrid gasoline. B) the generation of electricity from rooftop solar panels and wind turbines affixed to the sides and undercarriage of the car. C) the use of a gasoline engine at high speeds, whereas at low speeds an electric motor takes over; moreover, energy that would have otherwise escaped as heat is captured and stored while the car is coasting and braking. D) the use of a gasoline engine at low speeds, whereas at high speeds an electric motor takes over; moreover, energy that would have otherwise escaped as heat is captured and stored while the car is coasting and braking. E) the use of a gasoline engine at high speeds, and at low speeds, when the gas engine is at its most efficient, an electric motor takes over. Energy that would otherwise be gained while coasting and braking is lost as electricity and heat when it would otherwise be needed. 40) Public transit is more extensive in Western European cities than in the United States primarily because A) Europeans can't afford cars. B) European governments subsidize public transit. C) density is lower in the United States than in Europe. D) the typical European central city contains fewer highrises. E) suburbs are built at subway terminals. 41) Large numbers of employees of suburban businesses may suffer hardships because they do not A) commute to the CBD on privately funded transportation systems. B) experience sprawl. C) own automobiles, although in this new urban landscape public transportation is widely available. D) own automobiles, in an urban landscape where public transportation is limited. E) have new school districts, in an urban landscape where public schools are almost nonexistent. 42) The process that includes subdividing a house from single-family owner occupancy to multiple occupancy, is A) blockbusting. B) filtering. C) gentrification. D) redlining. E) urban blight. 43) During the process of, the owner may abandon the property because the rents that can be collected are less than the costs involved in upkeep. A) blockbusting B) filtering C) gentrification D) redlining E) urban blight 44) A process by which banks designate an area within which they refuse to lend money for improvements is A) blockbusting. B) filtering. C) gentrification. D) redlining. E) zoning. 45) The city of declined from 1.8 million inhabitants in 1950 to 700,000 in A) San Diego B) St. Louis C) Miami D) Detroit E) Chicago 46) Detroit is trying to figure out how to shut down and close off because the city cannot afford to pay for street lights, garbage pickup, and police protection for the entire 360 square kilometers (139 square miles). A) advertising revenue B) the rap video industry C) corporate investment D) entire neighborhoods E) the entire CBD 47) Public housing is A) a conversion of low-income housing to middle-class housing. B) illegally established low-income housing. C) housing that has changed from single-family owner occupancy to abandonment. D) low-income government-owned housing. E) buildings housing public services, such as government agencies. 48) Gentrification A) is the process by which lower-class people move into deteriorated middle-income neighborhoods and subdivide the housing. B) allows lower income families to remain in their homes through public subsidies. C) is the process by which upper-class people move into deteriorated middle-income neighborhoods and subdivide the housing so that lower-income people can move in. D) is the process by which middle-class people move into deteriorated inner-city neighborhoods and renovate the housing. E) has almost no influence on housing prices and taxes. 49) A process of converting a neighborhood from lowincome to middle-class or upper-class is A) blockbusting. B) filtering. C) gentrification. D) redlining. E) zoning.

13 50) Megalopolis refers to A) adjacent, overlapping Metropolitan Statistical Areas. B) central cities. C) consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas and their CBDs. D) central cities plus urbanized areas. E) regional government federation. 51) Under certain conditions, according to U.S. law when a family is forced by a city to relocate, A) old houses are renovated for them, and the government must help them find new jobs. B) moving expenses and rent increases are paid by the government for up to four years. C) new public housing is built for them in a neighborhood of their choosing. D) middle-class families are attracted to the inner-city by government policies for four years. E) public transportation is provided for up to four years unless they have wealthy relatives. 52) The underclass is characterized in part by high rates of A) drug addiction and illiteracy. B) employment and illiteracy. C) fire protection and police protection. D) literacy and education. E) social mobility and government services. 53) In U.S. cities, the underclass is largely A) clustered in inner-city neighborhoods. B) dispersed throughout the city. C) clustered in suburbs. D) distributed even between the suburbs and the city. E) distributed across the commuter zone. 54) Compared to whites, African Americans in U.S. cities are more likely to be A) clustered in inner-city neighborhoods. B) dispersed throughout the city. C) clustered in suburbs. D) distributed uniformly in the city. E) distributed across the commuters zone. 55) The U.S. government estimated in 2011 that the number of homeless people on any given night was about A) 636,000. B) 836,000. C) 216,000. D) 10,116,000. E) 2,436, ) Most people are homeless because they A) cannot afford housing and lack a regular source of income, perhaps because of job loss, mental illness, or family problems. B) cannot afford medicine and lack a middle-class source of income, usually because of mental illness, pregnancy, and family problems. C) fail to achieve the level of "survival of the fittest" as prescribed by social Darwinism. D) cannot afford a college education, which is required in order to obtain and maintain a steady job in the United States. E) are lazy or lack the kind of work ethic that wealthy people have. 57) About of the homeless people in the United States are single men, and the remainder are women and children. A) two-fifths B) nine-tenths C) one-tenth D) three-fourths E) half 58) U.S. inner cities face fiscal problems because A) federal and state funds are available. B) low-income people are concentrated there. C) middle-class families are attracted there. D) redlining is no longer legal. E) blockbusting has strengthened ethnic neighborhoods. 59) Because so few people live in the CBD, urban areas are characterized by a high degree of A) blockbusting. B) commuting. C) threshold. D) skyscrapers. E) restrictive zoning. 60) The process of legally adding land area to a city in the United States is A) annexation. B) accreditation. C) an application of eminent domain. D) defined by urbanized area. E) zoning. 61) The attractions of shopping malls include all but which of the following? A) frequent concerts and exhibitions B) generous parking lots C) place to meet friends D) sheltered environments E) walking distance from homes

14 Chapter 13 Key 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. E 11. C 12. A 13. A 14. A 15. C 16. C 17. B 18. D 19. B 20. D 21. B 22. A 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. A 38. C 39. C 40. B 41. D 42. B 43. B 44. D 45. D 46. D 47. D 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. A 53. A 54. A 55. A 56. A 57. A 58. B 59. B 60. A 61. E

15 Unit 7 Review Questions 1. Explain Urban Geography 2. Identify and Explain a Metropolitan Area 3. What is the difference between a metropolitan and metropolitan area 4. Explain Urban Hierarchy and give an example of each type of settlement 5. Identify and explain what was necessary for the emergence of the city 6. Identify and explain the function and location of ancient cities 7. Identify and explain Bochert s Epochs of Urban Transportation 8. Explain the British Enclosure Movement 9. Explain the difference between Basic Sector Jobs and Non-Basic Sector Jobs. Provide Examples of each 10. Identify 3 functions of central places 11. Explain Central Place theory and Identify who developed it 12. Define Range 13. Define Threshold 14. Contrast Low Order and High Order Goods 15. Explain a Sphere of Influence 16. Explain the idea of Network Cities 17. Explain the Rank-Size Rule and what type of countries have the pattern 18. Define a Primate City and Identify how it can function as a centripetal force 19. Identify 6 Primate Cities 20. Identify 2 negative impacts of a Primate City 21. Identify 2 positive impacts of a Primate City 22. Explain Friction of Distance 23. Explain Distance Decay 24. Explain the Gravity Model 25. Define a World City and Identify 5 examples 26. Identify and explain the 4 Characteristics of a World City 27. Define a Megacity and Identify 5 examples 28. Define a Mercantile City and Identify 2 examples 29. Define a Manufacturing City and Identify 2 examples 30. Explain the uniqueness about the design of cities such as Washington D.C. and Brasilia 31. Identify and Explain 4 factors of city development 32. Identify the 4 Urban Land Use Models 33. Explain the Burgess Model 34. Explain the Hoyt Model 35. Explain the Harris and Ullman Model 36. Explain the Harris Model 37. Based upon age and marital status, explain where people live in relation to cities 38. Based upon gender, explain where people live in relation to cities 39. Explain the feminization of poverty 40. Based upon race and ethnicity, explain where people live in relation to cities 41. Define Urban Blight 42. Define Ghettoization 43. Explain the reasons behind the Sunbelt growth 44. Identify and explain the 3 practices of Ghettoization 45. Define Zoning and give an unintended consequence of it 46. Explain the purpose of Smart-Growth Policies 47. Define Gentrification 48. Explain the Economic Factors of Gentrification 49. Explain the Demographic Composition of Gentrification 50. Explain the Urban Policy of Gentrification 51. Explain the sense of place derived from Gentrification 52. Explain with an example a Zone of Abandonment 53. Explain the purpose of a census tract

16 54. Explain the purpose of a gated community 55. Explain the purpose of New Urbanism 56. Identify the negative views of New Urbanism 57. Explain why urbanization occurred after WWII 58. Define an Edge City and identify what they may be known for 59. Define a Greenfield 60. Define a Boomburg 61. Define an Uptown 62. Identify the environmental concerns of city planners 63. Explain Urban Sprawl and Identify what is causes 64. Identify the issues that city planners most solve in order to create urban sustainability 65. Define an informal economy and explain why they emerge 66. Explain the characteristics of a European City 67. Identify how European Cities are different from North American cities 68. Explain the characteristics of a Latin American City 69. Identify how Latin American Cities are different from North American cities 70. Explain the Disamenity Sector 71. Explain Barrios/Barridas/Favelas 72. Define a squatter settlement and explain the conditions of them 73. Explain the characteristics of an African city 74. Explain the Characteristics of a Muslim city 75. Explain the characteristics of an Asian city