Chapter 9: Urban Geography

Transcription

1 Chapter 9: Urban Geography The Five Steps to Chapter Success Step 1: Read the Chapter Summary below, preview the Key Questions, and Geographic Concepts. Step 2: Complete the Pre-Reading Activity (PRA) for this chapter. Step 3: Read the chapter and complete the guided worksheet. Step 4: As you read the chapter, complete the World Region Map Sheets (WRMS) for every world map. Step 5: Quiz yourself on key concepts and key questions. Step 1: Chapter Summary, Key Questions, and Geographic Concepts Chapter Summary The city is an ever changing cultural landscape, its layers reflecting grand plans by governments, impassioned pursuits by individuals, economic decisions by corporations, and processes of globalization. Geographers who study cities have a multitude of topics to examine. From gentrification to teardowns, from favelas to McMansions, from spaces of production to spaces of consumption, from ancient walls to gated communities, cities have so much in common, and yet each has its own pulse, its own feel, its own spatial structure, its own set of realities. The pulse of the city is undoubtedly created by the peoples and cultures who live there. For it is the people, whether working independently or as part of global institutions, who continuously create and recreate the city and its geography. Key Questions When and why did people start living in cities? Where are cities located and why? How are cities organized and how do they function? How do people shape cities? What role do cities play in globalization?

2 Geographic Concepts agglomeration agora agricultural surplus agricultural village barriadas bid-rent theory blockbusting Ernest Burgess CBD (central business district) census tract centrality centralization central-place theory Walter Christaller city cityscapes colonial city commercialization commuter zone concentric zone model counterurbanization decentralization deindustrialization disamenity sector early cities economic base (basic/nonbasic) edge city emerging cities employment structure entrepôt ethnic neighborhood favela female-headed household festival landscape functional zonation gated communites gateway city Chapter 9: Urban Geography gender gentrification ghetto globalization great cities Griffin-Ford Model high-tech corridors hinterland Homer Hoyt hydraulic civilization indigenous city in-filling informal sector infrastructure inner city invasion and succession Mark Jefferson lateral commuting McGee model McMansions medieval cities megacities megalopolis/conurbation metropolitan area multiple nuclei model multiplier effect neighborhood office park peak land value intersection planned communities postindustrial city postmodern urban landscape primate city the projects racial steering rank-size rule redlining restrictive covenants secondary hearth sector model segregation settlement form (nucleated, dispersed, elongated) shantytowns shopping mall site/situation slum social stratification social structure South American city spaces of consumption specialization squatter settlement street pattern (grid, endritic, access, control) suburb suburbanization Sun Belt phenomenon symbolic landscape teardowns tenement trade areas threshold/range town underclass underemployment urban growth rate urban function urban hearth area urban heat island urban hierarchy urban hydrology urban morphology urban sprawl urbanization urbanized population white flight world city zone in transition zoning zoning laws

3 Chapter 9: Urban Geography Step 2: Pre-Reading Activity (PRA) Name Period Due Date 1. Create an outline for the chapter using headings, subheadings, and key questions. 2. After looking over the key questions, reading that chapter summary, and geographic concepts, write 2-3 sentences about what you expect to learn in this chapter.

4 Name Period Due Date Chapter 9: Urban Geography Choose 5 geographic concepts that you think you know and write a synonym for each. Geographic Concept Synonym 2. On the map shade in and label the six hearths of urbanization

5 3.Choose 20 geographic concepts that you need to learn and write the definition IN YOUR OWN WORDS. Geographic Concept Definition in your own words

6 Geographic Concept Definition in your own words

7 Geographic Concept Definition in your own words 4. Draw and label the three classical models of urban structure

8 5. Draw and label a Latin American city structure, a Subsaharan city, and a generalized southeast Asian city structure 6. What role do cities play in globalization?

9 7. Quiz yourself on the following multiple choice questions Which two components enabled cities to stabilize and grow? a) an agricultural surplus and social stratification b) religion and climate change c) a comprehensive road network and climate change d) religion and technology e) an agriculture surplus and technology is an example of a primate city a) Paris b) Berlin c) Casablanca d) Sydney e) New York Functional zonation a) describes the division of a city into certain regions for certain purposes b) is reflected in the cultural landscape c) helps us understand how cities are formed d) helps us understand the interplay between cities and globalization e) all of the above Zoning laws a) define areas of the city b) designate the kinds of development allowed in each zone c) vary from place to place d) impact the cultural landscape e) all of the above Teardowns are to as blockbusting is to a) McMansions, white flight b) Chicago, Tokyo c) Cairo, London d) gentrification, redlining e) parks, shopping malls Spaces of consumption a) are designed to alleviate poverty b) are designed to slow economic growth c) represent a fusion of urban, economic, and political geographies d) do not exist in rural areas e) did not exist until the 21st century