Physicochemical. Physical Properties. Surfaces by. Surface Patterning

Transcription

1 Affecting Physicochemical and Physical Properties of Surfaces by Surface Patterning

2 Wetting on patterned surfaces Non-wettable wettable T > Tdew Peltierelement T < Tdew Peltierelement

3 Wetting

4 Liquids on homogeneous surfaces Θ γsv - (γsl + γl cos(θ)) Youngs Equation g R Laplace pressure Pinside Poutside = 2 γ /R

5 Liquid morphologies on striped surfaces Theoretical description: R. Lipowsky, Structured surfaces and morphological wetting transitions, Interface Science 9, (2001)

6 Liquid morphologies on patterned surfaces

7 Liquids on µ-heterogeneous surfaces

8 Liquids on µ-heterogeneous surfaces t=0 min. Hexadecane (+ oil soluble component) t=20 min.

9 Crystallization of hexadecane droplets

10 Liquids on µ-heterogeneous surfaces oil 20 µm 2 µm 0.2 µm Quantum dots in w/o emulsion

11 Liquids on µ-heterogeneous surfaces

12 Capillary bridges as structural motifs

13 Capillary bridges as complex shaped liquid / liquid interfaces

14 Dewetting

15 Water assisted dewetting H.-G. Braun, E. Meyer, Thin Solid Films 345, 222 (1999)

16 Micropatterned lipid bilayers Lipopolymer µ-fluid CP Water condensation Dip-coating in Polystyrene P. Theato, R. Zentel, H.-G. Braun Polymer Preprints, Boston Meeting Sept. 2002

17 Film rupture during dewetting on homogeneous surfaces

18 Film formation by controlled dewetting on micropatterned surfaces E. Meyer, H.-G. Braun, Macromol. Mater. Eng. 276/277, 44 (2000)

19 Materials and methods PEO:Linear flexible polymer chain (72 helix) Mw : / 6000 / 2000 Takahashi, Tadokoro Macromolecules

20 Diffusive Growth

21 Film formation by controlled dewetting on micropatterned surfaces crystalline amorphous Hydrophobic motif (E-beam lithography of self-assembled Thiol) PEO on micropatterned 11-Mercaptoundecanoic acid chemisorbed on gold and structured by E-beam lithography

22 Controlled nucleation of metastable ultrathin PEO films Amorphous PEO layer crystallized on request by AFM contact

23 Diffusion controlled growth in confined layers DLA type growth of PEO layers under different undercooling

24 Heterogeneous nucleation sites Scratches Steps Rims

25 Morphology variation by temperature

26 Morphological characteristics J.-U. Sommer, G. Reiter LNP 606, Polymer Crystallization, p.164 Springer 2003

27 Molecular mechanism Diffusional process Lamella thickening process (T dependent)

28 PEO surface immobilisation by electrons H2O

29 Amino terminated PEO lamella

30 Lipid bilayers and their transitions A. Mueller, D. O Brien, Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 727

31 Mesophases of amphiphilic molecules A. Mueller, D. O Brien, Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 727

32 Mesophases of amphiphilic molecules

33 Mesophases of amphiphilic molecules Structural characterisation of mesophases by HRTEM XRayScattering

34 Polymerisable diacetylenes in vesicles / liposomes / layers H.Y. Shim, S.H. Lee, D.J. Ahn, K.-D. Ahn, J.M. Kim, Mat. Sci. Eng. C 24, 2004, 157

35 Topochemical Polymerisation of polydiacetylenes G. Wegner

36 H.Y. Shim, S.H. Lee, D.J. Ahn, K.-D. Ahn, J.M. Kim, Mat. Sci. Eng. C 24, 2004, 157

37 Change in colour due to interaction of polyacrylic acid with blue ( B) vesicles J.M. Kim et. Al., Adv. Mat. 15, 2003, 1118

38 Planar conformation of polyconjugated polymer backbone in blue polydiacetylenes R.W. Carpick, J.Phys.Cond. Matter 16, 2004, R679

39 Stress induced transformations of polydiacetylene molecules ( AFM, SNOM) R.W. Carpick, J.Phys.Cond. Matter 16, 2004, R679

40 Polydiacetylenes as molecular stress sensors R. Jelinek, JACS 123, 2001, 417

41 Formation of vesicle networks by electroporation, tether formation and extrusion O. Orwar, Langmuir 99, 2002, 11573

42 Formation of vesicle networks O. Orwar, Langmuir 99, 2002, 11573

43 Formation of multi component vesicle networks O. Orwar, Langmuir 99, 2002, 11573

44 Formation of multi component vesicle networks O. Orwar, Langmuir 99, 2002, 11573

45 3-d Liposome networks attached to SU-8 Resist O. Orwar, Langmuir 20, 2004, 5637

46 Formation of vesicle networks O. Orwar, Langmuir 99, 2002, 11573

47 Knots in nanofluidic vesicle networks O. Orwar, PNAS 101, 2004, 7949

48 Brochard-Wyart, Langmuir 19, 2003, 575

49 Brochard-Wyart, Langmuir 19, 2003, 575

50 Seifert et. Al. PRL, 2004,

51 Maeda, BBA 1564, 2002, 165

52 O. Orwar, Anal. Chem. 75, 2003, 2529

53 Formation of vesicle networks on microstructured surfaces O. Orwar, Langmuir 100, 2003, 3904

54 Generating flow between vesicle networks by changing their shape M. Karlsson, O. Orwar, Annual Reviews Physical Chemistry 55, 2004, 613

55 Diffusion through nanochannels O. Orwar, Anal. Chem. 75, 2003, 2529

56 The concept of vesicle nanofluidic networks M. Karlsson, O. Orwar, Annual Reviews Physical Chemistry 55, 2004, 613

57 Formation of lipid double layer from vesicles SG Boxer, Biophysical Journal, 2002, 83, 3372

58 Mobile microstructured membranes SG Boxer, Langmuir, 2001, 17, 3400

59 Field induced diffusion of lipids SG Boxer, Accounts Chemical Research, 2002, 35, 149

60 Mobile microstructured membranes SG Boxer, Current Opinion Chemical Biology, 2000, 704

61 Membrane Microfluidics SG Boxer, Langmuir, 2003, 19, 1624

62 Membrane Microfluidics SG Boxer, Langmuir, 2003, 19, 1624

63 Dynamics of nanoobjects Motion in ratchets

64 Dynamics of nanoobjects Motion in ratchets

65 Dynamics of nanoobjects Motion in ratchets Bader et. al.appl. Phys. A 75, (2002)

66 Physical effects of small volumes Parabolic flow profile Laminar and turbulent flow

67 Physical effects of small volumes From turbulent to laminar flow Aqueous solution c0, c1 L 100 nm < L < 100 µm Stationary flow boundary between flowing miscible liquids (water) Concentration gradient c0, c1 causes Mixing through diffusion across the boundary

68 Physical effects of small volumes Increase in specific surface area with decreasing volume R V = 4/3 π R3 S = 4 π R2 Sspecific = S/V = 3 / R Surface interactions and forces become dominating in small dimensions

69 Geometrical features of microfluidic systems

70 Flow induced generation of microemulsion droplets

71 Flow induced generation of microemulsion droplets

72 Rayleigh instability of cylindrical shaped liquid structures

73 Flow induced generation of microemulsion droplets Monodisperse Emulsion Generation via Drop Break Off in a Coflowing Stream P. B. Umbanhowar, V. Prasad, D. A. Weitz Langmuir 16, 347 (2000)

74 Flow induced encapsulation of cells Selective Encapsulation of Single Cells and Subcellular Organelles into Picoliter- and Femtoliter-Volume Droplets Mingyan He, J. Scott Edgar, Gavin D. M. Jeffries, Robert M. Lorenz, J. Patrick Shelby, and Daniel T. Chiu Anal. Chem. 2005, 77,

75 Flow induced generation of complex microphases Monodisperse Double Emulsions Generated from a Microcapillary Device S. Utada, E. Lorenceau, D. R. Link, P. D. Kaplan,H. A. Stone, A. Weitz Science 308, 537 (2005)

76 Flow induced generation of complex microphases Monodisperse Double Emulsions Generated from a Microcapillary Device S. Utada, E. Lorenceau, D. R. Link, P. D. Kaplan,H. A. Stone, A. Weitz Science 308, 537 (2005)

77 Flow induced generation of complex microphases Monodisperse Double Emulsions Generated from a Microcapillary Device S. Utada, E. Lorenceau, D. R. Link, P. D. Kaplan,H. A. Stone, A. Weitz Science 308, 537 (2005)

78 Micro- and nanostructures through self-assembly Guillaume Tresset and Shoji Takeuchi*, Anal. Chem.2005, 77,

79 Cell encapsulatioon in microdroplets Mingyan He, J. Scott Edgar, Gavin D. M. Jeffries, Robert M. Lorenz, J. Patrick Shelby, and Daniel T. Chiu* Anal. Chem.2005, 77,

80 Structural basics of proteins 24/01/11 80

81 Structural basics of proteins Torsionangles in peptide chain 24/01/11 Ramchandran energy map 81

82 Structural basics of proteins 24/01/11 82

83 Structural basics of proteins 24/01/11 83

84 Structural basics of proteins 24/01/11 84

85 Structural basics of proteins 24/01/11 85

86 Structural basics of proteins 24/01/11 86

87 Structure characterization of aqueous dispersed nanostructures by TEM Liposom 24/01/11 Virus Protein 87

88 Structure characterization of aqueous dispersed nanostructures by TEM Cryo Electron Microscopy Basic idea: Preserving the structure of soft objects in an aqueous environment for ultrastructure investigations in a UHV Environment. Water 24/01/11 20 nm to 100 nm thickness Ice Amorphous ice ( T < deg. C)

89 Structure characterization of aqueous dispersed nanostructures by TEM Cryo Electron Microscopy Rapid freezing with a simple freeze punger Vc > 10 4 K/s (cooling rate) 24/01/11 89

90 Structure characterization of aqueous dispersed nanostructures by TEM Frozen hydrated specimen preparation 24/01/11 90

91 Structure characterization of aqueous dispersed nanostructures by TEM Frozen hydrated specimen Multilamella Vesicles D. Andelmann, Physics Dept. Tel Aviv University 24/01/11 91

92 Structure characterization of aqueous dispersed nanostructures by TEM Frozen hydrated speciman Viruses 24/01/11 92

93 High resolution imaging of proteins Van Heel Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics 33, 4 (2000), pp /01/11 93

94 High resolution imaging of proteins 24/01/11 94

95 High resolution imaging of proteins 24/01/11 95

96 Major technological developments 18 th and 19 th century Steam engines Materials: Metals Steel 24/01/11 96

97 Major technological developments 20 th century Microchips Electrical motors / generators Materials: Metals 24/01/11 97 Silicon, Copper

98 Rotary motion produced by F1 ATP ase Protein dimers α,β are assembled to a hexagonal complex stator of the motor unit A single protein γ is located in the center of the hexagonal complex rotor of the motor unit 24/01/11 98

99 Rotary motion produced by F1 ATP ase The conformation of β protein is changed by hydrolysis of ATP. The conformational change affects the γ protein resulting in a 120 degree rotation 24/01/11 99

100 Optical tweezers

101 Rotary motion produced by F1 ATP ase Stepwise motion has been demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy 24/01/11 101

102 Rotary motion produced by F1 ATP ase Mechanical molecular scale 24/01/11 properties have been measured on a 102

103 Integration of single molecular motors into man-made microstructures 24/01/11 Montemagno et. al., Science 290 (2000)

104 Integration of single molecular motors into man-made microstructures Rotation of F1 ATP ase motors attached to micromachined structures has been demonstrated 24/01/11 104

105 Translatory motion produced by Kinesin or the molecular railway system Carriers made from vesicles Molecular motors made of Kinesin Molecular tracks made of microtubuli 24/01/11 105

106 Translatory motion produced by Kinesin 24/01/11 Molecular tracks are made of microtubuli 106 A. Desai,T.J. Mitchison, Ann. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol.13 (1997 ) 83

107 Translatory motion produced by Kinesin Polymerisation results in the reversible assembly of protein units A. Desai,T.J. Mitchison, Ann. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol.13 (1997 ) 83 24/01/11 107

108 Translatory motion produced by Kinesin The periodic arrangement of the α,β Tubulin molecules with 8 nm spacing favours a binding of the motor protein Kinesin. Kinesin can reversibly bind to adjacent Tubulin groups finally resulting in a translatory movement. 24/01/11 W.O. Hancock, J. Howard, PNAS 96 (1999) L. Romberg, D.W. Pierce, R.D. Vale, J. Cell Biology 140 (1998 )

109 Optical multitweezers

110 Optical tweezers for multiple particle manipulation

111 Nano transporters Jia, L. L. and Moorjani, S. G. and Jackson, T. N. and Hancock, W. O. Biomedical Microdevices 6, 67 (2004)

112 Nano transporters Jia, L. L. and Moorjani, S. G. and Jackson, T. N. and Hancock, W. O. Biomedical Microdevices 6, 67 (2004)

113 Biomimetics learning from Biosystems 1. Pearls and Mussels 1. Magnetosomes 1. Silk Structural properties 1. Diatomes 1. Lotus effect 1. Gecko Functional properties

114 Biomimetic calcification Nacre and pearls

115 Biomimetic calcification

116 Biomimetic calcification

117 Biomimetic calcification

118 Biomimetic calcification

119 Biomimetic calcification J. Aizenberg, A.J. Black, G.M. Whitesides, Nature 398 (1999) 495

120 Biomimetic calcification J. Aizenberg, A.J. Black, G.M. Whitesides, Nature 398 (1999) 495

121 Biomimetic calcification J. Aizenberg, Advanced Materials 16 (2004) 1295

122 Biomimetic calcification J. Aizenberg, Advanced Materials 16 (2004) 1295

123 Biomimetic calcification J. Aizenberg et. Al., Science 299 (2003) 1205

124 Silk Tensile strength : kg/cm² ( 5 times steel)

125 Silk Glcyin 37 %, Alanin 18 %, Polar Aminoacids 26 %

126 Structural basics of proteins 24/01/11 126

127 Structural basics of proteins Torsionangles in peptide chain 24/01/11 Ramchandran energy map 127

128 Structural basics of proteins 24/01/11 128

129 Structural basics of proteins 24/01/11 129

130 Silk

131 Silk QGAGAAAAAA-GGAGQGGYGGLGGQG AGQGGYGGLGGQG --AGQGAGAAAAAAAGGAGQGGYGGLGSQG AGR---GGQGAGAAAAAA-GGAGQGGYGGLGSQG AGRGGLGGQGAGAAAAAAAGGAGQGGYGGLGNQG AGR---GGQ--GAAAAAA-GGAGQGGYGGLGSQG AGRGGLGGQ-AGAAAAAA-GGAGQGGYGGLGGQG AGQGGYGGLGSQG AGRGGLGGQGAGAAAAAAAGGAGQ--- GGLGGQG AGQGAGASAAAA-GGAGQGGYGGLGSQG AGR---GGEGAGAAAAAA-GGAGQGGYGGLGGQG _----AGQGGYGGLGSQG AGRGGLGGQGAGAAAA---GGAGQ---GGLGGQG AGQGAGAAAAAA-GGAGQGGYGGLGSQG AGRGGLGGQGAGAVAAAAAGGAGQGGYGGLGSQG AGR---GGQGAGAAAAAA-GGAGQRGYGGLGNQG AGRGGLGGQGAGAAAAAAAGGAGQGGYGGLGNQG AGR---GGQ--GAAAAA--GGAGQGGYGGLGSQG AGR---GGQGAGAAAAAA-VGAGQEGIR--- GQG M. Xu, RV Lewis, PNAS, 87 (1990) 7120 J.D. van Beek, S. Hess, F. Vollrath & B.H. Meier PNAS 99 (2002) 10266

132 Silk Molecular nanosprings in spider capture-silk threads NATHAN BECKER1, EMIN OROUDJEV1, STEPHANIE MUTZ1, JASON P. CLEVELAND2, PAUL K. HANSMA1, CHERYL Y. HAYASHI3, DMITRII E. MAKAROV4 AND HELEN G. HANSMA Nature Materials 2 (2003) 278

133 Silkcapsules T. Scheibel, Adv. Mat. 19 ( 2007) 1810

134 Silkcapsules T. Scheibel, Adv. Mat. 19 ( 2007) 1810

135 Magnetic Particles Crystallographic structure of Magnetite (Fe3O4)

136 Magnetic Particles Electron spin configuration in Magnetite

137 Magnetic Order in Solid State Ferromagnetic: Parallel spin order Antiferromagnetic: Antiparallel spin order Paramagnetic: No spin order Superparamagnetic: Temporary spin orientation In external magnetic field nanosized effect

138 Magnetization in ferro- and Superparamagnetic systems

139 Neutron Scattering

140 Neutron Scattering Powder Diffractometer

141 Neutron Scattering

142 Magnetosome Formation Bazylinski, D., Frankel, R., Magnetic iron oxide and iron sulfide minerals within microorganisms. In: Baeuerlein, E. (Ed.), Biomineralization: from biology to biotechnology and medical application. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, pp

143 Magnetosome Formation Arash Komeili, et al., Science 311, 242 (2006) Magnetosomes Are Cell Membrane Invaginations Organized by the Actin-Like Protein MamK

144 Magnetosome Formation Arash Komeili, et al., Science 311, 242 (2006) Magnetosomes Are Cell Membrane Invaginations Organized by the Actin-Like Protein MamK

145 Magnetosome Formation Atsushi Arakaki, J. R. Soc. Interface (2008) 5, Formation of magnetite by bacteria and its application

146 Magnetosome Formation

147 Magnetosome Formation

148 Magnetosome Formation

149 Magnetosome Formation Dirk Schüler J. Molec. Microbiol. Biotechnol. (1999) 1(1):

150 Magnetosome Formation Magnetite formation in presence of the protein mms6 results in similar size distribution as in the cell Arakaki, A., Webb, J. & Matsunaga, T. A novel protein tightly bound to bacterial magnetite particles in Magnetospirillum magneticum strain AMB-1. J. Biol. Chem. 278, (2003).

151 Magnetosome Application Atsushi Arakaki, J. R. Soc. Interface (2008) 5, Formation of magnetite by bacteria and its application

152 Magnetosome Stabilisation a protein coating a) With MM MM Magnetosome Membrane b) Without MM protein coating Claus Lang and Dirk Schüler, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 18 (2006) S2815 S2828 Biogenic nanoparticles: production, characterization, and application of bacterial magnetosomes

153 Magnetosome Functionalization Claus Lang and Dirk Schüler, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 18 (2006) S2815 S2828 Biogenic nanoparticles: production, characterization, and application of bacterial magnetosomes

154 Synthetic Magnetosomes Yeru Liu and Qianwang Chen, Nanotechnology 19 (2008) Synthesis of magnetosome chain-like structures

155 Synthetic Magnetosomes Yeru Liu and Qianwang Chen, Nanotechnology 19 (2008) Synthesis of magnetosome chain-like structures

156 Magnetic nanoparticles in hyperthermia Rudo lf He rg t, S ilvio Dutz, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 311 (2007) Magnetic particle hyperthermia biophysical limitations of a visionary tumour therapy

157 Magnetic nanoparticles in hyperthermia Rudo lf He rg t, S ilvio Dutz, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 311 (2007) Magnetic particle hyperthermia biophysical limitations of a visionary tumour therapy

158 DNA structure

159 DNA structure

160 Replicating DNA by Polymerase Chain Reaction

161 Cloning by plasmids

162 Biomimetic approaches The gecko spiderman Autumn, K. MRS Bulletin 32, 473 (2007)

163 Biomimetic approaches The gecko structural entities C: Setae D: Single Setae - individual keratin fibrills (Spatula) Autumn, K. MRS Bulletin 32, 473 (2007)

164 Biomimetic approaches The gecko structural entities on various sizes Gao,H. Mechanics of Materials 37, 275 (2005)

165 Biomimetic approaches The gecko some basic mechanics F = 2/3 π R γ Van der Waals interaction Arzt,E. PNAS 100, (2003)

166 Biomimetic approaches The gecko some basic mechanics Arzt,E. PNAS 100, (2003)

167 Biomimetic approaches The gecko adhesion properties of materials Autumn, K. MRS Bulletin 32, 473 (2007)

168 Biomimetic approaches The gecko scaling of stresses Autumn, K. MRS Bulletin 32, 473 (2007)

169 Biomimetic approaches The gecko theoretical approaches Reibung Saugnäpfe Kapillarkräfte Mikroverzahnung Elektrostatik Van der Waals

170 Biomimetic approaches Van der Waals Kräfte Tritt zwischen allen Materialien auf Bewirkt durch Elektronenfluktuation Kurzreichweitig ~ 1/ D3 Stark abhängig von der Kontaktfläche

171 Biomimetic approaches Van der Waals Forces Hamaker constant: Add up all the interactions Between the red atoms Interaction free energy between two cubes of edge length L And separation distance l (-A/12 π l2) L2 l<< L L l (per pair)

172 Biomimetic approaches The gecko technological applications F = n1/2 F Chan, EP. MRS Bulletin 32, 496 (2007)

173 Biomimetic approaches The gecko technological applications Chan, EP. MRS Bulletin 32, 502 (2007)

174 Biomimetic approaches The gecko biomimetic materials Geim, AK Nature Materials 2, 461 (2003)

175 Biomimetic approaches The gecko technological applications Chan, EP. MRS Bulletin 32, 502 (2007)

176 Biomimetic approaches The gecko - some structural aspects of reversible Creton, C. & Gorb, S. MRS Bulletin 32, 466 (2007)

177 Biomimetic approaches The gecko capillary effects (secondary) Huber G., PNAS 102, (2005)

178 Biomimetic approaches The gecko technological applications Daltorio, KA. MRS Bulletin 32, 504 (2007)

179 Hydrophobic surface of collemboles (Springschwanz)

180 Hydrophobic surface of collemboles (Springschwanz)

181 Biomimetic approaches Ultrahydrophobic surfaces Influence of surface texture by roughness a,c Wenzel case Influence of surface texture by air entrapment b Cassie Baxter case Quere, D., Nature 1, 14 (2002)

182 Biomimetic approaches Ultrahydrophobic surfaces Wenzel case cos (θr) = r cos(θs) Contact angle on rough surface Contact angle on smooth surface r = A / A A = true surface area A = apparent surface area Cho, W.K., Nanotechnology 18, (2007)

183 Biomimetic approaches Ultrahydrophobic surfaces Cassie-Baxter cos (θr) = f1 cos(θs) f2 f1 = surface fraction mat. f2 = surface fraction air Cho, W.K., Nanotechnology 18, (2007)

184 Biomimetic approaches Ultrahydrophobic surfaces Shibuichi, S., J. Phys. Chem. 100, (1996)

185 Biomimetic approaches Ultrahydrophobic surfaces Aluminiumoxide surface hydrophobization by topography Cho, W.K., Nanotechnology 18, (2007)

186 Biomimetic approaches Ultrahydrophobic surfaces Surface hydrophobization by chemistry Cho, W.K., Nanotechnology 18, (2007)

187 Biomimetic approaches Ultrahydrophobic surfaces Cho, W.K., Nanotechnology 18, (2007)

188 Biomimetic ultrahydrophobic surface of Indium oxide Y. Li j. Coll. Int. Sci. 314, (2007)

189 Structural elements of FF-Dipeptide Dipeptide 1,2 nm

190 Structural transformations of FF Dipeptide FF Dipetide annealed FF Dipetide annealed at 155 deg. C / dry cond. at 155 deg. C / high humidity

191 Ultrahydrophobic self-assembled FF

192 Ultrahydrophobic self-assembled FF ΘOil 143 Y.Su J. Mater. Chem., 2010, 20, ΘWater 143

193 Ultrahydrophobic self-assembled FF J.S. Lee Soft Matter, 2009, 5,

194 Ultrahydrophobic honeycomb films W. Dong Langmuir 2009, 25,

195 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Self-assembling machines S. Griffith Nature 237, 636 (2005)

196 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Self-assembling machines R. Gross IEEE Transactions on robotics 237, (2006)

197 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Self-assembling microparts W. Zheng and H.O. Jacobs Adv. Mater. 2006, 18,

198 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Interfacial tension driven self-assembly J. Fang, KF Böhringer J. Micromech. Microeng. (2006)

199 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Principles of particle self-assembly L.Malaquin. Langmuir 2007, 23,

200 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Principles of particle self-assembly L.Malaquin. Langmuir 2007, 23,

201 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Principles of particle self-assembly PolyStyrene particles L.Malaquin. Langmuir 2007, 23, Gold particles

202 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Principles of particle self-assembly / DNA assisted SA M,.P. Valignat PNAS 2005, 102,

203 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Depletion induced assembly Hernadez, Mason TG, J.Phys. Chem. C (2007) 4477

204 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Principles of particle self-assembly / DNA assisted SA M,.P. Valignat PNAS 2005, 102,

205 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Principles of particle self-assembly / electrostatic SA J. Tien Langmuir 1997, 13,

206 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Principles of particle self-assembly / electrostatic SA J. Tien Langmuir 1997, 13,

207 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Principles of particle self-assembly / wetting controlled SA Rothemund PNAS 2000, 97,

208 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Principles of particle self-assembly / wetting controlled SA Rothemund PNAS 2000, 97,

209 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Principles of particle self-assembly / surface induced SA Onoe Small 2007, 3,

210 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Principles of particle self-assembly / surface induced SA Onoe Small 2007, 3,

211 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Principles of particle self-assembly / surface induced SA Onoe Small 2007, 3,

212 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Interfacial tension driven self-assembly M. Bowden Journal of the American Chemical Society 121, (1999)

213 Self organization of µ-/ mesocaled objects Interfacial tension driven self-assembly M. Bowden Journal of the American Chemical Society 121, (1999)