COMMISSIONED REPORT. Commissioned Report No.229. Habitat Survey of Ness Woods Special Area of Conservation. (ROAME No. F03LE02)

Transcription

1 COMMISSIONED REPORT Commissioned Report No.229 Habitat Survey of Ness Woods Special Area of Conservation (ROAME No. F03LE02) For further information on this report please contact: Tim Dawson Scottish Natural Heritage Fodderty Way, Dingwall Business Park DINGWALL IV15 9XB Telephone: This report should be quoted as: T. Jones, G. Jones & N. MacKenzie. (2007). Habitat Survey of Ness Woods Special Area of Conservation. Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report No.229 (ROAME No. F03LE02). This report, or any part of it, should not be reproduced without the permission of Scottish Natural Heritage. This permission will not be withheld unreasonably. The views epressed by the author(s) of this report should not be taken as the views and policies of Scottish Natural Heritage. Scottish Natural Heritage 2008.

2

3 COMMISSIONED REPORT Summary Habitat Survey of Ness Woods Special Area of Conservation Commissioned Report No. 229 (ROAME No. F03LE702) Contractors: Tessa Jones, Gus Jones & Neil MacKenzie Year of publication: 2007 Background The Ness Woods Special Area of Conservation (SAC) comprises three distinct areas of native woodland Glen Tarff, Easter Ness Forest and Inverfarigaig, which are located to the south and south east of Loch Ness in the Highland Council area. These woodlands have previously been notified as Sites of Special Scientific Interest principally because they contain one of the best eamples of mied broadleaved, oak and birch woods in the region. The European Anne 1 habitats, for which Ness Woods have been designated as a SAC, are the Tilio-Acerion ravine forests and the Old sessile oakwoods with Ile and Blechnum. The SAC designation is also based on the presence of otters which are found in the riparian woodland areas. The purpose of this report was to provide baseline habitat information on Ness Woods SAC in order to assist Scottish Natural Heritage s role in the provision of management advice for the site. The objectives were to compile vegetation maps and auiliary data for the three woodland SSSI sites, Glen Tarff, Easter Ness Forest and Inverfarigaig and, in particular, to report on the qualifying Anne 1 woodland habitats of the Ness Woods SAC. Main findings The three sites that comprise the Ness Woods SAC support significant stands of deciduous woodland with birch usually a prominent component. The survey recorded a total land area of 848 ha most of which was mapped to National Vegetation Classification (NVC) subcommunity level. This included 589 ha of native woodland of which 565 ha were recorded as Anne 1 habitats (W17, W11, W9 and W18). i

4 The main NVC woodland communities are: Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-dicranum majus woodland (W17) dominated by birchwoods. Frainus ecelsior-sorbus aucuparia-mercurialis perennis woodland (W9) - found in areas of greater base richness and dominated by mied woods of ash, hazel, wych elm, birch etc. Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-oalis acetosella woodland (W11) oak and birch woods. Alnus glutinosa-frainus ecelsior-lysimachia nemorum woodland (W7) - found on more gleyed mineral soil and dominated by alderwoods. Betula pubescens-molinia caerulea woodland (W4) some small stands of birch found in base poor conditions and often associated with mires. Pinus sylvestris-hylocomium splendens woodland (W18) Scots pine found on some of the often rocky and steep ground. For further information on this project contact: Tim Dawson, SNH, Fodderty Way, Dingwall Business Park, Dingwall, IV15 9XB Tel: For further information on the SNH Research & Technical Support Programme contact: The Policy & Advice Directorate Support, Scottish Natural Heritage, Great Glen House, Leachkin Road, Inverness, IV3 8NW; tel or ascg@snh.gov.uk ii

5 CONTENTS Summary i Acknowledgements iv Introduction 1 Methods 3 Results 5 Community descriptions: Glen Tarff 6 Easter Ness 11 Inverfarigaig 15 Concluding remarks 18 References 21 Appendi 1 Target note data Appendi 2 NVC quadrat data Appendi 3 Photographs Appendi 4 (part 1) Appendi 4 (part 2) NVC maps Anne1 woodland habitat maps Appendi 5 Access and survey route maps iii

6 Acknowledgements The authors of this report would like to thank Glendoe, Culachy, Dell, Knockie and Aldourie estates and their staff and also the Forestry Commission and Tilhill for permission to access and survey the Ness Woods. We also thank Ewan Pursor and Highland Birchwoods for completing the digitising of the vegetation maps and Sally Blyth and staff at Scottish Natural Heritage in Dingwall for assisting with access permission and the provision of other information. iv

7 Introduction The Ness Woods Special Area of Conservation (SAC) comprises three distinct areas of native woodland Glen Tarff, Easter Ness and Inverfarigaig, which are located to the south and south east of Loch Ness in the Highland Council area. These woodlands have previously been notified as Sites of Special Scientific Interest 1 principally because they contain one of the best eamples of mied broadleaved, oak and birch woods in the region. The European Anne 1 habitats, for which Ness Woods have been designated as a SAC, are the Tilio-Acerion ravine forests and the Old sessile oakwoods with Ile and Blechnum. The SAC designation is also based on the presence of otters which are found in the riparian woodland areas. The three native woodlands cover an area of some 851 ha between the shores of Loch Ness at 40m ASL rising to 520m ASL near the headwaters of the River Tarff deep within the Monadliath Mountains. The terrain is steep and often rocky with cliffs and unstable scree slopes in Easter Ness and deeply incised gorge sections running through much of the Glen Tarff and Inverfarigaig woods. Base rich soils are associated with many of the ravine and rocky slopes particularly where there are moist and shady conditions. The average annual rainfall ranges from 1000 mm in the Inverfarigaig woods to 1600 mm in the upper reaches of the Glen Tarff woods (Meteorological Office, 1977). The Glen Tarff woods probably have the strongest western influence. The current land-use in the Ness Woods area is deer stalking, hill grazing for sheep and commercial forestry. Recent forestry management operations at Inverfarigaig and Easter Ness have involved the felling of etensive areas of non-native conifers within and adjacent to the SAC site. There have also been some recent Woodland Grant Schemes designed to promote natural tree regeneration by deer fencing parts of the woodland at Glen Tarff and Easter Ness. At Glen Tarff selective felling of invasive beech Fagus sylvatica, which is not considered native to Scotland, within the gorge area was carried out in Part of the Inverfarigaig site is subject to heavy poaching by cattle and overgrazing by deer is an issue throughout all the Ness Woods area. There are three species of wild deer present in the Ness Woods. Sika deer Cervus nippon are well established in all the woodlands, and they or their signs (tracks and droppings) were encountered on most visits. Red deer Cervus elephas are currently particularly evident in the upper Tarff where there is more open hill ground. Roe deer Capreolus capreolus are widespread but were markedly less frequently seen during the survey than Sika deer. In addition there is a resident population of feral goats in the Easter Ness woods. More of Inverfarigaig is adjacent to public roads than is so for the two other relatively remote and unvisited woodlands. In part of the Inverfarigaig woodland the Forestry Commission have provided and maintain an amenity public walk served by a small car park with a toilet. Apart from this there has been negligible development of recreation or interpretation facilities for these woodlands. However, in the past access has been developed along the western side of Glen Tarff, where there is an etensive network of old tracks, designed particularly for horse drawn transport. And, while some bridges have been lost there are signs of some current management to maintain some of the track network including local felling of trees with roots undermining banks. Part of the Glen Tarff site is bisected by a powerline wayleave and current development on the upper catchment area includes a large hydroelectric scheme. In the Easter Ness wood small numbers of visitors walk to view the ancient Fraser yew tree near Knockie. While the shore of Loch Ness alongside this woodland offers relatively few good landing places in summer time it provides an area where people with boats land and cut fuel for fires on the beach. There has been no previous detailed vegetation survey of the Ness Woods. Target note information and brief survey data on selected parts of the sites eist in the form of 1 The woodland area Easter Ness in this report refers to the area notified as Easter Ness Forest Site of Special Scientific Interest. 1

8 unpublished notes in Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) files (see References). Averis (1991) as a part of wider Highland survey and Hodgetts (2003) in the Environmental Statement produced for the Glendoe hydro-electric scheme proposal provided detailed species lists of bryophytes for part of the Glen Tarff woods. Additional information relating to the past management of the Inverfarigaig site may be available from the Forestry Commission. The purpose of this survey was to provide baseline habitat information on Ness Woods SAC in order to assist Scottish Natural Heritage s role in the provision of management advice for the site. The objectives were to compile vegetation maps and auiliary data for three woodland SSSI sites, Glen Tarff, Easter Ness and Inverfarigaig and, in particular, to report on the qualifying Anne 1 woodland habitats of the Ness Woods SAC. The main outputs included: A detailed vegetation map at 1:10,000 scale, showing all NVC sub-communities and Anne 1 woodland habitats. A description of all the main NVC sub-communities. Quadrat tables for the main NVC sub-communities Target notes Photographs of Anne 1 habitats Species list and incidental observations Nomenclature referred to in the report follow Stace (1991) for vascular plants and Hill et al. (1991 and 1994) for bryophytes. 2

9 Methods Fieldwork was conducted during November and December All vegetation was mapped at a scale of 1:10,000 and assigned to a sub-community based on the National Vegetation Classification standard (Rodwell 1991a, 1991b & 1992). The type of vegetation was determined initially by visual eamination, while walking over the ground. Binoculars were routinely used to assist with the confirmation of plant and community identification. Final determination was also based on analysis of quadrat data. However on some steep ground, where for safety reasons the ground could only be inspected inadequately from a distance with binoculars, determination was only possible to community level. In addition, one small polygon (in Glen Tarff) was only assigned to community level due to the particularly moribund nature of the woodland. Further, heathland in a polygon (in Inverfarigaig) where access was obstructed by impenetrable felled conifers was not determined to sub-community level. Confirmation of some of the vegetation boundaries was assisted by the use of colour and black and white aerial photographs. These include aerials for Inverfarigaig (colour, scale 1:2,000 flown in July 1986), Glen Tarff (colour scale 1:10,000 and 1: 7,500 flown July 1990 and black and white scale 1:5,000 flown July 1971) and Easter Ness (black & white 1:10,000 undated). The aerial photos for both Inverfarigaig and Easter Ness post-date some commercial planting and underplanting of eotic conifers in these woods but pre-date some subsequent fellings of these conifers in recent years. During the course of a day, observer position was continually monitored with the aid of a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver to assist in accurate location of polygon boundaries. Conventional map reading was reverted to when GPS coverage proved unsatisfactory, for eample in enclosed situations in proimity to steep sided gorges. In several cases the vegetation cover consisted of an intricate mosaic of communities which were too small as individual stands to map separately. In such cases the polygons are coded as mosaics, giving each component the standard NVC name along with the estimated percentage of cover. For a few polygons with incomplete vegetation cover on particularly rocky sites a percentage of cliffs is estimated. Quadrat data were collected from representative sites, or from vegetation that could not be immediately clearly assigned to a community. The size of quadrats was a square of 2 metres. Quadrat location was determined using GPS at the site. Sometimes this was supplemented by conventional map reading where GPS locations were prone to inaccuracies due to such factors as poor satellite coverage related to steep and enclosed terrain. In accordance with the project brief at least five quadrats were obtained for each sub-community that occurred in at least five sizeable polygons at a site, and two quadrats were obtained for each sub-community that occurred in fewer than five polygons at a site. Some quadrats were also obtained to assist with the description of a community too small to be mappable. The Domin scale was used to provide a measure of the cover and a limited measure of abundance of each species in a quadrat. This is in line with methods used by Rodwell. This scale arguably better describes and differentiates different cover levels, in terms of ecological significance, than a simple linear scale would. In addition the actual percentage of bare ground/leaf litter in each quadrat was estimated. Target notes were made of vegetation communities that were too small to map, as indicated in the project brief (i.e. less than 0.2 ha), as well as incidental wildlife observations, and species, habitats and terrain features of particular note. The location of target note data were collected using GPS. A description of distinctive shoreline habitat at Easter Ness that was too narrow to map and too etensive to target note is also provided in the Results. 3

10 Some physical constraints, notably sheer slopes, restricted coverage of the site. Some impassable watercourses provided a further challenge at all sites. High water levels adversely affected opportunities for searching for plants sometimes associated with water edges, for eample filmy ferns (Hymenophyllum). At both Inverfarigaig and Easter Ness significant tracts were largely impassable due to felled conifers. As far as possible, days with heavy ground frost were avoided both for reasons of safety given the steep topography of much of the terrain and because such conditions slowed up field identifications and quadrat recording. The season in which the survey was undertaken imposed some constraints with some plants inevitably being not recorded at all or under-recorded. For eample, it was not the time of year to record most members of the Orchidaceae, or even the late flowering but ephemeral leaved Campanula rotundifolia. It was too late to find Trientalis europaeus and Anemone nemorosa (preferential for the Anemone nemorosa sub-community of the Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-oalis acetosella woodland (W11c)). Similarly absent were such species of the Frainus ecelsior-sorbus aucuparia Mercurialis perennis woodland (W9) as Allium ursinum, Adoa moschatellina, Tussilago farfara, Ranunculus ficaria, Trollius europaeus. Ferns that die back in autumn would have been under-recorded. Thus species such as Athyrium fili-femina and Phegopteris connectilis were not recorded at all, and only a few dead specimens of Gymnocarpium dryopteris were recorded. The most likely under-recorded species of diagnostic interest for determining NVC woodland communities included Mercurialis perennis (a constant species for W9), Stellaria holostea (a constant in W11d), Potentilla erecta (a constant in W11 and M17) and Hyacinthoides nonscripta (preferential for W11a and W11b). Betula and Quercus species were principally identified from fallen leaves. Therefore individual trees could often not be positively identified and the location of species with variable characters could not be precisely determined, especially near polygon boundaries. The occurrence of the Betula and Quercus species in different communities provided in the species lists has therefore necessarily involved some estimation. A few polygons were not classified to any formal standard, but were described by a simple description of the cover or reason for lack of information. For eample Planted CON = planted conifers; FTW = felled conifer brash left in situ to decompose; TSS (cliffs) = an area of cliffs too steep to survey. Digitisation of maps was undertaken fully in accord with the contract brief and provided as ArcGIS shapefiles where each polygon is labelled with a unique identifier, NVC code, area, Anne 1 code and % birch or oak canopy cover where appropriate. Point (quadrat, target note and photographs) data are recorded in an Ecel spreadsheet with a unique identifier and a grid reference determined with the GPS. Descriptive fields give the community and sub-community assignments where determined and, in the case of mosaics, also contain the percentage cover of each component. 4

11 Results The three sites that comprise the Ness Woods SAC support significant stands of deciduous woodland with birch usually a prominent component. This woodland is chiefly assigned in NVC terms to Quercus petraea-betula pubescens- Dicranum majus woodland (W17). In addition in areas of greater base richness there is Frainus ecelsior-sorbus aucuparia-mercurialis perennis woodland (W9). Other woodlands present are Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-oalis acetosella woodland (W11) and on more gleyed mineral soil the Alnus glutinosa-frainus ecelsior- Lysimachia nemorum woodland (W7). In base poor conditions often associated with mires there are some stands of Betula pubescens-molinia caerulea woodland (W4). On some of the often rocky and steep ground there is also a component of Pinus sylvestris- Hylocomium splendens woodland (W18). The survey recorded a total land area of 848 ha most of which was mapped to NVC subcommunity level. This included 589 ha of native woodland of which 565 ha were recorded as Anne 1 habitats (W17, W11, W9 and W18). Table 1 details the areas of the Anne 1 woodland habitats. The following sections describe the vegetation communities of each site in more detail with particular reference to Tilio-Acerion ravine forests and old oak woods with Ile and Blechnum, which are the main Anne 1 woodland habitats relevant in the present survey. Table 1 Area of Anne 1 woodland habitats in Ness Woods SAC (areas in ha) Anne 1 habitat Tilio-Acerion ravine forests Old oakwoods with Ile & Blechnum NVC W9 W11 W17 W18 Glen Tarff Easter Ness Inverfarigaig TOTAL Caledonian pinewoods 5

12 Community Descriptions Glen Tarff There are etensive stands of four woodland communities and less etensive stands of a fifth woodland community at Glen Tarff. Three of the more etensive stands are Anne 1 woodland habitats. These are the Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-dicranum majus woodland (W17), the Frainus ecelsior-sorbus aucuparia-mercurialis perennis woodland (W9) and the Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-oalis acetosella woodland (W11). There are no developed stands of the Pinus sylvestris-hylocomium splendens woodland (W18). Considering the total area of Anne 1 habitats in the Ness Woods SAC as a whole the proportion mapped in the Glen Tarff site is as follows: W9 2%, W11 17%, W17 9% (see also Figure 1). The other woodland communities present are the Alnus glutinosa-frainus ecelsior-lysimachia nemorum woodland (W7) and Betula pubescens-molinia caerulea woodland (W4). The Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-oalis acetosella woodland (W11) is assigned to the Anemone nemorosa sub-community (W11c) which Rodwell describes with the Stellaria holostea-hypericum pulchrum sub-community (W11d) as having a relatively eastern distribution in Scotland. At Tarff there are some stands of W11 dominated by Corylus in this respect showing certain affinity with the Dryopteris dilatata sub-community (W11a) (along with the Blechnum spicant sub-community (W11b) has a largely western distribution). Some features of the ground vegetation, for eample the lack of luuriant fern growth and the absence of Lonicera and Rubus (and the suspected limited cover of Hyacinthoides tentatively inferred from lack of dead flowering spikes) are however inconsistent with these sub-communities. For oak and birch species there is also an unsatisfactory match. Oak in the Anemone nemorosa sub-community (W11c) shows some Quercus robur characteristics. While the distribution of oak is confined to the north of the site, where it is present such characteristics are evident and in this respect consistent with either W11c (or the Stellaria holostea-hyperichum pulchrum sub-community (W11d) that also has an eastern distribution). Stands of the Quercus patraea-betula pubescens-oalis acetosella woodland (W11) at Tarff tended to have Betula pendula present but this was generally not as common as Betula pubescens. In lower altitude stands of the Anemone nemorosa sub-community (W11c) especially Betula pubescens is described as not as common as Betula pendula, although frequent. The proportion of Betula pendula W11 stands at Tarff therefore show some deficiency in Betula pendula for W11c and in this respect deviates markedly from the Stellaria holostea-hyperichum pulchrum sub-community (W11d) and the other eastern sub-sommunity. On the other hand the proportion of Betula pendula is too high for congruency with the two more western sub-communities the Dryopteris dilatata subcommunity (W11a) and the Blechnum spicant sub-community (W11b). In one etensive stand on the East of the Tarff with a high dominance of Corylus avellana, a deficiency of Quercus and an unusually low frequency of Betula, Frainus was particularly prominent as an occasional emergent often located beside small watercourses draining towards the river Tarff. Descriptions of the Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-oalis acetosella woodland (W11) do not include Frainus for the two more eastern sub-communities (W11c and W11d). However as this species is to be epected in W9 and W7 and at low frequency in all W17 sub-communities and most W4 sub-communities, the enrichment of W11c with Frainus in W11c could be seen as merely a transition from the Quercus petraea-betula 6

13 pubescens-oalis acetosella woodland (W11) with elements of for eample, the Frainus ecelsior-sorbus aucuparia-mercurialis perennis woodland (W9). Such elements could be viewed as relictual if reflecting a shift from W9 to W11 woodland. With loss of woodland cover and characteristics of soil moisture and fertility a trend for the Frainus ecelsior-sorbus aucuparia-mercurialis perennis woodland (W9) to degrade to the Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-oalis acetosella woodland (W11) certainly seems plausible. Such an interpretation possibly accounts for the situation on some of the less precipitous slopes where relatively isolated old specimens of Ulmus glabra were noted in a landscape with sometimes rather parkland like features. Such features were well epressed in the vicinity and just to the north of Coille Cailiche where locally tree cover is rather fragmentary and sheep grazing appears to be having a significant influence on the character of the vegetation. Here, in addition to the odd isolated old Ulmus glabra, a few isolated Crataegus monogyna were present. Crataegus was not abundant at Tarff but was recorded from both west and east banks of the main river. Stands of the Anemone nemorosa sub-community of the Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-oalis acetosella woodland (W11c) occupied both banks of the Tarff on slopes that were often steep but frequently less precipitous than sites occupied by the Frainus ecelsior-sorbus aucuparia-mercurialis perennis woodland (W9). Where mosaics are recorded with W9 the W9a tended to be in wetter steeper areas frequently nearer the main river. Where the mosaic is with W17b the W17b (sometimes apparently of relatively recent arrival) tends to be above the W11 in a strip following a band of raised or craggy and less fertile and more freely draining rocky ground adjoining heathland. Rather poorly stocked stands or stands where there was negligible evidence of current successful regeneration were present on both sides of the Tarff. In some areas East of the Tarff and densely stocked with Corylus, areas of eposed soil (and Potentilla sterilis a species recorded in W9 and W7 woodland) show some floristic similarities to stands of the Frainus ecelsior-sorbus aucuparia-mercurialis perennis woodland (W9). In the W11 this could have reflected the activity of herbivores in addition to the steep gradient. The stands of W11 tend to be replaced with stands of the Quercus petraea-betula pubescens- Dicranum majus woodland (W17) on apparently poorer soils at somewhat higher altitude in upstream areas to the south. The Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-dicranum majus woodland (W17) is very largely represented by the typical sub-community (W17b) (see Figure 1). An etensive area assigned to the Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus sub-community (W17d) in a mosaic with the typical sub-community (W17b) is in an area of varied topography on the west bank of the Allt Coire na Ceire. At this location the Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus sub-community (W17d) often occupied ridge crests. There are also abundant signs of deer and indications of considerable grazing pressure. The composition of stands of W17b showed considerable variation. Oak for eample is a major constituent in a stand on the west bank at the north of the site but completely absent from stands further up river to the south with evidently high grazing pressures. The condition of Vaccinium myrtillus, a constant in this community showed variation being luuriant on steep banks out of reach of herbivores and generally browsed down in adjacent accessible areas. In some of the steeper rockier ground occupied by the typical sub-community of the Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-dicranum majus woodland (W17b) for eample, East of Coille Cailliche there are occasional specimens of Populus tremula (a species reported by Rodwell from one sub-community of the Frainus ecelsior-sorbus aucuparia-mercurialis perennis woodland (W9). 7

14 The typical sub-community of the Frainus ecelsior-sorbus aucuparia-mercurialis perennis woodland (W9a) occupies some of the steeper and more enriched ground on the banks of the Tarff. It is predominantly distributed towards the north of the site. In some areas it tended to grade into the Deschampsia cespitosa sub-community of the Alnus glutinosa-frainus ecelsior-lysimachia nemorum woodland (W7c). Some rather calcicolous species (for eample, Scrophularia nodosa and Asplenium trichomanes) present at Tarff are not reported by Rodwell for the Frainus ecelsior- Sorbus aucuparia-mercurialis perennis woodland (W9). These hint at some affinity with the Frainus ecelsior-acer campestre Woodland (W8). The W8e Geranium robertianum sub-community of this woodland occurs north of the Highland boundary fault. However, the constant species for this community of Acer and Rubus are lacking at Tarff (apart from an isolated record of Rubus fruticosus in W17 woodland at the north of the site). The nationally scarce grass Festuca altissima was noted at a few locations in the present survey on the west bank of the Tarff towards the north of the site. Towards the southern etremities of the site there is a tendency for tree cover to be sparse with some areas of woodland now only persisting as scattered clumps of a few trees. This fragmentation, increase in proportion of rather moribund trees and lack of evidence of regeneration may largely reflect high grazing pressure. A moribund character with generally sparse trees and lack of regeneration is a feature of much of the Betula pubescens-molinia caerulea woodland (W4) at Tarff. In it the bog moss Sphagnum recurvum tends to be more frequent than Sphagnum palustre. Stands are assigned to the Juncus effusus sub-community but tend only to have a limited element of Alnus glutinosa. The grass Molinia caerulea is rather infrequent perhaps reflecting the relatively eastern location of the site for this grass which tends to be more dominant in the west. The presence of a few species (the moss Breutelia chrysocoma, and the sedges Care echinata and Care binervis) not recorded by Rodwell for this woodland may reflect the sparse tree cover and a trend towards the Scirpus cespitosa-erica tetrali wet heath (M15). The W4 is typically in relatively small stands on moderately sloping ground, for eample on the edge of the woodland on the north-east flanks of Meall Odhar. It is completely absent from the north part of the site. W4 occurs adjacent to wet heath and blanket mire. Where the Betula pubescens-molinia caerulea woodland (W4) is present in mosaics with W17 as epected it typically occupies wetter areas. The Scirpus cespitosus-erica tetrali wet heath (M15) is assigned to the typical subcommunity M15b. It was found mostly towards the south of the site on usually only gently sloping ground over shallow peat. Sometimes this wet heath was closely associated with deeper peat supporting the Calluna vulgaris-eriophorum vaginatum blanket mire (M19a) and over short distances where there were steepish, shady banks with deep heather it gave way to Calluna vulgaris-vaccinium myrtillus-sphagnum capillifolium heath (H21). The Calluna vulgaris-eriophorum vaginatum blanket mire is assigned to the Erica tetrali sub-community (M19a). In this sub-community the community constant Rubus chamaemorus, which was not recorded in the present survey, is very infrequent. This blanket mire is etensive across gently sloping open hill ground outwith the study area. Some areas within this community in the study area showed marked erosion. Some erosion channels were about a metre deep and in some areas of eroding peat there are eposed remains of tree roots probably of Pinus sylvestris. The Molinia caerulea-potentilla erecta mire is assigned to the Erica tetrali subcommunity (M25a) in which grasses other than Molinia are rather thinly represented and Eriophorum angustifolium can be present. Unusually for this sub-community Juncus effusus features instead of Juncus acutiflorus. Within one quadrat there is a little Sphagnum subnitens, a species not reported for this community by Rodwell. 8

15 There are only few areas of the Care echinata-sphagnum recurvum/auriculatum mire (M6) within the study area. These are assigned to the Juncus effusus sub-community (M6c) in which Juncus effusus is particularly prominent. This mire is found at the south of the site with the Scirpus cespitosus-erica tetrali wet heath (M15) and the Molinia caerulea-potentilla erecta mire (M25). The Care demissa-saifraga aizoides mire is assigned to the Cratoneuron commutatum-eleocharis quinqueflora sub-community (M11b). This sub-community lacks montane species like Thalictrum alpinum and is found at lower altitudes than the Thalictrum alpinum-juncus triglumis sub-community. Constants for the community include Care demissa, C. panicea, C. pulicaris, Juncus articulatus and Saifraga aizoides. These open, well-irrigated stoney flushes were all too small to map in the present survey. They occur on open ground at the north end of the site. The relatively frequent occurrence of this community is of some interest; Rodwell reports that the Care demissa-saifraga aizoides mire is largely confined to Scotland and outside the southern and central highlands is known from scattered locations in the north and west. The Thelypteris limbosperma-blechnum spicant community (U19) is not differentiated into sub-communities by Rodwell. Even allowing for some under- recording (given that leaf fronds of Oreopteris limbosperma are less persistent than bracken) this community covers a very small area compared to the Pteridium aquilinum-galium saatile community (U20). Where mapped as a mosaic the Thelypteris limbosperma-blechnum spicant community (U19) usually occupies the shadier, more sheltered and often steeper banks. Although Rodwell surprisingly does not report Oreopteris limbosperma as occurring within woodland (as occurs to some etent within the present study area) he suggests it is probably seral to oak-birch or pine forest. The Pteridium aquilinum-galium saatile community is assigned to the Anthoanthum odoratum sub-community (U20a) which is more grass rich than the species poor subcommunity U20c and in which Vaccinium myrtillus is less constant than in the Vaccinium myrtillus-dicranum scoparium sub-community (U20b). Mosaics of U20a with the Calluna vulgaris-erica cinerea heath (H10) are more frequent in the upper Tarff with mosaics with the Festuca ovina-agrostis capillaris-galium saatile grassland (U4) more frequent in the lower Tarff. Most of the heathland in the site is assigned to the typical sub-community of the Calluna vulgaris-erica cinerea heath (H10a) that has frequent Erica cinerea. This community was distributed throughout the site ecept the etreme north. In mosaics with the Pteridium aquilinum-galium saatile community (U20) and the Festuca ovina-agrostis capillaris- Galium saatile grassland (U4) it is usually largely associated with drier rocky outcrops and knolls where soils are relatively shallow and freely draining. At the south of the site this heathland occurs in mosaics with the Scirpus cespitosus-erica tetrali wet heath (M15). At these sites the heath also occupies free draining banks, ridges and rocky outcrops. The Calluna vulgaris-vaccinium myrtilus heath is assigned to the Calluna vulgaris subcommunity (H12a). With loss of tree cover this heath, that has frequent Vaccinium myrtillus, may succeed Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-dicranum majus woodland (W17). This community is present to the west of the Lagan A Bhainne and the Allt Coire Uchuachan adjoining wet heath and blanket bog communities and some Quercus petraea- Betula pubescens-dicranum majus woodland (W17). A proportion of this stand has been recently burnt. Grazing pressure may have been a factor contributing to the scarcity of well-developed Calluna vulgaris-vaccinium myrtillus-sphagnum capillifolium heath (H21). The few stands of this were assigned to the Calluna vulgaris Pteridium aquilinum sub-community (H21a). This heath was altogether absent from the northern part of the site. The Juncus squarrosus-festuca ovina grassland (U6) is assigned to the Sphagnum 9

16 spp. sub-community (U6a). This community occupies a locality in the south of the site. The Nardus stricta -Galium saatile grassland (U5) is assigned to the Care panicea- Viola riviniana sub-community (U5c). A small amount of the Agrostis canina- Polytrichum commune sub-community (U5b) is found in a mosaic with the Juncus squarrosus-festuca ovina grassland (U6a). The Nardus stricta-galium saatile grassland (U5) was only found at the south of the site. The Festuca ovina-agrostis capillaris-galiun saatile grassland (U4) is assigned to the typical sub-community U4a. It is found at the edge of woodland W17b and W11c, in mosaics with W4 and W9 woodland and also with U20a, the Erica tetrali sub-community of the Molinia caerulea-potentilla erecta mire (M25a) and the typical sub-community of the Calluna vulgaris-erica cinerea heath (H10a). In some locations it is present where grazing pressure is heavy. M15 W9a W17 W11 W17b (17%) W11c (37%) W9a (4%) W7c (6%) W4b (2%) U4a (6%) U5b (0.1%) U20a (7%) M19a (3%) M25a (3%) M15b (10%) H10a (1%) H12a (1%) H21a (1%) H10a/U4a (1%) U4a/M15b (0.1%) U6a (0.1%) U19 (0.1%) W17d (0.1%) M6c (0.2%) W (TSS) (0.1%) W17 (TSS) (0.1%) W9 (TSS) (0.1%) Figure 1 Proportion of NVC plant communities at Glen Tarff SSSI 10

17 Easter Ness Markedly the most etensive Anne 1 woodland habitat at Easter Ness is the Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-dicranum majus woodland (W17) (see Figure 2). In addition there are some areas of Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-oalis acetosella woodland (W11) and Pinus sylvestris-hylocomium splendens woodland (W18). Considering the Ness Woods SAC as a whole the proportion of these habitats contributed by the Easter Ness site is as follows: W17 52%, W11 5% and W18 0.5% (see also Figure 2). The Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-dicranum majus woodland (W17) is largely represented by the typical sub-community (W17b). This sub-community is rich in Pteridium aquilinum and dwarf shrubs especially Vaccinium myrtillus. In some areas it grades into the Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus sub-community (W17d) with vegetation of an intermediate character between W17b and W17d. The typical sub-community (W17b) compared with the Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus subcommunity (W17d) in which Calluna and the moss Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus are preferential, is richer in Corylus avellana and at Easter Ness sometimes occupies areas that are less dry in character. The hepatic Diplophyllum albicans, although not recorded for W17d by Rodwell (1991a) was however noted in one quadrat in this sub-community at Easter Ness. Rodwell indicates that the Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus sub-community (W17d) has a somewhat more eastern distribution in Scotland than the typical subcommunity (W17b). The shrub Juniperus communis was found only occasionally in the present survey and usually in sites rather inaccessible to grazing animals. Within the W17 woodland community Juniperus is only recorded in sub-community W17d by Rodwell. The present survey was too late in the season to find Trientalis europaeus, a species characteristic of the Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus sub-community (W17d). The Isothecium myosuroides-diplophyllum albicans sub-community (W17a) is separable from the Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus sub-community (W17d) and typical subcommunity (W17b) by a suite of bryophytes. At Easter Ness this sub-community, in which bryophytes are prolific, growing epiphytically on trees of Corylus and Betula as well as over rocks, typically occupies sheltered and shady areas often below cliffs where fallen rocks are abundant. The Isothecium myosuroides-diplophyllum albicans sub-community (W17a) is recorded by Rodwell as rather western in distribution and is thus of interest so far east. At this site some of the Western Atlantic and Western British bryophytes recorded in this subcommunity appear to be lacking. However, from maps provided by Hill et al. (1994) it appears the records for Plagiochila asplenioides and P. porelloides in the present survey in W17a may add new 10km square records. A high proportion of the Corylus is mature and often rich in epiphytes including lichens such as Lobaria pulmonaria. It can be deduced from discarded nut shells that hazel nuts are eploited by red squirrels Sciurus vulgaris at Easter Ness, even at sites some distance away from planted conifer stands. Some of the hazel might once have been coppiced but the present survey did not reveal clear field evidence of this, or of coppicing of Quercus. The Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-oalis acetosella woodland (W11) characteristically occupies gentler slopes where soils are less acidic than the more ericoid rich Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-dicranum majus woodland (W17). The stands of Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-oalis acetosella woodland are assigned to the Anemone nemorosa sub-community (W11c). Preferential species for this sub-community Anemone nemorosa and Trientalis europaea were not recorded, but this is likely to have been due to the timing of the survey. Of the tree species in W11c at Easter Ness Quercus hybrid and Q. robur play a minor role with Betula pubescens and B. pendula a major one. Corylus avellana, including over- 11

18 mature specimens, provides an etremely important element in some stands. The Frainus ecelsior-sorbus aucuparia-mercurialis perennis woodland (W9) is not mapped at Easter Ness. However, some more base rich pockets, often with rather craggy, unstable and inaccessible terrain contain elements of this community. These include records of aspen Populus tremula and Rosa canina (consistent with W9 but not recorded in Rodwell in W11 or W17). The occurrence of Ulmus glabra is also consistent with W9 (and W7). Ulmus glabra is only occasional at Easter Ness and one over-mature specimen was encountered. The mappable areas of Pinus sylvestris-hylocomium splendens woodland (W18) are assigned to the Vaccinium myrtillus-v. vitis idaea sub-community (W18b). A smaller fragment of this habitat is assigned to the Sphagnum capillifolium/quinquefarium- Erica tetrali sub-community (W18d). On some areas too steep to survey the sub-community was not determined. Some pinewood habitat etends over the area too steep to survey north east of the Horseshoe Craig. Some of the steep crags with prominent Pinus sylvestris also have Populus tremula that is not recirded by Rodwell (1991a) for W18 and can be scarce within the native pinewoods in Scotland. Some of the pines can be described as grannies although younger age classes (perhaps in some areas consistent with incoming seed from neighbouring plantations) are also present. A rare species recorded from Easter Ness Orthilia secunda is often associated with pinewood habitat and although within and bordering W17b was close to an area with fragments of Pinus sylvestris-hylocomium splendens woodland (W18). Tree species of particular interest include an eceptionally ancient multi-stemmed yew Taus baccata (the Fraser yew ) and specimens of rock whitebeam Sorbus rupicola. The canopy circumference of the ancient yew measures a remarkable 98m with a 30m diameter. It can be likened to the much visited Fortingall yew in Tayside and is named on the first edition Ordnance Survey map of Within the Highlands its age and stature would appear to be eceptional. At Easter Ness, yew cannot be readily related to any currently present woodland community. However, Taus is sometimes a component of the floristically diverse Frainus ecelsior-acer campestre-mercurialis perennis woodland (W8). This community has some affinities with the Frainus ecelsior-sorbus aucuparia- Mercurialis perennis woodland (W9). A comprehensive search for Sorbus rupicola was beyond the scope of the present survey, especially given the difficulty of distinguishing it from rowan after leaf fall at a distance on cliff faces. Stands of Betula pubescens-molinia caerulea woodland (W4) occupy level or gently sloping ground. Some of these are at the foot of slopes of Calluna vulgaris-vaccinium myrtillus-sphagnum capillifolium heath (H21) and adjoining Calluna vulgaris- Eriophorum vaginatum blanket mire (M19). The moss Polytrichum commune tended to be present at a higher frequency and in higher abundance than recorded by Rodwell (1991a) for W4 woodland. The occasional occurrence of Lysimachia nemorum, Breutelia chrysocoma and Ranunculus flammula in this habitat is of interest as these species are not listed in Rodwell for this woodland. The presence of Viola palustris and the absence of, for eample Dryopteris dilatata, Rubus fruticosus, Lonicera periclymenum, Mnium hornum and scarcity of Molinia, are more consistent with W4b rather than the Dryopteris dilatata sub-community (W4a). The lack of Potentilla erecta is likely to have reflected the time of year in which the survey was undertaken. The area of Alnus glutinosa-frainus ecelsior-lysimachia nemorum woodland (W7) was not high (Figure 2). Apart from some stands west of Loch Tarff that showed elements of the Care remota-cirsium palustre sub-community (W7b), the prominence of the grass 12

19 Deschampsia cespitosa was clearly consistent with the Deschampsia cespitosa subcommunity (W7c). In addition to the mapped areas of W7, limited elements of this woodland occur in the form of an almost continuous but narrow fringe by the shore of Loch Ness. The loch edge is often stoney, and the community constants Filipendula ulmaria and Lysimachia nemorum and other ground vegetation characteristic of the W7 woodland as described by Rodwell are apparently often absent, perhaps due to inadequate soil. (In addition Filipendula is likely to have been under-recorded due to having largely died back). This fringe includes Alnus, Frainus and Sorbus aucuparia, and includes a high proportion of small and regenerating trees. The shoreline fringe had a consistent and distinctive character, but was not mapped due to its narrow width. In many parts of the site there is an increased frequency of Frainus on the lower slopes nearer the shore of Loch Ness. Alnus however is usually more restricted to a few metres from the loch shore. The steep and largely north facing aspect of the site may partly account for the welldeveloped stands of Calluna vulgaris-vaccinium myrtillus-sphagnum capillifolium heath (H21). This was only represented by the Calluna vulgaris-pteridium aquilinum sub-community (H21a) which has a less diverse component of hepatics compared to H21b. The presence so far east of this western oceanic community is of interest. Burning is reported to be very damaging to this community (Rodwell 1991b) and this is probably likely to be especially so in drier more easterly sites. An area where this community (and adjacent Calluna vulgaris Eriophorum vaginatum blanket mire (M19a)) has recently been burnt was target noted. The Calluna vulgaris-arctostaphylos uva-ursi heath (H16) occupies eposed, rocky outcrops and at Easter Ness Arctostaphylos uva-ursi was sometimes prominent in this community. Where stands contained Vaccinium myrtillus this was assigned to the Vaccinium myrtillus- V. vitis-idaea sub-community (H16b). None of the herb rich Pyrola media-lathyrus montanus sub-community (H16a) was identified and only local eamples of the Cladonia spp sub-community (H16c) were present. This heath can be favoured by muirburning, but at some sites conditions appeared sufficiently rocky or eposed for it to persist without such management. Many other open heathy areas were assigned to the Calluna vulgaris sub-community (H12a) of the Calluna vulgaris-vaccinium myrtillus heath. Areas of the typical subcommunity of Calluna vulgaris- Erica cinerea heath (H10a) are more localised, with some occupying free draining, largely south-facing slopes. This community was not recorded south-west of the Allt Luaidhe. Blanket mire habitats were assigned to the Erica tetrali sub-community of the Calluna vulgaris-eriophorum vaginatum blanket mire (M19a). This habitat is generally found on more level ground present towards the east of the north-west part of the site. It has a significant element of pleurocarpous mosses alongside Sphagnum species. Of interest was a record of the bog moss Sphagnum magellanicum. This species is not recorded for this community by Rodwell but is a constant in the Erica tetrali -Sphagnum papillosum raised and blanket mire (M18). Both the Scirpus cespitosus-erica tetrali wet heath (M15) and the Molinia caerulea- Potentilla erecta mire (M25) generally occupy fairly gentle slopes at the eastern part of the site. The Scirpus cespitosus-erica tetrali wet heath (M15) is assigned to the typical subcommunity M15b with Calluna vulgaris, Erica tetrali and Molinia caerulea well represented but few Cladonia lichens or sedges. As in other communities at Easter Ness Eriophorum angustifolium was found only occasionally. The Molinia caerulea-potentilla erecta mire (M25) is assigned to M25a, the Erica tetrali sub-community and in some areas was closely associated with water tracks in blanket bog. In some openings with deeper soils there are stands of the Pteridium aquilinum-galium 13

20 saatile community (U20). Some of these stands are etensive and bordered by or containing a few relic Corylus avellana and crossed by sheep and deer paths. Those where Pteridium is overwhelmingly dominant are assigned to the species poor sub-community U20c. There are also eamples of the less uniform Anthoanthum odoratum subcommunity (U20a), and a single polygon of the heathier Vaccinium myrtillus-dicranum scoparium sub-community (U20b). Grassland habitats are not well represented at this site. However the typical sub-community of Festuca ovina-agrostis capillaris-galium saatile grassland (U4a) provides some cover in some of the areas of recent fellings. The recently disturbed nature of some of these sites is reflected in the etent of bare ground and the occurrence of such atypical species for this community as Digitalis purpurea. Only areas too small to map were found of the Trifolium repens-luzula campestris subcommunity of the Festuca ovina-agrostis capillaris-thymus praeco grassland (CG10a). These were associated with enriched banks at the edge of watercourses, were well grazed and provided a locus on this site for species such as Pinguicula vulgaris and Linum catharticum. On stonier and wetter flushed areas some elements were found of the Cratoneuron commutatum-eleocharis quinqueflora sub-community of the Care demissa-saifraga aizoides mire (M11b) including the constant for this community Saifraga aizoides. Evidence of otter Lutra lutra was found net to the burn flowing north from Loch Kemp. Goats appeared to be widely distributed with most signs found on steep ground. The largest group was seen from a boat near the mouth of the Allt Doe. W11c M15b M19a U20c H21a H16b (1%) H21a (11%) H12a (8%) H10a (1%) H12a W18 W18b W17a W17b (62%) W17d (1%) W11c (6%) W7c (1%) W4b (1%) U20c (3%) U20b U20a M15b (2%) W17b M19a (2%) M25a (1%) Figure 2 Proportion of NVC plant communities at Easter Ness Forest SSSI 14

21 Inverfarigaig There are etensive stands of three woodland communities at Inverfarigaig. The two most etensive of these are Anne 1 woodland habitats (W17 and W9). Considering the Ness Woods SAC as a whole the proportion of these habitats contributed by the Inverfarigaig site is as follows: W17 12%, W11 0.5%, W9 2% and W % (see also Figure 3). The component of the Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-dicranum majus woodland (W17) is high even if the area containing a large element of felled conifers mied with this community is discounted from consideration. There is a major element also of Frainus ecelsior-sorbus aucuparia-mercurialis perennis woodland (W9). The third most etensive stand is the Alnus glutinosa-frainus ecelsior-lysimachia nemorum woodland (W7), which although not an Anne 1 woodland habitat at this site has some floristic affinities with W9. The Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-oalis acetosella woodland (W11) and the Pinus sylvestris-hylocomium splendens woodland (W18), are further Anne 1 woodland habitats. The other woodland community present is the Betula pubescens-molinia caerulea woodland (W4). The Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-dicranum majus woodland (W17) is largely represented by the typical sub-community (W17b) in which Vaccinium myrtillus and Calluna and occasionally Erica cinerea can be abundant. The Anthoanthum odoratum- Agrostis capillaris sub-community (W17c) is also present at the north of the site. Here, in an area where conifers have been felled it is present as a mosaic with W17b occupying areas in which grasses rather than dwarf shrubs are prominent. At Inverfarigaig the Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-dicranum majus woodland (W17) ehibits unusual features including elements of the largely southern Quercus robur- Pteridium aquilinum-rubus fruticosus woodland (W10). However, the constant abundant and frequently dominant Calluna is inconsistent with this community as Rodwell does not record Calluna in the W10. Species that prominently enrich the W17 at Inverfarigaig include Populus tremula, Cytisus scoparius, Ule europaeus, Rosa canina agg. and Lonicera periclymenum. Occasional specimens of Ulmus glabra, Prunus spinosa and Prunus padus are also atypical. In addition there are a variety of conifers, of which some are obviously recent invaders, but there is for eample a notably large Pinus sylvestris snag near the river Farigaig. The occurrence of the grass Brachypodium sylvaticum (not reported by Rodwell for Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-dicranum majus woodland (W17)) is also unepected. At Inverfarigaig this grass is widespread and particularly abundant on some of the free draining areas on the south-west facing slopes. It sometimes peaks in abundance where the ericoid rich W17 woodland interfaces with the more base rich Frainus ecelsior-sorbus aucuparia-mercurialis perennis woodland (W9). Subsequent to the survey the UK priority species Linnaea borealis was confirmed as still present at a site where it was recorded in December 1990 (Margaret Barron pers.com). The site is an open birch stand in an area mapped as W17b in the present survey. In Scotland this nationally scarce plant is usually associated with pinewood (W18) or heathland habitat close to pinewood. A significant area of W17 is not assigned a sub-community (see Figure 3). This has the ericoid rich character of the community but is mied with felled conifers. Prior to underplanting with conifers it is possible that a proportion of the area classified as W17 mied with fellings may have been closer to W11 than W17. The main felled area is aberrant in that the stocking density is now low with sparse standing 15

22 trees. The woodland is at an early point in a recovery phase with over 50% ground cover consisting of deep brash from the felling of underplanted Sitka spruce and other eotic conifers. How the woodland will evolve across this currently largely open habitat is therefore unclear and may depend on the success of management of potentially problematic regeneration of eotic conifers. (In this regard some unfelled pockets probably represent an issue of management concern. Spruce stands surrounding the site for eample on Spideal an Torra Mhoir, Torr Dhonnachaidh, Torra Challtuinn bordering to the south-west also provide a large source of seed.) The growth of Rubus fruticosus (that within W17 is preferential to the Anthoanthum odoratum-agrostis capillaris sub-community (W17c)) is possibly favoured by the fellings through soil enrichment and protection against browsing. Some stands north of the Farigaig are subject to heavy grazing pressure with in places short cropped dwarf shrubs and some juniper eaten back. On steeper ground sheep paths and bare ground with unstable soil are evident. There is also however some enrichment with Prunus spinosa, Crategus monogyna, Ile aquifolium and Rosa canina agg. where the rugged terrain provides locally somewhat protected niches. The Quercus petraea-betula pubescens-oalis acetosella woodland (W11) is assigned to the Anemone nemorosa sub-community (W11c). The single area of W11 within the Pass of Inverfarigaig is floristically close to the surrounding W17. The areas of W11 on the River Farigaig valley occupies more gentle slopes than the W17, and have reduced dwarf shrubs. Where the Anemone nemorosa sub-community (W11c) is present in a mosaic with W17b and W7c north of the river Farigaig livestock are having a marked impact on the vegetation with much mud poaching, short grass-dominated treeless openings and damage to moderately recent clumps of birch regeneration. The other two woodland communities are situated near the river including on somewhat rockier ground and banks less vulnerable to livestock. Remnants of dwarf shrubs and trees suggest some possible succession from a heathy (W17 type habitat) to a grassier woodland (W11) and grassland (possibly U4) habitat. With current levels of livestock density new tree regeneration appears improbable without intervention to alter current patterns of winter stock use. The Alnus glutinosa-frainus ecelsior-lysimachia nemorum woodland (W7) is assigned to the Deschampsia cespitosa sub-community (W7c). A preferential for this community the grass Deschampsia cespitosa (which is also found in W9) is generally abundant and frequent. Other preferentials for this sub-community present are Potentilla sterilis (also found in W9), Brachypodium sylvaticum (particularly abundant at Inverfarigaig), Stellaria holostea, and Primula vulgaris. The plant Chrysopsplenium oppositifolium reported by Rodwell to be uncommon and replaced by Oalis acetosella in W7c is quite prominent (as it can also be in W9). Dense tangles of Rubus fruticosus are lacking although these have been reported for W7c by Rodwell (1991a), who describes this sub-community for more southern sites in Britain. A feature of the W7c at the north east of the site is a stand containing mature Quercus in an area densely stocked with cattle on a wet slope. The Quercus predominates at the upper edge of this stand, in which Prunus padus and Prunus spinosa are also particularly well represented. Alnus accompanied by Prunus padus follows a minor watercourse at the etreme north east edge of the site that is mapped separately. Where the Deschampsia cespitosa sub-community of the Alnus glutinosa-frainus ecelsior-lysimachia nemorum woodland (W7c) is present in a mosaic with the Frainus ecelsior-sorbus aucuparia-mercurialis perennis woodland (W9) it usually occupies the flatter ground close to watercourses. The Frainus ecelsior-sorbus aucuparia-mercurialis perennis woodland (W9) is assigned to the typical sub-community W9a. Ulmus glabra is prominent in most stands 16

23 (although Frainus takes its place in a stand at the west of the site where there is a mosaic with W7c). Populus tremula that is generally abundant at Inverfarigaig is often present at the edges of stands. On the south bank of the Farigaig this community is present in a few pockets clinging to near vertical banks where it occupies a moister zone directly below W17 with luuriant Vaccinium myrtillus. One small stand at the west of the site is unusual in not being associated with the banks of a river. It is however in a deep and sheltered hollow. The small areas of Pinus sylvestris-hylocomium splendens woodland (W18) on steep ground at the north east of the site is assigned to the Scapania gracilis sub-community (W18e) in which Sphagnum plays a role. This stand includes some mature as well as younger Pinus sylvestris. Owing to the topography, fragments of this habitat at the north west of the site on particularly steep and rocky ground were not surveyed in detail and hence no sub-community is mapped. However, more accessible summit areas with elements of this community nearby appear consistent with the Vaccinium myrtillus-v. vitis-idaea sub-community (W18b). This has Vaccinium spp. prominent. Calluna is dominant in many of the areas with regenerating Scots pine that currently best fit W17b but show affinities to W18b and have the potential to develop more towards pinewood habitat. The Betula pubescens-molinia caerulea woodland (W4) is assigned to the Juncus effusus sub-community in which the rush Juncus effusus is prominent. At one of the two minor stands of this habitat on fairly level perched ground at the southeast of the site there are marked signs of Sika deer activity. This woodland adjoins W17b dominated by Betula and spruce plantation. The Lolium perenne-cynosurus cristatus grassland is assigned to the Anthoanthum odoratum sub-community (MG6b). The moss Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus is preferential, as is the grass Anthoanthum odoratum which is particularly abundant at this site. This grassland is unfenced, adjoins woodland and is grazed by livestock including cattle. Not recorded by Rodwell for this grassland is the moss Cirriphylum piliferum. The presence of this woodland species could be indicative of the grassland s woodland past. The Festuca ovina-agrostis capillaris-galium saatile grassland is assigned to the typical sub-community U4a. This is currently present in an area of felled conifers and in a mosaic with heathland also at the edge of the site. In the felled area it was associated with species of disturbed ground like Digitalis purpurea. Cytisus scoparius, also a species not usually associated with this community, is present at the site where this grassland occurs in a mosaic with heathland and occasional regenerating Pinus sylvestris. Some of the most etensive areas of steep cliffs are to the south and east of Car Eoghainn. While these could not be properly surveyed in the present survey they evidently have a high interest. A record of the nationally scarce Sorbus rupicola is of particular note. Other species present include Ulmus glabra, Quercus hybrid, Crataegus monogyna, Ile aquifolium, Juniperus communis, and frequent Populus tremula. These cliffs also support Rosa canina agg, Hedera heli, and regenerating conifers including Pinus sylvestris. The most etensive heathland is assigned to the Calluna vulgaris sub-community of the Calluna vulgaris-vaccinium myrtillus heath (H12a). Some heath in this community in an area with dense conifer fellings is rather fragmentary and is not assigned to a subcommunity but is probably also best assigned to this sub-community. More limited in etent is the Vaccinium myrtillus-v. vitis-idaea sub-community of the Calluna vulgaris -Arctostaphylos uva-ursi heath (H16b). This heath community in which Arctostaphylos is a constant occupies some of the more eposed and elevated areas such as the fringes of Dun Garbh. On the hilltop east of Inverfarigaig where heathland mosaics with W17b (with some Populus and regenerating Pinus sylvestris), local elements of H12 with Arctostaphylos are unusually associated with particularly rank Calluna. There are no signs of recent burning of the limited areas of heath at Inverfarigaig. 17

24 W17/FTW W7c W9a W11c W17b W4 (0.2%) W11c (4%) W18e (0.2%) W18e (0.1%) W17b (41%) W9a (10%) W7c (9%) H12a (1%) H16b (0.3%) MG6b (1%) W17/FTW (29%) Planted Con (2%) U4/FTW (1%) U20 (0.1%) cliffs (TSS) (2%) Figure 3 Proportion of NVC plant communities at Inverfarigaig SSSI Concluding Remarks Ness Woods SAC, particularly the Glen Tarff and Easter Ness sections, have unusually etensive native woodlands which are to a large etent unbroken and little compromised by features such as roads or past intrusive management operations such as major planting schemes. As well as some nationally rare higher plants, including rock whitebeam Sorbus rupicola, wood fescue Festuca altissima, serrated wintergreen Orthilia secunda and twinflower Linnaea borealis, lichens such as lungwort Lobaria pulmonaria are relatively luuriant for such an eastern site. Aspen is also a prominent component of the woodland especially in the Easter Ness and Inverfarigaig areas. There are two Anne 1 woodland habitats in addition to those detailed in the survey. The priority habitat 'alluvial forest with Alnus glutinosa and Frainus ecelsior' (91EO) is represented by W7 at the three woodlands. This community is most prominent at Inverfarigaig where it occupies 9% of that site, and Glen Tarff where it covers 6% of the site. At Easter Ness 'Caledonian forest' (91CO) is represented by W18. The UK has special responsibility for this priority habitat. These areas of Pinus sylvestris-hylocomium splendens woodland (W18) are not listed on the Caledonian Pinewood Inventory but are nevertheless important pinewood habitats on typical pine sites. Although the history of the Scots pine in the woods above Loch Ness are unknown at present, Steven & Carlisle (1959) record the eistence of remnant native pine of possible ancient origin in the Stratherrick area. Complimenting the interest of the woodland there are intact heathland and blanket bog Anne 1 habitats. 'Northern Atlantic wet heaths with Erica tetrali' (4010) is represented by M15 and is most prominent at Tarff where it covers 10% of that site. 'European dry heaths' (4030) is represented by H10, H12, H16 and H21. These communities occur most prominently at Easter Ness, where together they cover 21% of that site. The UK has special 18

25 responsibility for both these heathland types. 'Blanket bog' (7130) is represented by M19 and M25 at Tarff and Easter Ness. Together these communities account for 6% at Tarff and 3% at Easter Ness. The UK has special responsibility for this priority habitat. Where at Inverfarigaig past conifer plantings have diminished the area of Anne 1 woodland habitat the recent felling operations do open up considerable opportunity with time and appropriate management for successful restoration of such habitat. Also at Inverfarigaig opportunities might eist for etending more elements of native woodland habitat into some surrounding plantations. This would assist in limiting the re-invasion of self-seeding conifers into the SSSI by acting as a buffer area. Grazing pressure and the regeneration of non-native conifers present significant management challenges at Ness Woods SAC. Deer are present at all sites. At Tarff Sika deer were encountered more frequently on the east side of the River Tarff than the west side, and red deer replace Sika deer on the more open ground of the upper Tarff. Sheep also graze the upper Tarff. Much of the woodland in the upper Tarff has a generally moribund nature and thus presumably a declining seed source. There are Woodland Grant Schemes involving deer fenced eclosures on both sides of the River Tarff towards the middle of the site. However, deer are currently inside both of these eclosures. A few sheep were encountered at Easter Ness, where there is also grazing by feral goats. Signs of grazing damage by goats were encountered in areas that were inaccessible to sheep and deer. Grazing and poaching by livestock (in particular cattle during the survey period) is a prominent feature at part of Inverfarigaig, where there is some evidence of grassland possibly having replaced woodland. Deer are present throughout Easter Ness including within the fenced enclosure areas and also at Inverfarigaig. Regeneration of non-native conifers presents a significant management issue at Inverfarigaig. Western Red Cedar, Sitka spruce and Western Hemlock regeneration were all encountered fairly frequently in some areas of this site. There is an etensive area of felled conifers susceptible to regeneration and there appears to be an ample seed source of nonnative conifers in the adjacent areas. Access is difficult over much of this area owing to large quantities of brash, with implications for monitoring and treatment. In places along the shore of Loch Ness at Easter Ness signs of fires were noticed, for which live and dead wood had apparently been gathered on site. The very recent planting of a decorative non-native variety of birch was also noted on a slope accessible to the shore of Loch Ness. An educational initiative targeting boat users could help address these issues. There are several surveys that were beyond the scope of the present work that would provide valuable further information on the SAC site. For eample: The age profile of the woodlands and a detailed site condition monitoring survey would assist in identifying priority areas for management and a better understanding of the future prospects of the woodland. There may be interesting species of lower plants such as bryophytes and lichens which would merit more detailed survey. Aspen, for eample, is present within all the woodlands and investigation on associated species, including epiphytic bryophytes, fungi and invertebrates could provide distributional information as well as revealing the presence of rarities. Some species of mollusc are considered to be ancient woodland indicators. The mollusc fauna is potentially rich by Highland standards, and survey could reveal interesting 19

26 species. This may be especially so in the more base rich areas of ancient and long established woodland on the Tarff. 20

27 References Averis, A. B. G A survey of bryophytes in 448 woods in the Scottish Highlands. Nature Conservancy Council. Edinburgh. Hill, M. O., Preston, C.D. & Smith, A.J.E. (editors) 1991 Atlas of the Bryophytes of Britain and Ireland Vol 1, Liverworts (Hepaticae and Anthocerotae) Harley Books. Hill, M.O., Preston, C.D. & Smith, A.J.E. (editors) 1994 Atlas of the Bryophytes of Britain and Ireland Vols 2 & 3 Mosses. Harley Books Hodgetts, N Glendoe Hydro-electric scheme. Environmental Statement Vol 2 Part 3 Terrestrial Ecology- Bryophytes. Scottish & Southern Energy, Perth. Meteorological Office 1977 Average annual rainfall Northern Britain. Meteorological Office, Edinburgh. Rodwell, J. S. (ed.) 1991a British Plant Communities Woodlands and Scrub Volume 1. CUP. Rodwell, J. S. (ed.) 1991b British Plant Communities Mires and heaths Volume 2. CUP. Rodwell, J. S. (ed.) 1992 British Plant Communities Grasslands and montane communities. Volume 3. CUP. Scottish Natural Heritage (unpublished, various dates) file references SIT/SSSI/591/ASS, SIT/SSSI/813/ASS, SIT/SSSI/591/INF, SIT/SSSI/725/ASS. Dingwall office. Stace, C New Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press. Steven, H.M. & Carlisle, A The Native Pinewoods of Scotland. Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh. 21

28

29 EASTER NESS SPECIES LIST Non-woodland communities H10 H12 H16 H21 M15 M19 M25 CG10 U20 Agrostis capillaris Agrostis stolonifera Antennaria dioica Anthoanthum odoratum Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Blechnum spicant Breutelia chrysocoma Calluna vulgaris Care binervis Care demissa Care echinata Care panicea Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscula Cladonia floerkeana Cladonia portentosa Cladonia pyidata Cladonia uncialis Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans Drepanocladus uncinatus Empetrum nigrum Erica cinerea Erica tetrali Eriophorum vaginatum Eurynchium praelongum Festuca ovina Frullania tamarisci Galium saatile Galium verum Genista anglica Holcus mollis Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Hypogymnia physodes Juncus conglomeratus Juncus effusus Juncus squarrosus Linum catharticum Lophocolea bidentata Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa Molinia caerulea Myrica gale Narthecium ossifragum Oalis acetosella

30 EASTER NESS SPECIES LIST Non-woodland communities H10 H12 H16 H21 M15 M19 M25 CG10 U20 Parmelia saatilis Pinguicula vulgaris Plagiochila asplenioides Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi Polygala seryllifolia Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Racomitrium lanuginosum Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Senecio jacobaea Sorbus aucuparia seedling Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium Succisa pratensis Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum Thymus praeco Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Viola palustris Viola riviniana

31 EASTER NESS SPECIES LIST Woodland communities W4 W7 W11 W17 W18 Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Anthoanthum odoratum Betula pendula Betula pubescens Blechnum spicant Blepharostoma trichophyllum Brachypodium sylvaticum Breutelia chrysocoma Calluna vulgaris Care echinata Care pulicaris Care remota Cerastium fontanum Cirsium palustre Cladonia chlorophaea Cladonia portentosa Cladonia squamosa Corylus avellana Crepis paludosa Ctenidium molluscum Cytisus scoparius Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans Dryopteris dilatata Dryopteris fili-mas Epilobium brunnescens Erica cinerea Erica tetrali Eriophorum vaginatum Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca ovina Frainus ecelsior Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile Gymnocarpium dryopteris Hedera heli Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non scripta Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Hypogymnia physodes

32 EASTER NESS SPECIES LIST Woodland communities W4 W7 W11 W17 W18 Ile aquifolium Isothecium myosuroides Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus Juniperus communis Lepidozia reptans Lobaria pulmonaria Lophocolea bidentata Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea Mylia taylori Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Peltigera canina Plagiochila asplenioides Plagiochila spinulosa Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Pleurozium schreberi Polygala serpyllifolia Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Quercus hybrid Quercus petraea Quercus robur Racomitrium lanuginosum Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Rosa canina Sali caprea Scapania gracilis Senecio jacobaea Sorbus aucuparia Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum recurvum

33 EASTER NESS SPECIES LIST Woodland communities W4 W7 W11 W17 W18 Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium Stellaria holostea Taus baccata Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Viola palustris Viola riviniana

34 EASTER NESS TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes Feral Goat Capra hircus 4 including presumed yearling and billy M11 elements With Saifraga aizoides in stoney flush U Aspen Populus tremula Aspen Populus tremula On crag Aspen Populus tremula Oak hybrid and Lungwort Quercus petraea robur Oak with abundant lungwort and hepatics growing on it Scots pine regeneration Pinus sylvestris On crags Scots pine Pinus sylvestris Scots pine and oak Pinus sylvestris and Quercus sp Scots pine Pinus sylvestris Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula Scots pine Pinus sylvestris CG CG CG10 With Linum catharticum Fragaria vesca Care flava Care panicea CG Wintergreen Pyrola sp?media At least 11 plants no flower heads Aspen Scots pine Populus tremula Pinus sylvestris Minor gorge Aspen Scots pine Populus tremula Pinus sylvestris Gorge Oak fern Gymnocarpium dryopteris Scots pine regeneration Pinus sylvestris Regeneration on cliffs W18d With Ptilium crista-castrensis W18d W18d Several Scots pine including large procumbent tree. Maidenhair spleenwort Black spleenwort Asplenium trichomanes Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Serrated wintergreen Orthilia secunda With Ptilium crista-castrensis Serrated wintergreen Orthilia secunda

35 EASTER NESS TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes Serrated wintergreen Orthilia secunda Serrated wintergreen Orthilia secunda Serrated wintergreen Orthilia secunda Serrated wintergreen Orthilia secunda Ptilium crista castrensis Ptilium crista castrensis Lungwort Lobaria pulmonaria On Sorbus aucuparia Aspen Populus tremula Large standing and decumbent trees and suckers Bullfinches Pyrrhula pyrrhula Ancient Yew Taus baccata Canopy circumference 98m canopy diameter 30m Flush Sanicle Woodruff Hard shield fern Scolopa rusticola Quercus petraea Woodcock Hybrid oak robur Oak Quercus sp By yew tree with Care pulicaris Care flava Cirsium palustre Filipendula ulmaria Sanicula europaea Galium odoratum Polystichum aculeatum By burn with Frainus ecelsior saplings and Pinus sylvestris nearby Lobaria pulmonaria Ptilium cristacastrensis Lungwort Lobaria on Sorbus aucuparia Scots pine Pinus sylvestris Scattered immature Pinus sylvestris in H21 and on outcrops Lungwort on Aspen Lobaria pulmonaria Populus tremula Ivy Hedera heli Hedera heli on Betula Whitebeam Sorbus rupicola Several specimens on cliffs/ledges overlooking Loch Ness CG10a Close cropped Wych elm Ulmus glabra By waterfall Juniper Juniperus communis Slender false-brome Brachypodium sylvaticum Slender false-brome Brachypodium sylvaticum Slender false-brome Brachypodium sylvaticum Ash Greater wood-rush Frainus ecelsior Luzula sylvatica Ptilium crista-castrensis Near waterfall Enriched flush With Breutelia chrysocoma Campylium stellatum Ctenidium molluscum Diplophylum albicans Tritomaria quinquedentata Care panicea

36 EASTER NESS TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes Elements of W7 at burn with Deschampsia cespitosa Frainus Stoney flush ecelsior CG10 elements Beside burn On north facing fairly steep banks at edge of W17 and H12 with H21a Plagiochila asplenioides H21a elements On bank in sparsely wooded W17 Great spotted woodpecker Dendrocopos major Cliff in W Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula Ash Frainus ecelsior Occasional Frainus ecelsior in vicinity and in hollow at this GR Pedunculate oak Quercus robur Oak fern Gymnocarpium dryopteris U20 In small opening Bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta Pedunculate oak and ash Quercus robur and Frainus ecelsior Close cropped with Linum catharticum Plantago lanceolata Ctenidium CG10 elements molluscum Care panicea. Ash and hazel nearby Woodcock Scolopa rusticola W11 and U20 Prominent Betula pendula in W Barren strawberry Potentilla sterilis H21a elements On bank Aspen Populus tremula On crag Aspen Populus tremula With Pinus sylvestris Quercus Sali Sorbus aucuparia nearby Crags with greater woodrush and H21a Luzula sylvatica Some rocks festooned with bryophytes and rich in Vaccinium myrtillus W4 elements With Juncus effusus and Cirsium palustre Aspen Scots pine Juniper Populus tremula Pinus sylvestris Juniperus communis Ptilium cristacastrensis On crag CG10 elements by burn

37 EASTER NESS TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes Deer wallow Near area of CG Deer wallow By burn Juniper Aspen Maidenhair spleenwort Juniperus communis Populus tremula Asplenium trichomanes On cliff M17 elements With Sphagnum papillosum and Eriophorum vaginatum With Care panicea Care echinata Care demissa Juncus articulatus Flush and W7 elements Ctenidium molluscum Hazel Corylus avellana Prominent here W7 elements In soakway with Corylus avellana H21a On bank M11 elements Very small area H21a Ptilium crista-castrensis Large twig nest In Birch possible raptor H21a On slope M19 and pool H Ptilium crista-castrensis In W Woodcock Scolopa rusticola M11 flush W4 elements W4b H21a Aspen Populus tremula With Ile aquifolium and Ptilium crista-castrensis H10 elements Rich in Cladonias W7 elements with Alder Alnus glutinosa At burn Oak hybrid Quercus petraea robur W11 Small areas of W11 where ground more level with Corylus avellana H21a On bank with Sorbus aucuparia regeneration nearby W11 With Corylus avellana

38 EASTER NESS TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes Ile aquifolium Frainus ecelsior sali Holly Ash Goat willow caprea Hybrid Oak Quercus petraea robur Grown over rockfall with Corylus avellana Betula pendula and Betula W11 pubescens W W11 In slight hollow W17d W11 at edge of U20 with Frainus ecelsior and scattered Corylus U20 and W11 avellana in vicinity M15c Prominent Cladonias H16 elements On crag Dog-rose Rosa canina At edge of U U Woodcock Scolopa rusticola W17a elements Scree slope and rock W4 elements W Scree slope W4 elements W4 elements Within M25 with Myrica gale Ptilium crista-castrensis Within W U20 and U4 elements At edge of W H16c Small patches on outcrops and rocky shelves W4b W17a Poorly developed W17a at small rockfall U20 Within W11 with prominent Corylus avellana W17d Within W17b W4 and H21 W4 a single line of trees at bog edge with H21 adjacent Aspen Populus tremula On cliffs several aspen over fairly etensive area Aspen Populus tremula On cliffs several aspen over fairly etensive area Aspen Populus tremula On cliffs several aspen over fairly etensive area Aspen Populus tremula Several trees of different ages on steep ground

39 EASTER NESS TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes Aspen Populus tremula On crags Aspen Populus tremula Single tree W17a Boulder field scree and rocks with fallen dead birches W7 Abundant Juncus effusus Holly regeneration and hazel Ile aquifolium and Corylus avellana Browsed Ile aquifolium regeneration and abundant Corylus avellana Possible badger sett Woodcock Scolopa rusticola Woodcock Scolopa rusticola Different individual to that seen at Slender false-brome Brachypodium sylvaticum A few plants Sessile oak Quercus petraea 1 mature tree and 1 sapling 2m tall and heavily browsed Broom regeneration and Aspen Cytisus scoparius and Populus tremula On steep slope with W17 and aspen etensive near river Ile aquifolium Frainus ecelsior and Holly Ash Hazel Corylus avellana Ivy Hedera heli On crags Aspen Populus tremula Mature tree Otter Lutra lutra Fresh spraint on rock in river W4b W4 Small patch at edge of W17 and H21 with Care panicea and C W4b echinata Ptilium crista-castrensis M19 In hollow H16c On outcrop with Antennaria dioica W4b At edge of M W4b At edge of M M25a Associated with M M25a Associated with M W4b M11 elements Flush with Care demissa Care panicea Juncus articulatus in W Woodcock Scolopa rusticola M19 Within W4

40 EASTER NESS TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes H12a On ridge Holly regeneration Ile aquifolium Regeneration browsed at edge of W4 with Sali aurita Stagshorn Clubmoss and holly Lycopodium clavatum and Ile aquifolium Holly regeneration Ile aquifolium 1 holly seedling W4 Small patch at edge of W M25a Aspen Sessile oak Populus tremula Quercus petraea Scree With Geranium robertianum and Polypodium vulgare Dog-rose Rosa canina On crag

41 INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA SPECIES LISTS Non-woodland communities H12 H16 MG6 U4 Agrostis capillaris Agrostis stolonifera Anthoanthum odoratum Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Blechnum spicant Brachythecium rutabulum Calliergon cuspidatum Calluna vulgaris Cerastium fontanum Cetraria islandica Cirriphyllum piliferum Cladonia arbuscula Cladonia diversa Cladonia portentosa Cladonia pyidata Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Cynosurus cristatus Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea Epilobium brunnescens Erica cinerea Eurynchium praelongum Festuca ovina Galium saatile Geum rivale Holcus lanatus Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme Hypogymnia physodes Juncus effusus Lolium perenne Lophocolea bidentata Plagiomnium affine Pleurozium schreberi Poa pratensis Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ranunculus repens Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rume acetosa Senecio vulgaris Trifolium repens Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea

42 INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA SPECIES LISTS Non-woodland communities H12 H16 MG6 U4 Veronica chamaedrys Viola riviniana

43 INVERFARIGAIG SPECIES LISTS Woodland communities W4 W7 W9 W11 W17 W18 Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga repens Alnus glutinosa Anthoanthum odoratum Arrhenatherum elatius Asplenium trichomanes Athyrium fili-femina Athyrium fili-mas Atrichum undulatum Betula pendula Betula pubescens Blechnum spicant Brachythecium rutabulum Brachypodium sylvaticum Bromopsis ramosa (=Bromus ramosus Zerna ramosa) Calluna vulgaris Caltha palustris Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Cirsium palustre Corylus avellana Crataegus monogyna Cytisus scoparius Dactylis glomerata Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea Dryopteris dilatata Epilobium montanum Erica cinerea Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Filipendula ulmaria Fragaria vesca Frainus ecelsior Frullania tamarisci Galium odoratum Galium palustre Galium saatile Galium uliginosum Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Geum urbanum Hedera heli Holcus lanatus

44 INVERFARIGAIG SPECIES LISTS Woodland communities W4 W7 W9 W11 W17 W18 Holcus mollis Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Ile aquifolium Juncus effusus Juniperus communis Lari europea Lathyrus montanus Lobaria pulmonaria Lophocolea bidentata Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum Mercurialis perennis Molinia caerulea Myosotis secunda Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Pellia epiphylla Peltigera canina Picea abies Picea sitchensis Pinus sylvestris Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Pleurozium schreberi Polygala serpyllifolia Polypodium vulgare Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris Prunus padus Prunus spinosa Pseudoscleroporium purum Pseudotsuga menziesii Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Quercus hybrid Quercus petraea Ranunculus repens Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Rubus fruticosus

45 INVERFARIGAIG SPECIES LISTS Woodland communities W4 W7 W9 W11 W17 W18 Sambucus nigra Sanicula europaea Scrophularia nodosa Senecio jacobaea Sorbus aucuparia Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum Thuja plicata Trichophorum cespitosum Tsuga heterophylla Ule europaeus Ulmus glabra Urtica dioica Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Vicia sepium Viola palustre Viola riviniana

46 INVERFARIGAIG TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes Gorse Ule europaeus Locally dense Gorse Ule europaeus Burnt area Badger signs Meles meles Foraging signs in area of grass Badger sett Badger sett Badger sett? Single entrance use unclear Badger sett? Not in use Otter spraint Among boulders looks a likely area for lie ups/holts Aspen Populus tremula With Juniper and Pinus sylvestris Aspen Populus tremula Mature trees and regeneration Aspen Populus tremula Aspen Populus tremula Aspen Populus tremula Aspen Populus tremula Some accessible trees damaged by deer Aspen Holly Populus tremula Ile aquifolium Browsed down natural regeneration With Pinus sylvestris Sorbus aucuparia Betula and regenerating Picea sitchensis nearby Aspen Populus tremula Aspen Populus tremula With Juniperus Hedera heli and Crataegus monogyna on ledge Aspen Populus tremula With Pinus sylvestris nearby Aspen Populus tremula Fairly etensive area with Aspen continuous with Aspen Populus tremula Aspen Populus tremula With Crataegus monogyna nearby Aspen Populus tremula With Crataegus monogyna nearby Aspen Populus tremula With Crataegus monogyna nearby Aspen Populus tremula With Crataegus monogyna nearby Dog rose Rosa canina Dog rose Rosa canina With Ile aquifolium nearby Dog rose Rosa canina With Cytisus scoparius

47 INVERFARIGAIG TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes Dog rose Ivy Rosa canina Hedera heli With rocky outcrops nearby with Corylus and occasional Pinus sylvestris Dog rose Ivy Rosa canina Hedera heli And a lone small Quercus on cliff ledge Rock Whitebeam Sorbus rupicola On cliff. Location very approimate Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna With Lobaria pulmonaria and other epiphytes Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna With Lobaria pulmonaria and other epiphytes and prominent Corylus Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna With Brachypodium sylvaticum and abundant Calluna Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Elder Sambucus nigra Nearby Blackthorn Prunus spinosa Blackthorn Prunus spinosa Within scree Blackthorn Prunus spinosa With Prunus padus Rosa canina le aquifolium and young Frainus ecelsior on rock Large Pinus sylvestris snag with Quercus nearby and prominent Vaccinium myrtillus Scots pine snag Pinus sylvestris Scots pine Pinus sylvestris With Pseudotsuga menziesii regeneration Scots pine Pinus sylvestris With Luzula sylvatica and eotic conifer regeneration Scots pine Western hemlock Pinus sylvestris Tsuga heterophylla Tsuga regeneration Ulmus with Hedera heli and Luzula sylvatica on cliff. Location very approimate Wych elm Ulmus glabra Wych elm Ulmus glabra Wych elm Ulmus glabra Poor GPS coverage Juniper Juniperus communis Heavily browsed Juniper Juniperus communis Heavily browsed Juniper Juniperus communis Juniper Juniperus communis With Ile aquifolium Cytisus scoparius and Hedera heli nearby Juniper Juniperus communis Juniper Juniperus communis Heavily browsed Juniper Heavily browsed Juniper with Calluna Brachypodium sylvaticum and Betula

48 INVERFARIGAIG TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes Juniper Juniperus communis With Pinus sylvestris Rosa canina Hedera heli Juniper Juniperus communis Ule europaeus Pinus sylvestris Gorse Scots pine H16 elements Arctostaphylos uva-ursi With Cytisus scoparius and Pinus sylvestris on rocky outcrop H16 elements Arctostaphylos uva-ursi On rocky outcrop H10 elements Small opening with prominent Erica cinerea H10c Dog rose Rosa canina Dog rose Rosa canina Bramble Rubus fruticosus Browsed down Broom Cytisus scoparius With Hedera heli on Betula Long-tailed tit Aegithalos caudatus With Great tit Parus major With Linum catharticum Plantago lanceolata Thymus praeco Hypericum pulchrum Holly and eotic conifers Ile aquifolium Scattered regeneration of eotic conifers Felled eotic conifers Mature eotics felled to waste some years ago Eotic regeneration Regeneration of eotic conifers including Thuja plicata Wood fescue Festuca altissima Hairy or Wood Brome Bromopsis ramosa (=Bromus ramosus Zerna ramosa) Young Oak Quercus sp One young Quercus H21 elements Deep Calluna with Sphagnum capillifolium Outwith site Aspen Populus tremula Growing among boulders. Outwith survey area but looks like a good area to include within conservation management if possible Outwith site W7 Veteran Alnus glutinosa Prunus padus Corylus avellana Betula sp being smothered by eotic conifers. Outwith survey area but looks like a good area to include within conservation management if possible

49 TARFF SPECIES LIST Non-woodland communities Grasslands CG10 U4 U5 U6 U19 U20 Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga reptans Anthoanthum odoratum Atrichum undulatum Bellis perennis Blechnum spicant Breutelia chrysocoma Calluna vulgaris Care binervis Care demissa Care echinata Care panicea Cerastium fontanum Cirsium palustre Cladonia uncialis Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Deschamsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Digitalis purpurea Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Empetrum nigrum Erica tetrali Eriophorum angustifolium Eriophorum vaginatum Euphrasia officinalis Eurhynchium praelongum Festuca ovina Festuca rubra Festuca vivipara Frullania tamarisci Galium saatile Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non-scripta Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus Juncus squarrosus Leontodon autumnalis Linum catharticum Lophocolea bidentata Lysimachia nemorum Luzula multiflora Molinia caerulea

50 TARFF SPECIES LIST Non-woodland communities Grasslands CG10 U4 U5 U6 U19 U20 Nardus stricta Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Parnassia palustris Pedicularis sylvatica Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi Polygala serpyllifolia Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleropodium purum Pteridium aquilinum Racomitrium lanuginosum Rhinanthus minor Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Sali aurita seedling Saifraga aizoides Selaginella selaginoides Sphagnum palustre Succisa pratensis Teucrium scorodonia Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens Thymus praeco Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Viola palustris Viola riviniana

51 TARFF SPECIES LISTS Non-woodland communities Heaths and Mires H10 H12 H21 M6 M11 M15 M19 M25 Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Ajuga reptans Anthoanthum odoratum Aulacomnium palustre Blechnum spicant Breutelia chrysocoma Calluna vulgaris Calypogeia fissa Care binervis Care demissa Care echinata Care nigra Care panicea Cladonia arbuscula Cladonia portentosa Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum scoparium Drosera rotundifolia Eleocharis quinqueflora Empetrum nigrum Erica tetrali Eriophorum angustifolium Eriophorum vaginatum Euphrasia officinalis Festuca vivipara Filipendula ulmaria Galium saatile Holcus lanatus Hylocomium splendens Juncus acutiflorus Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus Juncus squarrosus Linum catharticum Lysimachia nemorum Molinia caerulea Nardus stricta Narthecium ossifragum Parnassia palustris Pedicularis sylvatica Pinguicula vulgaris Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi Polygala serpyllifolia Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum

52 TARFF SPECIES LISTS Non-woodland communities Heaths and Mires H10 H12 H21 M6 M11 M15 M19 M25 Potentilla erecta Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleropodium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Racomitrium lanuginosum Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Saifraga aizoides Selaginella selaginoides Sphagnum auriculatum Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum cuspidatum Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum tenellum Succisa pratensis Teucrium scorodonia Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens Triglochin palustre Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Viola riviniana

53 TARFF SPECIES LIST Woodland communities W4 W7 W9 W11 W17 Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga repens Alnus glutinosa Angelica sylvestris Anthoanthum odoratum Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Asplenium trichomanes Bazzania trilobata Betula pendula Betula pubescens Betula hybrids Betula seedling Blechnum spicant Brachythecium rutabulum Brachypodium sylvaticum Breutelia chrysocoma Calluna vulgaris Campylium stellatum Cardamine fleuosa Care binervis Care demissa Care echinata Care remota Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Cirsium palustre Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Corylus avellana Crataegus monogyna Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Dactylis glomerata Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum scoparium Dicranum majus Digitalis purpurea Dryopteris affinis Dryopteris dilatata Dryopteris fili-mas Epilobium brunnescens Equisetum sylvaticum Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Festuca ovina Festuca rubra Festuca vivipara Filipendula ulmaria

54 TARFF SPECIES LIST Woodland communities W4 W7 W9 W11 W17 Fissidens taifolius Fragaria vesca Frainus ecelsior Frullania tamarisci Galium odoratum Galium palustre Galium saatile Galium uliginosum Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Hedera heli Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non-scripta Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypogymnia physodes Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Ile aquifolium Isothecium myosuroides Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus Juniperus communis Lari europea Lobaria pulmonaria Lonicera periclymenum Lophocolea bidentata Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum Mercurialis perennis Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea Nardus stricta Narthecium ossifragum Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Parmelia saatilis Peltigera sp Plantago lanceolata Plagiochila asplenioides Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Pleurozium schreberi Polypodium vulgare Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Populus tremula Potentilla erecta

55 TARFF SPECIES LIST Woodland communities W4 W7 W9 W11 W17 Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Prunus padus Pseudomnium undulatum Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Quercus hybrids Quercus petraea Quercus robur Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Rosa canina Rubus fruticosus Sali aurita Sali caprea Sanicula europaea Scrophularia nodosa Selaginella selaginoides Sorbus aucuparia Sorbus aucuparia seedling Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum recurvum Stachys sylvatica Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum Thymus praeco Trifolium repens Ule europaeus Ulmus glabra Vaccinium myrtillus Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Viola palustris Viola riviniana

56 TARFF TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes Beech and Larch sp Scattered trees below this point Ptilium crista-castrensis In an opening with plentiful Molinia caerulea W9 Small area of W9 on steep slope with Ulmus glabra Fagus sylvatica and Lari sp Scattered trees below this point Beech and Larch Beech Fagus sylvatica Several trees with Polypodium vulgare Beech Fagus sylvatica Several trees Planted conifers A few planted conifers including Lari sp Goat willow Sali caprea Wych elm Ulmus glabra Alpine lady's-mantle Alchemilla alpina By River Tarff with Epilobium brunnescens Flushed wet area With Centaurea nigra Care echinata Achillea ptarmica Juncus articulatus Bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta Meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria Where wet an element of W Common figwort Scrophularia nodosa W9 elements With Mercurialis perennis Stachys sylvatica Geum rivale Potentilla sterilis With Potentilla sterilis at several locations in vicinity and abundant Corylus W9 elements avellana Holly Ile aquifolium In W Hazel Corylus avellana Corylus locally dominant Great Spotted Woodpe Dendrocopus major Remote sedge Care remota Remote sedge Care remota Oak Quercus Oak regeneration relatively prolific Wood Fescue Festuca altissima Wood Fescue Festuca altissima Wood Fescue Festuca altissima Wood Fescue Festuca altissima Wood Fescue Festuca altissima U20 elements

57 TARFF TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes Lemon-scented fern Oreopteris limbosperma Oreopteris locally abundant and Lobaria pulmonaria on fallen wood Buzzard Buteo buteo Long-tailed tits Aegithalos caudatus At least 4 birds W11 Thin strip of W11 between W7 and W W11 W11 between site edge and W W17 On crags above river H10a Sphagnum quinquefariusphagnum quinquefarium Juniper Juniperus communis Being damaged through dumping Brown Hare Lepus europaeus Woodcock Scolopa Remote sedge in W7c Care remota By burn Large stick nest? Buteo buteo Possible buzzard nest Lungwort Lobaria pulmona ria Particularly abundant in vicinity mostly on Quercus Twig nest?corvus corone Possible hooded crow nest Juniper Juniperus communis At demolished bridge U4a To river Bird cherry Prunus padus Bird cherry Prunus padus U W4 elements H10 On rocky knoll H10 On rocky knoll Aspen Populus tremula Holly Ile aquifolium Holly Ile aquifolium Sanicle Sanicula europaea Wych elm Ulmus glabra Wych elm Ulmus glabra With frequent Potentilla sterilis and Thymus praeco Aspen Populus tremula Wych elm Sanicle Ulmus glabra Sanicula europaea

58 TARFF TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes Dog rose Rosa canina With Sanicula europaea Saifraga aizoides Polystichum aculeatum Galium Flushed cliff odoratum Hypericum pulchrum With Sanicula europaea Angelica sylvestris Geranium robertianum Dryopteris Rock face affinis Lysimachia nemmorum Hypericum pulchrum W17 elements Hedera heli Ptilium crista-castrensis Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna with luuriant epiphytic lichens Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna On steep rock and ledge with Luzula sylvatica Angelica sylvestris Mercurialis perennis Oak fern Gymnocarpium dryopteris Oak fern Gymnocarpium dryopteris Wood fescue Festuca altissima Wych elm Ulmus glabra Wych elm Ulmus glabra W7 elements Small area associated with burn with Alnus glutinosa Filipendula ulmaria W7 elements Small area associated with burn with Alnus glutinosa Filipendula ulmaria With Sanicula europaea Saifraga aizoides Selaginella selaginoides Fragaria vesca Flush by track Poor GPS coverage Wood millet Milium effusum Sanicle Sanicula europaea Enriched wet area With Cirsium heterophyllum Parnassia palustris Cynosurus cristatus Enriched wet area Similar to larger wet area at Rock face with base rich flushing With Asplenium viride Saifraga aizoides Selaginella selaginoides Yellow mountain-saifrasaifraga aizoides With Care panicea Enriched wet area With Cirsium heterophyllum Parnassia palustris Cynosurus cristatus Enriched wet area Similar to larger wet area at Ptilium crista-castrensis Ptilium crista-castrensis Ptilium crista-castrensis In W17 associated with crags Ptilium crista-castrensis

59 TARFF TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes Ptilium crista-castrensis U U19 One of several U19 openings with Oreopteris limbosperma U17 elements Angelica sylvestris Luzula sylvatica on rock ledge H10 on outcrops Small patches of H on rocky outcrops Sanicle Sanicula europaea Within W9 Massive prostrate elm with Lobaria pulmonaria Hedera heli Asplenium trichomanes Polypodium vulgare Geranium robertianum Wych elm Ulmus glabra Abundant evidence of deer Poaching and browsing particularly evident in vicinity Long-tailed tits Aegithalos caudatus Wych Elm Ulmus glabra Isolated with Crataegus nearby Holly Ile aquifolium With elements of W9 on area partially too steep to survey Holly Ile aquifolium Wych elm Ulmus glabra With Crataegus monogyna and Lobaria pulmonaria Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna With Linum catharticum Hazel Corylus avellana Eceptionally large individual with single-stem tree-like growth form Ivy Hedera heli Gully With Mercurialis perennis Frainus ecelsior Ulmus glabra Corylus avellana H10 Strip of H10 etending to woodland edge Wood Fescue Festuca altissima With Dog's mercury With Hedera heli Mercurialis perennis Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Asplenium trichomanes Rosa canina Frainus ecelsior Ulmus glabra (1) Wood Fescue Festuca altissima W7 elements Alnus glutinosa (appro 3 trees) following burn W7 or W9 elements Filipendula ulmaria Potentilla sterilis Sali sp Aspen Populus tremula Appro 15 youngish trees Holly Ile aquifolium Up hill from badger sett Crested dog's-tail Cynosurus cristatus In woodland Bats 3 large bats flying on at Badger sett Meles meles More than 4 entrances signs of use not very fresh Woodcock Scolopa rusticola Bare ground Areas of bare ground associated with high grazing and trampling pressure

60 TARFF TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula U20 Small area of U20 at site edge outwith woodland Drosera and Selaginella Sundew and lesser club selaginoides Juniper Juniperus communis At woodland edge Honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum Ptilium crista-castrensis In H Ptilium crista-castrensis In H Stag's-horn clubmoss Lycopodium clavatum Aspen Populus tremula 1 mature, several younger Aspen Populus tremula Below here in W Bird cherry Prunus padus In fragmented W7 with depleted trees M Burnt M19 and H M11 Saifraga aizoides in stoney runnel and elements U M11 Saifraga aizoides in flush M11 Saifraga aizoides Flush Flush With Scorpidium scorpioides, Care demissa, C. echinata, C. panicea Flush, CG10 Flush with CG10 beside (Also a large, fallen alder) With Selaginella selaginoides, Drosera rotundifolia, C demissa, C panicea, Linum catharticum Flush U20 With well trodden paths M11 Stoney, with Saifraga aizoides U Great wood-rush Luzula sylvatica With lush Vaccinium myrtillus U20 patches Saifraga aizoides, Pinguicula vulgaris, Selaginella selaginoides, Care W11 pulicaris Saifraga aizoides, Pinguicula vulgaris, Selaginella selaginoides, Care W11 pulicaris

61 TARFF TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes Saifraga aizoides, Pinguicula vulgaris, Selaginella selaginoides, Care W11 pulicaris W11 elements W7 elements Beside W4b U4a M M6 Runnels of M6 in openings with Drosera rotundifolia M25a elements Ivy Hedera heli On Betula Ivy Hedera heli On Betula CG10a With grazed Rosa canina nearby CG10a CG10a Also scattered Betula pubescens Frainus ecelsior Ash Yellow mountain s Saifraga aizoides Flushed Ash Frainus ecelsior Molinia Sphagnum palustre Breutelia chrysocoma Bird cherry Prunus padus Bird cherry Prunus padus In W Stag's-horn clubmoss Lycopodium clavatum Also a little well eaten down Vaccinium myrtillus Stag's-horn clubmoss Lycopodium clavatum With Calluna M11 With Saifraga aizoides U4a Floristically close to U U Great wood-rush Luzula sylvatica Also lush V. myrtillus Wych elm Ulmus glabra In W7 elements W7c W11a M11 elements Care pulicaris Selaginella Parnassia palustris Drosera rotundifolia M11 elements Saifraga aizoides Linum catharticum Juncus articulatus

62 TARFF TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes M11b M11b With Drosera rotundifolia M11b With Parnassia palustris Saifraga aizoides Selaginella selaginoides Ctenidium molluscum Grass of Parnassus Parnassia palustris Yellow mountain-saifrasaifraga aizoides Yellow mountain-saifrasaifraga aizoides M6 elements Local elements with Care echinata and Sphagnum tenellum W7 elements With Alnus glutinosa Alder Alnus glutinosa M25 elements Molinia caerulea not abundant M15b Patches of M15 at edge of site U20 In grassy openings with Calluna Wych elm Ulmus glabra Wych elm Ulmus glabra Wych elm Ulmus glabra Wych elm Ulmus glabra W17 Above path Crag with W17 and below it rocks and trees with cushions of bryophytes including Isothecium myosuroides W17 and W17a elements Bird cherry Prunus padus Among rocks with Corylus avellana Eared willow regenerat Sali aureta Regeneration on bank near path Bird cherry Prunus padus With Alnus glutinosa Sali caprea Juncus effusus W7 elements With fallen Sali caprea Alnus glutinosa Juncus effusus Bird cherry Prunus padus With W7 elements M11 With Saifraga aizoides Care panicea Juncus articulatus M15b Tiny patch on rocky shelf U20/U4 In openings on drier raised ground in vicinity of grid reference U W17 On stumps and rocks U Wych elm Ulmus glabra

63 TARFF TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes Wych elm Ulmus glabra Dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis Dog's mercury Oak fern Mercurialis perennis Gymnocarpium dryopteris Urtica dioica U19 On shady bank down to river with Ile aquifolium nearby U U U W17 On outcrop W W17 On edge of river cliff Wych elm Ulmus glabra Two mature trees Wych elm Ulmus glabra Lone elm tree Juniper Juniperus communis W4 elements With Alnus glutinosa Bird cherry Prunus padus Bird cherry Prunus padus With Crataegus monogyna nearby Sanicle Sanicula europaea Rocky wet flush Sanicle Sanicula europaea Purple saifrage yellow M W W U5 Saifraga oppositifolia S aizoides Alchemilla alpina Rosa canina agg Polystichum aculeatum Filipendula ulmaria Elements of U15 on bare wet rocks some etending to by small waterfall Great wood-rush Luzula sylvatica On bank by waterfall Crow nest H21 elements Shallow bank

64 TARFF TARGET NOTES UID Easting Northing Common name Latin name Notes U6 Very small area of U U6 Very small area of U U6 Very small area of U M11 elements Soakway Peat erosion Channel erosion to 1m eposed bog tree probably Scots pine Fir clubmoss Huperzia selago In W Ptilium crista-castrensis M11 With Saifraga aizoides on steep slope M11 With Saifraga aizoides on steep slope M11 elements Stoney soakway with Care panicea Birch Betula sp lone moribund tree Sphagnum papillosum Ptilium crista-castrensis Aspen Populus tremula Deer wallow H21 elements Calluna sparse due to grazing Peat erosion Peat hags channel erosion to 0.7m deep M2 dead tree stump Peat erosion Channel erosion over 1m deep to mineral soil U6a M11 elements M15a In soakways H21 elements Steep slope Heavy impact Grazing and trampling with bare ground and poaching H21 elements M11 With Saifraga aizoides Huperzia selago Bat 1 bat flying on Bats 5 bats flying on

65 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities H10a H10a H12a H12a H12a H12a H12a Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga repens Alnus glutinosa Antennaria dioica Anthoanthum odoratum Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Asplenium trichomanes Athyrium fili-femina Athyrium fili-mas Atrichum undulatum Betula pendula Betula pubescens Blechnum spicant 2 Brachythecium rutabulum Brachypodium sylvaticum Breutelia chrysocoma 3 Calluna vulgaris Care binervis Care demissa Care echinata Care panicea Care remota Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscula Cladonia floerkeana Cladonia portentosa Cladonia pyidata Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Corylus avellana Crepis paludosa Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius Dactylis glomerata Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus 1 Dicranum scoparium 1 1 Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans Drepanocladus uncinatus Dryopteris dilatata Empetrum nigrum Epilobium montanum

66 Erica cinerea Erica tetrali 1 Eriophorum angustifolium Eriophorum vaginatum Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Festuca ovina Filipendula ulmaria Frainus ecelsior Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile Galium verum Genista anglica Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Hedera heli Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum 2 Hypnum cupressiforme 2 2 Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes 1 Ile aquifolium Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus conglomeratus Juncus effusus Juncus squarrosus Juniperus communis Lari europea Lathyrus montanus Linum catharticum Lobaria pulmonaria Lonicera pericylnemum Lophocolea bidentata Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa 1 Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea 1 Myrica gale Nardus stricta Narthecium ossifragum Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Parmelia saatilis Pellia epiphylla Peltigera canina Pinguicula vulgaris

67 Plagiochila asplenioides Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi Polygala seryllifolia Polypodium vulgare Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum 2 Potentilla erecta 1 Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Quercus robur/petraea hybrid Quercus petraea Racomitrium lanuginosum Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens Rhytidiadelphus loreus 5 Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus 1 3 Rume acetosa Sanicula europaea Sali caprea Scrophularia nodosa Senecio jacobaea Sorbus aucuparia 1 seedling Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum magellanicum Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum 3 2 Trichophorum cespitosum 1 Trifolium repens Thymus praeco Ulmus glabra Urtica dioica Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea 3 4 Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Vicia sepium Viola palustris Viola riviniana Bare ground/rock

68 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Woodland communities W4b W4b W18d TN Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Anthoanthum odoratum Blechnum spicant Breutelia chrysocoma 1 Calluna vulgaris Care echinata 3 2 Care pulicaris Cerastium fontanum Cirsium palustre Cladonia chlorophaea Cladonia portentosa Cladonia squamosa Cladonia squamules Corylus avellana Crepis paludosa Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa 2 Dicranum majus 4 Dicranum scoparium 4 Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans Dryopteris dilatata Empetrum nigrum Erica cinerea Erica tetrali 4 5 Eriophorum vaginatum 4 4 Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca ovina Festuca ovina/rubra Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum 6 Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes 2 2 Isothecium myosuroides

69 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Woodland communities W4b W4b W18d TN Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus 5 6 Lobaria pulmonaria Lophocolea bidentata Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum 2 Molinia caerulea 6 4 Oalis acetosella Peltigera canina Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Pleurozium schreberi 4 Polygala seryllifolia Polytrichum commune 4 Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Racomitrium lanuginosum Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus 2 Senecio jacobaea Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre 6 8 Sphagnum recurvum 2 2 Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens Vaccinium myrtillus 6 Vaccinium vitis-idaea 5 Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Viola palustris Viola riviniana

70 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Woodland communities W4b W4b W18d TN Bare ground 10%

71 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Woodland communities W17a W17a W17d W17d W17d Agrostis capillaris 3 4 Agrostis canina 4 Agrostis stolonifera Anthoanthum odoratum 4 2 Blechnum spicant 2 Blepharostoma trichophyllum 2 Breutelia chrysocoma Calluna vulgaris Care echinata Care pulicaris 1` Cerastium fontanum Cirsium palustre Cladonia chlorophaea 1 Cladonia portentosa 3 Cladonia squamosa 2 Cladonia squamules 1 Corylus avellana Crepis paludosa Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium 2 Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans Dryopteris dilatata Empetrum nigrum Erica cinerea 5 Erica tetrali Eriophorum vaginatum Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca ovina 4 Festuca ovina/rubra Frullania tamarisci 1 Galium palustre Galium saatile Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Holcus lanatus 1 Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme 2 Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut

72 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Woodland communities W17a W17a W17d W17d W17d Hypogymnia physodes Isothecium myosuroides 5 Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus Lepidozia reptans 3 3 Lobaria pulmonaria Lophocolea bidentata 3 3 Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa 2 1 Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum 3 2 Molinia caerulea 1 Mylia taylori 2 2 Oalis acetosella Peltigera canina Plagiochila asplenioides 2 2 Plagiochila spinulosa 5 4 Plagiomnium undulatum 3 Plagiothecium undulatum 3 Pleurozium schreberi 4 Polygala seryllifolia Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis 1 Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum 4 Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis 4 8 Racomitrium lanuginosum 2 Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus 2 Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Scapania gracilis 4 5 Senecio jacobaea 1 Sphagnum capillifolium 4 Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens 4 Sphagnum quinquefarium 4 Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum

73 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Woodland communities W17a W17a W17d W17d W17d Trifolium repens Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea 4 Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis 2 Viola palustris Viola riviniana Bare ground

74 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Woodland communities W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Anthoanthum odoratum Blechnum spicant 1 Breutelia chrysocoma Calluna vulgaris Care echinata Care pulicaris Cerastium fontanum Cirsium palustre Cladonia chlorophaea Cladonia portentosa Cladonia squamosa Cladonia squamules Corylus avellana Crepis paludosa Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans Dryopteris dilatata Empetrum nigrum Erica cinerea 8 8 Erica tetrali Eriophorum vaginatum Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca ovina Festuca ovina/rubra Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes Isothecium myosuroides

75 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Woodland communities W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus Lobaria pulmonaria Lophocolea bidentata 3 Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea 1 Oalis acetosella Peltigera canina Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Pleurozium schreberi Polygala seryllifolia Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum 2 4 Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Racomitrium lanuginosum Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Senecio jacobaea 1 Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium Teucrium scoridonium 1 Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys 1 Veronica officinalis Viola palustris Viola riviniana

76 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Woodland communities Bare ground W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b

77 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Woodland communities W11c W11c W11c W11c W11c W11c W11c Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera 5 Anthoanthum odoratum Blechnum spicant Breutelia chrysocoma Calluna vulgaris Care echinata Care pulicaris Cerastium fontanum 2 Cirsium palustre Cladonia chlorophaea Cladonia portentosa 2 Cladonia squamosa Cladonia squamules 2 1 Corylus avellana Crepis paludosa Ctenidium molluscum 2 Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius Deschampsia cespitosa 4 1 Deschampsia fleuosa 1 Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea 1 Diplophyllum albicans 2 3 Dryopteris dilatata 1 Empetrum nigrum Erica cinerea Erica tetrali Eriophorum vaginatum Eurynchium praelongum 1 Eurynchium striatum Festuca ovina 4 4 Festuca ovina/rubra 6 3 Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non scriptus 1 Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme 4 Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes

78 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Woodland communities W11c W11c W11c W11c W11c W11c W11c Isothecium myosuroides Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus Lobaria pulmonaria 1 Lophocolea bidentata Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa 1 Lysimachia nemorum 1 1 Mnium hornum 2 Molinia caerulea 1 1 Oalis acetosella Peltigera canina Plagiomnium undulatum 1 3 Plagiothecium undulatum Pleurozium schreberi Polygala seryllifolia 2 2 Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Racomitrium lanuginosum Ranunculus acris 2 Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens 5 Rhizomnium punctatum 2 Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Senecio jacobaea Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens Vaccinium myrtillus 2 Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys 2 1 Veronica officinalis Viola palustris

79 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Woodland communities W11c W11c W11c W11c W11c W11c W11c Viola riviniana Bare ground

80 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Woodland communities W7c W7c W7c W7c W7c Agrostis capillaris 3 Agrostis canina 2 5 Agrostis stolonifera 4 Anthoanthum odoratum 5 Blechnum spicant Breutelia chrysocoma 1 Calluna vulgaris Care echinata 2 Care pulicaris Cerastium fontanum 2 Cirsium palustre Cladonia chlorophaea Cladonia portentosa Cladonia squamosa Cladonia squamules Corylus avellana Crepis paludosa 2 Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium 2 Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans Dryopteris dilatata Empetrum nigrum Erica cinerea Erica tetrali Eriophorum vaginatum Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca ovina 2 Festuca ovina/rubra Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre 1 2 Galium saatile 2 Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme 5 Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes Isothecium myosuroides

81 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Woodland communities W7c W7c W7c W7c W7c Juncus articulatus 2 Juncus bulbosus 1 2 Juncus effusus Lobaria pulmonaria Lophocolea bidentata Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum 3 Molinia caerulea Oalis acetosella Peltigera canina 1 Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Pleurozium schreberi Polygala seryllifolia Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum 2 Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris 4 Prunella vulgaris 4 Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Racomitrium lanuginosum Ranunculus acris 2 2 Ranunculus flammula 2 3 Ranunculus repens 3 2 Rhizomnium punctatum 1 Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus 4 5 Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Senecio jacobaea 1 Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens 1 Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Viola palustris 2 Viola riviniana 2 2

82 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Woodland communities W7c W7c W7c W7c W7c Bare ground

83 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities CG10aTN M25a TN M25a TN Agrostis capillaris 4 Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera 5 Ajuga repens Alnus glutinosa Antennaria dioica Anthoanthum odoratum 4 1 Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Asplenium trichomanes Athyrium fili-femina Athyrium fili-mas Atrichum undulatum Betula pendula Betula pubescens Blechnum spicant 1 Brachythecium rutabulum Brachypodium sylvaticum Breutelia chrysocoma 2 Calluna vulgaris 4 5 Care binervis Care demissa 2 Care echinata 3 Care panicea 5 Care remota Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Cirsium palustre 2 Cladonia arbuscula Cladonia floerkeana Cladonia portentosa 3 Cladonia pyidata Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Corylus avellana Crepis paludosa Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius Dactylis glomerata Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium 2 Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans Drepanocladus uncinatus 2 Dryopteris dilatata Empetrum nigrum Epilobium montanum

84 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities CG10aTN M25a TN M25a TN Erica cinerea Erica tetrali 5 4 Eriophorum angustifolium Eriophorum vaginatum Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Festuca ovina 5 Filipendula ulmaria Frainus ecelsior Frullania tamarisci 4 Galium palustre Galium saatile Galium verum 2 Genista anglica Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Hedera heli Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens 4 4 Hypericum pulchrum 2 Hypnum cupressiforme 3 Hypnum jutlandicum 2 2 Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes Ile aquifolium Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus conglomeratus 2 Juncus effusus Juncus squarrosus 2 Juniperus communis Lari europea Lathyrus montanus Linum catharticum 2 Lobaria pulmonaria Lonicera pericylnemum Lophocolea bidentata Lotus corniculatus 2 Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea Myrica gale 4 Nardus stricta Narthecium ossifragum 4 3

85 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities CG10aTN M25a TN M25a TN Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Parmelia saatilis Pellia epiphylla Peltigera canina Pinguicula vulgaris 1 Plagiochila asplenioides Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata 4 Pleurozium schreberi 4 Polygala seryllifolia 2 Polypodium vulgare Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris 2 Prunella vulgaris 5 Pseudoscleroporium purum 3 Pteridium aquilinum 4 1 Ptilium crista-castrensis Quercus robur/petraea hybrid Quercus petraea Racomitrium lanuginosum Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Rume acetosa Sanicula europaea Sali caprea Scrophularia nodosa Senecio jacobaea Sorbus aucuparia Sphagnum capillifolium 6 5 Sphagnum magellanicum Sphagnum palustre 5 Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis 2 1 Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum 4 Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens Thymus praeco 6

86 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities Ulmus glabra Urtica dioica Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Vicia sepium Viola palustris 1 Viola riviniana 3 Bare ground/rock CG10aTN M25a TN M25a TN

87 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities U20c U20c U20c U20c U20c Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera 4 Ajuga repens Alnus glutinosa Antennaria dioica Anthoanthum odoratum Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Asplenium trichomanes Athyrium fili-femina Athyrium fili-mas Atrichum undulatum Betula pendula Betula pubescens Blechnum spicant 1 Brachythecium rutabulum Brachypodium sylvaticum Breutelia chrysocoma Calluna vulgaris Care binervis Care demissa Care echinata Care panicea Care remota Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscula Cladonia floerkeana Cladonia portentosa Cladonia pyidata Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Corylus avellana Crepis paludosa Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius Dactylis glomerata Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea 1 Diplophyllum albicans Drepanocladus uncinatus Dryopteris dilatata Empetrum nigrum Epilobium montanum

88 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities U20c U20c U20c U20c U20c Erica cinerea Erica tetrali Eriophorum angustifolium Eriophorum vaginatum Eurynchium praelongum 3 Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Festuca ovina Filipendula ulmaria Frainus ecelsior Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile 2 Galium verum Genista anglica Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Hedera heli Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis 1 3 Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes Ile aquifolium Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus conglomeratus Juncus effusus 1 Juncus squarrosus Juniperus communis Lari europea Lathyrus montanus Linum catharticum Lobaria pulmonaria Lonicera pericylnemum Lophocolea bidentata 3 Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora 1 1 Luzula pilosa Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea Myrica gale Nardus stricta Narthecium ossifragum

89 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities U20c U20c U20c U20c U20c Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Parmelia saatilis Pellia epiphylla Peltigera canina Pinguicula vulgaris Plagiochila asplenioides Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi Polygala seryllifolia Polypodium vulgare Polytrichum commune 1 Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris 1 Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum 2 5 Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Quercus robur/petraea hybrid Quercus petraea Racomitrium lanuginosum Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus 3 4 Rume acetosa Sanicula europaea Sali caprea Scrophularia nodosa Senecio jacobaea 1 Sorbus aucuparia Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum magellanicum Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum 5 4 Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens Thymus praeco

90 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities Ulmus glabra Urtica dioica Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Vicia sepium Viola palustris Viola riviniana 2 Bare ground/rock U20c U20c U20c U20c U20c

91 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities M19a M19a M19a M19a M19a Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga repens Alnus glutinosa Antennaria dioica Anthoanthum odoratum Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Asplenium trichomanes Athyrium fili-femina Athyrium fili-mas Atrichum undulatum Betula pendula Betula pubescens Blechnum spicant Brachythecium rutabulum Brachypodium sylvaticum Breutelia chrysocoma 2 Calluna vulgaris Care binervis Care demissa Care echinata Care panicea Care remota Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscula Cladonia floerkeana Cladonia portentosa 2 1 Cladonia pyidata Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Corylus avellana Crepis paludosa Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius Dactylis glomerata Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium 1 Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans Drepanocladus uncinatus Dryopteris dilatata Empetrum nigrum Epilobium montanum

92 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities M19a M19a M19a M19a M19a Erica cinerea Erica tetrali Eriophorum angustifolium 1 Eriophorum vaginatum Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Festuca ovina Filipendula ulmaria Frainus ecelsior Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile Galium verum Genista anglica Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Hedera heli Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens 4 4 Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes 2 1 Ile aquifolium Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus conglomeratus Juncus effusus Juncus squarrosus Juniperus communis Lari europea Lathyrus montanus Linum catharticum Lobaria pulmonaria Lonicera pericylnemum Lophocolea bidentata Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea 2 2 Myrica gale Nardus stricta Narthecium ossifragum 3 3 2

93 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities M19a M19a M19a M19a M19a Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Parmelia saatilis Pellia epiphylla Peltigera canina Pinguicula vulgaris Plagiochila asplenioides Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi Polygala seryllifolia Polypodium vulgare Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Quercus robur/petraea hybrid Quercus petraea Racomitrium lanuginosum Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Rume acetosa Sanicula europaea Sali caprea Scrophularia nodosa Senecio jacobaea Sorbus aucuparia Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum magellanicum 1 Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens Thymus praeco

94 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities Ulmus glabra Urtica dioica Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Vicia sepium Viola palustris Viola riviniana Bare ground/rock M19a M19a M19a M19a M19a

95 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities M15b M15b M15b M15b M15b Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina 1 Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga repens Alnus glutinosa Antennaria dioica Anthoanthum odoratum 1 Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Asplenium trichomanes Athyrium fili-femina Athyrium fili-mas Atrichum undulatum Betula pendula Betula pubescens Blechnum spicant Brachythecium rutabulum Brachypodium sylvaticum Breutelia chrysocoma Calluna vulgaris Care binervis 1 Care demissa Care echinata 2 Care panicea 1 Care remota Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscula Cladonia floerkeana Cladonia portentosa Cladonia pyidata Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Corylus avellana Crepis paludosa Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius Dactylis glomerata Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa 2 Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium 3 Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans Drepanocladus uncinatus Dryopteris dilatata Empetrum nigrum Epilobium montanum

96 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities M15b M15b M15b M15b M15b Erica cinerea Erica tetrali Eriophorum angustifolium Eriophorum vaginatum Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Festuca ovina Filipendula ulmaria Frainus ecelsior Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile Galium verum Genista anglica Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Hedera heli Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens 4 Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme 1 2 Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes 1 Ile aquifolium Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus conglomeratus Juncus effusus Juncus squarrosus Juniperus communis Lari europea Lathyrus montanus Linum catharticum Lobaria pulmonaria Lonicera pericylnemum Lophocolea bidentata Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea Myrica gale Nardus stricta 1 Narthecium ossifragum 1 3 3

97 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities M15b M15b M15b M15b M15b Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Parmelia saatilis Pellia epiphylla Peltigera canina Pinguicula vulgaris Plagiochila asplenioides Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi 7 5 Polygala seryllifolia Polypodium vulgare Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta 1 1 Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum 2 1 Ptilium crista-castrensis Quercus robur/petraea hybrid Quercus petraea Racomitrium lanuginosum Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Rume acetosa Sanicula europaea Sali caprea Scrophularia nodosa Senecio jacobaea Sorbus aucuparia Sphagnum capillifolium 4 5 Sphagnum magellanicum Sphagnum palustre 4 Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis 1 Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens Thymus praeco

98 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities Ulmus glabra Urtica dioica Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Vicia sepium Viola palustris Viola riviniana Bare ground/rock M15b M15b M15b M15b M15b

99 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities H21a H21a H21a H21a H21a Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga repens Alnus glutinosa Antennaria dioica Anthoanthum odoratum Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Asplenium trichomanes Athyrium fili-femina Athyrium fili-mas Atrichum undulatum Betula pendula Betula pubescens Blechnum spicant 2 Brachythecium rutabulum Brachypodium sylvaticum Breutelia chrysocoma Calluna vulgaris Care binervis Care demissa Care echinata Care panicea Care remota Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscula Cladonia floerkeana Cladonia portentosa Cladonia pyidata Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Corylus avellana Crepis paludosa Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius Dactylis glomerata Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium 3 Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans 2 2

100 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities H21a H21a H21a H21a H21a Drepanocladus uncinatus Dryopteris dilatata Empetrum nigrum 5 Epilobium montanum Erica cinerea Erica tetrali Eriophorum angustifolium Eriophorum vaginatum Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Festuca ovina Filipendula ulmaria Frainus ecelsior Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile Galium verum Genista anglica Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Hedera heli Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme 3 Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes 2 3 Ile aquifolium Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus conglomeratus Juncus effusus Juncus squarrosus Juniperus communis Lari europea Lathyrus montanus Linum catharticum Lobaria pulmonaria Lonicera pericylnemum Lophocolea bidentata 3 Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora 2

101 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities H21a H21a H21a H21a H21a Luzula pilosa Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea Myrica gale Nardus stricta Narthecium ossifragum Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella 3 Parmelia saatilis Pellia epiphylla Peltigera canina Pinguicula vulgaris Plagiochila asplenioides 4 Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi Polygala seryllifolia Polypodium vulgare Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta 2 Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris 1 Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum 4 Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis 4 Quercus robur/petraea hybrid Quercus petraea Racomitrium lanuginosum Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus 3 Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus 2 Rume acetosa Sanicula europaea Sali caprea Scrophularia nodosa Senecio jacobaea Sorbus aucuparia Sphagnum capillifolium

102 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities H21a H21a H21a H21a H21a Sphagnum magellanicum Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium 2 5 Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum 4 Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens Thymus praeco Ulmus glabra Urtica dioica Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Vicia sepium Viola palustris Viola riviniana Bare ground/rock

103 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities H16b H16b H16b H16b H16b H16b Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga repens Alnus glutinosa Antennaria dioica 4 Anthoanthum odoratum Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Asplenium trichomanes Athyrium fili-femina Athyrium fili-mas Atrichum undulatum Betula pendula Betula pubescens Blechnum spicant Brachythecium rutabulum Brachypodium sylvaticum Breutelia chrysocoma 1 Calluna vulgaris Care binervis 2 4 Care demissa Care echinata Care panicea 2 Care remota Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscula Cladonia floerkeana 2 Cladonia portentosa Cladonia pyidata 1 Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis 2 3 Corylus avellana Crepis paludosa Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius Dactylis glomerata Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans Drepanocladus uncinatus Dryopteris dilatata Empetrum nigrum 2 Epilobium montanum

104 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities H16b H16b H16b H16b H16b H16b Erica cinerea Erica tetrali Eriophorum angustifolium Eriophorum vaginatum Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Festuca ovina 2 Filipendula ulmaria Frainus ecelsior Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile Galium verum Genista anglica 2 1 Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Hedera heli Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens 5 Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme 1 1 Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes 2 Ile aquifolium Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus conglomeratus Juncus effusus Juncus squarrosus Juniperus communis Lari europea Lathyrus montanus Linum catharticum Lobaria pulmonaria Lonicera pericylnemum Lophocolea bidentata Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea Myrica gale Nardus stricta Narthecium ossifragum

105 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities H16b H16b H16b H16b H16b H16b Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Parmelia saatilis 2 Pellia epiphylla Peltigera canina Pinguicula vulgaris Plagiochila asplenioides Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi 10 5 Polygala seryllifolia Polypodium vulgare Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum 2 Potentilla erecta 1 Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Quercus robur/petraea hybrid Quercus petraea Racomitrium lanuginosum 4 4 Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens Rhytidiadelphus loreus 5 Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus 2 Rume acetosa Sanicula europaea Sali caprea Scrophularia nodosa Senecio jacobaea Sorbus aucuparia Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum magellanicum Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis 1 Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum 2 1 Trifolium repens Thymus praeco

106 EASTER NESS POINT DATA Non-woodland communities H16b H16b H16b H16b H16b H16b Ulmus glabra Urtica dioica Vaccinium myrtillus 4 2 Vaccinium vitis-idaea 3 4 Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Vicia sepium Viola palustris Viola riviniana Bare ground/rock 15% 20% 5% 30%

107 INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA Non-woodland communities H12a H12a H16b H16b MG6b MG6b U4a U4a Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera 1 8 Ajuga repens Alnus glutinosa Anthoanthum odoratum Arctostaphylos uva-ursi 4 5 Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Asplenium trichomanes Betula pendula Betula pubescens Blechnum spicant 1 Brachythecium rutabulum 5 Brachypodium sylvaticum Calliergon cuspidatum 4 4 Calluna vulgaris Care echinata Care demissa Care panicea Care remota Cerastium fontanum 4 4 Cetraria islandica 2 2 Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Cirriphyllum piliferum 4 4 Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscula 3 3 Cladonia diversa 2 2 Cladonia portentosa 5 4 Cladonia pyidata 1 1 Cladonia squamosa 1 Cladonia uncialis 3 Corylus avellana Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus 5 5 Cytisus scoparius Dactylis glomerata Deschampsia cespitosa 4 4 Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea 1 4 Diplophyllum albicans Drepanocladus uncinatus Dryopteris dilatata Empetrum nigrum Epilobium brunnescens 2 Epilobium montanum Erica cinerea 2 6 Eurynchium praelongum 5 3 Eurynchium striatum

108 INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA Non-woodland communities H12a H12a H16b H16b MG6b MG6b U4a U4a Festuca altissima Festuca ovina 1 3 Filipendula ulmaria Frainus ecelsior Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile 4 4 Galium verum Geranium robertianum Geum rivale 1 Hedera heli Holcus lanatus 4 Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum 1 Hypnum cupressiforme 3 3 Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes 4 3 Ile aquifolium Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus Juniperus communis Lathyrus montanus Linum catharticum Lobaria pulmonaria Lolium perenne 2 4 Lonicera pericylnemum Lophocolea bidentata 3 Lotus corniculatus Luzula sylvatica Luzula pilosa Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea Nardus stricta Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Picea sitchensis regen Pinguicula vulgaris Plagiomnium affine 3 Plagiomnium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi Poa pratensis 4 4 Polygala serpyllifolia Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum

109 INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA Non-woodland communities H12a H12a H16b H16b MG6b MG6b U4a U4a Potentilla erecta 1 1 Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris 1 2 Prunella vulgaris 4 Pseudoscleroporium purum 3 Pteridium aquilinum 1 Ptilium crista-castrensis Quercus petraea Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens 2 Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Rume acetosa 2 Sanicula europaea Senecio jacobaea Senecio vulgaris 2 Sorbus aucuparia Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum quinquefarium Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens 6 4 Thymus praeco Ulmus glabra Urtica dioica Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea 2 2 Veronica chamaedrys 3 Veronica officinalis Vicia sepium Viola palustre Viola riviniana 2 1 Bare ground/rock 10%

110 INVERFARIGAIG Woodland communities W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b W17c W17c Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera 7 Ajuga repens Alnus glutinosa Anthoanthum odoratum 4 2 Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Asplenium trichomanes Athyrium fili-femina Atrichum undulatum Betula pendula Betula pubescens Blechnum spicant 2 1 Brachythecium rutabulum Brachypodium sylvaticum Calluna vulgaris Caltha palustris Care echinata Care demissa Care panicea Care remota Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Circaea lutetiana Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscula Cladonia portentosa Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Corylus avellana seedling Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius Dactylis glomerata Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans Drepanocladus uncinatus Dryopteris dilatata Dryopteris fili-mas Empetrum nigrum Epilobium montanum Erica cinerea Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Festuca ovina

111 INVERFARIGAIG Woodland communities W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b W17c W17c Filipendula ulmaria Frainus ecelsior Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile 4 3 Galium verum Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Hedera heli Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum 1 2 Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes Ile aquifolium Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus 1 Juniperus communis Lari europea Lathyrus montanus Linum catharticum Lobaria pulmonaria 1 Lonicera pericylnemum Lophocolea bidentata 3 Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora 1 2 Luzula pilosa 2 1 Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea 1 Nardus stricta Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Pellia epiphylla Peltigera canina Picea sitchensis regen Pinguicula vulgaris Plagiomnium undulatum 2 3 Plagiothecium undulatum 3 Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi Polygala seryllifolia 3 Polypodium vulgare Polytrichum commune

112 INVERFARIGAIG Woodland communities W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b W17c W17c Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris 4 Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum 2 3 Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis 2 Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Rume acetosa Sanicula europaea Senecio jacobaea 1 Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum subnitens 3 Sphagnum quinquefarium Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis Teucrium scoridonium 4 3 Thuidium tamariscinum 6 5 Trichophorum cespitosum Urtica dioica Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea 4 5 Veronica chamaedrys 1 Veronica officinalis Vicia sepium Viola palustre Viola riviniana Bare ground

113 INVERFARIGAIG INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA Woodland communities W11c W11c W18e W18e Agrostis capillaris 5 5 Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga repens Alnus glutinosa Anthoanthum odoratum 1 Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Asplenium trichomanes Athyrium fili-femina Atrichum undulatum Betula pendula Betula pubescens Blechnum spicant 1 4 Brachythecium rutabulum Brachypodium sylvaticum 6 Calluna vulgaris Caltha palustris Care echinata Care demissa Care panicea Care remota Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Circaea lutetiana Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscula Cladonia portentosa Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Corylus avellana seedling Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius Dactylis glomerata Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus 2 Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans Drepanocladus uncinatus Dryopteris dilatata Dryopteris fili-mas Empetrum nigrum Epilobium montanum Erica cinerea 5 Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima

114 INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA Woodland communities W11c W11c W18e W18e Festuca ovina Filipendula ulmaria Frainus ecelsior Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile 2 Galium verum Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Hedera heli Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum 2 Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum 4 4 Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes Ile aquifolium Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus Juniperus communis Lari europea Lathyrus montanus Linum catharticum Lobaria pulmonaria Lonicera pericylnemum Lophocolea bidentata 2 Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora 1 Luzula pilosa 3 Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea Nardus stricta Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella 3 3 Pellia epiphylla Peltigera canina Picea sitchensis regen Pinguicula vulgaris Plagiomnium undulatum 3 3 Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi 4 3 Polygala seryllifolia Polypodium vulgare

115 INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA Woodland communities W11c W11c W18e W18e Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris 1 Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus 4 4 Rume acetosa Sanicula europaea Senecio jacobaea Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium 4 4 Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum 2 Urtica dioica Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea 8 7 Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis 3 Vicia sepium Viola palustre Viola riviniana 2 Bare ground

116 INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA Woodland communities Poor GPS Poor GPS W9a W9a W9a W9a W9a Agrostis capillaris 6 Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga repens 2 3 Alnus glutinosa Anthoanthum odoratum 4 3 Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Asplenium trichomanes 1 Athyrium fili-femina 1 Atrichum undulatum Betula pendula Betula pubescens Blechnum spicant 1 Brachythecium rutabulum 3 4 Brachypodium sylvaticum 6 5 Calluna vulgaris Caltha palustris Care echinata Care demissa Care panicea Care remota Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium 1 4 Circaea lutetiana Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscula Cladonia portentosa Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Corylus avellana seedling Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius 1 Dactylis glomerata 2 Deschampsia cespitosa 4 Deschampsia fleuosa 3 Dicranum majus 1 Dicranum scoparium 2 Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans Drepanocladus uncinatus Dryopteris dilatata 1 Dryopteris fili-mas 1 Empetrum nigrum Epilobium montanum Erica cinerea Eurynchium praelongum 6 Eurynchium striatum 6 Festuca altissima Festuca ovina

117 INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA Woodland communities Poor GPS Poor GPS W9a W9a W9a W9a W9a Filipendula ulmaria 4 2 Frainus ecelsior Frullania tamarisci 3 Galium palustre Galium saatile Galium verum Geranium robertianum Geum rivale 4 1 Hedera heli Holcus lanatus 5 Holcus mollis 2 Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme 4 Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes Ile aquifolium Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus Juniperus communis Lari europea Lathyrus montanus Linum catharticum Lobaria pulmonaria Lonicera pericylnemum Lophocolea bidentata 3 Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa 4 2 Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum 3 Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea Nardus stricta Oreopteris limbosperma 5 Oalis acetosella Pellia epiphylla Peltigera canina 1 Picea sitchensis regen Pinguicula vulgaris Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi Polygala seryllifolia Polypodium vulgare 1 Polytrichum commune

118 INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA Woodland communities Poor GPS Poor GPS W9a W9a W9a W9a W9a Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris 2 1 Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum 3 3 Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens 4 Rhizomnium punctatum 1 Rhytidiadelphus loreus 2 Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus 4 5 Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Rume acetosa 2 Sanicula europaea Senecio jacobaea Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium Stellaria holostea 5 3 Succisa pratensis Teucrium scoridonium 2 2 Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum Urtica dioica 4 Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys 2 Veronica officinalis Vicia sepium 2 2 Viola palustre Viola riviniana 2 3 Bare ground 15%

119 INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA Woodland communities W7c W7c W7c W7c W7c Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera 5 Ajuga repens 1 1 Alnus glutinosa Anthoanthum odoratum 2 Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Asplenium trichomanes Athyrium fili-femina Atrichum undulatum 2 Betula pendula Betula pubescens Blechnum spicant Brachythecium rutabulum Brachypodium sylvaticum Calluna vulgaris Caltha palustris 2 Care echinata Care demissa Care panicea Care remota Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Circaea lutetiana Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscula Cladonia portentosa Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Corylus avellana seedling 1 Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius Dactylis glomerata Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans Drepanocladus uncinatus Dryopteris dilatata Dryopteris fili-mas Empetrum nigrum Epilobium montanum Erica cinerea Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Festuca ovina

120 INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA Woodland communities W7c W7c W7c W7c W7c Filipendula ulmaria 2 Frainus ecelsior Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre 2 Galium saatile Galium verum Geranium robertianum 2 2 Geum rivale 3 4 Hedera heli Holcus lanatus 1 Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens 3 Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes Ile aquifolium Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus 1 1 Juniperus communis Lari europea Lathyrus montanus Linum catharticum Lobaria pulmonaria Lonicera pericylnemum Lophocolea bidentata 2 Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa Luzula sylvatica 1 Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea Nardus stricta Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Pellia epiphylla 1 Peltigera canina Picea sitchensis regen Pinguicula vulgaris Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum 1 Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi Polygala seryllifolia Polypodium vulgare Polytrichum commune

121 INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA Woodland communities W7c W7c W7c W7c W7c Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis 1 Primula vulgaris 4 1 Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum 3 Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus 5 Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus 2 3 Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus 2 2 Rume acetosa Sanicula europaea Senecio jacobaea Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium Stellaria holostea 2 Succisa pratensis Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum Urtica dioica Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Vicia sepium Viola palustre 2 Viola riviniana 1 1 Bare ground 15%

122 INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA Woodland communities Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga repens Alnus glutinosa Anthoanthum odoratum Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Asplenium trichomanes Athyrium fili-femina Atrichum undulatum Betula pendula Betula pubescens Blechnum spicant Brachythecium rutabulum Brachypodium sylvaticum Calluna vulgaris 1 Caltha palustris Care echinata Care demissa Care panicea Care remota Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Circaea lutetiana Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscula Cladonia portentosa Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Corylus avellana seedling Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Cytisus scoparius Dactylis glomerata Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea Diplophyllum albicans Drepanocladus uncinatus Dryopteris dilatata Dryopteris fili-mas Empetrum nigrum Epilobium montanum Erica cinerea Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Festuca ovina W4b W4b

123 INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA Woodland communities W4b W4b Filipendula ulmaria Frainus ecelsior Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile Galium uliginosum 1 Galium verum Geranium robertianum Geum rivale Hedera heli Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis 3 3 Hyacinthoides non scriptus Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Hypogymnia physodes Ile aquifolium Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus 8 8 Juniperus communis Lari europea Lathyrus montanus Linum catharticum Lobaria pulmonaria Lonicera pericylnemum Lophocolea bidentata Lotus corniculatus Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea 5 4 Nardus stricta Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella 1 Pellia epiphylla Peltigera canina Picea sitchensis regen Pinguicula vulgaris Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi Polygala seryllifolia Polypodium vulgare

124 INVERFARIGAIG POINT DATA Woodland communities W4b W4b Polytrichum commune 1 5 Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta 2 Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum 5 Ptilium crista-castrensis Ranunculus acris Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Rume acetosa Sanicula europaea Senecio jacobaea Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum recurvum 5 5 Sphagnum subnitens Sphagnum quinquefarium Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum Urtica dioica Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Vicia sepium Viola palustre 1 Viola riviniana Bare ground

125 TARFF POINT DATA Woodland communities W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b W17d W17d Agrostis capillaris 5 4 Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera 5 2 Ajuga reptans Anthoanthum odoratum 3 Bazzania trilobata 5 Betula pubescens seedling Blechnum spicant Brachythecium rutabulum Brachypodium sylvaticum Breutelia chrysocoma Bromus ramosus Calluna vulgaris 5 Campylium stellatum Cardamine hirsuta/fleuosa Care binervis 2 2 Care demissa Care echinata Care remota Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Cirsium palustre Cladonia squamules Cladonia squamosa 1 Cladonia uncialis 4 Corylus avellana Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus 2 4 Dicranum scoparium 1 4 Digitalis purpurea Dryopteris dilatata Dryopteris dilatata Dryopteris fili-mas Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Festuca ovina Festuca rubra Festuca vivipara 4 Filipendula ulmaria Fissidens taifolius Fragaria vesca Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile 3 3 Galium uliginosum Hedera heli

126 TARFF POINT DATA Woodland communities W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b W17d W17d Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis 4 2 Hyacinthoides non-scripta Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypogymnia physodes 4 Hypnum cupressiforme 4 Hypnum jutlandicum 5 2 Hypnum cup/jut Ile aquifolium Isothecium myosuroides Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus Juniperus communis Lari europea Lobaria pulmonaria Lonicera periclymenum Lophocolea bidentata Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa 1 Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum 2 Molinia caerulea Nardus stricta 3 Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella 1 Parmelia saatilis 1 Peltigera sp Plantago lanceolata Plagiochila asplenioides 1 Plagiomnium undulatum 1 Plagiothecium undulatum 3 3 Pleurozium schreberi Polystichum aculeatum Polytrichum commune 3 Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudomnium undulatum Pseudoscleroporium purum 3 Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis 3 Quercus petraea seedling Quercus sp seedling Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens

127 TARFF POINT DATA Woodland communities W17b W17b W17b W17b W17b W17d W17d Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus 6 Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Sali caprea Scrophularia nodosa Sorbus aucuparia seedling 3 Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum quinquefarium Sphagnum recurvum Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum Trifolium repens Vaccinium myrtillus Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Viola palustris Viola riviniana Bare ground/leaf litter

128 TARFF POINT DATA Woodland communities W11c W11c W11c W11c W11c W11b W11b W11b Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina 5 Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga reptans 2 Anthoanthum odoratum Bazzania trilobata Betula pubescens seedling Blechnum spicant 1 1 Brachythecium rutabulum 3 2 Brachypodium sylvaticum Breutelia chrysocoma Bromus ramosus Calluna vulgaris Campylium stellatum Cardamine hirsuta/fleuosa Care binervis Care demissa Care echinata Care remota Care sp Cerastium fontanum 3 Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Cirsium palustre Cladonia squamules Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Corylus avellana Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus 3 3 Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea Dryopteris dilatata 1 Dryopteris dilatata 1 Dryopteris fili-mas Eurynchium praelongum 2 Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Festuca ovina Festuca rubra 4 3 Festuca vivipara Filipendula ulmaria Fissidens taifolius Fragaria vesca 3 Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile Galium uliginosum

129 Hedera heli Holcus lanatus 4 3 Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non-scripta 1 Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum 2 Hypogymnia physodes Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Ile aquifolium Isothecium myosuroides Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus Juniperus communis Lari europea Lobaria pulmonaria Lonicera periclymenum Lophocolea bidentata 3 2 Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum 2 2 Molinia caerulea Nardus stricta Oreopteris limbosperma 1 Oalis acetosella Parmelia saatilis 1 3 Peltigera sp 1 Plantago lanceolata Plagiochila asplenioides Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Pleurozium schreberi Polystichum aculeatum Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta 2 Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris 1 4 Prunella vulgaris 2 3 Pseudomnium undulatum 1 Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Quercus petraea seedling 1 Quercus sp seedling 1 Ranunculus flammula Ranunculus repens 2 2 Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Sali caprea Scrophularia nodosa

130 Sorbus aucuparia seedling 1 Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum quinquefarium Sphagnum recurvum Stellaria holostea 1 Succisa pratensis Teucrium scoridonium 1 Thuidium tamariscinum Trifolium repens 2 Vaccinium myrtillus Veronica chamaedrys 4 1 Veronica officinalis 2 2 Viola palustris Viola riviniana Bare ground/leaf litter

131 TARFF POINT DATA Woodland communities W9a W9a W9a W9a W9a Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga reptans 4 Anthoanthum odoratum 3 4 Bazzania trilobata Betula pubescens seedling Blechnum spicant 1 2 Brachythecium rutabulum Brachypodium sylvaticum Breutelia chrysocoma Bromus ramosus 1 4 Calluna vulgaris Campylium stellatum Cardamine hirsuta/fleuosa Care binervis Care demissa Care echinata Care remota Care sp Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium 5 Cirsium palustre Cladonia squamules 2 Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Corylus avellana Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus 9 Deschampsia cespitosa 1 4 Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea Dryopteris dilatata Dryopteris dilatata 1 1 Dryopteris fili-mas Eurynchium praelongum 3 1 Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Festuca ovina Festuca rubra Festuca vivipara Filipendula ulmaria Fissidens taifolius 2 Fragaria vesca Frullania tamarisci 3 1 Galium palustre Galium saatile 3 Galium uliginosum

132 TARFF POINT DATA Woodland communities W9a W9a W9a W9a W9a Hedera heli Holcus lanatus 2 Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non-scripta Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum 2 Hypogymnia physodes Hypnum cupressiforme 3 Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Ile aquifolium Isothecium myosuroides 5 3 Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus Juniperus communis Lari europea Lobaria pulmonaria 2 Lonicera periclymenum Lophocolea bidentata 3 3 Luzula multiflora 2 Luzula pilosa Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum 3 Mnium hornum 2 Molinia caerulea Nardus stricta Oreopteris limbosperma 4 Oalis acetosella Parmelia saatilis Peltigera sp 1 Plantago lanceolata 3 Plagiochila asplenioides 4 1 Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Pleurozium schreberi Polystichum aculeatum 3 Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum 2 4 Potentilla erecta 2 Potentilla sterilis 2 Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudomnium undulatum Pseudoscleroporium purum 6 3 Pteridium aquilinum 8 Ptilium crista-castrensis Quercus petraea seedling Quercus sp seedling Ranunculus flammula

133 TARFF POINT DATA Woodland communities W9a W9a W9a W9a W9a Ranunculus repens Rhytidiadelphus loreus 4 Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Sali caprea Scrophularia nodosa 1 Sorbus aucuparia seedling Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum quinquefarium Sphagnum recurvum Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis Teucrium scoridonium 4 2 Thuidium tamariscinum Trifolium repens 3 Vaccinium myrtillus Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis 3 2 Viola palustris Viola riviniana Bare ground/leaf litter 9 10% 15% 10%

134 TARFF POINT DATA Woodland communities W7c W7c W7c W7c W7c Agrostis capillaris 4 5 Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera 4 5 Ajuga reptans 1 2 Anthoanthum odoratum Bazzania trilobata Betula pubescens seedling 1 Blechnum spicant Brachythecium rutabulum 4 Brachypodium sylvaticum Breutelia chrysocoma Bromus ramosus Calluna vulgaris Campylium stellatum 2 Cardamine hirsuta/fleuosa Care binervis Care demissa 2 Care echinata 4 3 Care remota Care sp Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium 4 3 Cirsium palustre Cladonia squamules Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Corylus avellana Ctenidium molluscum 2 Cynosurus cristatus Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea 1 1 Dryopteris dilatata Dryopteris dilatata 1 Dryopteris fili-mas Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Festuca ovina Festuca rubra Festuca vivipara Filipendula ulmaria 3 Fissidens taifolius Fragaria vesca Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre 2 Galium saatile Galium uliginosum

135 TARFF POINT DATA Woodland communities W7c W7c W7c W7c W7c Hedera heli Holcus lanatus 2 Holcus mollis 2 Hyacinthoides non-scripta Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypogymnia physodes Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Ile aquifolium Isothecium myosuroides Juncus articulatus 2 Juncus bulbosus 3 4 Juncus effusus Juniperus communis Lari europea Lobaria pulmonaria Lonicera periclymenum Lophocolea bidentata 3 3 Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea Nardus stricta 4 Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella 2 3 Parmelia saatilis Peltigera sp Plantago lanceolata Plagiochila asplenioides Plagiomnium undulatum 3 Plagiothecium undulatum Pleurozium schreberi Polystichum aculeatum Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudomnium undulatum Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum 5 Ptilium crista-castrensis Quercus petraea seedling Quercus sp seedling Ranunculus flammula

136 TARFF POINT DATA Woodland communities W7c W7c W7c W7c W7c Ranunculus repens 3 Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus 3 1 Sali caprea Scrophularia nodosa Sorbus aucuparia seedling Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum quinquefarium Sphagnum recurvum Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis 3 Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum Trifolium repens Vaccinium myrtillus Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Viola palustris 3 Viola riviniana 2 4 Bare ground/leaf litter 0% 10%

137 TARFF POINT DATA Woodland communities W4b W4b W4b W4b W4b W4b Agrostis capillaris 2 Agrostis canina 1 3 Agrostis stolonifera 3 Ajuga reptans 1 Anthoanthum odoratum 2 5 Bazzania trilobata Betula pubescens seedling Blechnum spicant Brachythecium rutabulum Brachypodium sylvaticum Breutelia chrysocoma 4 Bromus ramosus Calluna vulgaris Campylium stellatum Cardamine hirsuta/fleuosa Care binervis 1 Care demissa Care echinata Care remota Care sp 3 Cerastium fontanum Chrysosplenium oppositifolium 4 Cirsium palustre Cladonia squamules Cladonia squamosa Cladonia uncialis Corylus avellana Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Deschampsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Digitalis purpurea Dryopteris dilatata Dryopteris dilatata Dryopteris fili-mas Eurynchium praelongum Eurynchium striatum Festuca altissima Festuca ovina Festuca rubra Festuca vivipara Filipendula ulmaria Fissidens taifolius Fragaria vesca Frullania tamarisci Galium palustre Galium saatile Galium uliginosum 1 1

138 TARFF POINT DATA Woodland communities W4b W4b W4b W4b W4b W4b Hedera heli Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis 5 Hyacinthoides non-scripta Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypogymnia physodes Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Hypnum cup/jut Ile aquifolium Isothecium myosuroides Juncus articulatus 7 Juncus bulbosus 1 3 Juncus effusus Juniperus communis Lari europea Lobaria pulmonaria Lonicera periclymenum Lophocolea bidentata 3 Luzula multiflora Luzula pilosa Luzula sylvatica Lysimachia nemorum 2 1 Mnium hornum Molinia caerulea 5 Nardus stricta Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Parmelia saatilis Peltigera sp Plantago lanceolata Plagiochila asplenioides Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Pleurozium schreberi 4 Polystichum aculeatum Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta 2 Potentilla sterilis Primula vulgaris 2 Prunella vulgaris Pseudomnium undulatum Pseudoscleroporium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Quercus petraea seedling Quercus sp seedling Ranunculus flammula 2

139 TARFF POINT DATA Woodland communities W4b W4b W4b W4b W4b W4b Ranunculus repens 3 5 Rhytidiadelphus loreus 1 Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus 2 Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Sali caprea Scrophularia nodosa Sorbus aucuparia seedling Sphagnum capillifolium 4 Sphagnum palustre 8 Sphagnum quinquefarium Sphagnum recurvum Stellaria holostea Succisa pratensis Teucrium scoridonium Thuidium tamariscinum 2 4 Trifolium repens Vaccinium myrtillus Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Viola palustris 2 Viola riviniana Bare ground/leaf litter

140 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities U19 U19 U20a U20a U20a U20a U20a Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga reptans 2 Anthoanthum odoratum Atrichum undulatum 3 Aulacomnium palustre Bellis perennis Betula sp seedling Blechnum spicant 4 4 Breutelia chrysocoma Calluna vulgaris Calypogeia fissa Care binervis 2 Care demissa Care echinata Care nigra Care panicea Care pulicaris Cerastium fontanum 3 Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscuula Cladonia portentosa Cladonia uncialis Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Danthonia decumbens Deschamsia cespitosa 1 Deschampsia fleuosa 4 Digitalis purpurea 5 Dicranum majus 3 Dicranum scoparium 1 3 Drosera rotundifolia Eleocharis quinqueflora Empetrum nigrum 2 Erica cinerea Erica tetrali Eriophorum angustifolium Eriophorum vaginatum Euphrasia Eurhynchium praelongum 3 Festuca ovina Festuca ovina/rubra 5 Festuca rubra Festuca vivipara/ovina Festuca vivipara Filipendula ulmaria Frullania tamarisci Galium saatile Holcus lanatus 1

141 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities U19 U19 U20a U20a U20a U20a U20a Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non-scripta Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme 3 Hypnum jutlandicum Hypogymnia physodes Juncus acutiflorus Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus 1 1 Juncus squarrosus Leontodon autumnalis Leucobryum glaucum Linum catharticum Lophocolea bidentata Lycopodium clavatum Lysimachia nemorum 4 Luzula multiflora 1 Molinia caerulea 2 Nardus stricta Narthecium ossifragum Oreopteris limbosperma 7 8 Oalis acetosella Parnassia palustris Pedicularis sylvatica Plagiomnium undulatum 3 Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata 2 Pleurozium schreberi Polygala serpyllifolia Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Primula vulgaris 1 Prunella vulgaris 4 Pseudoscleropodium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Racomitrium lanuginosum Ranunculus acris Rhinanthus minor Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus 2 Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus 2 Sali aurita seedling Saifraga aizoides Selaginella selaginoides Sphagnum auriculatum

142 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities U19 U19 U20a U20a U20a U20a U20a Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum cuspidatum Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum papillosum Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Succisa pratensis Teucrium scorodonia Thuidium tamariscinum 4 Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens Triglochin palustre Thymus praeco Vaccinium myrtillus 5 Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys 2 Veronica officinalis Viola palustris 1 Viola riviniana Bare ground/stones

143 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities U5c U5c U6a U6a M6c M6c Agrostis capillaris 3 Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera 5 Ajuga reptans Anthoanthum odoratum Atrichum undulatum Aulacomnium palustre Bellis perennis Betula sp seedling Blechnum spicant Breutelia chrysocoma 4 Calluna vulgaris 4 Calypogeia fissa Care binervis Care demissa 2 Care echinata 3 3 Care nigra Care panicea Care pulicaris Cerastium fontanum Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscuula Cladonia portentosa Cladonia uncialis 2 Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Danthonia decumbens Deschamsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa 4 Digitalis purpurea Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Drosera rotundifolia 1 Eleocharis quinqueflora Empetrum nigrum Erica cinerea Erica tetrali Eriophorum angustifolium 2 4 Eriophorum vaginatum 2 Euphrasia Eurhynchium praelongum Festuca ovina Festuca ovina/rubra Festuca rubra Festuca vivipara/ovina Festuca vivipara Filipendula ulmaria Frullania tamarisci Galium saatile 3 3

144 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities U5c U5c U6a U6a M6c M6c Holcus lanatus Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non-scripta Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme 4 Hypnum jutlandicum Hypogymnia physodes Juncus acutiflorus Juncus articulatus 2 3 Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus 8 9 Juncus squarrosus 8 8 Leontodon autumnalis Leucobryum glaucum Linum catharticum Lophocolea bidentata 2 Lycopodium clavatum Lysimachia nemorum Luzula multiflora Molinia caerulea 3 1 Nardus stricta Narthecium ossifragum 3 Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Parnassia palustris Pedicularis sylvatica 2 2 Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum 4 4 Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi 4 Polygala serpyllifolia 2 Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum 4 Potentilla erecta Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleropodium purum 3 Pteridium aquilinum 2 Ptilium crista-castrensis Racomitrium lanuginosum 4 4 Ranunculus acris Rhinanthus minor Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus 3 Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Sali aurita seedling Saifraga aizoides

145 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities U5c U5c U6a U6a M6c M6c Selaginella selaginoides Sphagnum auriculatum Sphagnum capillifolium 4 Sphagnum cuspidatum Sphagnum palustre 3 4 Sphagnum papillosum Sphagnum recurvum 3 Sphagnum subnitens Succisa pratensis Teucrium scorodonia Thuidium tamariscinum 1 Trichophorum cespitosum 4 Trifolium repens Triglochin palustre Thymus praeco Vaccinium myrtillus 5 4 Vaccinium vitis-idaea 2 4 Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Viola palustris 1 Viola riviniana 1 Bare ground/stones

146 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities U4a U4a U4a U4a U4a Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina 5 4 Agrostis stolonifera 5 Ajuga reptans 2 Anthoanthum odoratum Atrichum undulatum Aulacomnium palustre Bellis perennis Betula sp seedling Blechnum spicant 2 Breutelia chrysocoma Calluna vulgaris 5 Calypogeia fissa Care binervis 2 Care demissa Care echinata 4 Care nigra 5 Care panicea 5 Care pulicaris 3 Cerastium fontanum Cirsium palustre 1 Cladonia arbuscuula Cladonia portentosa Cladonia uncialis Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus 4 2 Danthonia decumbens Deschamsia cespitosa 2 Deschampsia fleuosa Digitalis purpurea Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium 4 Drosera rotundifolia Eleocharis quinqueflora Empetrum nigrum Erica cinerea Erica tetrali Eriophorum angustifolium Eriophorum vaginatum Euphrasia 3 Eurhynchium praelongum Festuca ovina 2 3 Festuca ovina/rubra 5 4 Festuca rubra 5 Festuca vivipara/ovina Festuca vivipara Filipendula ulmaria Frullania tamarisci Galium saatile Holcus lanatus 5

147 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities U4a U4a U4a U4a U4a Holcus mollis 5 Hyacinthoides non-scripta 1 Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum 2 Hypnum cupressiforme 5 4 Hypnum jutlandicum Hypogymnia physodes Juncus acutiflorus Juncus articulatus 4 Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus Juncus squarrosus Leontodon autumnalis Leucobryum glaucum Linum catharticum Lophocolea bidentata 3 Lycopodium clavatum Lysimachia nemorum Luzula multiflora 1 Molinia caerulea 5 4 Nardus stricta 6 Narthecium ossifragum 2 Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella 5 Parnassia palustris 2 Pedicularis sylvatica Plagiomnium undulatum 3 Plagiothecium undulatum 3 Plantago lanceolata 4 2 Pleurozium schreberi Polygala serpyllifolia 1 Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum 2 Potentilla erecta 3 3 Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleropodium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Racomitrium lanuginosum Ranunculus acris Rhinanthus minor Rhizomnium punctatum 2 Rhytidiadelphus loreus 4 Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Sali aurita seedling 2 Saifraga aizoides Selaginella selaginoides 1 Sphagnum auriculatum

148 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities U4a U4a U4a U4a U4a Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum cuspidatum Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum papillosum Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Succisa pratensis 4 4 Teucrium scorodonia Thuidium tamariscinum 5 4 Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens 2 3 Triglochin palustre Thymus praeco Vaccinium myrtillus 4 Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Viola palustris Viola riviniana 4 2 Bare ground/stones

149 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities M25a M25a M25a M25a M25a Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina 5 Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga reptans Anthoanthum odoratum 5 1 Atrichum undulatum Aulacomnium palustre 1 Bellis perennis Betula sp seedling Blechnum spicant Breutelia chrysocoma 3 3 Calluna vulgaris Calypogeia fissa 2 Care binervis Care demissa 1 Care echinata Care nigra Care panicea 3 2 Care pulicaris Cerastium fontanum Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscuula Cladonia portentosa Cladonia uncialis Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus 4 Danthonia decumbens Deschamsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Digitalis purpurea Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Drosera rotundifolia 2 Eleocharis quinqueflora Empetrum nigrum Erica cinerea Erica tetrali Eriophorum angustifolium Eriophorum vaginatum Euphrasia Eurhynchium praelongum Festuca ovina Festuca ovina/rubra Festuca rubra Festuca vivipara/ovina Festuca vivipara Filipendula ulmaria 2 Frullania tamarisci Galium saatile Holcus lanatus 6

150 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities M25a M25a M25a M25a M25a Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non-scripta Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Hypogymnia physodes Juncus acutiflorus 1 Juncus articulatus 1 1 Juncus bulbosus 3 Juncus effusus Juncus squarrosus Leontodon autumnalis Leucobryum glaucum Linum catharticum Lophocolea bidentata Lycopodium clavatum Lysimachia nemorum 4 Luzula multiflora Molinia caerulea Nardus stricta 2 5 Narthecium ossifragum Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Parnassia palustris 1 Pedicularis sylvatica Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum 3 Plantago lanceolata 2 Pleurozium schreberi Polygala serpyllifolia Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris 2 Pseudoscleropodium purum 3 3 Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Racomitrium lanuginosum Ranunculus acris Rhinanthus minor Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus 5 Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus 4 3 Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Sali aurita seedling Saifraga aizoides Selaginella selaginoides Sphagnum auriculatum 1

151 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities M25a M25a M25a M25a M25a Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum cuspidatum 2 Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum papillosum 5 Sphagnum recurvum 5 4 Sphagnum subnitens 2 Succisa pratensis Teucrium scorodonia Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum 1 Trifolium repens 2 Triglochin palustre 1 Thymus praeco Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Viola palustris Viola riviniana Bare ground/stones

152 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities M19a M19a M19a M19a M19a Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga reptans Anthoanthum odoratum Atrichum undulatum Aulacomnium palustre Bellis perennis Betula sp seedling Blechnum spicant Breutelia chrysocoma 3 Calluna vulgaris Calypogeia fissa Care binervis Care demissa Care echinata Care nigra 1 Care panicea Care pulicaris Cerastium fontanum Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscuula 2 Cladonia portentosa 1 Cladonia uncialis Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Danthonia decumbens Deschamsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Digitalis purpurea Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium 1 Drosera rotundifolia Eleocharis quinqueflora Empetrum nigrum Erica cinerea Erica tetrali 2 4 Eriophorum angustifolium Eriophorum vaginatum Euphrasia Eurhynchium praelongum Festuca ovina Festuca ovina/rubra Festuca rubra Festuca vivipara/ovina Festuca vivipara Filipendula ulmaria Frullania tamarisci Galium saatile 2 Holcus lanatus

153 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities M19a M19a M19a M19a M19a Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non-scripta Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum 2 Hypogymnia physodes Juncus acutiflorus Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus 1 Juncus squarrosus 2 2 Leontodon autumnalis Leucobryum glaucum Linum catharticum Lophocolea bidentata Lycopodium clavatum Lysimachia nemorum Luzula multiflora Molinia caerulea Nardus stricta 4 Narthecium ossifragum 4 4 Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Parnassia palustris Pedicularis sylvatica Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi Polygala serpyllifolia 1 Polytrichum commune 3 Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleropodium purum 3 2 Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis 3 Racomitrium lanuginosum 1 Ranunculus acris Rhinanthus minor Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus 3 3 Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Sali aurita seedling Saifraga aizoides Selaginella selaginoides Sphagnum auriculatum

154 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities M19a M19a M19a M19a M19a Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum cuspidatum Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum papillosum Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Succisa pratensis Teucrium scorodonia 1 Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum 4 Trifolium repens Triglochin palustre Thymus praeco Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea 3 2 Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Viola palustris Viola riviniana Bare ground/stones

155 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities M15b M15b M15b M15b M15b Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera Ajuga reptans Anthoanthum odoratum Atrichum undulatum Aulacomnium palustre Bellis perennis Betula sp seedling Blechnum spicant Breutelia chrysocoma Calluna vulgaris Calypogeia fissa Care binervis Care demissa Care echinata Care nigra Care panicea Care pulicaris Cerastium fontanum Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscuula Cladonia portentosa Cladonia uncialis Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Danthonia decumbens Deschamsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Digitalis purpurea Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Drosera rotundifolia 2 Eleocharis quinqueflora Empetrum nigrum 1 1 Erica cinerea Erica tetrali 4 4 Eriophorum angustifolium Eriophorum vaginatum Euphrasia Eurhynchium praelongum Festuca ovina Festuca ovina/rubra Festuca rubra Festuca vivipara/ovina Festuca vivipara Filipendula ulmaria Frullania tamarisci Galium saatile Holcus lanatus

156 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities M15b M15b M15b M15b M15b Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non-scripta Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Hypogymnia physodes Juncus acutiflorus Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus Juncus squarrosus Leontodon autumnalis Leucobryum glaucum Linum catharticum Lophocolea bidentata Lycopodium clavatum Lysimachia nemorum Luzula multiflora Molinia caerulea Nardus stricta 5 4 Narthecium ossifragum 4 4 Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Parnassia palustris Pedicularis sylvatica Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi Polygala serpyllifolia Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta 3 Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleropodium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Racomitrium lanuginosum Ranunculus acris Rhinanthus minor Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus 3 Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Sali aurita seedling Saifraga aizoides Selaginella selaginoides Sphagnum auriculatum

157 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities M15b M15b M15b M15b M15b Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum cuspidatum Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum papillosum Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Succisa pratensis Teucrium scorodonia Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens Triglochin palustre Thymus praeco Vaccinium myrtillus 1 Vaccinium vitis-idaea 1 Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Viola palustris Viola riviniana Bare ground/stones

158 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities H10a H10a H10a H10a H10a H12a H12a Agrostis capillaris 4 5 Agrostis canina 3 Agrostis stolonifera 5 Ajuga reptans Anthoanthum odoratum Atrichum undulatum Aulacomnium palustre Bellis perennis Betula sp seedling 2 1 Blechnum spicant 4 Breutelia chrysocoma Calluna vulgaris Calypogeia fissa Care binervis 3 2 Care demissa Care echinata Care nigra Care panicea Care pulicaris Cerastium fontanum Cirsium palustre Cladonia arbuscuula Cladonia portentosa Cladonia uncialis 3 3 Ctenidium molluscum Cynosurus cristatus Danthonia decumbens 1 Deschamsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Digitalis purpurea Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium Drosera rotundifolia Eleocharis quinqueflora Empetrum nigrum Erica cinerea Erica tetrali Eriophorum angustifolium Eriophorum vaginatum Euphrasia 2 Eurhynchium praelongum Festuca ovina 4 Festuca ovina/rubra 2 4 Festuca rubra 4 Festuca vivipara/ovina Festuca vivipara Filipendula ulmaria Frullania tamarisci Galium saatile Holcus lanatus

159 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities H10a H10a H10a H10a H10a H12a H12a Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non-scripta Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Hypogymnia physodes 1 Juncus acutiflorus Juncus articulatus Juncus bulbosus Juncus effusus Juncus squarrosus Leontodon autumnalis 1 Leucobryum glaucum 1 Linum catharticum Lophocolea bidentata Lycopodium clavatum 1 4 Lysimachia nemorum Luzula multiflora 1 Molinia caerulea Nardus stricta 5 4 Narthecium ossifragum Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Parnassia palustris Pedicularis sylvatica Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi Polygala serpyllifolia Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum 2 1 Potentilla erecta Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleropodium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Racomitrium lanuginosum 1 Ranunculus acris Rhinanthus minor Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus 4 1 Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus 4 Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Sali aurita seedling Saifraga aizoides Selaginella selaginoides Sphagnum auriculatum

160 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities H10a H10a H10a H10a H10a H12a H12a Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum cuspidatum Sphagnum palustre Sphagnum papillosum Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Succisa pratensis Teucrium scorodonia Thuidium tamariscinum Trichophorum cespitosum Trifolium repens Triglochin palustre Thymus praeco Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis Viola palustris Viola riviniana 2 3 Bare ground/stones

161 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities CG10a CG10a CG10a CG10a M11b M11b M11b Agrostis capillaris Agrostis canina Agrostis stolonifera 2 Ajuga reptans Anthoanthum odoratum Atrichum undulatum Aulacomnium palustre Bellis perennis 6 Betula sp seedling Blechnum spicant 2 Breutelia chrysocoma Calluna vulgaris 4 1 Calypogeia fissa Care binervis 4 Care demissa Care echinata 3 Care nigra Care panicea Care pulicaris Cerastium fontanum 2 Cirsium palustre 4 Cladonia arbuscuula Cladonia portentosa Cladonia uncialis Ctenidium molluscum 3 5 Cynosurus cristatus Danthonia decumbens Deschamsia cespitosa Deschampsia fleuosa Digitalis purpurea Dicranum majus Dicranum scoparium 2 1 Drosera rotundifolia 1 2 Eleocharis quinqueflora 3 2 Empetrum nigrum Erica cinerea Erica tetrali Eriophorum angustifolium Eriophorum vaginatum Euphrasia Eurhynchium praelongum Festuca ovina Festuca ovina/rubra Festuca rubra 5 Festuca vivipara/ovina 4 Festuca vivipara 5 Filipendula ulmaria Frullania tamarisci 1 Galium saatile

162 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities CG10a CG10a CG10a CG10a M11b M11b M11b Holcus lanatus 3 2 Holcus mollis Hyacinthoides non-scripta Hylocomium splendens Hypericum pulchrum Hypnum cupressiforme Hypnum jutlandicum Hypogymnia physodes Juncus acutiflorus Juncus articulatus 4 4 Juncus bulbosus 2 Juncus effusus Juncus squarrosus Leontodon autumnalis 4 Leucobryum glaucum Linum catharticum Lophocolea bidentata 2 Lycopodium clavatum Lysimachia nemorum 1 Luzula multiflora Molinia caerulea Nardus stricta Narthecium ossifragum 3 2 Oreopteris limbosperma Oalis acetosella Parnassia palustris 2 3 Pedicularis sylvatica Plagiomnium undulatum Plagiothecium undulatum Plantago lanceolata Pleurozium schreberi Polygala serpyllifolia Polytrichum commune Polytrichum formosum Potentilla erecta Primula vulgaris Prunella vulgaris Pseudoscleropodium purum Pteridium aquilinum Ptilium crista-castrensis Racomitrium lanuginosum 4 Ranunculus acris Rhinanthus minor 1 Rhizomnium punctatum Rhytidiadelphus loreus 4 Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Sali aurita seedling Saifraga aizoides 3 4 4

163 TARFF POINT DATA Non-woodland communities CG10a CG10a CG10a CG10a M11b M11b M11b Selaginella selaginoides Sphagnum auriculatum Sphagnum capillifolium Sphagnum cuspidatum Sphagnum palustre 1 Sphagnum papillosum Sphagnum recurvum Sphagnum subnitens Succisa pratensis Teucrium scorodonia Thuidium tamariscinum 3 5 Trichophorum cespitosum 1 Trifolium repens Triglochin palustre Thymus praeco Vaccinium myrtillus 3 Vaccinium vitis-idaea Veronica chamaedrys Veronica officinalis 4 Viola palustris 4 Viola riviniana 4 3 Bare ground/stones 40% 15%

164 NESS WOODS SAC PHOTOGRAPHS UID of Jpeg Eastings Northings Anne 1 Habitat Subject NWR H91AO W11 with Corylus avellana dominant East Tarff NWR H91AO W11 at woodland edge with Crataegus monogyna and unusually for this community Ulmus glabra East Tarff NWR H9180 and H91AO W17 (foreground) and W9. W17 with Pteridium aquilinum and ericoid dwarf shrubs. W9 with Ulmus glabra which is frequent in this community at Invergarigaig.The planted Spruce stands are outside the Inverfarigaig SSSI and are adjacent to W9 woodland. NWR H9180 and H91AO W17 edge with W9. Populus tremula frequent at Inverfarigaig is prominent.the Ulmus ( right of aspen snag) is in W9.Road is site edge NWR H91AO W17 (including W17a in a typical site for this sub community at Easter Ness) with cliffs. NWR H91AO W17 with Calluna. Prunus spinosa (thicket centre of picture) is unusual in W17. At Inverfarigaig P. spinosa is often as here partially protected by rocky terrain. NWR H91AO W17 with tall Vaccinium myrtillus and Pteridium aquilinum NWR H91AO W11 with Frainus ecelsior regeneration and Quercus

165

166

167

168