Pages 63 Monday May 01, 2017

Transcription

1 Pages 6 Notebook check: Biome basics and A Modern Desert Biome Warm up: Copy the graph below, title it Defining factor a biome: temperature and precipitation

2 Pages 6 an based on regarding Learning scale: Identify abiotic and biotic. Explain how biotic and are transformed and travel through an. the energy required to transform traveling through an, differentiate between energy cycling through and energy lost from an. Make predications regarding long term an based on regarding energy consumption/production a population and the ability to convert between and energy. Student s self-evaluation: Complete at home or at the end class, use the --- Learning scale (two to three sentences). Homework: none

3 Pages 6 Biome: a major regional terrestrial community with its own type climate, vegetation, and animal life Ecotone: boundary between two biomes Biomes are defined by the changes in temperature and precipitation in a region. Global biomes: Tropical rainforest Savanna Temperate rain-forest Temperate forest Boreal forest Shrubland/Chaparral Temperate grassland Desert Tundra

4 Pages 6 In California biomes change with latitude In Arizona biomes change with altitude

5 Pages 6 TUNDRA: treeless low (less than m) vegetation with short perennials, water frozen. Typical plants include sedges, lichens, mosses, grasses, and dwarf woody plants. Typical animals include snowy owls, musk ox, reindeer, polar bears, and migrant birds. Very cold, ten dry climate, but with permanently frozen ground creating saturated soils during summer months. Freeze-thaw cycles fell trees.

6 Pages 6 BOREAL FOREST (TAIGA): dense evergreen needle-leafed forest Typical plants include white spruce, black spruce, and jack pine. Typical animals include moose, black bears, wolves, and migrant birds. Cold winters with deep snow, but longer growing season than tundra. Warm-month average temperature greater than 0 o C. Periodic fires common.

7 Pages 6 TEMPERATE FOREST: dense forest with thin, broad, deciduous leaves; or rainforests typically dominated by conifers. Tall trees with single boles creating deep shade. Understories ten sparse. Typical plants include maples, oaks, elms (deciduous) spruce or auraucaria (rainforest). Typical animals include deer and squirrels. Freezing winters and warm, wet summers and a longer growing season than the boreal forest.

8 Pages 6 GRASSLANDS (STEPPE): treeless vegetation less than m high. Typical plants include grasses and members the sunflower family. Woody plants predominate in steppes. Typical animals include large grazing ungulates such as horses, buffalo, and rhinoceros. Cold or warm winters with growing seasons moisture too dry for trees; fires every -5 years.

9 Pages 65 WOODLAND (CHAPARRAL): sparse to dense woody vegetation low trees and shrubs, typically with very thick, tough evergreen leaves. Summers with little rain, fires every 5-0 years. Typical plants include oaks, manzanita, chamise, low pines, and junipers. Typical animals include birds and reptiles.

10 Pages 65 DESERT: sparse drought-resistant vegetation, typically spiny and with tiny leaves and photosynthetic bark. Typical plants include cactuses, acacias and short-lived annuals. Typical animals include reptiles and ground-dwelling rodents. Precipitation low (less than 50 mm/yr) and evapotransporation high (more than 50 mm/yr). Temperature generally high. Fires generally are rare due to low biomass.

11 Pages 65 TROPICAL DECIDUOUS FOREST AND SAVANNAH: thorny forest, woodlands, or scattered trees, many which loose leaves during the dry season. Typical plants include acacias and grasses. Typical animals include giraffes and elephants. Warm frost-free winters, hot usually-wet summers, and a pronounced dry season. Fire and grazing are important vegetation-forming processes.

12 Pages 65 TROPICAL RAIN FOREST: Dense tall evergreen forest. Typical plants include strangler figs and tree ferns. Typical animals include snakes and birds. Mild frost-free winters and summers with year-round rain.

13 Pages 65 Temperate rain forest: water and high humidity allow for a wide range plants to grow in the biome: small mosses and fern to large pine trees. The Conifers (pine tree) are better able to shed snow and survive freezing temperature versus broad leaf trees. There are considerably fewer animal species in the temperate rainforest compared to the tropical forests.

14 Degrees Fahrenheit Degrees Celsius Pages 66 Climatogram: Standard intervals for the primary and secondary Y-Axis when creating a Climatogram: English (Fahrenheit and Inches) and Metric (Celsius and Centimeters) measurements J F M A M J J A S O N D Months 0 0 Inches Precipitation 0 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D Months Centimeters Precipitation