OVERVIEW of VEGETATION, DYNAMICS, DISTURBANCE and RECOVERY STUDIES in the NADYM and YAMAl AREAS NATALIYA MOSKALENKO
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1 OVERVIEW of VEGETATION, DYNAMICS, DISTURBANCE and RECOVERY STUDIES in the NADYM and YAMAl AREAS NATALIYA MOSKALENKO Earth Cryosphere Institute SB RAS
2 YAMAL PLANT COMMUNITY MAP SUBZONE D Marre-Sale grid
3 . Map unit Description Communities Zone B 9 Moist acidic moss-sedge tundra 5 Wet acidic moss - sedge mire Zone C 24 Dry acidic prostrate dwarf shru b-sedge - lichen tundra 27 Moist acidic sedge -moss tundra 32 Moist nonacidic and acidic prostrate dwarf shrub -sedge - moss tundra 33 Wet acidic sedge -grassmoss mire 35 Wet saline grass - sedge meadows 38 Riparian acidic sedge -moss bogs and willow -forb shrublands Aulacomnium turgidum - Carex arctisibirica Calliergon sarmentosum - Carex stans+eriophorum polystachion Salix nummularia -Carex arctisibirica -Alectoria ochroleuca Cetraria cucullata - Hierochloe alpina Carex arctisibirica - Aulacomnium turgidum Dryas subincisa+salix polaris -Carex arctisibirica - Dicranum elongatum Carex stans -Calliergon sarmentosum+drepano - cladus exannulatus Carex stans+eriophorum polystachion -Calliergon sarmentosum+sphagnum squarrosum Puccinellia phryganodes - Carex subspathacea Carex stans + Eriophorum polystachion -Calliergon sarmentosum Salix glauca -Pedicularis sudetica LEGEND OF PLANT COMMUNITY MAP Zone D 43 Dry acidic dwarf shrub - lichen tundra 44 Dry acidic dwarf shrub - moss -lichen tundra 5 Moist acidic dwarf shrub - sedge-moss tundra 58 Moist nonacidic prostrate dwarf shrub - low shrub - forb -moss tundra 65 Wet acidic sedge-dwarf shrub -moss mire 69 Riparian acidic sedgemoss mire and low shrub -sedgemoss tundra Salix nummularia +Dryas subincisa - Cetraria cucullata Ledum decumbens - Vaccinium minus - Cetraria cucullata + Racomitrium lanuginosum Betula nana -Carex arctisibirica -Dicranum congestum+ Aulacomnium turgidum Eriophorum vaginatum -Sphagnum lenense Dryas punctata - Saxifraga nels oniana - Dicranum congestum Salix glauca+salix lanata -Petasites frigidus -Aulacomnium palustre Carex aquatilis - Drepanocladus exannulatus+d. fluitans Ledum decumbens - Carex stans -Sphagnum lenense Carex stans - Drepanocladus revolvens -Meesia triquerta Salix lanata+salix glauca -Carex stans - Aulacomnium turgidum + Tomentypnum nitens Zone E 76 Dry acidic dwarf shrub - sedge -lichen - moss tundra 78 Dry nonacidic low shrub - prostrate dwarf shrub - forb-lichen - moss tundra 82 Moist acidic dwarf shrub - sedge -moss - lichen tu ndra 83 Moist acidic dwarf shrub - low shrub - forb-moss - lichen tundra 94 Wet acidic low shrub - dwarf shrub - sedge-forbmoss-lichen mire Ledum decumbens - Vaccinium vitis - idaea+empetrum subholarcticum -Cladina mitis Dryas subincisa -Carex arctisibirica -Cladina rangiferina+racomitriu m lanuginosum Dryas subincisa +Diapensia lapponica - Pedicularis sudetica - Alectoria ochroleuca + Racomitrium lanuginosum Salix glauca+s. lanata - Petasites frigidus - Aulacomnium palustre Betula nana+salix pulchra -Aulacomnium turgidum+dicranum elongatum+cladina \stellaris Eriophorum vaginatum - Sphagnum balticum Betula nana -Dryas punctata - Aulacomnium turgidum+cladina stellaris Salix lanata -Vaccinium microphyllum - Polemonium acutiflorum - Aulacomnium palustre Salix lapponum -Betula nana-carex aquatilis - Calliergon stramineum+ Sphagnum lindbergii Ledum palustre+ Eriophorum vaginatum - Rubus chamaemorus - Sphagnum fuscum+ Cladina stellaris
4 Polygonal Polygonal bog bog on on Yamal Yamal
5 Ledum palustre
6 Cladina stellaris Cladina stellaris
7 Cetraria nivalis Cetraria nivalis
8 Frequency of plant communities in Yamal subzones Frequency, B Frequency, 6 C Map unit Map unit Frequency, D Frequency, E Map unit Map unit
9 Interactions between plant communities and soil moisture andpermafrost temperature. Moisture content (W), mm Permafrost temperature(t), C W -5 T MAP UNITS
10 Vegetation map of Nadym region
11 LEGEND OF NADYM VEGETATION MAP Plant communities Forest: - birch-larch and birch -pine shrub -lichen sparse forests on dry gentle sandy sites; 5 - larch sedge -shrub - moss open woodland with hummocky microrelief on slightly drained sites; 6 - spruce -larch shrub -lichen -green moss forests on dry sites of plains, composed by clay; 7 - spruce -larch shrub -moss sparse forests and open woodland on slightly drained sites, composed by clay with hummocky microrelief and small active layer thickness; 9 - spruce - birch-larch shrub -sedge -moss forest s on flood plains; - spruce -larch sedge -shrub -peat moss open wood on flat boggy flood plains with hummocks; - sands, deprived the vegetation cover on disturbed sites; 4 cedar -birch forb-shrub forests on flood plains ; 5 cedar -birch grass-shrub -moss forests on flood plains ; 7 settlements on early forestry sites. Meadows: 33 forb grass; 36 spits and beaches with fragments of meadow vegetation. Mires: 37 - sedge -moss mires; 38 - shrub -sedge -peat moss hummocky bogs with lenses of frozen g rounds. Peatlands: 43 - flat cloudberry -shrub lichen -moss and moss -lichen peatlands with sedge -moss pools; 45 - peatlands with sedge -shrub -moss-lichen cover on palsa and sedge -peat moss - on pools between palsa. Red lines linear and area disturbances.
12 Flat peatland before disturbance
13 Flat peatland in 3 years after disturbance
14 T, _ THAWING INDEX ( C.month) OF AIR TEMPERATURES y = -,75x 2 + 3,93x R 2 =, YEARS SUMMER PRECIPITATION Flat peatland Ledum palustre Precipitations,mm FREQUENCY OF LEDUM IN NATURAL () AND DISTURBED (2) CONDITIONS y = -,232x ,865x R 2 =,8 8 6 y = -,72x ,36x R 2 =, YEARS y =,3x 2-56,6x R 2 =, YEARS
15 Frequency of plant growth forms within flat peatland in subzone D I IY Y II III YI I not disturbed, II in the year of disturbance, III 3 years after disturbance, IY 6 years after disturbance, Y 8 years after disturbance, YI 8 years after disturbance. - Chamaephytes, 2 hemicryptophytes, 3 cryptophytes.
16 Frequency of plant growth forms within flat peatland in typical tundra (subzone D) 8 I 5 4 II 4 III IY Y YI I not disturbed, II in the year of disturbance, III 3 years after disturbance, IY 6 years after disturbance, Y 8 years after disturbance, YI 8 years after disturbance. - Chamaephytes, 2 hemicryptophytes, 3 cryptophytes.
17 Aboveground plant biomass of hummocky tundra in natural (a) and disturbed (b) conditions (Nadym site) g/m species a b g/m species a b Vascular plants - Ledum palustre, 2 Betula nana, 3 -Vaccinium vitis-idaea, 4 Carex globularis Lichens and mosses Cladina, 2 Sphagnum, 3 - Polytrichum
18 Autocorrelation coefficient (А) for Polytrichum commune and air temperature (В) B
19 A Vegetation horizontal structure of frost mound in natural (A) and disturbed (B) conditions B Microrelief: - Flat surface - dishes - hummocks Microrelief: - hummocks - peat hummocks - sandy surface - tussocks - water
20 А Soil temperature ( C) at the depth 2 cm А Frost mound before disturbance B B Frost mound after disturbance
21 Active -layer and frequency of indicator species in subzone D. Active layer and frequency of indicator species on Parisento station Active layer thickness, cm (992) Alectoria (frequency, ) Rubus chamaemorus (frequency,) 4 3 Sphaerophorus globosus (frequency,) Eriophorum vaginatum (frequency,) Cetraria nivalis (frequency,)
22 Rate of vegetation recovery after disturbance Rate of vegetation recovery Flat plains Fast (8-) Slow (6-8) Very slow (3-5) Hilly plains hills ravines Slow Fast Very slow Very slow Fast Slow
23 SUMMARY Vegetation of West Siberia North finds out essential floristic and physiognomy differences caused by geological and climatic features of this region. Only mire and halophyte plant communities in different subzones find out significant similarity. The analysis of the compiled vegetation maps has allowed studding spatial structure of vegetation at different levels of research - from regional up to local. Repeated mapping has enabled to investigate vegetation dynamics under impact of anthropogenic factor. The ecological factors determining development of plant communities are revealed on materials of long-term stationary observations, and also revealed the parameters describing changes of vegetation as a result of climatic changes and anthropogenic impact (species structure, coverage, frequency, biomass). The water and thermal regime of soil are the main environmental factors in development of West Siberia plant communities. Studying interactions of different ecosystem components has allowed revealing geobotanical indicators of seasonal thaw depths.
24 Спасибо за внимание THANK YOU
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