Education B.S Wake Forest University Ph.D Michigan State University

Transcription

1 Donald R. Ort Photosynthesis Research Unit, USDA/ARS Departments of Plant Biology and Crop Science and University of Illinois 1406 IGB, 1206 W. Gregory Drive Urbana, IL (217) Education B.S Wake Forest University Ph.D Michigan State University Professional Experience Postdoctoral Associate, Purdue Univ Postdoctoral Associate, Univ. of Washington 1978-present Asst., Assoc., Full Professor, Depts. of Plant Biology and Crop Sciences, Univ. of Illinois 1978-present Plant Physiologist and Research Leader, Photosynthesis Research Unit, USDA/ARS Visiting Professor, Essex Univ., Colchester, UK Director, School of Life Sciences, Univ. of Illinois Campus Budget Oversight Committee, Univ. of Illinois Associate Head, Dept Plant Biology, Univ. of Illinois Visiting Professor, Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ 2004-present Theme Leader, Institute of Genomic Biology, Univ. of Illinois Current and Recent Professional Activities President, International Society for Photosynthesis Research ( ) American Society of Plant Biologists Board of Trustees ( ) President American Society of Plant Biologists ( ) Associate Editor, Photosynthesis Research ( ) Consulting Editor, Advances in Photosynthesis (1996-present) BARD Technical Advisory Committee ( ) Editorial Committee Annual Reviews of Plant Biology ( ) Editor-in-Chief, Plant Physiology ( ) Editorial Board, Tropical Plant Biology Consulting Editor, Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration International Advisory Board, Environment Control in Biology DOE Energy Biosciences Panel member Membership in Professional Societies American Society of Plant Biologists American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology International Society of Photosynthesis Research Agronomy Society

2 Honors and Awards National Institutes of Health National Postdoctoral Service Award - 6/75 to 6/77 ARS Sabbatical Fellowship Award - 9/86 to 9/87 University of Illinois University Scholars Award - 9/86 USDA Merit Awards , 1988 through 2006 Midwest Area Senior Research Scientist of the Year Award 1993 ARS Supergrade Scientist 2003 College of ACES Distinquished Service Award 2005 College of ACES Team Research Award 2006 American Society of Plant Biologists Kettering Award 2006 Summary of University Service Current activities * University Scholars Selection Committee * Graduate College Fellowship Board Executive Committee * Critical Initiatives in Research and Scholarship (CIRS) Program Committee * Institute of Genomic Biology Theme Leader and Exec Committee * Crop Sciences Advisory Committee * SoyFACE Director Highlights of Past activities: since 1994 * , Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Physiological & Molecular Plant Biology Chair * , Interim Director of the School of Life Sciences * , Campus Budget Oversight Committee * , Beckman Institute Coordinating Committee * 1997, ACES Assoc Dean of Research Search Committee * , Associate Head Plant Biology * , ACES South Farms Relocation and Revitalization Committee * , Academic Misconduct Investigation Panel Chair * , Graduate College Fellowship Board Area IV Committee Current and Recent Advisory and Consultant Activities Federal funding agency panels * BRCD Scientific Advisory Committee * 1997, DOE Advisory Panel on Production of Biomass and Waste Management for Atmospheric Carbon Management * BARD Technical Advisory Committee * 1998, NASA Gravitational Biology Program Advisory Panel * , BARD Field Crops and Horticulture Panel Chair * , NRI Plant Biochemistry Panel * 2005, DOE/BES Committee of Visitors * 2005, DOE Solar Energy Workshop * 2006, DOE Energy BioSciences Panel

3 International Photosynthesis Congress * International Organizing Committee * Chair Constitution Subcommittee 1993 * Secretary of International Society for Photosynthesis Research * President of International Society for Photosynthesis Research * Past President of International Society for Photosynthesis Research * Chair, International Congress Program Committee Vice-Chair of 1995 and Chair of 1997 Gordon Research Conference on Temperature Stress in Plants Chairman of 1998 Midwest Conference of Photosynthesis, Marshall, IN NRC Polar Biology Workshop, 2002 USDA/ARS National Program Assessment Committee Chair, 2004 Research Integrity Investigation Panel Chair, University of Illinois 2004 Advisor, Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 2006 Current Research Interests Over the past two decades, my research interests have focused on the effect that specific environmental factors and abiotic stresses have on the photosynthetic performance of crop plants. Currently my research team of post-doctoral associates and predoctoral graduate students are investigating the molecular and biochemical basis of the chilling sensitivity of warm climate crops and the interactions of crop plant photosynthesis with the rapid changes that are occurring in the atmosphere. Cool temperatures and warm climate crops. Many important agronomic species grown in temperate climates have been imported from warmer tropical and subtropical habitats (e.g., corn, soybean, cotton, tomato). Unlike native temperate climate species, most plants from warm climate evolutionary origins have very little capacity to acclimate to cool much less freezing temperatures. Because the cool temperature sensitivity of these crops plays a central role in determining the growing range as well as annual variations in their economic success, there is intense interest in discovering the mechanistic bases for low temperature sensitivity. It is hoped that by defining the primary chilling-induced lesions that cause the metabolic dysfunctions in warm climate plants that it will be possible to devise strategies to minimize the sensitivity. However, the relevant physiological basis of chilling sensitivity depends critically on the seasonal climatic conditions of the target growing region, whether the low temperature episodes occur at night or in the light, as well as on the species of warm climate plant under consideration. These issues are considered in devising a research strategy to understand the underlying mechanisms of chilling sensitivity. Impacts of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide and tropospheric ozone on photosynthesis and productivity of soybean and corn. Corn-Soybean is the largest ecosystem in the US, dominating the Midwest. I am co-pi of SoyFACE ( a unique open-air laboratory that uses fast-feedback control technology to treat large fully replicated areas with future predicted levels of CO2, ozone, and soil moisture. This facility provides multi-user training and research on

4 topics from soil microbes and gene expression to regional economies, carbon cycle and atmosphere. My research group is investigating the effects of atmospheric change on photosynthesis and canopy energy balance, as well as the interaction of increased atmospheric CO2 and drought. Genomic Ecology of Global Change. How ecosystems will respond to rapid changes in climate represents one of the great scientific challenges of this century. Human activities are altering the composition of our atmosphere (CO2 and O3), affecting the Earth's climate system (elevated temperature and water deficits) and introducing invasive species, thus altering the capacity of native and agro-ecosystems to provide critical goods and services including food, fiber, fuel, clean air and water. Though the phenomenology of ecosystem responses to elements of global change is receiving considerable attention, it has been predominantly limited to descriptive research at the level of the individual. The University of Illinois has established the only facility worldwide for studying the simultaneous effects of rising carbon dioxide, ozone, and drought on plants under completely open-air conditions. We are therefore in a unique position to establish an internationally unique research program to examine the effects of global atmospheric change on the transcriptome and proteome of agro-ecosystems. The aim of the Genomic Ecology of Global Change theme within the Institute of Genomic Biology is to produce the scientific foundation enabling the use of information obtainable at the level of genomes and proteomes of species and communities to predict the effect of environmental changes on the structure and function of ecosystems. Mathematical modeling and bioinformatics provide the conceptual foundation and data analysis tools for making sound scientific inference. To achieve this aim we have assembled an interdisciplinary team of eight faculty spanning molecular to ecological research, within an overarching link of mathematical modeling and informatics. Publications (2000 to present) * Hutchison RS, Groom Q, Ort DR (2000) Differential effects of chilling-induced photooxidation on the redox regulation of photosynthetic enzymes. Biochemistry 39, * Singsaas E, Ort DR, DeLucia E (2000) Variation in measured values of photosynthetic quantum yield in ecophysiological studies. Oecologia 128, * Ort DR (2001) When there is too much light. Plant Physiol. 125, * Allen DJ, Ort DR (2001) Impacts of chilling temperatures on photosynthesis in warm-climate crops. Trends Plant Sci 6, * Ort DR (2002) Chilling-induced limitations on photosynthesis in warm climate plants: Contrasting mechanisms. Environ Control Biol. 40, 7-18 * Tucker DE, Ort DR (2002) Low temperature induces expression of nitrate reductase in tomato that temporarily overrides circadian regulation of activity. Photosynth Res: 72: * Ort DR, Baker NR (2002) Photoprotection: The role of electron sinks. Curr Opin Plant Biol 5:

5 * Ort DR, Long SP (2003) Converting Solar Energy into Crop Production. (eds M.J. Chrispeels and D.E. Sadava), pp American Society of Plant Biologists/Jones and Bartlett, Boston * Ort DR (2003) Contrasting mechanisms responsible for chilling-induced inhibition of photosynthesis in warm climate crops. Indian J Plant Physiol 2003 (Special Issue), 1-10 * Singsaas E, Ort DR, DeLucia E (2004) Elevated CO2 effects on mesophyll conductance and its consequences for interpreting photosynthetic physiology. Plant Cell Environ 27, * Tucker DE, Allen DJ, Ort DR (2004) Control of nitrate reductase circadian and diurnal rhythms in tomato. Planta, 219, * Rogers A, Allen DJ, Davey PA, Morgan PB, Ainsworth EA, Bernacchi CJ, Cornic G, Dermody O, Heaton A, Mahoney J, Zhu X-H, DeLucia E, Ort DR, Long SP (2004) Leaf photosynthesis and carbohydrate dynamics of soybeans grown throughout their lifecycle under Free-Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment. Plant Cell Environ. 27, * Schrader SM, Wise RR, Wacholtz WF, Ort DR, Sharkey TD (2004) High leaf temperature limits photosynthesis in Pima cotton II. Thylakoid membrane responses to moderate heat stress. Plant Cell Environ 27, * Leakey ADB. Bernacchi CJ, Dohleman FG, Long SP, Ort DR (2004) Will photosynthesis of maize (Zea mays) in the U.S. Corn Belt increase in future [CO2] rich atmospheres? An analysis of diurnal courses of CO2 uptake under Free-Air Concentration Enrichment (FACE). Global Change Biol. 10, * Long SP, Ainsworth EA, Rogers A, Ort DR (2004) Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide: Plants FACE the future. Annual Reviews Plant Biol. 55, * Baker NR, Ort DR, Harbinson J, Whitmarsh, J (2004) Light processing: Chloroplats to leaf. In Photosynthetic Adaptation Chloroplast to Landscape (Smith WK, Vogelman TC, Critchley, C, eds) Springer, pp * Loreto F, Baker NR, Ort DR (2004) Environmental constraints: Chloroplast to leaf. In: Photosynthetic Adaptation Chloroplast to Landscape (Smith WK, Vogelman TC, Critchley, C, eds) Springer, pp * Zhu X-G, Ort DR, Whitmarsh J, Long SP (2004) The slow reversibility of photosystem II thermal energy dissipation on transfer from high to low light may cause large losses in carbon gain by crop canopies. A theoretical analysis. J Exp Bot. 55, * Morgan PB, Bernacchi CJ, Ort DR, Long SP (2004) An in vivo analysis of the effect of season-long open-air elevation of ozone to anticipated 2050 levels on photosynthesis in soybean. Plant Physiol 135, * Bernacchi CJ, Morgan PB, Long SP, Ort DR (2005) The growth of soybean under free air concentration enrichment (FACE) stimulates photosynthesis while decreasing apparent in vivo Rubisco capacity. Planta 220, * Zuniga-Feest A, Ort DR, Gutierrezc A, Gidekel M, Bravo LA, Corcuera JL (2005) regulation of sucrose-phosphate synthase acitivity in the grass Deschampsia antarctica. Photosyn Res 83,75-86 * Long SP, Zhu X-G, Naidu SL, Raines CA, Ort DR (2005) Limits on the efficiencies of primary production - constraints and opportunities. In: Yields of farmed species: Constrains and opportunities in the 21st century. Eds. Sylvester Bradley R, Wiseman, J. Nottingham University Press (In press)

6 * Zhu X-G, Govindjee, Baker NR, De Sturler E, Ort DR, Long SP (2005) Chlorophyll a fluorescence induction kinetics in leaves predicited from a model describing each discrete step of excitation energy and electron transfer associated with photosystem II. Planta. 223, * Leakey ADB, Uribelarrea M, Ainsworth EA, Naidu SL, Rogers A, Ort DR, Long SP (2006) Photosynthesis, productivity, and yield of maize are not affected by open-air elevation of CO2 concentration in the absence of drought. Plant Physiol. 140, * Gong P, Wu G, Ort DR (2006) Slow dark deactivation of Arabidopsis chloroplast ATP synthase caused by a mutation in a nonplastidic SAC domain protein. Photosynth Res. DOI: /s * Long SP, Zhu X-G, Naidu SL, Ort DR (2006) Can improvement in photosynthesis increase crop yields? Plant Cell Environ 29: * Rogers A, Gibon Y, Stitt M, Morgan PB, Bernacchi CJ, Ort DR, Long SP (2006) Increased C availability at elevated carbon dioxide concentration improves N assimilation in a legume. Plant Cell Environ 29: * Long SP, Ainsworth EA, Leakey ADB, Nosberger J, Ort DR (2006) Food for thought: lower than expected crop yield stimulation with rising carbon dioxide concentrations. Science 312: * Prior SA, Torbert HA, Runion GB, Rogers HH, Ort DR, Nelson RL (2006) Free-air carbon dioxide enrichment of soybean: Influence of crop variety on residue decomposition. J Environ Qualit 35: * Leakey ADB, Bernacchi CJ, Ort DR, Long SP (2006) Long-term growth of soybean at elevated [CO2] does not cause acclimation of stomatal conductance under fully openair conditions. Plant Cell Environ 29: * Chung DW, Pruzinska A, Hortensteiner S, Ort DR (2006) The Role of Pheophorbide a Oxygenase Expression and Activity in the Canola Green Seed Problem. Plant Physiol 142: * Bernacchi CJ, Leakey ADB, Heady LE, Morgan PB, Dohleman FG, McGrath JM, Gillespie KM, Wittig VE, Rogers A, Long SP, Ort DR (2006) Hourly and seasonal variation in photosynthesis and stomatal conductance of soybean grown at future CO2 and ozone concentrations for 3 years under fully open-air field conditions. Plant Cell and Environ 29 (11): * Bernacchi CJ, Kimball BA, Quarles DR, Long SP, Ort DR (2007) Decreases in Stomatal Conductance of Soybean (Glycine max) under Open-air Elevation of [CO2] Are Closely Coupled with Decreases in Ecosystem evapotranspiration. Plant Physiol 143: * Grennan AK, Ort DR (2007) Cool temperatures interfere with D1 synthesis in tomato by causing ribosomal pausing. Photosynth Res, in press