W-H Science Department Curriculum Map Grade 8 Objectives Resources Time Allotment W HR HS Stu den t Ex pec tati ons

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1 ai sus Trimeser 1: Earh and Space Science (ESS 1) Recognize, inerpre, and be able o creae models of he earh s common physical feaures in various mapping represenai, including conour maps. Undersanding how o read & inerpre maps Generae a map from a model or reverse. Map skills Scales/keys Legends Inerpreing feaures Modeling Earhs feaures Direci Erosion Weahering Orieneering ESS 2 Describe he layers of he earh, including he lihosphere, he ho convecing manle, and he se meallic core. MCAS QUESTIONS: (2004 q5) (2003 q 9) (2003 q 24) (2001 q 1) Glencoe Science Voyages (Blue): Chaper 10 Plaes Teconics 10.1: Coninenal Drif 10.2: Seafloor Spreading 10.3: Plae Teconics 2 WEEKS Essenial Quesi: 1. How did he Earh come o be? 2. Where did he coninens come from? 3. Wha causes earhquakes? 4. Wha causes volcanoes? Composiion and Deph of Earh s layers How convecion cells drive econics Vocabulary: -Coninenal Drif Pangaea -Seafloor Spreading -Plae Teconics -Plae -Lihosphere -Ashenosphere -Convecion Curren -Divergen Boundary -Convergen Diagram & label Layers Funcion of he layers Earh s Dynamic surface Revised Page 1

2 ai sus Boundary -Subducion Zone -Mid-Ocean Ridge ESS 5 Describe how he movemen of he earh s crusal plaes causes boh slow changes in he earh s surface (e.g., formaion of mounains and ocean basins) and rapid ones (e.g., volcanic erupi and earhquakes). MCAS: (2004 q39) (2003 q2) Glencoe Science Voyages (Blue): Chaper 10.3: Plae Teconics Glencoe Science Voyages (Blue): Chaper 8 Earhquakes 8.1: Forces Inside Earh 8.2: Earhquake Informaion 8.3: Desrucion by Earhquakes Glencoe Science Voyages (Blue): Chaper 9 Volcanoes 9.1: Causes of Volcanoes 9.2: Types of See above 2 WEEKS 2 WEEKS See Above Plae Teconics Boundary Aciviy Cause And Effec Vocabulary: (Chaper 8): -Faul -Earhquake -Normal Faul -Reverse Faul -Srike-Slip Faul -Seismic Wave -Primary Wave -Secondary Wave -Surface Wave -Epicener -Inner Core -Ouer Core -Manle -Crus -Seismologis -Seismograph Demrae plae movemen & effecs Undersanding Earh Formaion Revised Page 2

3 ai sus Volcanoes 9.3: Igneous Rock Feaures -Magniude -Tsunami Chaper 9: -Volcano -Ven -Craer -Ho Spo -Shield Volcano -Tephra -Cinder Cone -Composie Volcano -Baholih -Dike -Sill -Volcanic Neck -Caldera ESS 6 Describe and give examples of ways in which he earh s surface is buil up and orn down by naural processes, including deposiion of sedimens, rock formaion, erosion, and weahering. SV Blue (Chaper 10) See Above See Above See Above Rock iificaiom Iify land feaures caused by he various forces. Undersanding weahering Deforesaion Beach erosion Cervaion Revised Page 3

4 ai sus MCAS: (2004 q10) (2001 q7) (2001 q15) ESS 7 plain and give examples of how physical evice, such as fossils and surface feaures of glaciaion suppors heories ha he Earh has evolved over geologic ime. MCAS: (2001q13) (2001q35) SV Blue: Chaper 10 Science Voyages (Blue): Chaper 11 Clues o Earh s Pas 11.1: Types of Fossils 11.2: Relaive Daing 11.3: Absolue Daing 2 WEEKS See Above Vocabulary Chaper 11: -Fossil -Perified Remains -Carboneous Film -Mold -Cas -Index Fossil -Principle of Superposiion -Relaive Daing -Absolue Daing -Radioacive Decay -Half-Life -Radiomeric Daing - Uniformiarianism Geologic ime line of eras, epochs, and periods. Changes over ime Evoluion of Earh s feaures Revised Page 4

5 ai sus LS 11 Recognize ha evice drawn from geology, fossils, and comparaive anaomy provides he basis of he heory of evoluion. See Above See Above See Above See Above See Above See Above LS 17 Trimeser 2: Life Science (LS 9) MCAS: (2004q12) (2004q33) Iify ways in which ecosysems have changed hroughou geologic ime in respe o physical condii, ineraci among organisms, and he aci of humans. Describe how changes may be caasrophes such as volcanic erupi or ice sorms. (2004q2) Compare sexual reproducion (offspring inheri half of heir genes from each paren) wih asexual reproducion (offspring is an iical copy of he paren s cell). MCAS: (2003q32) See Above See Above See Above See Above See Above See Above Science Voyages (Blue) Chaper 12 Change Through Time 12.1: Naural Selecion 12.2: Evice for Evoluion 2 WEEKS Essenial Quesi: Why are here so many kinds of animals and plans? How are all organisms relaed? Why do organisms become exinc? Wha are you made of? Wha does a gene do? Vocabulary: (SV Blue 12): -sies -evoluion -naural selecion -variaion -puncuaed equilibrium -gradualism -sedimenary rock -radioacive Revised Page 5

6 ai sus Prenice Hall: Herediy Chaper 5 Changes Over Time 5.1: Darwin s Voyages 5.2: Fossil Record 5.3: Oher Evice for Evoluion 2 WEEKS Where do you ge your characerisics from? elemen -homologous -vesiigial srucure -embryology (PH Chaper 5): -sies -adapaion -evoluion -scienific heory -naural selecion -variaion -fossil -sedimenary rock -perified fossil -mold -cas -relaive daing -absolue daing -radioacive elemen -half-life -fossil record exinc -gradualism -puncuaed equilibria -homologous srucure -branching ree Revised Page 6

7 ai sus LS 10 LS 11 Give examples of ways in which geneic variaion and environmenal facors are causes of evoluion and he diversiy of organisms. Recognize ha evice drawn from geology, fossils, and comparaive anaomy provides he basis of he heory of evoluion. See Above See Above See Above Describe he process of naural selecion Variaion vs Adapaion Geneic Boleneck See Above See Above See Above See Above Demrae why geneic variaion provides proecion agains exincion Undersanding diversiy on earh MCAS: (2004q12) (2004q33) LS 12 Relae he exincion of sies See Above See Above See Above See Above o a mismach of adapaion and he environmen. (2004q22) LS 18 Recognize ha biological See Above See Above See Above See Above evoluion accouns for he diversiy of sies developed hrough gradual processes over many generai. LS 2 Recognize ha all Prenice Hall: Chaper 1: 2 See Above Vocabulary: WEEKS Chaper 1.1: organisms are composed of Herediy -cell cells, and ha many Chaper 1 -microscope organisms are single-celled Cell Srucure -compound (unicellular), e.g., baceria, and Funcion microscope yeas. In hese single-celled 1.1: -cell heory organisms, one cell mus Discovering -magnificaion Revised Page 7

8 ai sus carry ou all of he basic funci of life. Cells -convex lens Revised Page 8

9 ai sus LS 3 Compare and conras plan and animal cells, including major organelles (cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, cyoplasm, chloroplass, miochondria, vacuoles). Prenice Hall: Herediy Chaper 1 Cell Srucure and Funcion 1.2: Looking Inside Cells Chaper 2 Cell Process and Energy 2.3: Cell Division See Above See Above Vocabulary: 1.2 -organelle -cell wall -cell membrane -nucleus -chromain -cyoplasm -miochondria -endoplasmic reiculum (ER) -ribosome -golgi body -chloroplas -vacuole -lysosome LS 4 Recognize ha wihin cells, many of he basic funci of organisms (e.g., exracing energy from food and geing rid of wase) are Prenice Hall: Herediy Chaper 1 Cell Srucure and Funcion 2.3: -cell cycle -inerphase -replicaion -miosis -chromosome -chromaid -cyokinesis See Above See Above Vocabulary: 1.3 -elemen -aom -compound -molecule Revised Page 9

10 ai sus carried ou. The way in which cells funcion is similar in all living organisms. 1.3: Chemical Compounds in Cells 1.4: The Cell in is Environmen 2.3: Cell Division 2.4: Cancer -organic compound -inorganic compound -carbohydrae -proein -amino acid -enzyme -lipid -nucleic acid -DNA -RNA 1.4: -selecively permeable -diffusion -osmosis -passive ranspor -acive ranspor 2.4: -cancer -muaion -chemoherapy -umor Revised Page 10

11 ai sus Physical Science PS 6 Life Science (LS 7) Differeniae beween an aom (he smalles uni of an elemen ha mainains he characerisics of ha elemen) and a molecule (he smalles uni of a compound ha mainains he characerisics of ha compound). Recognize ha every organism requires a se of insruci ha sifies is rais. These insruci are sored in he organism s chromosomes. Herediy is he passage of hese insruci from one generaion o anoher. (2004q6) 1.3 See Above See Above See Above Prenice Hall, Herediy 2.3 Prenice Hall: Herediy Chaper 3: Geneics: The Science of Herediy 3.1: Mendel s Work 3.2: Probabiliy and Geneics 3.3: The Cell and Inheriance 3.4: The DNA Connecion 10 periods See Above Undersand basic srucure of chromosomes & genes. Mendel Pedigree Vocabulary Chaper 3: 3.1 -rai -herediy -geneics -purebred -gene -allele -dominan allele -recessive allele -hybrid 3.2 Punne Squares Pedigree Simple Mendelian Geneics Undersanding Inheried Geneics Revised Page 11

12 ai sus Prenice Hall: Herediy Chaper 4: Modern Geneics 4.1: Human Inheriance 4.2: Human Geneic Disorders 4.3: Advances in Geneics -probabiliy -Punne Square -phenoype -genoype -homozygous -heerozygous -codominance 3.3 -meiosis 3.4 -messenger RNA -ransfer RNA Vocabulary Chaper muliple alleles -sex-linked gene -carrier -pedigree 4.2 -geneic disorder -amniocenesis -karyoype 4.3 -selecive breeding -inbreeding -hybridizaion -clone -geneic Revised Page 12

13 ai sus engineering -gene herapy -genome LS 8 LS 9 Recognize ha herediary informaion is conained in genes locaed in he chromosomes of each cell. A human cell conains abou 30,000 differen genes on 23 differen pairs of chromosomes. Compare sexual reproducion (offspring inheri half of heir genes from each paren) wih asexual reproducion (offspring is an iical copy of he paren s cell). (2003q32) Prenice Hall, Herediy Chaper Chaper Prenice Hall Herediy Chaper See Above See Above See Above Human Genome Projec See Above See Above Differences Bw Sexual & Asexual Cloning vs Variaion Advanages & Disadvanages Mechanics of Reproducion Meiosis Undersanding differences in populaion(variaion) Evoluionary proecion Why Asexual? Trimeser 3 LS 16 Recognize ha producers (plans ha conain chlorophyll) use he energy from sunligh o make sugars from carbon dioxide and waer hrough a process called Prenice Hall: Herediy Chaper 2 Cell Processes 2.1: 1 WEEK Essenial Quesi: Do plans really need us? Who is a he op of he food chain? Why don animal Vocabulary: Chaper 2.1 -phoosynhesis -chlorophyll -pigmen -somaa Revised Page 13

14 ai sus LS 13 phoosynhesis. This food can be used immediaely, sored for laer use, or used by oher organisms. (2004q14) (2003q13) (2003q19) Give examples of ways in which organisms inerac and have differen funci wihin an ecosysem ha enable he ecosysem o survive. (2003q8) (2003q17) Phoosynhesis 2.2: Respiraion Science Voyage (Blue): Chaper 18.2 Science Voyages (Blue) Chaper 17: Life and Environmen 17.1: Living vs. Nonliving 17.2: Ineraci Among Living Organisms 17.3: Maer and Energy Chaper 18: Ecosysems 18.1: How Ecosysems Change 18.2: Land Environmens 18.3: Waer Environmens populai grow oo large for heir environmen? -auoroph -hereroroph 2.2 -respiraion -fermenaion 2 WEEKS See Above Vocabulary: Chaper 17 -biosphere -ecology -abioic facor -bioic facor -populaion -communiy -ecosysem -populaion siy -limiing facor -carrying capaciy -symbiosis -habia -niche -food chain -food web -ecological pyramid -waer cycle -nirogen cycle Chaper 18: Revised Page 14

15 ai sus Chaper 19: Resources and he Environmen 19.1: Naural Resources 19.2: Naural Resources and Wildlife Proecion 19.3: Mainaining a Healhy Environmen -ecological succession -primary succession -pioneer communiy -secondary succession -climax communiy -biome -undra -aiga -emperae deciduous fores -ropical rainfores -grassland -deser -plankon -esuary -ineridal zone Chaper 19: -naural resource -renewable resource -nonrenewable resource -fossil fuel -phoovolaic Revised Page 15

16 ai sus LS 14 LS 15 plain he roles and relaihips among producers, cumers, and decomposers in he process of energy ransfer in a food web. 2003q8) (2003q17) (2004q31) (2001q18) (2002q2) (2002q15) (2003q17) (2003q1) plain how dead plans and animals are broken down by Science Voyages (Blue) Chaper 17 Chaper 18 Science Voyages (Blue) (PV) cell -hydroelecric power -nuclear energy -soil depleion -erosion -soil managemen -exincion -endangered sies -recycling -polluan -smog -acid rain -ozone depleion -green house effec -global warming -hazardous wase -groundwaer See Above See Above See Above See Above See Above See Above Revised Page 16

17 ai sus LS 17 LS 6 oher living organisms and how his process conribues o he sysem as a whole. Iify ways in which ecosysems have changed hroughou geologic ime in respe o physical condii, ineraci among organisms, and he aci of humans. Describe how changes may be caasrophes such as volcanic erupi or ice sorms. (2004q2) Iify he general funci of he major sysems of he human body (digesion, reproducion, excreion, proecion from disease, and movemen, conrol, and coordinaion) and describe ways ha hese sysems inerac wih each oher. (2004q8) (2003q10) (2003q34) Chaper 17 Chaper 18 Science Voyages (Blue) Globe Fearon Human Anaomy and Physiology Chaper 1 See Above See Above See Above See Above See Above See Above See Above See Above Describe he funcion of he primary organ sysems Undersand how he human body funci Revised Page 17