Nanomaterials special properties are primarily due to size and shape

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2 Nanomaterials special properties are primarily due to size and shape Office of Basic Energy Sciences Office of Science, U.S. DOE Version , pmd

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8 inflow ATMOSPHERE Particle Phase outflow desorption adsorption sources resuspension volatilization/ aerosol formation volatilization/ aerosol formation dry deposition wet deposition outflow uptake release uptake VEGETATION SOIL colloidal/ dissolved solute transport runoff discharge GROUND WATER WATER sorption/ desorption SUSPENDED SOLIDS sedimentation uptake resuspension SEDIMENT BIOTA excretion

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20 Traditional Toxicological Approach Fails to Address Industrial Chemical Toxicology at the Scale of production Hazard Identification Exposure Assessment Risk Characterization Risk Management ~50,000 chemicals registered for commercial use in the US < 1,000 have undergone toxicity testing Resources required are overwhelming; each test requires: $2-$4 million (for in vivo studies) > 3 years to complete

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24 Mission of UC CEIN The mission of the UC CEIN is to insure that nanotechnology is introduced and implemented in a responsible and environmentally-compatible manner to allow the US and the International community to leverage the benefits of nanotechnology for global economic and social benefit

25 Objectives of the UC CEIN Develop a library of reference NMs Understand the impacts of different types of NMs on organisms and ecological systems Develop a predictive model of toxicology and environmental impacts of NMs Develop guidelines and decision tools for safe design and use of NMs

26 IRG #3 IRG #2

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31 Commercial SRM IRG1 Small batches (3-4) Extensive batches (10-20) IRG 1 characterization IRG 4 Fate/transport IRG 2 & 3 ecotox IRG 5 HTS IRG 6 Database Expert system Modeling In-house synthesis NIST IRG 1 Molecular Foundry Combinatorial Library (20-40 Variations) Hazard Ranking

32 IRGs 2 & 3: Interactions at Molecular, Cellular, Organ and Systemic Levels & Organismal, Population, Community, and Ecosystem Ecotoxicology IRG 2 Team Patricia Holden (UCSB) Andre Nel (UCLA) Gary Cherr (UCD) Leonard Rome (UCLA) Joshua Schimel (UCSB) Roger Nisbet (UCSB) Hunter Lenihan (UCSB) IRG 3 Team Hunter Lenihan (UCSB) Joshua Schimel (UCSB) Gary Cherr (UCD) Roger Nisbet (UCSB) Bradley Cardinale (UCSB) Jorge Gardea-Torresday (UTEP)

33 Responses Cellular Organismal Population Growth / Respiration Population -NM +NM DEB Modeling Time

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36 Control + Trt

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39 20 nm 60 nm 200 nm + particles not available Mammalian: Yeast: Mammalian: no toxicity observed Yeast: no toxicity observed 0 Mammalian: not studied Yeast: - Mammalian: not studied Yeast: Mammalian: no toxicity observed Yeast: no toxicity observed Mammalian: no toxicity observed Yeast: no toxicity observed Mammalian: not studied Yeast: no toxicity observed Mammalian: not studied Yeast:

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41 Kaksonen et al. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 2006, 7,

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46 Multimedia Environmental Assessment Nanoparticle structural & physicochemical information + toxicity data Environmental Impact Exposure Risk Evaluation Scoring Ranking QRA Machine Learning/ Pattern Recognition/ Fuzzy ARTMAP Classification/ Cognitive NN AIR Soil Water Multimedia Analysis QSARs toxicity physicochemical properties

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49 Group Leader: Hilary Godwin (UCLA) Faculty Participants: Bill Freudenberg (UCSB), Eric Hoek (UCLA), Tim Malloy (UCLA)

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