Stelar evolution. B. Sc. III Botany
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1 Stelar evolution B. Sc. III Botany Dr. (Miss) Kalpana R. Datar Assistant Professor DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY WILLINGDON COLLEGE, SANGLI.
2 Stelar Evolution Stele is unit of vascular system. The tissues internal to the endodermis is stele. It includes Xylem, phloem and cells of the ground tissue that is pericycle, pith and medullary rays.
3
4 Protostele Solid core of xylem is in the centre. Xylem is surrounded by phloem, pericycle and endodermis. It is simplest and primitive type of stele. It is divided into four types
5 Haplostele 1.It is a type of protostele. 2.Smooth core of xylem is present in the center. 3.It is surrounded by phloem, pericycle and endodermis 3.It is the most primitive type of protostele. E.g. Lygodium, Selaginella krausiana
6 Actinostele 1.It is a type of protostele. 2. xylem is star shaped and present in the center. 3. It is surrounded by phloem, pericycle and endodermis. Eg. Psilotum
7 Plectostele 1.It is a type of protostele. 2. xylem is in the form of parallel plates in the center. 3.It is surrounded by phloem, pericycle and endodermis E.g. Lycopodium clavatum
8 Mixed Protostele 1.It is a type of protostele. 2. xylem and phloem patches are uniformly distributed in the center. 3.It is surrounded by pericycle and endodermis. E.g. Lycopodium cernum
9 Siphonostele 1.Those steles which possesses parenchymatous pith in the centre of the stele are known as Siphonostele. 2.They are also called Hollow or tubular steles. 3.There are two types. i. Amphiphloic Siphonostele ii. Ectophloic Siphonostele
10 Amphiphloic Siphonostele 1.The xylem is surrounded both outside and inside by phloem, pericycle and endodermis. 2. Pith is present in the centre. E.g. Marsilea
11 Ectophloic Siphonostele 1.The xylem is surrounded by phloem, pericycle and endodermis on the outside only. 2.Pith is present in the centre. 3. It is more highly evolved than Amphiphloic Siphonostele E.g. Fern- Osmunda
12 Dictyostele 1.Leaves are produced on the stem. Xylem and phloem from the main axis are supplied to leaves. 2.The patch of xylem and phloem which goes to supply the leaf is known as Leaf trace. 3.Due to leaf trace a gap is left in the continuous strand of xylem and phloem. The gap is known as Leaf gap or Foliar gap. 4.Siphonostele dissected by single leaf gap is known as Solenostele.
13 Solenostele
14 Dictyostele 1.When there are many leaf gaps in the stele, it is known as Dictyostele. Eg. Fern- Asplenium Leaf gap
15 Eustele- 1. It is special kind of Siphonostele. 2.The vascular tissue is separated into a number of collateral vascular bundles. 3.Parenchymatous tissue (Medullary ray)is present in between the vascular bundles. 4.Vascular bundles are arranged in the ring. 5.Vascular cylinder is surrounded by pericycle and endodermis. 6.It is most highly evolved type of stele. 7.It is found in gymnosperms and Dicotyledons. 8.E.g. Sunfower stem, Cycas stem
16 Eustele:
17 Atactostele- 1.In this type of stele vascular bundles are scattered in the ground tissue. 2.Vascular bundles are surrounded by pericycle and endodermis. 3. It is found in Monocotyledons. E.g. Maize stem
18 1.Protostele is most primitive type of stele. 2.All other types have been evolved from it. 3.Eustele is most evolved type of stele.
19
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