STEMS Anytime you use something made of wood, you re using something made from the stem of a plant. Stems are linear structures with attached leaves

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "STEMS Anytime you use something made of wood, you re using something made from the stem of a plant. Stems are linear structures with attached leaves"

Transcription

1 STEMS

2 OUTLINE External Form of a Woody Twig Stem Origin and Development Stem Tissue Patterns Herbaceous Dicotyledonous Stems Woody Dicotyledonous Stems Monocotyledonous Stems Specialized Stems Wood and Its Uses

3 STEMS Anytime you use something made of wood, you re using something made from the stem of a plant. Stems are linear structures with attached leaves that provide support and transport of water and nutrients to the plant body. Most stems grow upward, helping to raise plant structures, such as leaves, off the ground. Some plants also use their stems for photosynthesis or for food and water storage.

4 EXTERNAL FORM OF A WOODY STEM Woody twig consists of an axis with attached leaves. Alternately or Oppositely arranged. Leaves attached at a node. Stem region between nodes is an internode. Leaf has a flattened blade and is usually attached to the twig by a petiole.

5 EXTERNAL FORM OF A WOODY STEM Axil - Angle between a petiole and the stem. Axillary Bud- located in axil. Terminal Bud often found at twig tip. Stipules - Paired appendages at the base of a leaf. Often remain throughout leaf life span. Deciduous trees and shrubs have dormant axillary buds with leaf scars left after leaves fall. Bundle scars mark food and water conducting tissue.

6

7 ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF STEMS The apical meristem is located in a bud, called a terminal bud, at the tip of the stem. New growth in length occurs because of cell division in the apical meristem. Along with the apical meristem, terminal buds may contain leaf primordia, fully formed, tiny embryo leaves that are ready to expand and grow when the bud opens.

8 ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF STEMS Buds are usually protected by hard, leaf-like structures called bud scales. When the terminal bud begins to grow, the bud scales fall off, leaving a ring of scars that go 360 degrees all around the stem. For deciduous trees growing in temperate climates, you can tell how many years a woody branch has been growing by counting the number of rings of bud scale scars.

9 ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF STEMS Leaves grow from the stem at nodes. On branches from plants that drop their leaves, called deciduous plants, leaf scars show where the leaves used to be attached. If you look closely at leaf scars, you can see little circular marks within them that show where the vascular tissue from the stem ran out into the leaf. These vascular scars are called bundle scars because they mark the places where bundles of vascular tissue were located.

10 ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF STEMS The spaces between nodes on the stem are called internodes. Lateral meristems are located in axillary buds that are tucked in the angles, or axils, between the leaves and the stem. When an axillary bud begins to grow, its lateral meristems function just like the apical meristem producing new growth through cell division. Axillary buds may grow into new branches, or they may produce flowers.

11 ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF STEMS All plants grow by getting taller as the apical meristem produces new cells at the tip of the stem. The stems of some plants that grow for more than one year will grow thicker over time. So, two types of growth occur in stems.

12 ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF STEMS Primary growth increases the length of the stem. Primary growth results from cell division in apical meristems and builds herbaceous stems, which are nonwoody stems. Secondary growth increases the width of the stem. Secondary growth results from cell division of the vascular cambium and builds woody stems, stems that contain secondary xylem tissue.

13 PRIMARY GROWTH The apical meristem is dormant before the beginning of the growing season. When a bud begins to expand, apical meristem cells undergo mitosis and three primary meristem tissues develop--- Protoderm Procambium Ground meristem

14 PRIMARY GROWTH Protoderm - Gives rise to epidermis. Procambium - Produces primary xylem and primary phloem cells. Ground Meristem - Produces tissues composed of parenchyma cells. Pith Cortex

15 PRIMARY GROWTH Most flowering plants and conifers organize their vascular tissue into vascular bundles, groups of pipe-like tissues that run longitudinally through the roots, stems and leaves. In primary stems, vascular bundles have three components: A layer of thick-walled cells, sunch as sclerenchyma, that surround the bundle, protecting the bundle and supporting the stem.

16 PRIMARY GROWTH A cluster of phloem cells, located on the side of the bundle closest to the outside of the stem. These cells transport food. A cluster of xylem cells, located on the side of the bundles closest to the inside of the stem. These cells transport water and minerals.

17 PRIMARY GROWTH Flowering plants are divided into two groups, monocots and dicots, based on several differences, including differences in stem organization.

18 PRIMARY GROWTH- Monocot Stem

19 PRIMARY GROWTH-Monocot Stem Most monocots grow only by primary growth, remaining herbaceous throughout their lives. The vascular bundles form in a spiral arrangement around the stem. They can appear scattered.

20 PRIMARY GROWTH-MONOCOT STEM Moving from outside to inside, monocot stems are made up of- 1. epidermis 2. ground tissue with vascular bundles that appear to be scattered randomly around the stem.

21 PRIMARY GROWTH-Dicot Stem Many wildflowers and crop vegetables that are dicots grow only by primary growth and then grow by secondary growth. Dicot stems are surrounded by a sheath of epidermal tissue. The rest of the stem, with the exception of the vascular tissue, is made up of ground tissue.

22 PRIMARY GROWTH-Dicot Stems In young dicot stems, ground tissue is organized into two layers of tissue: The cortex is made of several layers of parenchyma cells and is located between the epidermis and the vascular tissue. The pith is the group of parenchyma cells in the center of the stem. Dicots arrange the vascular bundles in a ring around the stem.

23 PRIMARY GROWTH-Dicot Stems Moving from the outside to the inside, primary dicot stems are made up of.. Epidermis Ground tissue (cortex) Vascular bundles Ground tissue (pith)

24 SECONDARY GROWTH Whether or not a plant does secondary growth depends largely upon how long the plant lives. Annual plants don t do secondary growth. Perennial plants do secondary growth. Another factor that determines growth pattern is the type of plant. Monocots don t do true secondary growth. Gymnosperms and dicots both do secondary growth in a similar way.

25

26 SECONDARY GROWTH Two rings of meristematic tissue, called lateral cambia, produce the new cells that make up secondary growth. The vascular cambium makes new vascular tissue, called secondary xylem and secondary phloem. As the new cells are made, the vascular cambium pushes the secondary xylem toward the inside of the stem and secondary phloem toward the outside of the stem.

27 SECONDARY GROWTH The cork cambium (phellogen) produces ground tissue (phelloderm) toward the inside of the stem and cork cells (phellem) toward the outside of the stem. Cork cells help protect woody stems because they are impregnated with a waxy substance called suberin, which makes the waterproof and resistant to fire damage, infection, and insect attack. These cork cells eventually replace the epidermal cells that break away as the stem thickens. Lenticels are spongy areas within the cork that allow gas exchange.

28 SECONDARY GROWTH The bark of a tree consists of all the cells from the vascular cambium to the outside of the stem. This includes the secondary phloem, parenchyma, and cork cells. The outer bark, which consists of just the cork cambium and the cells it produces (cork and parenchyma), is called the periderm.

29 SECONDARY GROWTH

30 SECONDARY GROWTH The vascular cambium and cork cambium both develop from primary tissue in the stem as a stem enters into secondary growth. The vascular cambium forms from cells between the xylem and phloem within the vascular bundles and from parenchyma cells in the spaces between the bundles. These cells develop into meristematic cells that join up with each other to form a ring of cells just one cell thick within the stem. The cork cambium usually forms from a ring of cells within the cortex of the stem. These cells develop into meristematic cells that form the ring of cork cambium within the stem.

Chapter #35~ Plant Structure and Growth

Chapter #35~ Plant Structure and Growth Chapter #35~ Plant Structure and Growth What part of a plant is represented by each of these: Carrot Celery Red Pepper Tomato Lettuce Garbanzo Bean Angiosperm structure Three basic organs: Roots (root

More information

SESSION 6: SUPPORT AND TRANSPORT SYSTEMS IN PLANTS PART 1

SESSION 6: SUPPORT AND TRANSPORT SYSTEMS IN PLANTS PART 1 SESSION 6: SUPPORT AND TRANSPORT SYSTEMS IN PLANTS PART 1 KEY CONCEPTS In this session we will focus on summarising what you need to know about: - Anatomy of dicotyledonous plants Root and stem: distribution

More information

Plant Tissues and Organs. Topic 13 Plant Science Subtopics , ,

Plant Tissues and Organs. Topic 13 Plant Science Subtopics , , Plant Tissues and Organs Topic 13 Plant Science Subtopics 13.1.2, 13.1.3, 13.1.4 Objectives: List and describe the major plant organs their structure and function List and describe the major types of plant

More information

Stems and Transport in Vascular Plants. Herbaceous Stems. Herbaceous Dicot Stem 3/12/2012. Chapter 34. Basic Tissues in Herbaceous Stems.

Stems and Transport in Vascular Plants. Herbaceous Stems. Herbaceous Dicot Stem 3/12/2012. Chapter 34. Basic Tissues in Herbaceous Stems. Bud scale Terminal bud Stems and Transport in Plants One year's growth Terminal bud scale scars Axillary bud Leaf scar Node Internode Node Chapter 34 Lenticels Terminal bud scale scars Bundle scars A Woody

More information

PLANTS FORM AND FUNCTION PLANT MORPHOLOGY PART I: BASIC MORPHOLOGY. Plant Form & Function Activity #1 page 1

PLANTS FORM AND FUNCTION PLANT MORPHOLOGY PART I: BASIC MORPHOLOGY. Plant Form & Function Activity #1 page 1 AP BIOLOGY PLANTS FORM AND FUNCTION ACTIVITY #1 NAME DATE HOUR PLANT MORPHOLOGY PART I: BASIC MORPHOLOGY Plant Form & Function Activity #1 page 1 PART II: ROOTS 1. Examine the examples of the two root

More information

Plants. Tissues, Organs, and Systems

Plants. Tissues, Organs, and Systems Plants Tissues, Organs, and Systems Meristematic cells Specialized cells that are responsible for producing specialized cells, they produce three types of tissue in the body of a plant. Meristematic Cells

More information

The Shoot System: Primary Stem Structure - 1

The Shoot System: Primary Stem Structure - 1 The Shoot System: Primary Stem Structure - 1 Shoot System The shoot system comprises the leaves and stems of plants. Leaves are located at nodes on the stem; the distance along the stem between nodes is

More information

Chapter 35~ Plant Structure and Growth

Chapter 35~ Plant Structure and Growth Chapter 35~ Plant Structure and Growth Plant Organization Plant morphology is based on plant s evolutionary history Need to draw in nutrients from the ground and the air Plant Organs Root system = roots

More information

Plant Anatomy and Tissue Structures

Plant Anatomy and Tissue Structures Plant Anatomy and Tissue Structures The Two Major Plant Systems Reproductive shoot (flower) Terminal bud Node Internode Angiosperm plants have threse major organs: Roots Stems Leaves & Flowers Terminal

More information

Plant Structure And Growth

Plant Structure And Growth Plant Structure And Growth The Plant Body is Composed of Cells and Tissues Tissue systems (Like Organs) made up of tissues Made up of cells Plant Tissue Systems Ground Tissue System Ø photosynthesis Ø

More information

Plant Structure. Lab Exercise 24. Objectives. Introduction

Plant Structure. Lab Exercise 24. Objectives. Introduction Lab Exercise Plant Structure Objectives - Be able to identify plant organs and give their functions. - Learn distinguishing characteristics between monocot and dicot plants. - Understand the anatomy of

More information

2/25/2013. o Plants take up water and minerals from below ground o Plants take up CO2 and light from above ground THREE BASIC PLANT ORGANS ROOTS

2/25/2013. o Plants take up water and minerals from below ground o Plants take up CO2 and light from above ground THREE BASIC PLANT ORGANS ROOTS o Plants take up water and minerals from below ground o Plants take up CO2 and light from above ground THREE BASIC PLANT ORGANS o Roots o Stems o Leaves ROOTS o Anchor plant o Absorb water and minerals

More information

Stems BI 103: Plant & Animal A & P. Learning Objectives

Stems BI 103: Plant & Animal A & P. Learning Objectives Stems BI 103: Plant & Animal A & P Outline: 1. Stems: monocots vs dicots--handout 2. Woody plant growth 3. Discussion problems 4. Monocots & soutside Learning Objectives What are the differences between

More information

The three principal organs of seed plants are roots, stems, and leaves.

The three principal organs of seed plants are roots, stems, and leaves. 23 1 Specialized Tissues in Plants Seed Plant Structure The three principal organs of seed plants are roots, stems, and leaves. 1 of 34 23 1 Specialized Tissues in Plants Seed Plant Structure Roots: absorb

More information

Plant Structure. Objectives At the end of this sub section students should be able to:

Plant Structure. Objectives At the end of this sub section students should be able to: Name: 3.2 Organisation and the Vascular Structures 3.2.1 Flowering plant structure and root structure Objectives At the end of this sub section students should be able to: 1. Label a diagram of the external

More information

Topic 2: Plant Structure & Growth Ch. 35 Angiosperms are the most complex plants. They are composed of cells, tissues, organs and organ systems.

Topic 2: Plant Structure & Growth Ch. 35 Angiosperms are the most complex plants. They are composed of cells, tissues, organs and organ systems. Topic 2: Plant Structure & Growth Ch. 35 Angiosperms are the most complex plants. They are composed of cells, tissues, organs and organ systems. Fig. 35.8 Plant Cells pp.798-802 Types of plant cells Include:

More information

Botany Physiology. Due Date Code Period Earned Points

Botany Physiology. Due Date Code Period Earned Points Botany Physiology Name C/By Due Date Code Period Earned Points Bot Phys 5N5 Stem Forms Bot Phys 5-05 Identify the major forms of stems in plants I. Identify the major forms of stems in plants A. internal

More information

Forms strands that conduct water, minerals, and organic compounds. Much of the inside of nonwoody parts of plants. Includes roots, stems, and leaves

Forms strands that conduct water, minerals, and organic compounds. Much of the inside of nonwoody parts of plants. Includes roots, stems, and leaves Biology II Vascular plants have 3 tissue systems: Dermal Protective outer layer of plant Vascular Forms strands that conduct water, minerals, and organic compounds Ground Much of the inside of nonwoody

More information

Chapter 29: Plant Tissues

Chapter 29: Plant Tissues Chapter 29: Plant Tissues Shoots and Roots Shoots (Leaves and Stem) Produce food by photosynthesis Carry out reproductive functions Roots Anchor the plant Penetrate the soil and absorb water and dissolved

More information

Lecture 4 Root Put line under your answer! There is only one correct answer in the multiple choice questions

Lecture 4 Root Put line under your answer! There is only one correct answer in the multiple choice questions Lecture 4 Root Put line under your answer! There is only one correct answer in the multiple choice questions 1. The perception of gravity by a root is thought to take place in a) root hairs b) the region

More information

NOTES: CH 35 - Plant Structure & Growth

NOTES: CH 35 - Plant Structure & Growth NOTES: CH 35 - Plant Structure & Growth In their evolutionary journey, plants adapted to the problems of a terrestrial existence as they moved from water to land ANGIOSPERMS (flowering plants) -most diverse

More information

Plants. Plant Form and Function. Tissue Systems 6/4/2012. Chapter 17. Herbaceous (nonwoody) Woody. Flowering plants can be divided into two groups:

Plants. Plant Form and Function. Tissue Systems 6/4/2012. Chapter 17. Herbaceous (nonwoody) Woody. Flowering plants can be divided into two groups: Monocots Dicots 6/4/2012 Plants Plant Form and Function Chapter 17 Herbaceous (nonwoody) In temperate climates, aerial parts die back Woody In temperate climates, aerial parts persist The Plant Body Functions

More information

Question 1: State the location and function of different types of meristem. Meristems are specialised regions of plant growth. The meristems mark the regions where active cell division and rapid division

More information

Secondary growth in stems

Secondary growth in stems Secondary growth in stems Secondary growth Some of the meristematic cells in plants with secondary growth keep their meristematic state and become cells of the cambium. The addition of secondary vascular

More information

The plant body has a hierarchy of organs, tissues, and cells. Plants, like multicellular animals:

The plant body has a hierarchy of organs, tissues, and cells. Plants, like multicellular animals: Chapter 28 The plant body has a hierarchy of organs, tissues, and cells Plants, like multicellular animals: o Have organs composed of different tissues, which are in turn composed of cells 3 basic organs:

More information

Plant Structure and Function Extension

Plant Structure and Function Extension Plant Structure and Function Extension NGSSS: SC.912.L.14.7 Relate the structure of each of the major plant organs and tissues to physiological processes. (AA) Part 1A: Leaves The leaf of a plant serves

More information

Lab Exercise 4: Primary Growth and Tissues in Stems

Lab Exercise 4: Primary Growth and Tissues in Stems Lab Exercise 4: Primary Growth and Tissues in Stems Tissues of the plant body can be classified in a variety of ways: functionally (based on the tissue function, e.g. vascular tissue ), morphologically

More information

Roots and leaves together are sufficient to take up all essential resources, so why make stems?

Roots and leaves together are sufficient to take up all essential resources, so why make stems? STEMS Roots and leaves together are sufficient to take up all essential resources, so why make stems? Stem functions 1. Support leaves 2. Conductance (connect root and leaf vasculature) 3. Storage (some

More information

Chapter 23 Notes Roots Stems Leaves

Chapter 23 Notes Roots Stems Leaves Chapter 23 Notes Roots Stems Leaves I. Specialized tissue in plants - effective way to ensure the plant s survival A. Seed plant structure 1. Roots - a. Absorbs water and dissolves nutrients b. anchors

More information

ROOTS. Syllabus Theme A Plant Structure and Function. Root systems. Primary Growth of Roots. Taproot system. Fibrous root system.

ROOTS. Syllabus Theme A Plant Structure and Function. Root systems. Primary Growth of Roots. Taproot system. Fibrous root system. Syllabus Theme A lant Structure and Function A2: Structure and function of the basic plant organs ampbell & Reece hap. 35 Selected page numbers ROOTS Functions Anchors the vascular plant Absorbs minerals

More information

Class XI Chapter 6 Anatomy of Flowering Plants Biology

Class XI Chapter 6 Anatomy of Flowering Plants Biology Class XI Chapter 6 Anatomy of Flowering Plants Biology Question 1: State the location and function of different types of meristem. Meristems are specialised regions of plant growth. The meristems mark

More information

CAMBIUM, meristem, heartwood, and lenticel are

CAMBIUM, meristem, heartwood, and lenticel are Examining the Structures of a Tree CAMBIUM, meristem, heartwood, and lenticel are some terms that may be new to you. These terms are used to describe various tree structures. Not surprisingly, many terms

More information

WHAT DO you think of when you

WHAT DO you think of when you Stem Anatomy WHAT DO you think of when you think of a stem? Do you think of a flower stalk, the trees in your area, or a soybean stalk? Most people probably visualize something like the flower or the bean

More information

Anatomy of Flowering Plants. K C Meena PGT Biology

Anatomy of Flowering Plants. K C Meena PGT Biology Anatomy of Flowering Plants K C Meena PGT Biology Tissues A group of similar cells performing same function. Types of plant tissues - Meristematic tissues and permanent tissues. Meristematic tissues Have

More information

Plant Anatomy: roots, stems and leaves

Plant Anatomy: roots, stems and leaves Plant Anatomy: roots, stems and leaves The plant body has a hierarchy of organs, tissues and cells Plants, like animals, have organs composed of different tissues, which are composed of cells. Tissue is

More information

Plant Growth and Development Part I. Levels of Organization

Plant Growth and Development Part I. Levels of Organization Plant Growth and Development Part I Levels of Organization Whole Plant Organs Tissues Cells Organelles Macromolecules Levels of Organization Whole Plant Organs Tissues Cells Organelles Macromolecules 1

More information

Plant Anatomy: roots, stems and leaves

Plant Anatomy: roots, stems and leaves Plant Anatomy: roots, stems and leaves The plant body has a hierarchy of organs, tissues and cells Plants, like animals, have organs composed of different tissues, which are composed of cells. Tissue is

More information

Roots and Soil Chapter 5

Roots and Soil Chapter 5 Roots and Soil Chapter 5 Plant Organs Plant organs are groups of several types of tissues that together perform a particular function. Vegetative organs roots, stems, leaves make and use food, absorb water

More information

Today: Plant Structure Exam II is on F March 31

Today: Plant Structure Exam II is on F March 31 Next few lectures are on plant form and function Today: Plant Structure Exam II is on F March 31 Outline Plant structure I. Plant Cells structure & different types II. Types of meristems Apical meristems:

More information

Levels of Organization

Levels of Organization Plant Growth and Development Part I Levels of Organization Whole Plant Organs Tissues Cells Organelles Macromolecules Levels of Organization Whole Plant Organs Tissues Cells Organelles Macromolecules Plant

More information

Visit For All NCERT solutions, CBSE sample papers, Question papers, Notes for Class 6 to 12. Chapter-6 ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS

Visit  For All NCERT solutions, CBSE sample papers, Question papers, Notes for Class 6 to 12. Chapter-6 ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS Chapter-6 ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS POINTS TO REMEMBER Anatomy : Anatomy is the study of internal structure of organisms. Plant anatomy includes organisation and structure of tissues. Tissue : A group

More information

Simple Leaf Compound Leaf

Simple Leaf Compound Leaf Leaves Outline Overview Leaf Arrangements and Types Internal Structures of Leaves Stomata Mesophyll and Veins Specialized Leaves Autumnal Changes in Color Abscission Relevance of Leaves Overview Some of

More information

THE STEMS. Botany nomenclature cards #24 - #34. 3 x 5 cards, blank labels, black pen. 2. Refer to 'The Plant' wall chart and point out the stem.

THE STEMS. Botany nomenclature cards #24 - #34. 3 x 5 cards, blank labels, black pen. 2. Refer to 'The Plant' wall chart and point out the stem. THE STEMS Materials A full stem (Ficus, Schefflera) collected by the teacher and/or the children Botany nomenclature cards #24 - #34 Magnifying glasses 3 x 5 cards, blank labels, black pen Group Presentation:

More information

Big Advantage!:Vegetative reproduction is a faster way to reproduce compared to sexual reproduction if the environment is favorable.

Big Advantage!:Vegetative reproduction is a faster way to reproduce compared to sexual reproduction if the environment is favorable. DAY 5 OF CHAPTER 25 NOTES http://www.toto.com/misha/mavica/folliage2.jpg Asexual reproduction in plants is also known as vegetative reproduction. Methods of vegetative reproduction include plant structures

More information

The secondary meristem result in growth in a lateral direction, such as the increase in girth of a tree.

The secondary meristem result in growth in a lateral direction, such as the increase in girth of a tree. Chapter 9b-Stems and Material Transport Woody plants produce wood tissue and bark through the activity of secondary meristems: The secondary meristem result in growth in a lateral direction, such as the

More information

UNIT 6 - STRUCTURES OF FLOWERING PLANTS & THEIR FUNCTIONS

UNIT 6 - STRUCTURES OF FLOWERING PLANTS & THEIR FUNCTIONS 6.1 Plant Tissues A tissue is a group of cells with common function, structures or both. In plants we can find 2 types of tissues: Meristem Permanent tissues Meristem is found in regions with continuous

More information

Anatomy of dicotyledonous plants

Anatomy of dicotyledonous plants Anatomy of dicotyledonous plants Differences between Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons All plants are classified as producing seeds or not producing seeds. Those that produce seeds are divided into flowering

More information

Plant Structure and Function

Plant Structure and Function Plant Structure and Function A Meridian Biology AP Study Guide by John Ho and Tim Qi Plant Terms Growth: Growth Types Type Location Description Primary Primary Vertical growth (up-down), dominant direction

More information

tree of life phylogeny gram stain morphology chapter 28-29, other groups of organisms Bacteria

tree of life phylogeny gram stain morphology chapter 28-29, other groups of organisms Bacteria tree of life chapter 28-29, other groups of organisms phylogeny key lineages of prokaryotes Domain Archaea (sister to eukarya) 3 clades defined by genetic characters Domain Bacteria Firmicutes Spirochaetes

More information

tree of life phylogeny morphology gram stain chapter 28-29, other groups of organisms Bacteria

tree of life phylogeny morphology gram stain chapter 28-29, other groups of organisms Bacteria tree of life chapter 28-29, other groups of organisms phylogeny key lineages of prokaryotes Domain Archaea (sister to eukarya) 3 clades defined by genetic characters Domain Bacteria Firmicutes Spirochaetes

More information

Page 1. Gross Anatomy of a typical plant (Angiosperm = Flowering Plant): Gross Anatomy of a typical plant (Angiosperm = Flowering Plant):

Page 1. Gross Anatomy of a typical plant (Angiosperm = Flowering Plant): Gross Anatomy of a typical plant (Angiosperm = Flowering Plant): Chapter 43: Plant Form and Function Gross Anatomy of a typical plant (Angiosperm = Flowering Plant): Root System Anchor plant Absorb water / nutrients Store surplus sugars Transport materials from / to

More information

Chapter 28 Active Reading Guide Plant Structure and Growth

Chapter 28 Active Reading Guide Plant Structure and Growth Name: AP Biology Mr. Croft Chapter 28 Active Reading Guide Plant Structure and Growth In this unit on plants, the challenge for students will be to learn the new vocabulary. As we work through this unit,

More information

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development Plant Structure, Growth, and Development Plant hierarchy: Cells Tissue: group of similar cells with similar function: Dermal, Ground, Vascular Organs: multiple kinds of tissue, very diverse function Organ

More information

Chapter 29. Table of Contents. Section 1 Plant Cells and Tissues. Section 2 Roots. Section 3 Stems. Section 4 Leaves. Plant Structure and Function

Chapter 29. Table of Contents. Section 1 Plant Cells and Tissues. Section 2 Roots. Section 3 Stems. Section 4 Leaves. Plant Structure and Function Plant Structure and Function Table of Contents Section 1 Plant Cells and Tissues Section 2 Roots Section 3 Stems Section 4 Leaves Section 1 Plant Cells and Tissues Objectives Describe the three basic types

More information

Bring Your Text to Lab!!!

Bring Your Text to Lab!!! Bring Your Text to Lab!!! Vascular Plant Anatomy: Flowering Plants Objectives: 1. To observe what the basic structure of vascular plants is, and how and where this form originates. 2. To begin to understand

More information

Roots anchor plants and absorb water and minerals in solution. A germinating seed radicle becomes the first root. Four zones, or regions, of young

Roots anchor plants and absorb water and minerals in solution. A germinating seed radicle becomes the first root. Four zones, or regions, of young Roots anchor plants and absorb water and minerals in solution. A germinating seed radicle becomes the first root. Four zones, or regions, of young roots are recognized: (1) A protective root cap that also

More information

Biology 2 Chapter 21 Review

Biology 2 Chapter 21 Review Biology 2 Chapter 21 Review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following is not a tissue system of vascular plants? a. vascular

More information

Honors Biology I Ch 29 Plant Structure & Function

Honors Biology I Ch 29 Plant Structure & Function 3 Basic types of plant cells Honors Biology I Ch 29 Plant Structure & Function 1) Parenchyma cells- loosely packed or cells with a and thin, Involved in metabolic functions 2) Collenchyma cells- thicker

More information

(A) Buds (B) Lateral meristem (C) Apical meristem (D) Stem (E) Trichomes

(A) Buds (B) Lateral meristem (C) Apical meristem (D) Stem (E) Trichomes AP Biology - Problem Drill 17: Plant Structure Question No. 1 of 10 1. What are hair-like outgrowths that protect and absorb nutrients? Question #01 (A) Buds (B) Lateral meristem (C) Apical meristem (D)

More information

BIOL 305L Laboratory One

BIOL 305L Laboratory One Please print Full name clearly: BIOL 305L Laboratory One General plant anatomy a great place to start! Introduction Botany is the science of plant life. Traditionally, the science included the study of

More information

Sept 26 - Lecture notes. Plant 1 tissues I: overview and leaves

Sept 26 - Lecture notes. Plant 1 tissues I: overview and leaves Plant 1 tissues I: overview and leaves The structure of a typical plant (we ll address this generalization later ) is organized at three levels: Organs: Over the next three lectures, and two labs, we consider

More information

Ch. 35 Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Ch. 35 Plant Structure, Growth, and Development Ch. 35 Plant Structure, Growth, and Development Feb 3 12:31 PM 1 Essential Question: How is the structure of the plant related to its function? Feb 3 12:32 PM 2 Tissue = a group of cells with a common

More information

PLANT TISSUES 12 MARCH 2014

PLANT TISSUES 12 MARCH 2014 PLANT TISSUES 12 MARCH 2014 Lesson Description In this lesson we: Identify the different types of plant tissue Be able to relate the different structures with the different functions Plant Tissue Summary

More information

Chapter 6. Biology of Flowering Plants. Anatomy Seedlings, Meristems, Stems, and Roots

Chapter 6. Biology of Flowering Plants. Anatomy Seedlings, Meristems, Stems, and Roots BOT 3015L (Outlaw/Sherdan/Aghoram); Page 1 of 6 Chapter 6 Biology of Flowering Plants Anatomy Seedlings, Meristems, Stems, and Roots Objectives Seedling germination and anatomy. Understand meristem structure

More information

Name: Plant stems and leaves (p. 1 of )

Name: Plant stems and leaves (p. 1 of ) Name: Plant stems and leaves (p. 1 of ) Introduction: Plants have a variety of configurations but the same basic structures. The three main parts of a plant are the roots, stems, and leaves. The tracheids

More information

CHAPTER 6 ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

CHAPTER 6 ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS 27 27 CHAPTER 6 ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. A transverse section of stem is stained first with safranin and then with fast green following the usual

More information

The Plant body has a hierarch of organs, tissues, and cells. [2]

The Plant body has a hierarch of organs, tissues, and cells. [2] GUIDED READING - Ch. 35 PLANT STRUCTURE NAME: Please print out these pages and HANDWRITE the answers directly on the printouts. Typed work or answers on separate sheets of paper will not be accepted. Importantly,

More information

DEPARTMENT OF LIFE AND CONSUMER SCIENCES. Plant Structure BOT1501. Semester I: Assignment no. 2 Memorandum

DEPARTMENT OF LIFE AND CONSUMER SCIENCES. Plant Structure BOT1501. Semester I: Assignment no. 2 Memorandum University Examinations DEPARTMENT OF LIFE AND CONSUMER SCIENCES Plant Structure BOT1501 Semester I: Assignment no. 2 Memorandum 2018 QUESTION 1 1.1 Primary growth is the production of new primary tissues

More information

today finish up cell division Continue intro to plant anatomy main plant organs basic anatomy: monocots versus dicots How to tell the organs apart

today finish up cell division Continue intro to plant anatomy main plant organs basic anatomy: monocots versus dicots How to tell the organs apart Download as an RTF file Download as a PDF file Biology 20 Fall 2001 Lecture #4 Jan 18, 2001 What did we get from last lecture? Plant anatomy introduction Tissue Types in plants Four basic tissue: meristem,

More information

B300 VASCULAR PLANTS LABORATORY 1

B300 VASCULAR PLANTS LABORATORY 1 B300 VASCULAR PLANTS LABORATORY 1 THE IDENTIFICATION OF TREES BASED ON WINTER TWIGS In this course you will learn, among other things, what kinds of organisms constitute the highly visible and important

More information

Plant Organization. Learning Objectives. Angiosperm Tissues. Angiosperm Body Plan

Plant Organization. Learning Objectives. Angiosperm Tissues. Angiosperm Body Plan Plant Organization Learning Objectives 1. List and give the major function of the three main types of plant tissues 2. Identify a monocot verses a eudicot plant by observing either root, stem, leaf, or

More information

23 Structure of Flowering Plants

23 Structure of Flowering Plants 23 Structure of Flowering Plants Flowering plants first evolved around 125 million years ago. www.mrcbiology.com 1 23 Structure of Flowering Plants www.mrcbiology.com 2 24 Structure of Flowering Plants

More information

Plant Structure and Growth

Plant Structure and Growth Plant Structure and Growth A. Flowering Plant Parts: The flowering plants or are the most diverse group of plants. They are divided into 2 classes and. Examples of monocots: Examples of dicots: The morphology

More information

Plant Structure and Function (Ch. 23)

Plant Structure and Function (Ch. 23) Plant Structure and Function (Ch. 23) Basic plant anatomy 1 root root tip root hairs Roots Roots anchor plant in soil, absorb minerals & water, & store food fibrous roots (1) mat of thin roots that spread

More information

Plant Organs. Roots & Stems

Plant Organs. Roots & Stems Plant Organs Roots & Stems I. Roots A. F(x)s = grow underground 1. Absorb water & nutrients from soil 2. Anchor plant in the soil 3. Make hormones important for growth & development I. Roots B. Structure

More information

Botany Basics. Botany is...

Botany Basics. Botany is... Botany Basics John Punches Oregon State University Botany is... The study of plants. 1 Plants in our Ecosystem Capture sun s energy Food source Replenish atmospheric oxygen Participate in water cycle Moderate

More information

PLANT TERMS Buds [V. Max Brown]

PLANT TERMS Buds [V. Max Brown] PLANT TERMS Buds A Bud is a vegetative shoot or flower (or both) that has not yet developed. It is a growing region (meristematic tissue) that is often enclosed by undeveloped (immature) or special protective

More information

13.2 The Vascular Plant Body (textbook p )

13.2 The Vascular Plant Body (textbook p ) 13.2 The Vascular Plant Body (textbook p544 550) Learning Goal: Label and explain the anatomy of the Vascular Plant and it's Tissue Types Plants are classified into two main groups: and. Vascular plants

More information

Fun with Botany 2009

Fun with Botany 2009 Fun with Botany 2009 Fun with Botany April, 2002 Plant Uses and Types Gymnosperms Angiosperms Monocots Dicots Gymnosperms Keep leaves which are either needles or flat scales Seeds are not enclosed Give

More information

TARGET STUDY MATERIAL

TARGET STUDY MATERIAL TARGET STUDY MATERIAL Plus-1 Botany VOL I TARGET EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION Target Educational institution is the one and only Entrance coaching and CBSE 10 th coaching centre at Mukkam with advanced technologies

More information

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development Chapter 35 Plant Structure, Growth, and Development PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions

More information

L a b 5 : S t r u c t u r e s o f M o n o c o t s v s. D i c o t s P a g e 1

L a b 5 : S t r u c t u r e s o f M o n o c o t s v s. D i c o t s P a g e 1 L a b 5 : S t r u c t u r e s o f M o n o c o t s v s. D i c o t s P a g e 1 Monocots vs. Dicots: Leaves LAB MANUAL OBJECTIVES 1. Differentiate between dicots and monocots by: a. Stem structure b. Leaf

More information

PLANT STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION Read pages Re-read and then complete the questions below.

PLANT STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION Read pages Re-read and then complete the questions below. PLANT STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION Read pages 600-602. Re-read and then complete the questions below. 1. PLANT TISSUES - plant tissues are made up of 3 basic cell types: Parenchyma, Collenchyma or Sclerenchyma

More information

3. Diagram a cladogram showing the evolutionary relationships among the four main groups of living plants.

3. Diagram a cladogram showing the evolutionary relationships among the four main groups of living plants. OBJECTIVE SHEET PLANTS Phylum: Coniferophyta (gymnosperms the conifers) Phylum: Anthophyta (angiosperms the flowering plants) 1. Explain the alternation of generations in the two-phase life cycle of all

More information

Plant Anatomy. By Umanga Chapagain

Plant Anatomy. By Umanga Chapagain Plant Anatomy By Umanga Chapagain PLANT ANATOMY The science of the structure of the organized plant body learned by dissection is called Plant Anatomy. In general, Plant Anatomy refers to study of internal

More information

CHAPTER 6 ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS

CHAPTER 6 ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS 84 BIOLOGY CHAPTER 6 ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS 6.1 The Tissues 6.2 The Tissue System 6.3 Anatomy of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous Plants 6.4 Secondary Growth You can very easily see the structural

More information

Plant Structure and Organization - 1

Plant Structure and Organization - 1 Plant Structure and Organization - 1 In our first unit of Biology 203 we will focus on the structure and function of the higher plants, in particular the angiosperms, or flowering plants. We will look

More information

From smallest to largest plants

From smallest to largest plants Plant anatomy From smallest to largest plants What is plant anatomy? ANATOMY: study of the structure of organisms looking at cells, tissues How can water move from the ground all the way to the top of

More information

! Xylem - Chief conducting tissue for water and minerals absorbed by the roots.

! Xylem - Chief conducting tissue for water and minerals absorbed by the roots. + Complex Tissues! Complex tissues are made up of two or more cell types.! Xylem - Chief conducting tissue for water and minerals absorbed by the roots.! Vessels - Made of vessel elements.! Long tubes

More information

Plant Anatomy AP Biology

Plant Anatomy AP Biology Plant Anatomy 2006-2007 Basic plant anatomy 1 root root tip root hairs Roots 1 Roots anchor plant in soil, absorb minerals & water, & store food fibrous roots (1) mat of thin roots that spread out monocots

More information

CHAPTER 6 ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS

CHAPTER 6 ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS 84 BIOLOGY CHAPTER 6 ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS 6.1 The Tissues 6.2 The Tissue System 6.3 Anatomy of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous Plants 6.4 Secondary Growth You can very easily see the structural

More information

A group of cells with common origin is called a tissue. The cells of a tissue usually perform a common function.

A group of cells with common origin is called a tissue. The cells of a tissue usually perform a common function. Anatomy of Flowering Plants Tissues A group of cells with common origin is called a tissue. The cells of a tissue usually perform a common function. Types of Tissue: There are two main types of plant tissues,

More information

ARE YOU familiar with the sayings Get to

ARE YOU familiar with the sayings Get to Root Anatomy ARE YOU familiar with the sayings Get to the root of the problem or the root of all evil? Both these sayings suggest that the root is an essential part of something. With plants, the essential

More information

Master Gardeners. Botany for the Gardener. Developed by Steve Dubik.

Master Gardeners. Botany for the Gardener. Developed by Steve Dubik. Master Gardeners Botany for the Gardener Developed by Steve Dubik sdubik@umd.edu Steve.dubik@montgomerycollege.edu 1 Plant cell Basic building block of life. 2 Plant cell - key points Cell membrane Cytoplasm

More information

IX. PRIMARY STEM STRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT Bot 404 Fall 2004

IX. PRIMARY STEM STRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT Bot 404 Fall 2004 IX. PRIMARY STEM STRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT Bot 404 Fall 2004 A. Shoot apex -plants have an open system of growth, therefore the ability (at least potentially) to continue growth because there is a meristem

More information

Life Science Chapter 11 SEED PLANTS PART 2

Life Science Chapter 11 SEED PLANTS PART 2 Life Science Chapter 11 SEED PLANTS PART 2 Advanced Seed Producing Advanced Seed Producing Vascular Plants Class: Gymnospermae Class: Angiospermae» Subclass: Monocotyledoneae» Subclass: Dicotyledoneae

More information

Introduction to Botany. Lecture 25

Introduction to Botany. Lecture 25 Introduction to Botany. Lecture 25 Alexey Shipunov Minot State University November 2, 2015 Shipunov (MSU) Introduction to Botany. Lecture 25 November 2, 2015 1 / 33 Outline 1 Questions and answers 2 Stem

More information

Plant Structure and Function. Roots, Stems, and Leaves

Plant Structure and Function. Roots, Stems, and Leaves Plant Structure and Function Roots, Stems, and Leaves What is a Plant? Plants are living things that have: roots, stems, and leaves (some have flowers) Plants are made of cells that have cell walls, a

More information

Chapter 35: Plant Structure, Growth and Development - No two Plants Are Alike Plant structure

Chapter 35: Plant Structure, Growth and Development - No two Plants Are Alike Plant structure Chapter 35: Plant Structure, Growth and Development - No two Plants Are Alike Plant structure Systems Root and Shoot system Organs Roots, Stems, Leaves Tissues Dermal, Vascular, Ground Cells parencyma,

More information

THE TISSUES A tissue is a group of cells having a common origin and usually performing a common function. Tissues. Parenchyma

THE TISSUES A tissue is a group of cells having a common origin and usually performing a common function. Tissues. Parenchyma 1 CHAPTER 6 ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS Study of internal structure of plants is called anatomy. Plants have cells as the basic unit, cells are organised into tissues and in turn the tissues are organised

More information