An operational geostationary satellite data product for detecting high ice water content

Transcription

1 An operational geostationary satellite data product for detecting high ice water content Jos de Laat #, Jan Fokke Meirink E. Defer, F. Parol, J. Delanoe, J.-M. Moisselin, A. Gounou, S. Turner, F. Dezitter, A. Camels. Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute

2 HAIC - FP7, 5 th call Date 07/11/2017 Presented by Jos de Laat Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) Prepared by Jos de Laat, Jan Fokke Meirink + data/input/feedback HAIC SP3 collaborators An operational geostationary satellite data product for detecting high ice water content WMO AeroMetSci Toulouse 2017 HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017

3 HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals Content Contents In-Service icing Satellite-based MSG-CPP High Ice Water Content mask Product evaluation with field campaign data other satellite data Conclusions, outlook HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 3

4 HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (HAIC) HAIC was a large-scale integrated project which aims at enhancing aircraft safety when flying in mixed phase and glaciated icing conditions. European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for research Coordinated by AIRBUS, the HAIC Consortium brought together 34 partners from 11 European countries and 5 International partners from Australia, Canada and the United States. Start August 2012, Completed January Field campaigns, data analysis, sensor development, laboratory test facility development and experiments, numerical tools development, (satellite) data product development and evaluation HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 4

5 HAIC justification & basic scientific understanding High Altitude Ice (Crystals), In-Service icing (mixed-phase or glaciation) aviation hazard, first identified in the late 1990s early 2000s - high altitude ice deposition on cold aircraft surfaces aerodynamic properties engine performance inlets and nozzles malfunctioning of sensors loss of engine power and worse Recognition of this hazard may lead to changes in regulation research needed HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 5

6 HAIC justification & basic scientific understanding Reported events: - 20% in deep convective cores - 80% elsewhere - These events are typically associated with: - high cloud water content - weak to modest atmospheric instability - modest wind shear - no/weak on-board weather radar reflectances - Suspicion is that large numbers of tiny ice particles are relevant. (note: 80/20 ratio may be because aircraft generally avoid deep convective cores) HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 6

7 HAIC satellite measurements Workpackage SP3: detection of icing conditions using satellite measurements SP 3.2: detection of high ice water content (HIWC) situations derived from geostationary satellite imagers, in particular the MSG-SEVIRI (Meteosat Second Generation). KNMI Cloud Physical Parameter (CPP) retrieval algorithm CPP provides information on cloud physical properties from the geostationary SEVIRI instrument on board of METEOSAT 8/9/10. HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 7

8 MSG-CPP products Keep in mind: - imagery every 15 minutes (daytime) - passive sensor (reflected sunlight + emitted infrared earth radiation) - geostationary: satellite constantly views the same Earth disc - Important: SEVIRI (geostationary) is passive sensor, looking down to earth no information in/below clouds. HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 8

9 MSG-CPP cloud properties ID Product Unit CLDMASK Cloud Fraction [-] CPH Cloud Thermodynamic Phase (ice or water) [-] COT Cloud Optical Thickness [-] REFF Effective particle size [m] CTT Cloud Top Temperature [K] CTH Cloud Top Height [m] DCLD * Geometrical Cloud Depth [m] DnDv * Droplet Number Concentration [m -3 ] CWP ** Condensed Water Path [kg m -2 ] PRECIP Precipitation rate [m/hr] Table 1: List of MSG Cloud Physical Products and their reported validation accuracies *): These products are only retrieved for liquid water clouds **): Note, this is a combined product. The CWP for liquid water clouds represents the Liquid Water Path, CWP for ice clouds represents the Ice Water Path. HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 9

10 HIWC mask development & verification I. Field campaign data (cloud radar on board research planes) Cayenne, French Guyana, May 2015 II. One full year of DARDAR data (3424 orbits) orbits, 1 cloud profile every 1 km, processing 1.2 Tb of data, III.CPP & High IWC detection for other geostationary satellite HIMAWARI/AHI (Japanese East Asia, Australia) Support for HAIC field campaign in Darwin, Australian, January 2016 Verification with DARDAR What combination of CPP cloud parameters to identify HIWC clouds? HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 10

11 MSG-CPP HIWC mask development Goal: to detect atmospheric scenes with IWC > 1.0 g/m 3 ( High IWC) High IWC threshold may be exceeded anywhere in a cloud (vertical). use (satellite) measurements of vertical cloud profiles data from active cloud sensors - CLOUDSAT/CALIPSO (DARDAR product; Univ. Lille) - curtain plots cloud slices example: SEVIRI cloud height & orbit DARDAR orbit HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 11

12 MSG-CPP HIWC mask Goal: to detect atmospheric scenes with IWC > 1.0 g/m 3 ( High IWC) High IWC threshold may be exceeded anywhere in the cloud (vertical) DARDAR-based MSG-CPP High IWC mask 1. The cloud phase ice 2. Condensed water path > 100 g/m 2 3. Cloud top temperature < 270 K 4. Cloud optical thickness > 20 Mask identifies satellite cloud scenes most likely to contain HIWC Paper: de Laat et al. [2017; doi: /amt ] Note: there are different ways of doing this (paper of USA colleagues is under review) HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 12

13 Operational KNMI CPP near-real-time web portal High IWC mask HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 13

14 HIM-CPP: support for DARWIN A340 campaign using Japanese geostationary satellite Development of dedicated HIM-CPP chain by KNMI (data only public late 2015 by JAXA) Adaptation and tuning of the CPP algorithms to the HIMAWARI/AHI channels Implementation for real time display via KNMI web portal Limited area (not full disc) to get fast access to data on ftp-sever test of product in different environment Zoom on CPP image HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) KNMI HIM-CPP web portal HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 14

15 HIWC mask verification results Probability of detection (POD) of HIWC 60-80% POD 90-99% if the following is taken into account satellite pixel size dimensions (size) of cloud systems altitude of High Ice Water Content false alarm rate (FAR) 80% but dependent on satellite pixel size FAR decreases to 10-30% if satellite pixel size taken into account Viewing angle/solar angle biases Trade-off: better detection more false alarms overall: decent performance (Technical Readiness Level 6 reached) HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 15

16 DARDAR (2008) & CPP ( ) climatologies (work in progress) DARDAR 2008 IWC DARDAR IWC above 8 km altitude MSG CPP High IWC climatology occurences > 1.0 g/m 3 (8 km = approximately FL 27000) numbers indicate the total number of occurences within 10º 10º intervals - colors are associated with numbers, colors are only indicative 1. number of high IWC events above 8 km (cruising) altitude is very small (< 0.01 % of the time) 2. 90% of occurrence of high IWC above 8 km is in the tropics HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 16

17 In conclusion SEVIRI (geostationary) CPP High IWC mask Evaluated against on-board cloud radar measurements during field campaigns Evaluated against satellite LIDAR measurements (full year 2008) Applied to other geostationary satellite data & performance verified Successful in detecting scenes with high IWC (> 1 g/m 2 ) somewhere in the vertical (cloud) POD 60-80% (with assumptions 90-99%) FAR 80% (with assumptions 10-30%) Better detection of high IWC in upper part of (convective) clouds Technical Readiness Level 6 (TRL 6) reached in 2016 Operationally available via KNMI MSG-CPP web portal Transferable to other geostationary satellites (Asia, Americas) Limitations Daytime only Latency approximately 30 minutes (data available 30 minutes after the measurement) Solar zenith angle and viewing angle biases Useful for tactical and strategic flight planning (see my other talk on Thursday) HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 17

18 Final remarks [1] In-Service icing events are rare and therefore still poorly characterized in terms of under what meteorological conditions they occurr [2] (near-)real-time environmental information in the cockpit = future better be prepared (see talk on Thursday) HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 18

19 High Altitude Ice Crystals (HAIC, ) This document and the information contained are HAIC Contractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without HAIC Contractors prior written authorization This project has received funding from the European Union s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement n ACP2-GA Thank you for supporting material available + more examples + papers/documents get in touch: laatdej@knmi.nl approach me during conference

20 High Altitude Ice Crystals (HAIC, ) This document and the information contained are HAIC Contractors property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without HAIC Contractors prior written authorization This project has received funding from the European Union s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement n ACP2-GA HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 20

21 MSG-CPP HIWC mask climatology snow on ground sea ice corridors outflow hot spots 3 different satellites with slightly different subsatellite points (colors = number of occurences) HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 21

22 HAIC Cayenne 2015 field campaign: diurnal cycle sunrise sunset Graph: courtesy F. Dezitter, AIRBUS maximum, at UTC (for HIWC mask shifted by 0.5 hours) Diurnal cycle of High IWC mask for the larger Cayenne region (month of May, average) HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 22

23 MSG-CPP High IWC mask & MODIS (1/2) MODIS CPP comparison MODIS has much smaller pixels and fewer viewing angle issues MODIS is in A-train constellation HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 23

24 MSG-CPP High IWC mask & MODIS (2/2) Courtesy F. Parol & co HAIC High Altitude Ice Crystals (314314) Date 07/11/2017 Page 24