Molly McCammon Alaska Ocean Observing System October 15, 2012

Transcription

1 Molly McCammon Alaska Ocean Observing System October 15, 2012

2 Marine Operations Safe a& efficient shipping & recreational boating, search & rescue, spill response & offshore energy development Weather & sea state conditions for mariners Improved wind & ocean current nowcasts/foercasts Improved sea ice extent & trajectory nowcasts/forecasts Real time surface currents for Coast Guard SAR operations Improved communications of vessel location & weather & sea state Real time surface currents for oil spill trajectories Ocean circulation models & forecasts Atmospheric & oceanographic info Integrated physical/chemical/biological data for response planning Coastal Hazards Hazard & disaster info Improved extreme weather event forecasts Increased water level observations & inundation forecasts Increased wave observations Improved sea ice extent, trajectory forecasts Ecosystems & Climate Trends Seasonal, inter-annual & long-term change Biological, chemical & physical parameter trends over time Habitat change Sea level rise Ocean acidification 2

3 NASA Modis satellite image Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort Seas - Direct exchange between the Pacific and Arctic-Atlantic Seasonally ice covered, high biological productivity Key climate regulator on short and long time scales 3

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5 Primary funding sources in Arctic National Science Foundation* BOEM(RE), former MMS* Industry: Shell, CP, Statoil, BP* Other federal agencies: USGS, NOAA, EPA, USFWS State agencies: ADF&G, ADEC North Pacific Research Board Other (e.g., North Slope Borough, AOOS, NGOs) Federal research commitment to Arctic: estimated at $400m/year (includes satellites) 5

6 Primary coordination/collaboration entities many w/stakeholder advice North Slope Science Initiative Alaska Ocean Observing System North Pacific Research Board US Arctic Research Commission/Interagency Arctic Research and Policy Committee (IARPC) DOI LCCs, DOI Climate Center, NOAA Climate Service AK Climate Change Executive Roundtable ACCAP Co-management groups: whaling, walrus, beluga North Pacific Fishery Management Council Alaska Arctic Policy Commission (new) AK Marine Ecosystem Forum (active?) NSF s ARCUS ARCTIC COUNCIL 6

7 BOEM , about $10-15m a year: $60-75m Studies focus on info needed to assess potential environmental problems w/o&g activities Ocean circulation, baseline chemistry, physics & biology, habitat, fate & effects of oil, protected species, subsistence Identified need for more synthesis: physics & marine mammal synthesis underway 7

8 Industry Offshore work: primarily Shell, ConocoPhillips, & Statoil, some BP $20-40m a year, including ship time Joint environmental studies in Chukchi Individual companies: weather buoys & sea ice SAR images: to aid research & exploration vessels Shell: $4-5m/yr to NSB for science studies Joint Industry Program (JIP): industry cooperative to fund studies important to entire international industry (cleanup of oil in ice) 8

9 North Pacific Research Board : $52m joint study in Bering Sea w/nsf FY 11: $400k in data rescue, Arctic cod, algal toxins in marine mammals FY 12 RFP: $400k for specific work in Arctic cod, fish, fish habitat, lower trophic levels & primary production, walrus, belugas & ice seals; additional $400k to non-specific Arctic FY 12 RFP w/nsf: $1.5m for synthesis & gap analysis (industry funded) Product will help inform joint NPRB/NSF/plus others major integrated research program beginning 2014 NPRB Arctic funding commitment planned: $3m min (plus staff time) 9

10 US Arctic Observing Coordination Mtg, March 2012: meet mgmt needs Sea Ice Forecasting Workshops NPRB/NSF synthesis & proposed ecosystem studies Sikuliaq launch Coast Guard study of Bering Strait NOAA Arctic Vision & Strategy AK Sea Grant workshop in Bering Strait, spring 2013 Natl Ocean Policy: Arctic Strategic Action Plan DOI/UASARC: Arctic portal & integrated mgmt NRC Study on Arctic oil spills 10

11 Arctic Information: a mix of players Where do you go? 3 major data portals: NSSI, AOOS & ACADIS AOOS Arctic Assets Map

12 Geographic Information Network of Alaska: GINA Support for North Slope Science Initiative 12

13 Arctic Observing Network: ACADIS 13

14 Ocean.data.gov 14

15 Marine Cadastre: BOEM support 15

16 Arctic ERMA 16

17 USARC Arctic Data Portal? 17

18 Linking AOOS data applications View multiple types of data on one interface Sensors Models Remote Sensing GIS & project data In-situ observations View available time ranges for each layer Download data sets simultaneously Follow links to data sources Data management for integrated research projects Coastal marine spatial planning tools Public access to industry data AOOS Ocean Portal

19 Arctic Research Assets Map Used for research planning. Reduce duplication of effort Identify gaps Avoid collisions Opportunities for collaboration Holistic view of research effort Includes ship & aircraft tracks Have added studies; now expanding to western AK and then statewide

20 Over 3,000 sensors Air temp Barometric Pressure Currents Water level Ground temp Precipitation Humidity Salinity Snow depth Stream flow Stream height Tides Water temp Web cams Weather Wind More. 20

21 Useful Parameters Air Temp Currents Dew point Ground Temp Precipitation Relative Humidity Salinity Sea Ice Snow Depth Snow Water Equivalent Water Level (tides) Water Temperature Waves Wind 21

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23 Ocean Portal: Cook Inlet Demonstration 23

24 STAMP Project Spatial Tools for Arctic Mapping & Planning Strong state support for data integration Focus on identifying needs for data layers for decision support: human uses, 20 year climate scenarios, environmental (physical, biological, chemical) What info do stakeholders need to plan for potential commercial fisheries in Arctic? What tools do decisionmakers need? Scenarios? Cumulative impacts? 1.5 year, $760k No Bering & Chukchi Seas Partners: AOOS, UA, TNC

25 STAMP: Sea Ice Concentration (Daily Snapshot 1978-Current) D 25

26 Industry/NOAA Data Sharing MOA Signed in August by NOAA & 3 companies: Shell, Statoil & ConocoPhillips Umbrella agreement committing industry to sharing data with government and public 1 st priority: Annex #1, met ocean data in real-time to assist weather forecasting & sea ice images for forecasting now signed 2 nd priority: Annex #2, historic met-ocean data and nonreal time environmental studies data, sign in Nov. 3 rd priority: Annex #3, hydrographic & bathymetry surveys for charting, habitat mapping AOOS Data Portal: public access to industry data NOAA data centers: archives and access

27 Observations: 5 year physical oceanography study: Scientific Mission Study area ~1.0 Sv mean transport through Bering Strait IOOS- AOOS Glider survey line Exchange with the Arctic proper is not well known. Schematic advection pathways, but details are largely 27 missing

28 Glider tracks, mooring array and HF radar coverage HFR HFR HFR

29 Webb Slocum G2 glider after a 2.5 month mission AUV operations in 2010 and 2011 using 3 Webb Slocum gliders performing > 6000 km of track length, collecting >20,000 CTD profiles. Also equipped with Wetlabs three-channel Eco Pucks for sampling hydrocarbon/cdom and chlorophyll. Longest single mission duration 2.5 months using lithium batteries. Small 30 fast local landing vessel for deployments and recoveries. Deploying gliders of the 32 vessel Tukpuk 2012: HF radar units are operational. AUV glider, drifter and mooring deployments will start in mid August.

30 CODAR HF Radar Hourly 2-D current vectors over ~160 km offshore. Remote Power Module (RPM) Fully-automated, solar and wind hybrid station provides power to HF radars, AIS and ship tracking. Designed to operate in arctic and subarctic maritime environments. Operate 5 units in remote Arctic Alaskan villages (Barrow, Wainwright and Point Lay) from June to October.

31 Two main circulation modes: Four-day average HF radar surface current vectors Divergent mode Continuous (reversed) mode

32 Vessel Traffic Identified by AIS 32

33 Simulated HF Radar Derived Ship Detections Range, Range Rate and Bearing 33

34 Disseminating Weather Info over AIS Current Situation Most vessels in AK receive real time weather data over VHF radio but coverage is limited and inefficient. AK has an existing network of 80+ AIS receiving stations. Many vessels have AIS transceivers already connected to this network. AOOS Plan: Develop pilot program (Homer & Juneau) to enhance existing AIS receiving stations to collect and broadcast real-time weather conditions and forecasts. Allow captains to see real-time ocean conditions on their AIS screens. Incrementally expand the number of AIS broadcast/wx stations.

35 Future direction: Establish repeat glider transects onshelf and shelfbreak-to-deep Arctic Develop under-ice AUV capabilities Coastal glider and MBARI Tethys Extend HF radar network to cover the Arctic Alaska coastline Glider lines Mooring lines Intense surveys 35

36 Success Stories Making a Difference Optimizing HF Radar for SAR using USCG Surface Drifters Art Allen U.S. Coast Guard Scott Glenn Rutgers University Mid-Atlantic Regional Association Coastal Ocean Observing System 36

37 5000 Virtual Drifters 24 Hours Into Search HYCOM Low Confidence CODAR High Confidence 37

38 5000 Virtual Drifters 48 Hours Into Search HYCOM Low Confidence CODAR High Confidence 38

39 5000 Virtual Drifters 72 Hours Into Search HYCOM Low Confidence CODAR High Confidence 39

40 5000 Virtual Drifters 96 Hours Into Search HYCOM Low Confidence CODAR High Confidence 40

41 5000 Virtual Drifters Search Area After 96 Hours 154 km 100 km 232 km 123 km HYCOM CODAR 36,000 km 2 12,000 km 2 41

42 MARACOOS CODAR deemed Operational in SAROPS Present Activity: Bring all sustained regional-scale HFR networks up to operational status in USCG SAROPS 3 West Coast Regions for California & Oregon are ready. 42

43 Need to coordinate & integrate the Arctic data portals Need to develop clear operational needs for Arctic observations Need to learn from Deepwater Horizon: need for sub-surface monitoring is just as critical as surface 43

44 Acknowledgements: Axiom Consulting & Design, and many, many other partners on the federal, state, regional, and local level 44