Copernicus Sentinel Earth Observation Hyperspectral Instruments - short overview on calibration
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1 Copernicus Sentinel Earth Observation Hyperspectral Instruments - short overview on calibration Berit Ahlers, Matthias Erdmann (ESA ESTEC); Pepijn Veefkind (KNMI); Marcel Dobber (EUMETSAT) 25 th Calcon, Utah 23 Aug 2016
2 Initiative headed by the European Commission in partnership with the European Space Agency and EUMETSAT Sentinel-1: Radar Imaging Mission for land and ocean services Sentinel-2: High resolution wide swath Optical Mission for land services Sentinel-3: Medium Resolution Optical Imaging and Altimetry Mission Sentinel-4: Geostationary Atmospheric Chemistry Mission Sentinel-5P: Low Earth Orbit Atmospheric Chemistry Precursor Mission Sentinel-5: Low Earth Orbit Atmospheric Chemistry Mission Slide 2 Sentinel-6, Jason-CS: Altimetry Mission
3 Sentinels: 7 missions to monitor the Earth Sentinel-1 A/B/C/D Sentinel-2 A/B/C/D Sentinel-3 A/B/C/D Sentinel-5P Sentinel-4 A/B (MTG-S) Sentinel-5 A/B/C (MetOp-SG Sat A) Sentinel-6 JASON-CS A/B Slide 3
4 S4, S5, S5p Sentinel-5 Precursor, developed to reduce data gaps between Envisat, in particular the Sciamachy instrument, and the launch of Sentinel-5, is a joint initiative between ESA and the Netherlands the mission comprises a satellite and a UVNS instrument called TropOMI. TropOMI has been calibrated onground last year and will fly in low Earth orbit. The Sentinel-4 Ultra-violet/Visible/Near-Infrared (UVN) sounder covering the needs for continuous monitoring of atmospheric composition in high temporal and spatial resolution from a geostationary orbit, is in phase C. Sentinel-5, its low Earth orbit companion, has finalized the last procurements for its calibration. Slide 4
5 Wavelength coverage [nm] S4 (geo) S5 S5p/TropOMI UV UVVIS NIR SWIR SWIR Slide 5
6 on MTG-S Satellite: Meteosat Third Generation Sounder Sentinel-4 UV-Visible-Near infrared (UVN) Spectrometer Slide 6
7 calibration sources external Fraunhofer lines atmospheric lines Sun/ Moon zenith sky stars OGSE s vicarious Sun Baffle NIR FPA NIR Spectrometer Optical Assembly Grating LED (red) dead/bad pixel pixel gain pixel linearity 2 diffusers daily monthly Diffuser Wheel Slide 7 Z UVN WLS PRNU radiometric stability degradation UV-VIS FPA LED (blue) Y UVN X UVN Courtesy of Airbus Defence & Space
8 Sentinel 5 on MetOp-Second Generation-A IASI-NG METimage Sentinel-5 Courtesy of Airbus Defence & Space 295 kg 300 W 20 Mbit/s 1.1x1.0x1.0 m 3 MWS 3MI Slide 8
9 S5 CAS & TSBOA UV2Vis Spectro UV1 Spectro Courtesy of Airbus Defence & Space NIR Spectro Slide 9 SWIR Spectro FPA
10 Slide 10 TropOMI/ Sentinel 5 Precursor
11 On-ground calibration All measurements done in vacuum under flight representative conditions Instrument on cradle in thermal vacuum chamber OGSE in front of TVC in cleanroom S4 S5 S5p/TropOMI RAL/ UK RAL/ UK CSL/ Belgium Slide 11
12 S5p TropOMI in TVC on cradle at CSL Photo: Airbus Defence & Space Netherlands Slide 12
13 Rutherford Appleton Laboratories/UK new building status 17 Feb 2015 Slide RAL Space
14 RAL Space Calibration facility for S4/S5 2x 5m Loading Optical tests > RAL Space > RAL Space Slide 14
15 Optical Ground Support Equipment - radiometric FEL (+ ext diffuser) Sun (beam) simulator Integrating sphere Slide 15 OGSE S4 S5 S5p/TropOMI FEL (+diff) FEL (+ODIFF) FEL (+diff) SBS SUSI Sun simulator ISP (1m) ISPH (1m) (0.5m) OGSE diffuser Diff (Spectralon) ODIFF (Spectralon) 300 x 300 mm 2 (Sphere Optics) Black bodies NA x x
16 FEL lamp/ integrating sphere/ diffuser as part of OGSE Slide 16 > OMI calibration at TNO
17 Optical Ground Support Equipment - white light OGSE S4 S5 S5p/TropOMI Quartz tungsten halogen x SM-QTH x Xenon x SM-XE 300 W/ 1000 W Polarisation x MISC-PM x Slide 17
18 Optical Ground Support Equipment - spectral/ straylight OGSE S4 S5 S5p/TropOMI Narrow line source Spectral line source laser SM-NLS echelle/ laser PtCrNeAr-lamp, M 2 SM-SLS PtCrNeAr-lamp, HgAr, laser Laser Ekspla, M 2 SM-LASER Ekspla, VSL OPO Gas cells not planned MISC-CELL Filter (wheel) x MISC-FM Slide 18 CO, CH 4, N 2, N 2.90/CO double filter wheel
19 Optical Ground Support Equipment - geo OGSE S4 S5 S5p/TropOMI Star stimulus x x x Geometric x GIO-US, GIO-VN, GRO-US, GRO-VN x Targets x Field targets x Slide 19
20 Ground pixel size S4 8x8 km 2 S5/S5p 7x7 km 2 Amsterdam Slide 20
21 On-board calibration sources Cal source S4 S5 S5p/TropOMI White light WLS in CAA WLS in CAS WLS in CAL Spectral light - Laser diode (SWIR) SLS in CAL LED FPA FPA C-LED and D-LED Diffuser nominal QVD transm. HOD-transm. QVD prism Diffuser reference QVD transm. HOD-Transm. QVD prism Slide 21
22 In flight calibration S5 Two CAS, one US one VN VN: UV2VIS and NIR spectrometers US: UV1 and SWIR spectrometers IN-FLIGHT CALIBRATION RADIOMETRIC SPECTRAL GEOMETRIC SOLAR NOMINAL SUN DIFFUSER - Absolute Cal - Resp. non-unif. ON-BOARD SOURCES WHITE LAMP SOURCE - Resp. nonuniformity DARK SIGNAL SHUTTER - Dark signal - DSNU MASKED PIXELS FRAUHOFER LINES - Center wavelength - Smile ABSORPTION FEATURES IN RADIANCE SPECTRA - Center wavelength - Smile Ground Control Points - LOS calibration Slide 22 REFERENCE SUN DIFFUSER - Monitoring diffuser degradation LEDs in front of detector - Dead/bad pixel identification - Non-linearity - Dark signal - CCD smear MEASUREM. IN ECLIPSE - Dark signal (RTS) TUNEABLE LASER DIODES - Spectral response in NIR/SWIR
23 Thank you for your attention! Copernicus 4_-5_and_-5P TropOMI KNMI EUMETSAT
24 Apportionment delicate balance space segment compliance with instrument Level 1b requirements at Begin Of Life and End Of Life operation data processing instrument design opto-mechanical thermal electrical I/F optimisation considering instrument performance at L1b accuracy budgets and programmatic aspects L0-L1b ATBD L1b calibration L0/L1b on-ground Slide 24 ATBD algorithm theoretical basis document
25 Radiometric measurements Using different radiometric sources is absolutely essential to obtain required radiometric accuracy and to quantify measurement uncertainties. Product Msm Comment Refl 2I/2R Best (calibration keydata) OGSE Radiance Irradiance 1 FEL 1R 1I 2 SBS 2R 2I 3 Integrating Sphere 3R Measurement sequence include: Absolute radiance/ irradiance/ reflectance Irradiance goniometry Radiance angular dependency Refl_FEL 1I/1R Analysis result from measurement expected to be less good Abs_Rad 1R Calibration keydata (expected to be the most accurate key parameter to be used for L0 to L1b processing) Abs_Irrad Abs_Rad x Refl Best (expected to be the most accurate key parameter to be used for L0 to L1b processing) Abs_Irrad_FEL 1I Analysis result from measurement expected to be less good Ang_dept _sphere 3R Radiance angular dependence Refl_sphere 3I/3R Instrument BSDF Abs_Rad 3R Radiance angular dependency & calibration keydata (to be used in L0 to 1 processing in case more accurate than Abs_Rad) Abs_Irrad Slide 25 Abs_Rad x Refl Calibration keydata (to be used in L0 to 1 processing in case more accurate than Abs_Irrad) 3I
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