Next generation of EUMETSAT microwave imagers and sounders: new opportunities for cloud and precipitation retrieval

Transcription

1 Next generation of EUMETSAT microwave imagers and sounders: new opportunities for cloud and precipitation retrieval Christophe Accadia, Sabatino Di Michele, Vinia Mattioli, Jörg Ackermann, Sreerekha Thonipparambil, Peter Schlüssel 1 8th IPWG and 5th IWSSM Joint Workshop, 3-7 October, 2016

2 EPS-SG: EUMETSAT Polar System - Second Generation The EUMETSAT Polar System (EPS) in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) will be followed by a second generation system (EPS-SG). now European contribution to the Joint Polar System set up with NOAA Same orbit as Metop platforms (sun-synchronous, 832 km mean altitude, 09:30 local time of the descending node) Many missions, two platforms needed 2 8th IPWG and 5th IWSSM Joint Workshop, 3-7 October, 2016

3 EPS-SG Programme - Objectives Primary mission: to further improve observational inputs to Numerical Weather Prediction. Continuation and enhancement of service from mid morning polar orbit in Significant contributions to other real time applications: Nowcasting at high latitudes Marine meteorology and operational oceanography Operational hydrology Air quality monitoring Climate monitoring: to expand by 20+ years the EUMETSAT contribution to climate data records initiated in 2006 with EPS (first generation). 3 8th IPWG and 5th IWSSM Joint Workshop, 3-7 October, 2016

4 EPS-SG Payload Complement and Heritage Metop-SG A Optical Imagery and Sounding Instrument Predecessor on Metop Infrared Atmospheric Sounding (IAS) IASI-NG IASI Microwave Sounding (MWS) MWS AMSU-A, MHS Visible-infrared Imaging (VII) METimage AVHRR Radio Occultation (RO) RO GRAS UV/VIS/NIR/SWIR Sounding (UVNS) Sentinel-5 GOME-2 Multi-viewing, -channel, -polarisation Imaging (3MI) Metop-SG B Microwave Imaging 3MI -/- Instrument Predecessor on Metop Scatterometer (SCA) SCA ASCAT Radio Occultation (RO) RO GRAS Microwave Imaging for Precipitation (MWI) MWI -/- Ice Cloud Imager (ICI) ICI -/- Advanced Data Collection System (ADCS) Argos-4 A-DCS Slide: 4 4 8th IPWG and 5th IWSSM Joint Workshop, 3-7 October, 2016

5 Microwave Imager (MWI) Heritage channels (e.g. SSM/I, AMSR-E) All MWI channels up to 89 GHz measured with both vertical (V) and horizontal (H) polarisations Innovative set of channels in the oxygen absorption band near GHz and 118 GHz. Enabling the retrieval of information on weak precipitation and snowfall Channels MWI-13 to MWI-18 provide information on water vapour profiles and snowfall. Less sensitive to surface, more usable globally and enabling cloud slicing Channel Frequency (GHz) Bandwidth (MHz) NEDT (K) Polarisation Footprint Size 3dB (km) MWI V, H 50 MWI V, H 50 MWI V, H 30 MWI V, H 30 MWI V, H 30 MWI V, H 30 MWI V, H 30 MWI V, H 10 MWI ±3.20 2x V 10 MWI ±2.10 2x V 10 MWI ±1.40 2x V 10 MWI ±1.20 2x V 10 MWI ±0.75 2x V 10 MWI ±7.0 2x V 10 MWI ±6.1 2x V 10 MWI ±4.9 2x V 10 MWI ±3.4 2x V 10 MWI ±2.0 2x V 10 MWI expected performance 5 8th IPWG and 5th IWSSM Joint Workshop, 3-7 October, 2016

6 Ice Cloud Imager (ICI) Novel mission, first in space In support of a synergetic use of MWI and ICI both instruments carry common spectral channels at 183 GHz. Set of channels providing information related to total vertical column of cloud ice and ice particles size Use of channels around weak absorption lines (around GHz and 448 GHz) allows performing cloud slicing Channel Frequency (GHz) Bandwidth (MHz) NEDT (K) Polarisation ICI ±7.0 2x V ICI ±3.4 2x V ICI ±2.0 2x V ICI ±2.5 2x V, H ICI ±9.5 2x V ICI ±3.5 2x V ICI ±1.5 2x V ICI-8 448±7.2 2x V ICI-9 448±3.0 2x V ICI ±1.4 2x V ICI ±4.2 2x V, H Footprint Size 3dB (km) 16 ICI expected performance 6 8th IPWG and 5th IWSSM Joint Workshop, 3-7 October, 2016

7 Microwave Sounder (MWS): Comparison with Heritage Instruments 7 8th IPWG and 5th IWSSM Joint Workshop, 3-7 October, 2016

8 MWS: Comparison with Heritage Instruments Instantaneous Footprint Diameters near Nadir Observation Frequency (GHz) AMSU-A/MHS ATMS MWS km 75 km 40 km km 75 km 40 km km 32 km 20 km km/ 16 km 32 km 17 km km 16 km 17 km km 16 km 17 km 229 N/A N/A 17 km 8 8th IPWG and 5th IWSSM Joint Workshop, 3-7 October, 2016

9 MWS, MWI and ICI channels MWI MWS ICI Bizzarri et Al. 9 8th IPWG and 5th IWSSM Joint Workshop, 3-7 October, 2016

10 Atmospheric transmission High frequency channels will sense the surface in the polar regions Prigent et Al th IPWG and 5th IWSSM Joint Workshop, 3-7 October, 2016

11 Mission Products MWS MWI ICI Radiances for direct assimilation into NWP Cloud and precipitation including bulk microphysical variables Total column water vapour over ocean Water vapour and temperature profiles Radiances for direct assimilation into NWP Cloud and precipitation including bulk microphysical variables Total column water vapour over ocean Water vapour and temperature gross profiles All weather surface imagery including: sea ice coverage (and type), snow coverage and water equivalent, sea surface wind speed (complementary to the scatterometer) Radiances for direct assimilation into NWP Cloud-ice content (total column and gross profile) Snowfall detection Precipitation content (frozen; total column and gross profile) Snowfall rate near the surface Cloud ice effective radius (total column and gross profile) Water-vapour profiles 11 8th IPWG and 5th IWSSM Joint Workshop, 3-7 October, 2016

12 Benefits for the users: MWS MWS will be one of the backbone instruments of the global observing system in the EPS- SG era, providing vital atmospheric sounding information New channels will expand exploitation of MWS all weather information MWS might also contribute to monitor the evolution of precipitating systems, being on the same EPS-SG orbit as MWI and ICI, but on a different platform Caveat: this satellite configuration is to be confirmed 12 8th IPWG and 5th IWSSM Joint Workshop, 3-7 October, 2016

13 Benefits for the users: MWI MWI has to be viewed as part of an international partnership for global precipitation observations (Global Precipitation Measurement GPM like constellation) Supporting multiple applications with measurements from atmosphere, sea and land surfaces Assimilation of all weather information MWI provides a number of high-priority surface variables, such as sea surface wind speed, sea ice extent, concentration, type, and motion as well as snow cover, snow water equivalent, and wet/dry-status. These surface parameters are used by NWP as important boundary conditions Information related to the integrated total column water vapour as well as near-surface wind speed derived from MWI data is considered crucial in operational NWP analyses Several products are developed by the EUMETSAT Satellite Application Facilities (SAFs) like the Hydrology SAF, Nowcasting SAF, Climate Monitoring SAF, etc. 13 8th IPWG and 5th IWSSM Joint Workshop, 3-7 October, 2016

14 Benefits for the users: ICI It will greatly enhance the National Meteorological Services ability to initialise global and regional NWP models with realistic estimations of clouds and precipitation Assimilation of sub-millimetre radiances in the presence of clouds will provide information on non-precipitating ice, which is neither accessible in the micro-wave region nor in the infrared domain The ICI mission will contribute substantially to capture the vertical and horizontal distribution of ice particles and to estimate the particle size spectra ICI products will offer new and more data to initialise global and regional NWP models with information on three-dimensional cloud fields, with particular focus on ice clouds It will provide observations useful to refine the representation of clouds in NWP models Synergy with MWI (on the same platform!) will provide information on the vertical structure of the liquid and solid hydrometeors 14 8th IPWG and 5th IWSSM Joint Workshop, 3-7 October, 2016

15 MWI, ICI and MWS BACK-UP SLIDES 15 8th IPWG and 5th IWSSM Joint Workshop, 3-7 October, 2016

16 EPS-SG Satellites Deployment Schedule Metop-A Metop-B Metop-C 2021 Metop-SG A1 Metop-SG B Metop-SG A2 Metop-SG B Satellite nominal lifetime: 7.5 years (9 years extended) Satellites will be actively de-orbited 2035 Metop-SG A Metop-SG B3 16 8th IPWG and 5th IWSSM Joint Workshop, 3-7 October, 2016