Name: Unit 4 Benchmark Review

Transcription

1 Name: Unit 4 Benchmark Review 1. During science class, Sophie measures the temperature of water every minute as it is heating. After a few minutes, the temperature is 82 C. How far below the boiling point of water is this? A. 8 C B. 18 C C. 130 C D. 191 C 2. Sarah heated two cubes of aluminum to 50 C. Cube A has a volume of four cubic centimeters. Cube B has a volume of two cubic centimeters. If the cubes do not touch each other, which of these statements is true? A. Cube A has a higher temperature than cube B. B. Cube B has a higher temperature than cube A. C. Cube A has more thermal energy than cube B. D. Cube B has more thermal energy than cube A.

2 3. These two beakers contain the same liquid substance at the same temperature. How does the thermal energy of the liquid in the larger beaker compare to the thermal energy of the liquid in the smaller beaker? A. The liquid in the larger beaker has less thermal energy than the liquid in the smaller beaker. B. The liquid in the larger beaker has more thermal energy than the liquid in the smaller beaker. C. The liquid in the larger beaker has the same amount of thermal energy as the liquid in the smaller beaker. D. The exact volume of liquid in each beaker must be known to compare the thermal energy of the liquids.

3 4. Deval drew the models below of particles in a substance. Which model bestrepresents the particles in a solid? A. B. C. D.

4 5. Ms. Lewis is a chemist mixing two solutions together. A chemical reaction takes place, and the solution becomes warm. Which statement bestdescribes what has happened? A. Energy has been created in the form of thermal energy. B. Energy has been transformed from one form to another. C. More energy has been created than has been destroyed. D. The chemical energy of the solution has been destroyed. 6. A group of sheep are grazing in a field. As they eat, the sheep break down the molecules in the grass, which releases energy. Which form of energy is stored in the grass? A. chemical energy B. elastic energy C. nuclear energy D. thermal energy 7. Laith notices that the air in his science classroom is much warmer than the air in his math classroom. Which statement describes how the air particles are different in his colder math classroom? A. They move faster on average. B. They are vibrating. C. They have less average energy. D. They move more freely.

5 8. Kito puts his spoon into a helping of fresh, hot, mashed potatoes as shown in the figure below. Which process takes place when the two objects come together? A. The temperature of the spoon increases, but its thermal energy does not change. B. Energy in the form of heat is transferred from the warmer mashed potatoes to the cooler spoon. C. The thermal energy of both the mashed potatoes and the spoon increases as energy in the form of heat is transferred between them. D. The average temperature of the spoon does not change. 9. Gordon throws a baseball into the air. It rises, stops momentarily when it reaches its greatest height, and then falls back to the ground. At what point does kinetic energy convert to potential energy? A. when the baseball is rising B. when the baseball is falling C. just after the baseball hits the ground D. while the baseball is at its highest point 10. Liang is warming a pot of soup on the stove. How is the motion of the particles in the soup different after the temperature of the soup increases? A. They move faster on average. B. They have less average energy. C. They move less freely. D. They vibrate and are close together.

6 11. Ella holds an ice cream cone in her hand. She soon notices that her hand begins to feel cold. What is different about the particles that make up her hand? A. They are getting larger. B. They are gaining average energy. C. They are moving slower on average. D. They are joining together. 12. Damon is a musician playing in a band. At the end of a song, he plucks a single guitar string. The string moves rapidly back and forth as shown in the figure below. Which of these statements explains what happens to the kinetic energy of the moving string? A. The kinetic energy is changed into potential energy and stored. B. The kinetic energy is converted to sound energy and thermal energy. C. The kinetic energy is destroyed until no energy remains. D. Some of the energy is converted to sound energy, but the rest is destroyed.

7 Unit 4 Benchmark Review ANSWER KEY 1. During science class, Sophie measures the temperature of water every minute as it is heating. After a few minutes, the temperature is 82 C. How far below the boiling point of water is this? A. 8 C B. 18 C C. 130 C D. 191 C 2. Sarah heated two cubes of aluminum to 50 C. Cube A has a volume of four cubic centimeters. Cube B has a volume of two cubic centimeters. If the cubes do not touch each other, which of these statements is true? A. Cube A has a higher temperature than cube B. B. Cube B has a higher temperature than cube A. C. Cube A has more thermal energy than cube B. D. Cube B has more thermal energy than cube A.

8 3. These two beakers contain the same liquid substance at the same temperature. How does the thermal energy of the liquid in the larger beaker compare to the thermal energy of the liquid in the smaller beaker? A. The liquid in the larger beaker has less thermal energy than the liquid in the smaller beaker. B. The liquid in the larger beaker has more thermal energy than the liquid in the smaller beaker. C. The liquid in the larger beaker has the same amount of thermal energy as the liquid in the smaller beaker. D. The exact volume of liquid in each beaker must be known to compare the thermal energy of the liquids.

9 4. Deval drew the models below of particles in a substance. Which model bestrepresents the particles in a solid? A. B. C. D.

10 5. Ms. Lewis is a chemist mixing two solutions together. A chemical reaction takes place, and the solution becomes warm. Which statement bestdescribes what has happened? A. Energy has been created in the form of thermal energy. B. Energy has been transformed from one form to another. C. More energy has been created than has been destroyed. D. The chemical energy of the solution has been destroyed. 6. A group of sheep are grazing in a field. As they eat, the sheep break down the molecules in the grass, which releases energy. Which form of energy is stored in the grass? A. chemical energy B. elastic energy C. nuclear energy D. thermal energy 7. Laith notices that the air in his science classroom is much warmer than the air in his math classroom. Which statement describes how the air particles are different in his colder math classroom? A. They move faster on average. B. They are vibrating. C. They have less average energy. D. They move more freely.

11 8. Kito puts his spoon into a helping of fresh, hot, mashed potatoes as shown in the figure below. Which process takes place when the two objects come together? A. The temperature of the spoon increases, but its thermal energy does not change. B. Energy in the form of heat is transferred from the warmer mashed potatoes to the cooler spoon. C. The thermal energy of both the mashed potatoes and the spoon increases as energy in the form of heat is transferred between them. D. The average temperature of the spoon does not change. 9. Gordon throws a baseball into the air. It rises, stops momentarily when it reaches its greatest height, and then falls back to the ground. At what point does kinetic energy convert to potential energy? A. when the baseball is rising B. when the baseball is falling C. just after the baseball hits the ground D. while the baseball is at its highest point 10. Liang is warming a pot of soup on the stove. How is the motion of the particles in the soup different after the temperature of the soup increases? A. They move faster on average. B. They have less average energy. C. They move less freely. D. They vibrate and are close together.

12 11. Ella holds an ice cream cone in her hand. She soon notices that her hand begins to feel cold. What is different about the particles that make up her hand? A. They are getting larger. B. They are gaining average energy. C. They are moving slower on average. D. They are joining together. 12. Damon is a musician playing in a band. At the end of a song, he plucks a single guitar string. The string moves rapidly back and forth as shown in the figure below. Which of these statements explains what happens to the kinetic energy of the moving string? A. The kinetic energy is changed into potential energy and stored. B. The kinetic energy is converted to sound energy and thermal energy. C. The kinetic energy is destroyed until no energy remains. D. Some of the energy is converted to sound energy, but the rest is destroyed.