National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction in Sri Lanka

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1 National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction in Sri Lanka Eng.(Dr) Asiri Karaunwardena Director General / National Building Research Organization Ministry of Disaster Management Sri Lanka

2 National Platform for water related Disasters Framework on water related Disasters Different stakeholders and academia work together beyond their disciplines to create value-added information for societies and communities. Ensure Inter-disciplinary and Interagency collaboration with respect to Hydro-Metrological disaster forecasting and early warning Core group working under different thematic areas such as Early warning: Irrigation Department, NBRO, Department of Meteorology Adaptation planning for global change: Irrigation Department, Ministry of Mahaweli Development & Environment, Ministry of Magapolis and Western Development Economic effect of disasters: Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development, DMC Contingency planning and mainstreaming DRR: DMC Expect better integrated approach on disaster risk reduction

3 Potential disaster risk areas in Sri Lanka Landslide Prone areas Land subsidence areas Flood Prone areas during South west Monsoon (May Sep) Flood Prone areas during North East Monsoon (Dec Feb) Problematic Soils - Drought Prone areas Tropical Cyclones Tsunami Affected Coastal Areas Arid Zone Mannar Dry Zone Mihinthalay Anuradhapura a Puttalam a Dambulla Dry Zone Intermediat e Zone Wet Zone Mahiyangana ya Intermediate Zone Buttala Uda Walawa Dry Zone Hambant ota Kataraga ma Arid Zone

4 Landslides in Sri Lanka Landslides have become a frequent natural hazard in central highlands of Sri Lanka, which disturbs its life, causes damage to property, constructed facilities and infrastructure. Nearly 20% of the land area from 65,000 sq. km of total area in Sri Lanka is identified as landslide prone. Nearly 30% of total population live in these areas No. of Deaths Number of lives lost due to landslides/slope failures: Landslide Potential Area

5 Past Landslides in Sri Lanka Mulhalkele 1986 Watawala Paradeka Ladupita,Kiriwanella- Nuwara Eliya District 2007

6 Aranayake Landslide May, people died 34 houses completely destroyed

7 Rainfall (mm) Rainfall from 24 to 26 May Date & Time Bulathkohupitiya Baduraliya Kalubovitiyana Eheliyagoda Nivithigala

8 No. of Days Trend of total number of days with very heavy rainfall Source: Meteorological Department Number of days with greater than 150mm rainfall Year

9 Decreasing Trend of Land-man Ratio with Population Year 1871 Land Extent (million ha) Population (millions) Land-man ratio Ha/man citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi= Depicts the increasing pressure on land and reason for encroachment of slopes Many peoples are living in High Hazard landslide areas

10 Mapping Process Landslide Identification & Hazard Zonation Mapping Key Map Terrain factors & Weightings BEDROCK GEOLOGY - 20 SOIL COVER - 10 SLOPE RANGE & CATEGORY - 25 HYDROLOGY & DRAINAGE - 20 LAND USE & MANAGEMENT - 15 LAND FORM - 10 Attribute Maps Former Landslide Slope range and slope category Bedrock geology and Structure Colluvium and Residual soil Landform and Erosion Hydrology and Drainage Rainfall Human Settlements & Infrastructure Landuse & Management * Ground Surveys * Field Investigations * Available Maps * Unpublished materials Allocated weights for attributes and factor maps according to the statistical analysis and experts knowledge Final Product LANDSLIDE HAZARD MAP

11 Distribution of landslide Hazard Zones in the Central Highlands of Sri Lanka Identification of Settlements at High Risk 1. Special Field Investigation 2. Exposure Mapping Special Field Investigation Site that shows the landslide feathers such as movements of ground Tension cracks Cracks on houses Appearance of water springs Slanting of tress

12 INTEGRATED LANDSLIDE HAZARD ZONATION MAP

13 BUILDINGS EXPOSURE TO LANDSLIDE HAZARD

14 METHODOLOGY Integrated Landslide Hazard Zonation Map Verification of G.N division boundaries GN Division level risk map Questionnaires development 1. Households 2. Commercial / institutions 3. Religious 4. Schools Data management and analysis Risk community database Divisional level risk profile Pilot Test Risk reduction measures Training of survey enumerators (G.Ns) Building survey

15 Communities Identified for Resettlement # Province District Number of Houses in High Risk 1 Uva Badulla 6,418 Kandy 1,292 2 Central Nuwara Eliya 3,496 Matale Sabaragamuwa 4 Southern Rathnapura 757 Kegalle 824 Matara 591 Hambantota Western Kalutara 929 At present 14,860 high risk families have been identified based on the landslide hazard maps and special investigations carried out by NBRO. Resettlement programme initiated by adopting the Build Back Better Concept. The Cabinet approval has been granted to resettle identified families (Cabinet Paper: CP 17/1216/715/017 )

16 Cabinet Approved Resettlement Project Government will provide land with infrastructure Rs. 1.2 Mn is provided for constructing 650sq.ft disaster resilient core house with 2 bed rooms, living and dining room, kitchen and bathroom If suitable land is unavailable Rs.0.4 Mn is given

17 Concept of disaster resilient village Well established Early Warning & continuous Monitoring System Integration of professional inputs on level of risk and possible approach for risk reduction Concept of Resilient Village Regulations for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Funding availability Integration with District Disaster Management System Community Awareness and Participation

18 Features of Disaster Resilient House 1. Increased depth of foundation and raised floor level. 2. Framed structure with reinforced concrete columns. 3. Walls provided with proper framing Walls stiffened at openings using lintel/sill beams Good quality building materials used in all components to meet required strength and other properties. 6. Door and window frames properly anchored to structure Roof structure properly built and connected to the main structure. 8. Roof structure adequately connected at gable wall Roof covering properly connected to roof structure Minimal disturbance to ground and supported cuts to retain slopes.

19 Disaster Resilient Village for Meeriya Bedda Landslide Victims NBRO International Symposium 2016 Site selection, design, and construction have been done strictly under guidance of NBRO. NBRO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM 2016

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