Uses of free satellite imagery for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)

Transcription

1 Centre of Applied Geoscience, Disaster Risk Reduction Research Group, School of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Portsmouth, UK Uses of free satellite imagery for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Richard Teeuw, with inputs from Mathias Leidig and Nasos Argyriou Visualising Friendships / Visualising the Digital Divide

2 DPI Background Benefits and limitations of free geospatial data for DRR Introduction (DPI) Example 1 Sierra Leone Example 2 GE Matara Example 3- Inundation Risk Tsunami Data Poverty Index - DPI average difference of the DPI to the average global DPI [%] Normalisation - average difference of the DPI to the average global DPI Low-income countries R² = Data poverty reflects ability to access online data, R² = Lower-middle information income countries and resources, such as hazard or exposure maps, early warnings and alerts, as well as the R² = capability to share information, for instance in Upper-middle income countries emergency crisis response - all of which affects High-income countries disaster preparedness and R² = resilience year

3 DPI Background Benefits and limitations of free geospatial data for DRR Introduction (DPI) Example 1 Sierra Leone Example 2 GE Matara Example 3- Inundation Risk Tsunami Data Poverty Index - DPI average difference of the DPI to the average global DPI [%] Normalisation - average difference of the DPI to the average global DPI Low-income countries R² = R² = Lower-middle income countries R² = Upper-middle income countries High-income countries R² = year Data Poverty in LICs & LMICs is getting worse, relative to richer countries

4 Uses of satellite remote sensing in disaster management Feature identification & preparedness mapping Hazardous terrain Exposed features - land cover types - reconstruction materials. & sites Early warning - monitoring of hazards - disaster risk maps - public education - hazard alerts! Map & Monitor - reconstruction sites - infrastructure Search & Rescue - damage maps Shelter & Safety - refugee camp maps & monitoring - new hazard maps

5 The Disaster Cycle: appropriate remote sensing & mapping Pre-disaster / Event Crisis / Post-disaster / Pre-disaster / Warning / Evacuation / Response / Recovery / Reconstruction / Rehabilitation / Real-time Monitoring 1:1 M 1:100 k eg, Meteosat, MODIS Early Warning Map Damage Extent Map Ongoing monitoring Regional Mapping 1:100 k 1:10 k eg, Landsat, ASTER, SRTM, Sentinel 1 & 2 Disaster Response Map Ground Deformation Map Periodic review surveys Detailed mapping 1:10 k - 1:5 k eg, Quickbird, Ikonos & aerial surveys Urban Damage Map / Warning / Evacuation / Response / Recovery / Reconstruction / Rehabilitation /

6 Soils, bedrock types & seasonal water supply Free NASA MODIS data, processed by QGIS freeware Makeni Produced using free FAO & WHO geospatial data & QGIS freeware Vegetation cover Land cover types: Rokel-Seli River basin Makeni Produced from free Landsat imagery (Jan 2014), using SAGA GIS freeware Flood zones, Rokel-Seli River basin Makeni Produced using free SRTM digital elevation data & QGIS freeware

7 Sri Lanka: coastal risk mapping, using free satellite data & free geoinformatic software (Leverhulme Trust funding) (Mathias Leidig: PhD research)

8 Mapping of seismic hazard zones, using free global DEMs, geomorphometric analysis & morphotectonic analysis Nasos Argyriou (PhD research): SRTM DEM, ASTER G-DEM, Landsat imagery, geomorphometrics & multi-criteria decision analysis, to map seismic hazard zones

9 Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) MCDA & GIS Neotectonic activity: Neotectonic activity map consisting of nine spatial distribution maps: (1) Amplitude relief; (2) Stream length-gradient; (3) Terrain wetness index; (4) Slope gradient; (5) lineament density; (6) lineament frequency; (7) drainage density; (8) stream frequency and; (9) lithologies.

10 (from Kaskara et al., 2014) Tectonic landscape deformation hazard Seismic hazard Exposure: population and infrastructure Seismic risk assessment derived from 25 years of satellite radar mm-scale ground deformation measurements? Seismic risk

11 (Source: Leidig & Teeuw, 2015)