A new ECORD in a new IODP :

Transcription

1 A new ECORD in a new IODP : New opportunities in sub-seafloor investigation Gilbert CAMOIN Director of the ECORD Managing Agency INSU-CNRS, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France gcamoin@cerege.fr

2 Buried beneath the ocean floor, largely unexplored, are records of millions of years of Earth s climatic, biological, chemical and geological history Scientific drilling allows the access to the 3 rd dimension offered by the sub-seafloor to explore, analyze, theorize, and test models that describe how Earth works Sampling Integration of Observation Networks Measurements Instrumentation and monitoring

3 Since 56 years, the results of previous ocean drilling programs form the basis of much of our present understanding of Earth and Environmental sciences Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Riser vessel Chikyu (Japan) Drillship JOIDES Resolution (USA) Mission Specific Platforms (ECORD) ( / 51 expeditions) Technology to recover marine records from : very shallow to deep water; open ocean to ice-covered polar seas; regions of gas hazard; locations of environmental sensitivity; unstable sediments and sands; very deep targets. 5 expeditions in ice covered areas and shallow water environments Long-Term Borehole Monitoring and Observatories

4 1. Climate and Ocean Change : Reading the Past, Informing the Future CO 2, Climate Variability, Sea-Level Change, Ocean Chemistry, Ocean Acidification 2. Biosphere Frontiers : Deep Life, Biodiversity, and Environmental Forcing of Ecosystems Limits of Life, Deep Biosphere, Impact of Environmental and Chemical Changes on Ecosystems, Human Evolution 3. Earth Connections : Deep Processes and their Impact on Earth s Surface Environment Ocean Crust Formation, Subduction Zones, Volcanic Arcs, Magmatic Processes at Ridges 4. Earth in Motion : Processes and Hazards on Human Time Scales Earthquakes, Landslides, Tsunamis, Fluid Flows, Carbon Storage > Societal relevance > Time scales, incl. human time scale : Linking the Past to the Present > Modelling > New scientific topics > Shared interests with other research programs and initiatives (e.g., Earth Science observations, Past Global Changes, InterRidge, InterMARGINS, ICDP)

5 Model Data Integration to iteratively improve both the models and the model/data calibrations - help reconstruct model boundary conditions - evaluate model performance through comparison & testing - test data-driven hypotheses, - provide physics-based explanations for observed phenomena - fill spatial and temporal data gaps - help guiding the location of drilling targets

6 Integration of borehole and seafloor observatories Nankai Deep Observatory Network Continuous high-frequency monitoring from borehole observatories connected to real time seafloor data networks : ability to resolve small earthquakes in unprecedented detail potential of early warning systems for geohazards A Stethoscope on Subduction Earthquake Faults

7 IODP Expedition #343 JFAST (2012) Install temperature sensors to Core the fault zone to study measure heat at time of earthquake the physical properties

8 27 member countries : USA, Japan, ECORD (19 countries), Brazil, China, S-Korea, India, Australia, New Zealand,

9 Minimum ECORD budget : ~ US$ 19 M Annual contributions : $ 30,000 to $ 5,600,000 3 major contributors (F, G, UK) : 79 % of the ECORD budget Potential newcomers (e.g. Russia) Additional project-based cash / in-kind contributions ~9 10% of the IODP total budget 30% of scientists on expeditions and committees ~ 80% of the ECORD budget for operations 38 57% increase in MSP operational budget

10 ECORD s partnership ECORD will contribute to the funding of the Chikyu : - Level of annual funding defined each year by the ECORD Council (US$ 1 M min.) - Potential project basis funding of a Chikyu expedition in European/Canadian waters (up to US$ 10M) > access to the Chikyu for ECORD scientists : 3+ ECORD s berth / Chikyu exp ECORD will contribute to the annual funding (US$ 7 M) of the JOIDES Resolution > access to the JR for ECORD scientists : 8 ECORD s berths / JR exp Co-Chief scientists not counted against participation levels on all IODP expeditions

11 ECORD as... a n IODP partner Standard policies and guidelines IODP publications Access to IODP cores & data Core curation and data storage IODP core repositories IODP Expeditions Sampling Parties ECORD as... a n educational entity Co-ordination of science activities Training and education of future generations Promoting the activities and accomplishments of ECORD/IODP to large audiences > 152 km of cores Atlantic, Arctic, Mediterranean

12 ECORD as... a Platform Provider ECORD is responsible for funding and implementing MSP operations for the International Ocean Discovery Program as an independent Platform Provider ECORD is aiming to fund and implement one MSP expedition per year on average ECORD will also encourage and help proponents for MSP proposals to seek for additional funding sources on a project basis (e.g. EC, industry, increased contributions from ECORD and IODP members, foundation support, in-kind contributions) Mission-specific platforms might include specifically outfitted polar vessels, jack-up rigs, geotechnical vessels, seafloor drilling systems, long-piston coring, anchored barges and others, as determined by scientific priorities and operational efficiency

13 The ECORD Science Operator (ESO) is an Implementing Organisation Marine Geoscience Programme Center for Marine Environmental Sciences Geophysics & Borehole Research Group European Petrophysics Consortium Laboratoire de Géophysique et Hydrodynamique en Forage Angewandte Geophysik to run Mission Specific Platform (MSP) Expeditions under the auspices of the IODP

14 Active MSP proposals concern diverse oceans and environments (Atlantic, Pacific, Mediterranean, Arctic and Southern Ocean) and various science topics (e.g. climate change, ocean crust formation and hydrogeology, deep biosphere, geohazards) 16 Mission-Specific Platform proposals FB

15 The exploration of polar regions, largely unknown and unsampled, is of high priority for ECORD Linking climate, ice sheet, and sea level histories Proposed drilling strategy from pole to pole using IODP drilling platforms to collect records linking climate, ice sheet, and sea level histories on geologic time scales 680 (IODP Science Plan ) % of the active MSP proposals ACEX 645

16 I3, Integrated Infrastructure Initiative Science and Technology Increase and optimize trans-national access to cutting-edge technologies and scientific services to the European science community Technological development and innovation of new, innovative technologies for coring, specialist sampling, downhole logging and long-term sub-seafloor observations Sharing of experience and capabilities Networking Funding Stronger collaboration between : - research & operational groups across Europe - ECORD/IODP and other programmes and initiatives Optimise use of research vessels and sampling capabilities Cost efficiency for IODP MSP operations New opportunities for funding (national level, EC, partnership with industry, SMEs)

17 Developing the concept of MSPs Sea Floor Drills deployed from conventional R/V MARUM Bremen, Germany British Geological Survey Edinburgh, UK MeBo-1 (75 m) MeBo-2 (200 m) 50m rockdrill oriented drill Long Piston coring IPEV Brest, France IFREMER Brest, France (35 to 50 m)

18 Borehole observatories P, T, fluid flows, sismicity, geochemistry, microbiology Developing and using new tools In situ pressure sampling Gas hydrates, Deep biosphere High temperatures tools Hydrothermal systems ISOR (Iceland GeoSurvey) Genius plus, MARUM HYACE rotary corer (TU Berlin, TU Clausthal, Univ. Cardiff, Fugro, Geotek) 300 C natural gamma ray Necessary coordination with EMSO : - sensors - data transmission - standards DeepIsoBUG Isolation Chamber Univ. Cardiff 300 borehole televiewer

19 For more information visit the ECORD and IODP websites :

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21 The IODP vision What are the limits of life on our planet? How do ecosystems respond to rapid environmental change? How do fluids flowing through most of the seafloor impact linked geological and biological systems? How do deep Earth processes affect Earth s surface environment? What are the underlying mechanisms of geologic hazards and how to improve risk assessment and prediction of catastrophic events?

22 About 6 million years ago the Mediterranean Sea was transformed into a giant saline basin, one of the largest in the Earth's history and demonstrably the youngest. Multi-phase Drilling Project : Uncovering a Salt Giant (to be submitted April 1 st, 2014) Pre-proposals : Messinian Salinity Crisis Salt tectonics and fluids; Deep Biosphere; Surface to Deep Earth connections : GOLD

23 IODP Expedition #347 (Sept. Nov. 2013) : Baltic Sea Paleoenvironment Climate and sea-level changes during the last glacial cycle R/V Greatship Manisha Microbial life in the Baltic Sea Basin sediments > Water depths : m

24 5 yrs MSP Operational Plan ECORD is aiming to fund and implement one MSP expedition per year on average for IODP by adjusting the numbers of low, medium, and high-cost expeditions and creating new opportunities through external co-funding and in-kind contributions FY14 : no MSP expedition FY15 : Atlantis Massif Expedition (seabed drilling) FY16 : Low cost expedition (e.g. seabed, long piston coring) FY17 : Low cost expedition (e.g. seabed, long piston coring) FY18 : Arctic Expedition Staffing : 10+ ECORD ; 13 US and ass. memb. ; 4 JPN ; 1-3 co-funded projects (cash / in-kind) by ECORD members or ECORD «associated partners» Co-Chief scientists not counted against participation levels on all IODP expeditions