NGU in a local, regional and

Transcription

1 Geology for Society NGU in a local, regional and international perspective

2 Geology for Society: ca years ago Turin papyrus map from ancient Egypt, about 1150 BC Made by Amennakhte (well-known Scribe of Tomb ) Made for a quarrying expedition sent to Wadi Hammamat by king Ramesess IV ( C) Made to obtain blocks of the bekhen-stone

3 Mapping mineral resources from aeromagnetic surveys Larvikite Export value in 2005: 84 million Euro Reserves: billion Euro

4 National databases are in place

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7 So, what is Geology for Society?

8 Geology for Society? Water & food Safety Minerals Energy

9 Global l Growth Rates (Real GDP) Country/Region * 2008* % Change from Previous Period World Advanced Economies Australia China Japan * = projected data Korea United States Source : IMF - World Economic Outlook April 2007

10 Changes in average annual metal prices from to % Change US$ A$ Oil Alumina I ron Ore Lump Nickel Cobalt Gold Copper Lead Zinc Tin Source: LME, Kitco, TEX Report, Metal Prices

11 3000 Export Eksportverdi value of av Norwegian norske mineraler minerals (mill kroner) 2006 Industrimineraler Metaller Naturstein/skifer 500 Pukk/molostein Kull Export 2006: 700 million Euros Export share: Export share: 61%

12 Tellnes Ilmenite deposit (produced by Titania AS) Reserves: > 300 Mt 28% ilmenite + Ni-sulfide and magnetite Norway: 7-8 % of World production (Ti-content)

13 Stone material from Norway % of the Norwegian production is exported; Ca. 0.5 % of EUs need 400 Mill. NOK Export values Aggregate and Armourstone

14 Databases for mineral resources on internet no

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16 The ever growing need for energy Use of fossil fuels continues to rise faster than that of any other source of energy Energy use, 1990, 2003, and 2030 (billions of metric tons of oil equivalent) Source: IEA

17 Large petroleum potential in the Arctic 25% of the undiscovered resources to be found in the Arctic

18 IODP Leg 302 IODP Leg 302, ACEX 2004 Sovetskiy Soyuz Oden Vidar Viking Exploration Challenges

19 Exploring the Exploring the Frontiers Uniting the Arctic

20 The geology of the Barents Sea Compilation of VSEGEI and NGU data: Grid 2 x 2 km

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22 Multiple use of data: Hydrocarbon leakage marine habitats sites for installations Paleocene sandstone Cretaceous shale

23 Hard and soft seabed

24 Shared knowledge through common and open infrastructures: t

25 Renewable e e energy e resources Use of renewable sources of energy is growing, but is still small Source: World Bank data files /IEA

26 Geothermal Energy Uranium i bedrock Calculated heat production

27 Global water supply Worldwide 1.1 billion people lack access to clean drinking water About one-third of the world s population (2 billion people) depends on groundwater One-third of the global l population live in countries ti with moderate to high water stress 40% increase in global water use is expected by 2020 Cost per year of bringing poor people universal access to water by 2015 will be $30 billion

28 Implementing the EU Water Framework Directive National groundwater databases Monitoring of groundwater quality (LGN) Mapping of aquifers Ground water geochemistry Waterwells design

29 Arsenic-affected stream water and soil in Europe Arsenic in water and soil often results from natural processes in mineralized areas

30 Geochemical Mapping of Agricultural Soils (GEMAS) EuroGeoSurveys cooperation project: 34 European countries 5.6 mill. km 2 1 site / 2500 km 2 c samples grasing land soils Sample materials: c samples agricultural soil

31 Geochemistry The International Polar Year project 317: Flux of sediment-associated chemical elements in rivers draining to the Arctic Ocean

32 Svalbard Pechora Severnaya Dvina

33 IPY- The International Polar Year Arctic Natural Climate and Environmental Changes and Human Adaption: From Science to Public awareness Permafrost Observatory Project: A contribution to the thermal state of permafrost in Norway and Svalbard Flux of sediment-associated chemical elements in rivers draining to the Arctic Ocean

34 Society safety Clean water & safe food (medical geology) Safe storage of nuclear & industrial waste Prediction and prevention of geohazards Challenges related to climatic change

35 Increased research on Geohazards Risk and vulnerability analysis: landslides and earthquakes Stability of rock slopes and soil slopes Offshore geohazards Slide dynamics Tsunamies Graduate programmes in geohazards

36 The Åknes-Tafjord project

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39 Effects of global l warming and climatic change? % increase in autumn rain from to

40 International Research Plattforms

41 Globally: IYPE IUGS OneGeology ICDP Focus on the North: Mineral resources Geology of the Barents Sea IPY IODP The European perspective: EuroGeoSurvey EEIG European Mineral Resources Geothermal Energy GEMAS

42 Geology for Society Be responsive to the needs of the society Look for holistic approaches and combined solutions Keep both the geosphere and the biosphere persepectives Help to create a common knowledge platform Share knowledge and technology on an open acess basis