Exploration _Advanced geophysical methods. Research Challenges. Séverine Pannetier-Lescoffit and Ute Mann. SINTEF Petroleum Research

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1 Exploration _Advanced geophysical methods * Research Challenges Séverine Pannetier-Lescoffit and Ute Mann SINTEF Petroleum Research 1

2 Exploration and Reservoir Characterization * Research Challenges 29% of the remaining hc resources at the NCS are located in the Norwegian part of the Barents Sea. 25% of the world remaining undiscovered conventional hc resources are located in the Arctic. Additional interest in the area is triggered by the high oil price and unstable political conditions. SINTEF Petroleum Research 2

3 Exploration and Reservoir Characterization * Research Challenges environmental issues challenging environment deep water decreased data availability increase reserve replacement decrease exploration risk SINTEF Petroleum Research 3

4 Outlines Advanced geophysical methods Integrated approach What about CO2 storage? SINTEF Petroleum Research

5 Advanced geophysical and seismic methods for enhanced data interpretation and improved imaging Ocean Bottom Seismic OBS Imaging in difficult areas (e.g. complex geology, salt, gas clouds,...) Improved prediction of lithology and fluids SINTEF s semi-automatic workflow Vector fidelity Multiple attenuation Velocity model construction Depth migration in angle domain SINTEF Petroleum Research 5

6 Advanced geophysical and seismic methods for enhanced data interpretation and improved imaging Tiger (seismic finite difference 3D modelling) to plan acquisition survey (including OBS, Node and 4C) to assist difficult interpretation (e.g. in complex geol. structures, salt, etc.) to simulate changes in reservoirs (e.g. after gas injection in reservoir...) Extremely robust and realistic New clusters allow a quicker realisation SINTEF Petroleum Research 6

7 Multi proxy approach and integration of various information sources EM technology coupling to seismic EM is fast, gives information on lithology but the resolution is poor Seismic data are more difficult to process but resolution is higher Our idea at SINTEF obtain better constrained models by joining EM and seismic reduce uncertainty of rock physics models by using both electric conductivity and seismic parameters reduce prospect uncertainty further by adding results from EM/seismic and rock physics modelling in basin models, and vice versa SINTEF Petroleum Research 7

8 Multi proxy approach and integration of various information sources IntCSEM Controlled-source electromagnetic methods (fluid content) seismic data (geol. structures) basin modelling data (hc volumes phases, uncertainties) rock physics (lithology, hc volumes phases, uncertainties) (1) CSEM forward modeling (2) CSEM fullwaveform inversion (3) Joint CSEM/seismic full-waveform inversion Structural constraints integration with rock physics and basin modeling Soft rock physics constraints possible feedback Rock physics modeling/inversion improved input (lithology, porosity) Lithology, hydrocarbon volumes, phases, uncertainties Crosscalibration Best prediction Basin modeling: hydrocarbon volumes, phases, uncertainties SINTEF Petroleum Research 8

9 Multi proxy approach and integration of various information sources Top seal integrity and leakage 1 Fracturing of cap rock due to depressurisation 1: Fracturing of cap rock due to depressurisation 2: 2 Changed Changed migration migration paths paths due due to tilting to tilting 3: 3 Gas Gas exsolution from from oil oil due due to to depressurisation depressurisation 4: 4 Reduced generation maturation and and expulsion generation due to due reduced to reduced burial depth traps are are not not filled filled to spill to spill point point SINTEF Petroleum Research 9

10 Multi proxy approach and integration of various information sources Top seal integrity and leakage Cap rock properties: Porosity, permeability, entry pressure, mech. strength as function of Facies Compaction and diagenesis Databases / literature Leakage and remigration: Hydraulic leakage Pressure and stress interactions Erosion and uplift effects Trap simulator Seismic detection of fractures / leakage Applying leakage/seal models case study: Constraining burial and temperature history Modelling pressure and stress history Modelling leakage processes Integration seismic / EM / Bas Mod Calibration to well observations SINTEF Petroleum Research 10

11 CO 2 Field Lab Two Field Laboratories, where CO 2 can be injected in permeable rocks in a well-controlled and well-characterised geological environment, will be established. CO 2 will be injected to obtain underground CO 2 distributions that resemble leakages. Various monitoring technologies will be studied with respect to their performance to detect known amounts of CO 2. SINTEF Petroleum Research 11

12 CO 2 Field Lab The focus will be on the sensitivity to detect CO 2 leakage out of the storage containment Requirements will be determined for monitoring systems to be sufficiently sensitive to allow early remediation Project duration SINTEF Petroleum Research 12