Land-fjord interaction and the impact of changing sedimentation rates on fjord environments
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1 Land-fjord interaction and the impact of changing sedimentation rates on fjord environments An integrated study of Arctic sediment transport from land to sea Maria Jensen (University Centre in Svalbard, UNIS), Agnes Baltzer, University of Nantes, Kyungsik Choi (Seoul National University), Matthias Forwick (University of Tromsø), John Howe (Scottish Marine Institute, SAMS), Katrine Husum Norwegian Polar Institute), Sergei Korsun (Shirsov Institute of Oceanology), Douwe Maat (Royal Netherlands Institute of Sea Research, NIOZ), Arto Miettinen (Norwegian Polar Institute), Rahul Mohan, National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research, India, Caterina Morigi, Pisa University, Italy & GEUS, Denmark, Mateusz Moskalik, Polish Academy of Sciences, Seung-Il Nam (Korea Polar Research Institute), Maarten Prins (VU University, Amsterdam), Witold Szczucinski, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland.
2 Coordinating coastal research on Svalbard From many small projects to one large Sediment flux from source to sink the coastal Link 15 partners from 10 nations Including several stations in Ny Ålesund, Hornsund, Russia/Barentsburg and Longyearbyen Kongsfjorden Funding from the Research Council of Norway, Svalbard Science Forum strategic grants and national funding from partners. Sharing logistics, infrastructure, instrumentation, boat time with existing projects and delivering data to existing projects
3 One joint goal - Land Sea transects comparing a glacial and a non-glacial fjord Toposvalbard transect + picture of runoff Kongsfjorden Dicksonfjorden (
4 Aims of project Methods Quantification of sediment volumes and change over time Quantification of sediment volume offshore (and transit time from inner to outer fjord basin) Current hydrodynamics and seasonal changes Character of current sediment flux (load, physical grain character, chemistry) Current fauna trends (intertidal subtidal, proximal distal fjord trends) Fjord paleoenvironment Palaeoecology DEM, aerial photos, core transects, accumulation age (depth range of 137Cs and 210Pb isotopes) Bathymetry (AUV), chirp-profiles (highresolution seismics), core transects, ages Hydrodynamics and sediment traps (to be established) Sediment traps, sea floor samples Sampling from foraminifers from the intertidal flat and from the fjord bottom, sampling for phytoplancton, bacteria and viruses from water coloumn Cores from fjord bottom
5 Different types of logistics, different types of data First transect (Dicksonfjorden, Svalbard )
6 Kongsfjorden: Long time series Data collected for different purposes
7 Kongsfjorden: Collection of new sea floor sediment data Collection of new bathymetry data Collection of new coastal dynamics data And review of previous data with the aim of quantifying sediment volumes, transit time and sediment flux
8 Dicksonfjorden: 1) Land, 2) prodelta, 3) fjord, 4) sediment flux and hydrodynamics 1)Documenting and quantifying dynamics within the coastal system Aerial photos Drone-based photogrammetry Coring Accumuation rates (210Pb-dating) 1938 delta front Core transect
9
10 Aerial photos from 1938 Position of present delta
11 DICKSONFJORDEN in SVALBARD (drone-based photogrammetry survey) 1390 georeferenced images obtained by drones (UAV) Datum: mean sea level (m) DEMs of 1.35 km 2 at six locations representing fluvial-tidal transition Photomosaic Point-cloud Digital surface model /RGB elevation Orthomosaic/ planview
12 2) Bathymetry, sediment supply to delta front AUV 500 khz GeoSwath bathymetry & side-scan sonar
13 500 khz GeoSwath bathymetry Bathymetry water depths of 0-12m very few seabed bed forms. 500 khz GeoSwath side-scan sonar AUV side-scan sonar; very shallow water gravel waves and ripples adjacent to the river discharge point evidence of current-influenced erosion
14 3) Cores and chirp-profiles from the inner and middle fjord basin m 1202/ m
15 4) Sediment flux and hydrodynamics Installed sediment traps in tidal channels and on the prodelta Measured current velocities in tidal channel during flood tide
16 Where are we heading next? Long-term monitoring of Dicksonfjorden, increase interdiscplinary collaboration, expand regional variation, coastal mapping (current project «DynaCoast» mapping the coastal zone of Isfjorden, Svalbard Coastal Research Network (svalbardcoastalresearch.wordpress.com), FutureEarth Coasts
17 See also our posters: Baltzer et al: Evolution of prodeltas, Kongsfjorden Husum et al: The marine sedimentary environments of Kongsfjorden-Krossfjorden system And talk 13:45: Choi: Morphodynamics and sedimentary processes in arctic transitional environments, Dicksonfjorden
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