I DES TERRAINS DIVISION. D. F. VanDine TERRAIN SCIENCES RESOURCE INVENTORY - MACKFWIE. Scale 1 : 250,000. D. E. Lawrence LA DIV'3'QN DE LA SCIENCE

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2 GRAN- RESOURCE INVENTORY - MACKFWIE LAC BELOT NTS 96 L SW4 Scale 1 : 250,000 D. E. Lawrence D. F. VanDine For: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs TERRAIN SCIENCES DIVISION LA DIV'3'QN DE LA SCIENCE I DES TERRAINS c J 7+ "- I

3 SUMMARY Sand and gravel are found as glaciofluvial.terraces, outwash plains, and eskers in the southwest quarter 'of the Lac Belot map area The deposits vary in depth and amount of coarse granular material. Ground ice content is probably low in the deposits that have coarse grained material and are topqraphically high.. The majority of the deposits are found.in the northern portion of the study area. Ordovician, Silurian and Devonian limestone and dolomite underlie many of the surficial deposits of the-area. Thê carbonates vary from well bedded and densely crystalline *to rubbly. ' In general they would make good construction aggregate material. Cretaceous sandstone is weakly cemented and weathers to form fine to coarse white quartz sand. This bedrock-could be used as sand-sized construction material. Devonian shale is highly fissile but could be used for subgrade construction material.

4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Summary. * O Introduction... Figure - Physiographfc regions... General geology and physiography... Unconsolidated granular deposits Other unconsolidated deposits... Bedrock geology... Maps and' Legends... Surficial geology Bedrock geology... Sources of information... Page &7 8& "

5 INTRODUCTION This report presents preliminary qualitative, information on the distribution of granular materials available from unconsolidated deposits and bedrock sources in the southwest quarter of the Lac Belot map area. The information in this repart has been compiled from published and unpublished information of the Geological Survey and from personal communication with officers of the Geological Survey of Canada. No tabular summary has been included because there is only minimal information on the deposit thickness, texture of material, and quantity of ground ice, The surficial geology map of the southeast corner of Lac Belot map area (scale 1:250,000) is a portion of G.S.C. Open File 21 (R.J. Fulton, 19701, The units on this map were subdivided'.principally on basis the of airphota interpretation. This map may be vikwed at Geological Survey of Canada offices in Ottawa, Calgary,. and Vancouver, Ozalid copies rnay,be obtained commercially at nominal cost. The bedrock geology map has been prepared from Geological Survey published map (J.D. Aitken, D.G. Cook, 1969). The rock units of this prepared map are grouped according to gross lithology and age. The map indicates the availability of bedrock for construction purposes as an alternative to unconsolidated material.,

6 c! : 12 FIGURE #1

7 c 3 -" GENERAL GEOLOGY AND PHYSIOGRAPHY Two physiographic regions are represented in the study area, the Anderson Plain in the west and the Colvllle Hills *. in the east (see figure I). Most of the study area is a. till plain overlying Devonian carbonates and Cretaceous sandstone. Other unconsolidated deposits include glaciofluvial terraces, outwash trains and hummocks, morainal ridges and hummocks, and alluvial deposits. In addition to Devonian carbonate and cretaceous sandstone, Ordovlcian and Silurian carbonate and Devonian shale may also be found in the map area. Unconsolidated Granular Deposits. Terraces." and Outwash trains-, To, gravel and sand. -.. The major source of sand'and gravel exists along the -Hare Indian meltwater channel in the northern portion of the 'study area. These deposits are glaciofluvial terraces and outwash trains 'of varying thickness and contain variable amounts of coarse granular material.' Ground ice content is probably low except where the deposit is topographically low and has a high ground water table, Smaller deposits of. the same origin are found in other parts of the study area. Esker-s, mixed sand and gtavel, Sand and gravel, deposited as eskers, are found both on' the till plain and in abandoned meltwater channels. 'These eskers tend be up to 4 miles in length.., to' be low lying but may Other Unconsolidated Deposits The other unconsolidated deposits in the study area contain a variable, but small, percentage of sand and gravel and a large percentage of silt and clay sized material. The ground ice content in these deposits is probably more abundant than that in the glaciofluvial terraces, outwash trains and

8 -4- Bedrock Devonian carbonates underlie the majority of the Lac Belot map area. This unit includes limestone and dolomite of the Bear Rock and Hume Formations. These carbonates vary from well bedded and dense to rubbly general they would make good construction aggregate material. In the southeast portion of'the study area carbonate rocks of Ordovician and Silurian age underlie the surficial deposits. These rocks are predom- inantly crystalline dolomites from the Formation. Ronnirig Group and Mount Kindle.. They would also make good aggregate material, The Cretaceous sandstone is similar tô that foind in the Fort Good Hope, Travaillant Lake, and Canot Lake map areas. It is weakly cemented, porous, and many outcrops consist of fine to coarse white quartz sand. This rock type could be crushed or ripped to provide sand-sized construction material. Devonian shale of the Hare Indian Formation is highly fissile. could be ripped and used for subgrade construction material. Bedrock of the study area is generally flat lying, Numerous outcrops indicate depth to bedrock is not great. It i,s estimated that maximum depth to bedrock is 30'.

9 - 5 - W S ANb LEGENDS. I. Lac Belot 96L SWt Surficial Geology and Legend..WC 2. Lac Belot 96L SW$ Bedrock, Geology and Legend. 4

10 .. ' 96L SW14 OPEN FILE 21 I ^. SURFICIAL. GEOLOGY 1) I i

11 SURFICIAL GEOLOGY LEGEND* A cx Eo To Tk Alluvium - generally mixed C O ~ K G and ~ fine grained sediments - includes floodplaina, low terraces, and fans. Colluvial Complex - unstratified mixtures of gravel, s'and, silt and clay sized particles - includes colluvial blankets, small fans, slope deposits. Eolian Deposits - mainly 'medium to fine grained sand - generally occur as duned blankets. High Terraces and outwash trains - dominantly 'gravel and sand - consist largely of flat surfaced, stream scrolled areas, raised ten or more feet above present day.base levels. * Kettled Terraces and outwash trains - dominantly gravel and sand - consist of high terraces and outwash trains pocked with kettle holes. *. H Hummocky Gravel - generally gravel and sand 4. stratified drift". - hummocky areas of "ice contact Mt Mx Hummocky Terrain - dominantly glacial Fill but locally may be "ice contact stratif led drift" - areas characterized by "morainal" hummocks. Morainal Complex - dominantly glacial till but locally contains "ice contact stratifted drift" - areas characterized by "morainal" ridges and hummocks. * Areas not designated as a legend unit are largely rock, near surface rock * or. till plains. Symbols,... - *+ jc Pingo Moraine ridge.,. #+X Submergence limit nn %&Sand dune, or misfit channel descarpment area &a ~74s Esker Beach ridge '.' 2 / Glacial grooving or drumlinoidqkburied or filled valley Feature Al units and symbols do 'br' 0 Sink hole hot necessarily appear on this map. Geology from air photo interpretation supplemented by widely scattered field checks by R.J. Fulton, J

12 "x ' 15 4 z Ê a 23 O R r. 94L swh BEDROCK GEOLOGY I!

13 -9-,. Bedrock Geology Legend The rock units which appear on the accompanying overlay are a geological grouping according to gross lithology and age, These units were derived from a more detailed geological map, whose units were subdivided largely on the basis of airphoto and stratigraphic interpretation. The units are identifled by a two component code. The first cornponefit is upper case and designates 0 age which is followed by a mnemonic designating gross lithology, e.g. Dls - Devonian limestone. When no lithology follows the age component, the unit is composed of many of the rock types listed below. Legend Lithology I' - Tertiary K - Cretaceous JR - Jurassllc TR - Triassic Pr - Permian C Carboniferous D Devonian S Silurian O Ordovician -6 Cambrian P Precambrian Boundary /-\ '.-/ Symbols car - carbonate limes tone and/or dolomite 1s limestone. dol - dolomite 8s sandstone sh - shale no mnemonic component indicates unit is composed of many of the above rock types of bedrock unit (approximate). Boundary of bedrock unit inferred in area of surficial cover Limit of mapping Al units and symbols do not necessarily appear on this map.

14 _ SOURCES OF INFORMATION Aitken, J.D. and Cook, D.G. 1969: Geology, Lac Belot, District of Mackenzie; Geol. Surv. Can. ; map Bostock, H. S. 1948: Physiography of the Canadian Cordillera, with special reference to the area north of the fifty-fifth parallel; Geol, Surv. Can,; Mem Bostock, H. S. 1967: Physiographic Regions of Canada; Geeol. Surv. Can,; map 1254 A. Fulton, R. J. 1970: Surficial geology of Lac Belot; Geol. Sum. Can. open file 21. * _ " Prest, V.K., Grant, D.R. and Rampton, V,N : Glacial map of Canada; Geol. Surv, Çan., Map 1253 A.

D.E. D.F. Van Dine. Northern Development NORMAN WELLS NTS 96/E. Lawrence F.G. for - Department of Indian Affairs and. July, Shnay.

D.E. D.F. Van Dine. Northern Development NORMAN WELLS NTS 96/E. Lawrence F.G. for - Department of Indian Affairs and. July, Shnay. \ GRANULAR RESOURCE INVENTORY - MACKENZIE NORMAN WELLS NTS 96/E (1d25,OOO) D.E. F.G. Lawrence Shnay D.F. Van Dine for - Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development July, 1972 72 4 u *.al d *