Long-Distance Pumping and Opportunities for Engineering with Nature

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1 Long-Distance Pumping and Opportunities for Engineering with Nature Tim Welp and Derek Wilson Tim Welp Research Hydraulic Engineer Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory 23 October 2012

2 Engineering with Nature (EwN) EwN is the intentional alignment of natural and engineering processes to efficiently and sustainably deliver economic, environmental and social benefits. Calls for an ecosystem approach whereby USACE, in collaboration with our partners and stakeholders, seeks to understand and use natural processes in order to achieve a broad range of project objectives within aquatic systems. (Bridges 2011)

3 Majority of U.S. Pumping Dredging Projects Do Not Use a Booster Pump to Minimize Costs. Dredge Alone Dredge and 1 Booster Pump Dredge and 2 Booster Pumps Long Distance Pumping (LDP) projects defined as dredging projects that involve hydraulic transport through pipelines for distances of 10 mile (16 km) or greater.

Dallas White Rock Lake Dredge and Transport System Make Up Water 0 ston/hr 0% cw 2000-10000

0 SG Slurry Transfer System Tank Approx 30,000gpm (only 10000req d) 40 ft 20000HP 54" DC

Speed 6 miles 1500HP 46" AC Constant Speed 14 miles Disposal Area Dredge Slurry (Soil

4 Dallas White Rock Lake Dredge and Transport System Make Up Water 0 ston/hr 0% cw gpm 1.0 SG Slurry Transfer System Tank Approx 30,000gpm (only 10000req d) 40 ft 20000HP 54" DC Drive Transportation System 595 yd/hr 20% Cv Soil gpm 1.08 SG 40 ft 1500HP 46" AC Constant Speed 6 miles 1500HP 46" AC Constant Speed 14 miles Disposal Area Dredge Slurry (Soil insitu SG 1.4) 595 yd/hr 25% Cv Soil 8000 gpm 1.10 SG Dredge Dredge and Transfer System White Rock Lake Drawn Approved Scale Date RSH None Reference Project Drawing 01 (Source: GIW)

5 Betuwe Route Project (Source:TU Delft) BUILDING STRONG

6 Pipeline Program Web Interface

7 C Alan Webber, USA Today, 21 March 2012

8 Increasing Interest and Use of LDP in US Louisiana loosing a football field of coast every hour Times-Picayune 2011

9 Increasing Interest and Use of LDP in US Hart-Miller Island Confined Disposal Facilities reaching (or have reached) capacity and very expensive to replace.

10 Increasing Interest and Use of LDP in US San Francisco Deep Ocean Disposal Site Changing perception that dredged sediment is a resource to be used, not a waste to be disposed of.

Scofield Island Restoration Project Goal: Preserve structural integrity of barrier shoreline at Scofield

increase island width with back barrier marsh creation.

for island reconstruction. $46.5M Contract Awarded: March 2012 to Great Lakes Dredge & Dock Company.

11 Scofield Island Restoration Project Goal: Preserve structural integrity of barrier shoreline at Scofield Island by pumping Mississippi River sand to close breaches and tidal inlets, reinforce existing shoreline and increase island width with back barrier marsh creation. A Primary Project Objective: Determine the feasibility of mining and transporting Mississippi River sediments for island reconstruction. $46.5M Contract Awarded: March 2012 to Great Lakes Dredge & Dock Company. Max Pumping Distance 118,000 ft (22.3 miles) using cutterhead dredge and 5 booster pumps (approx total pumping power 35,000 hp) for 1.6M yd 3. Unit price $14.90/yd 3 for LDP material

12 LDP System Components

13 Sediment Supply Aspects to be considered include: Volume of sediment available Temporal availability of sediment Spatial availability of sediment Sediment physical characteristics Sediment chemical characteristics

Control top size with grate opening Removal at the Natural

14 Sediment Bedload Collector Selective Capture Low possibility of accidental entrainment Bedload (coarse) sediment only Control top size with grate opening Removal at the Natural Transport Rate Maximum production can t exceed natural transport rates

Pipeline Corridor Pipeline corridor aspects to be considered include: Location(s) of sediment source(s) Location(s) of dredged material placement area(s) Lands, easements, and right-of-ways

15 Pipeline Corridor Pipeline corridor aspects to be considered include: Location(s) of sediment source(s) Location(s) of dredged material placement area(s) Lands, easements, and right-of-ways Environmental resources (e.g., wildlife habitats, oyster leases, etc.) Topography and bathymetry Presence of access channels Presence of oil and gas pipelines Physical obstructions (levee protection, railroads, etc.) Duration of pipeline life

Placement Site (Source: Little Vermilion Bay Sediment Trapping, LADNR 2004) Four placement techniques: traditional hydraulic pipeline placement, thin-layer placement, slurry placement, and

16 Placement Site (Source: Little Vermilion Bay Sediment Trapping, LADNR 2004) Four placement techniques: traditional hydraulic pipeline placement, thin-layer placement, slurry placement, and scrape-down placement. Placement modes are (a) confined, (b) semi-confined, and (c) open water. Placement measures utilize (a) geotubes, (b) earth dikes, (c) rock enclosures, (d) access channels, (e) sediment trapping structures, (f) existing emergent land features, and (g) diversion canals.

17 Sediment Transport Models Provide framework within which to quantify fate, assess options and compare alternatives PTM - Particle Tracking Model GTRAN Sediment Pathway Model

Planning for the Future of Humboldt Bay: Sea Level Rise, Sediment Management, Sand Spits and Salt Marshes. Joel Gerwein

Planning for the Future of Humboldt Bay: Sea Level Rise, Sediment Management, Sand Spits and Salt Marshes Joel Gerwein Introduction to Humboldt Bay Setting Economy, community, and environment Sediment