A Multi-Purpose Continuous GPS Network within the boundary zones of the Eurasian, African, and Arabian plates

Transcription

1 A Multi-Purpose Continuous GPS Network within the boundary zones of the Eurasian, African, and Arabian plates Bahadır AKTUĞ General Command of Mapping TR06100 Ankara/Turkey

2 Anatolia, as a natural laboratory for geosciences: Transform strike-slip faulting Continental collision Major thrust faulting Continental escape Subduction Contraction Extension

3

4 GPS STUDIES İN TURKEY date back to early 1990s geodynamics-oriented at the earlier stage focused on seismically i active areas high concentration in Marmara and Western Anatolia >80 GPS survey campaigns since 1992

5 TURKISH NATIONAL FUNDAMENTAL GPS NETWORK TURKISH NATIONAL FUNDAMENTAL GPS NETWORK (TNFGN)

6 TURKISH NATIONAL FUNDAMENTAL GPS NETWORK (TNFGN) Established between 1997 and 1999 ~600 stations a spatial resolution of km Periodic measurements between 1999 and o o 40 o 39 o 38 o 37 o 36 o o o o o o o o o o o

7 TURKISH NATIONAL PERMANENT GPS NETWORK (TNPGN)

8 ~25 stations Concentrated mostly in Western Anatolia Functional > 5 years 4 of them are included in IGS and EPN Still geodynamics-orientedoriented No real-time

9 Ankara (ANKR) Istanbul (ISTA) Trabzon (TRAB) Gebze (TUBI) IGS IGS/EPN Stations in Turkey Tracking Networks EPN

10 A new Multi-purpose Real-time Network: TURKISH NATIONAL PERMANENT GPS RTK NETWORK for Surveying/Cadastre Geodynamics/Earthquake Hazard Assessment Meteorology (Troposphere) Communications (Ionosphere) Long-term Earthquake prediction Short-term term Earthquake-prediction? (ionosphere?)

11 A Multi-Purpose Continuous GPS Network in Turkey TURKISH NATIONAL PERMANENT GPS RTK NETWORK Distribution of TNPGN TNPGN and T TNPGN NPGN--Active stations (as of Jun 2008). Red Circles TPGN sitessites-27; Blue Triangles: TPGN TPGN--ACTIVE stations(145).

12 TURKISH NATIONAL PERMANENT GPS RTK NETWORK Homogenously distributed ib t d across Anatolia Fully functional by the end of 2008 Communications on ADSL/GPRS VRS-FKP-MAC support Static mode for geodynamics/reference frame issues Kinematic prospects with 20 Hz update rate( Deformation monitoring etc.)

13 TPGN Konya Station (a) (b) (c) TPGN-ACTIVE pillar types (a) ground (b) terrace (c) roof

14 Turkish National Fundamental GPS Network (TNFGN) 80 GPS survey campaigns since 1992 Turkish National Fundamental GPS Network (TNFGN) in 1999 A spatial resolution of km Periodic measurements between 1999 and 2007 Turkish National Permanent GPS Network (TNPGN) ~25 stations Functional > 5 years 4 of them are IGS Static data Turkish National GPS RTK Network (TNGRN) 145 stations Fully-functional by the end of 2008 A spatial resolution of ~75 km Real-time and static data.

15 GPS METEOROLOGY More than half of the GPS stations installed in meteorological parks of General Directorate of State Meteorology. Precipitable it water (PW) data: Radio-sounding Application in Turkey: Spatial Resolution : 7 stations Temporal Resolution : ½ day GPS-Derived PW Application in Turkey: Spatial Resolution : 145 stations Temporal Resolution : 30 sec at near real-time with unprecedented temporal and spatial coverage.

16 GPS METEOROLOGY Preliminary tests at selected stations. High-quality surface meteorological data for GPS stations. 40 Radiosonde GPS ANKR STATION

17 Good agreement at PW values between radiosonde and GPS Rms (0.2 mm) well below average uncertainties (0.5 mm) Histogram of Differences Between GPS And Radiosonde Derived PWs At ANKR Station in mm

18 Surface vs. Mean Atmospheric Temperature ISTANBUL (COAST) ANKR (LAND) Weigh ted mean atmosph heric temperature (K) Surface temperature (K) Surface temperature (K)

19 Current Issues: Topografic relief in Turkey up to 5 km (Western Anatolia at near sea-level and mountainous Eastern Anatolia) Different Empirical coefficients (?) needed to relate Surface temperature to Mean Atmospheric Temp. Not easy assimilation of GPS-derived precipitable water data with numerical weather models. Near real-time data processing (kinematic or moving window?) ISTANBUL (COAST) ANKR (LAND) d mean atmospheric temperature (K) Weighted Surface temperature (K) Surface temperature (K)

20 REAL-TIME IONOSPHERIC TOMOGRAPHY Project initiated between GCM and Hacettepe University Real-time 3D mapping of ionosphere Supported by Turkish Scientific and Technological Research Council (TUBITAK)

21 REAL-TIME IONOSPHERIC TOMOGRAPHY Independent software implementation Currently code observations only Estimation of receiver DCBs at non-igs stations

22 Much denser velocity field need even for low-accuracy works Much lower correlation in vertical velocities Velocity Field in ITRF00-NNR

23 Broader deformation zone Plate-assignment of sites is almost impossible near NAFZ and EAFZ Velocity Field in a Eurasia-Fixed Frame

24 Systematic increase of velocites towards West Non-rigid Central Anatolia? Velocity Field in an Anatolia-Fixed Frame

25 Rigid-body rotation expected to be ~1-2 0 /Myr Non-uniform deformation? Rigid-body Rotations in 0 /Myr

26 Delineates the main fault zones Shows active strike-slip fault zones in Cental Anatolia Shear strains in nanostrain/yr

27 In Summary; New Turkish National GPS RTK Network (TNGRN) will provide a spatial resolution of ~75 km with 145 stations real-time cm-level positioning for survey community invaluable data for weather forecasting real-time TEC data for ionospheric mapping a network for studying earthquake hazard assesment in a very active geography insights about the unresolved issues within the boundary zones of Eurasian, African, and Arabian plates

28 THANK YOU!