3D implementation at national level Case of The Netherlands

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1 3D implementation at national level Case of The Netherlands Dr Jantien Stoter Associate professor GIS technology, OTB, Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment, TUDelft & Consultant innovations at Kadaster & Consultant Geo-ICT at Geonovum

2 3D implementation at the national level!! Why?!!!!!! 3D implementation at national level at mid-scale

3 3D is practise! Why? 3D applications...

4 ...shadow analysis Why?

5 3D simulations Why?! Air stream Noise

6 Sight analysis Why?

7 Modelling of trees Why? For safety of dikes

8 Management of cities Why? Maintenance of public space Sustainable cities (climate) Flooding on roads

9 Communication of spatial plans Why?

10 ...development of areas

11 Large infrastructure projects Why? Station Utrecht Geusselt, Maastricht Spoorzone Delft

12 Clash detection sewage + trees Why?

13 3D in spatial plans

14 Calculation of solar panel potentials Why?

15 Hydrological modelling in city areas Why?

16 3D data in practise Why?

17 Lots of 3D data to buy

18 3D data government High resolution laserdata AHN2 Since 2013 countrywide available Province Brabant, maintenance of large scale topography in 3D

19 3D open data: Rijkswaterstaat

20 3D data government Geological models, subsurface TNO Why? 3D citymodel Rotterdam 3D citymodel The Hague

21 3D is practise, but not mainstream Why?!! No generic approach!! Project-based!! Unclear what you can do with 3D!! 3D in NL is: ad hoc, redundant, inefficient, potentials are not being used

22 Why 3D in national standard? Why?!! Solid, uniform basis for 3D developments;! More efficient! Attractive for investments! Basis for 3D in different application domains!! Align to national 2D standard:! Make 3D feasible for governments!! Align to international 3D standard! For interoperability

23 3D implementation at the national level!! Why?!!!!!! 3D implementation at national level at mid-scale

24 Why?!! Organisational how?!! Technical how?

25 Organisational how? Why?!! Via 3D Pilot NL, started in 2010! Initiative of Kadaster, Geonovum, Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment!! Aim: establish uniform 3D approach to push 3D developments!! By: collaboration with many stakeholders on test area, testbed and use cases

26 3D Pilot = 3D community Why? 3DSite IT&C BV Fugro Coenradie provincie noord- brabant 4Sight BV Gemeente Apeldoorn GW RoCerdam Reality Bytes Oranjewoud gemeente Den Haag Intergraph Benelux B.V. rijksuniversiteit groningen Alliander NV Gemeente Dordrecht ITC UTwente Rijkswaterstaat Alterra Wageningen UR Gemeente Eindhoven Jupiter Light StrateGis Groep BV AND Gemeente Gent, Belgie Kadaster Syntax InfraMediairs Autodesk Gem. Leeuwarden Kaho Sint- Lieven, KU Leuven Technische Universiteit DelV Ballast Nedam Engineering Gemeente RoCerdam KPG Nederland BV Technische Universiteit Eindhoven Bentley Gem Den Bosch LENSEN geomanagement Teken- Projekt en Adviesburo"De Pol" WiCeveen+Bos Gemeente Tilburg NLR Terra Imaging Blom Netherlands Gem.w. RoCerdam NedGraphics TNO / BIMserver.org Breijn Geodan NEO BV TNO Geomodelling Cobra geoadviseurs bv Geodelta Oadis Open BIM consultants TNO Technical Sciences Crotec GeoID bvba Oracle Topcon Europe Posi[oning B.V. CURNET Geonovum Oranjewoud B.V. Toposcopie ORBIT GeoSpa[al CycloMedia Technology B.V. Grontmij Nederland Technologies TU DelV DelVTech BV Organic Vectory BV TU Eindhoven Defensie xkpinfra Spacemetric BV Waterschap Noorderzijlvets E- Semble Havenbedrijf Pitney Bowes Business Insight Vicrea Esri Nederland idelv BV U Twente en NCG VU A'dam - SPINLAB Fast- Fox Imagem Planb. Leefomgeving (PBL) Universiteit Utrecht 650 LinkedIn members

27 AHN2 Phase 1: Test area: Rotterdam Fugro, Rotterdam Why? TNO Topcon Sokkia Mobiele laserscanning; Horus Surround Vision Imagem GBKN Cyclomedia DTB, RWS GBKN TOP10NL

28 3D information extracted from 3D source data by participants IT-Pro people Bentley idelft Kadaster Bentley Bentley Bentley Toposcopie U Twente Toposcopie Gemeente Rotterdam U Twente

29 !. Applied to use cases

30 Results 3D Pilot Phase sept 2011 Why?!! Reports:! 3D Supply! 3D standard! 3D testbed! 3D use cases!! YouTube movies

31 Result phase 1 Why?!! National 3D standard Technical how?

32 National 3D standard Why? Integration of: 1. 2D Information Model Geography (IMGeo)! roads, water, land use/land cover, bridges, tunnels 2. CityGML:! OGC standard for 3D geo-information! Semantics and geometry! Not limited to cities!! Not only an exchange format

33 CityGML: Level Of Detail concept Why?

34 Levels of detail in IMGeo LOD3 LOD2 LOD1 Extrusion upwards More detail 3D roof shapes + semantics 3D blocks + semantics LOD0 Tree Buiding, footprint Extrusion downwards Building, roof edge 2.5D+semantics IMGeo Courtesy of Sisi Zlatanova 2D+semantics

35 IMGeo and CityGML Why?

36 Why?

37 Why?

38 Levels of detail in IMGeo Why?

39 But we are not there yet!! We have a national 3D standard!! But not a country wide implementation

40 3D implementation at the national level!! Why?!!!!!! 3D implementation at national level at mid-scale

41 3D Pilot Phase II Why?!! September December 2012!! Development of ready-to-use toolbox for generating, maintaining and using 3D IMGeo!! To further support implementation of the national 3D standard!! Toolbox consists of 6 parts:

42 1.Technical implementation specifications for CityGML!! To uniform the choices were CityGML allows freedom!! To refine and extend the standard where it is unclear!! To obtain uniform data sets

43 1.Technical implementation specifications for CityGML!! To uniform the choices were CityGML allows freedom!! To refine and extend the standard where it is unclear Available at: To obtain uniform data sets

44 2. Example 3D IMGeo data Why?!! Objectives:! Provides insight into standard & implementation specifications! Test data for software developers

45 Example data LOD1 Bridge LOD2 Bridge LOD0 DTM LOD2 Buildings LOD2 Trees LOD1 Buildings

46 FME Workbench Open Source tools of (Oude Elberink and Vosselman, 2009a; 2009b; Oude Elberink et al, 2013) Read, validate and combine 2D IMGeo + AHN2 data Process Control 3D IMGeo tools Open Source Adding coloring, semantics CityGML output

47 3. Validation and repairing according to ISO19107 and GML Hugo Ledoux and Junqiao Zhao Error report in GML Error report in XML Error messages: Points: Lines: Code available Faces: here Shells: 100: 'DUPLICATE_POINTS', 110: 'RING_NOT_CLOSED', 200: 'INNER_RING_WRONG_ORIENTATION', 210: 'NON_PLANAR_SURFACE', 220: 'SURFACE_PROJECTION_INVALID', 221: 'INNER_RING_INTERSECTS_OUTER', 222: 'INNER_RING_OUTSIDE_OUTER', 223: 'INNER_OUTER_RINGS_INTERSECT', 224: 'INTERIOR_OF_RING_NOT_CONNECTED', 300: 'NOT_VALID_2_MANIFOLD', 301: 'SURFACE_NOT_CLOSED', 302: 'DANGLING_FACES', 303: 'FACE_ORIENTATION_INCORRECT_EDGE_USAGE 304: 'FREE_FACES', 305: 'SURFACE_SELF_INTERSECTS', 306: 'VERTICES_NOT_USED', 310: 'SURFACE_NORMALS_BAD_ORIENTATION' 400: 'SHELLS_FACE_ADJACENT', 410: 'SHELL_INTERIOR_INTERSECT', 420: 'INNER_SHELL_OUTSIDE_OUTER', 430: 'INTERIOR_OF_SHELL_NOT_CONNECTED',

48 4. Update and maintenance of 3D IMGeo!! 3D IMGeo CityGML contest: to show support of private industry for CityGML AND our ADE!! Results available at:

49 5. Website with 3D applications Why?

50 6. BIM/GIS alignment Why?!! Addressing the differences Source: Claus Nagel

51 3D implementation at the national level!! Why?!!!!!!3D implementation at mid-scale

52 By Kadaster.

53 National 3D Modelling at midscale!! By Kadaster!! Countrywide 3D model of 1:10k data!! Automatically generated by smart combination of 2D data and high res Lidar

54 AHN2 Two parts: 1. Points on Surface 2. Points on Objects (vegetation,buildings, bridges, viaducts, cars, city furniture) Surface Objects

55 Automated 3D reconstruction workflow Adjusted Open Source tools of (Oude Elberink and Vosselman, 2009a; 2009b; Oude Elberink et al, 2013) Step 1 Step 2

56 !

57 3D TOP10NL: what is next Method finished Lidar data available for the whole of the Netherlands. Not open data (yet) Compute 3D TOP10NL using cloud processing To be stored in Oracle database Dissemination: Via different formats 3D portrayal via services (research!)

58 Ongoing activities!! 3D Pilot -> 3D SIG: to address open 3D issues with the stakeholders:! Further implementation of 3D IMGeo! Make further agreements with OGC WG CityGML! Integration of above ground with subsoil!! Kadaster! 3D TOP10NL developments

59 Closing Remarks!! 3D applications indispensable for managing and planning densely built-up environment!! Agreements and collaboration at (inter)national are essential to move forward in highly complex domain!! CityGML is a good base for such agreements on 3D geoinformation

60 Thanks for your attention! More information: I Linkedin group 3D SIG NL

61 More information..!! Stoter, L van den brink, J Beetz, H Ledoux, M Reuvers, P Janssen, F Penninga, G Vosselman, 2013, Establishing and implementing a national 3D standard, Journal for Photogrammetry and Geoinformation (PFG), 2013, Issue 4!! Stoter, JE, Vosselman, G, Goos, J, Zlatanova, S, Verbree, E, Klooster, R (extern) & Reuvers, M (2011). Towards a national 3D spatial data infrastructure: case of the Netherlands. Journal for Photogrammetry and Geoinformation (PFG), 2011(6), !! Van den Brink, L., Jantien Stoter, Sisi Zlatanova, 2013, UML-Based Approach to Developing a CityGML Application Domain Extension, Transactions in GIS, DOI: /tgis !! Van Den Brink, Linda, Stoter, Jantien en Zlatanova, Sisi, 2012, Establishing a national standard for 3D topographic data compliant to CityGML, in: International Journal of Geographical Information Science, Volume 27, Issue 1, pages

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